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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS-ANSWER KEY

I. Definitions-Define each word, give an example:

1. Cell: basic unit of living thing (example: egg, epithelial cell, amoeba)

2. Organism:individual living thing (example: human, amoeba)

3. Unicellular: organism which consist of 1 cell only (example: amoeba)

4. Multi-cellular: organism which consist of more than 1 cell (example: human, dog)

5. Movement: changing position from 1 point to another point, for living thing it moves (example:
waving hand, heart beats, chloroplasts move inside the plant cell)

6. Species: a group of similar organism which can reproduce between themselves and produce
new fertile offspring (example: male Elephas maximus with female Elephas maximus are included
in 1 species)

7. Photosynthesis: is the process by which organism use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose
and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water- CO2 + H2O ---sun light---> C6H12O6 + O2 (example:
plants, some bacteria and some protistans who have chloroplast)

8. Respiration: is the chemical reaction in which glucose and oxygen are turned into water, carbon
dioxide, and energy. C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O+ Energy (example: cellular respiration at the
tip of your finger)

9. Breathing: Inhale Oxygen (O2) And Exhale Carbon Dioxide (CO2) (example: the process that
moves air in and out of the lung)

1. Growth : increase in the size, mass or volume. (example: human getting taller)

2. Development: changing body/ part of body form from simple to complex strycture (example:
puberty in human, egg turns into catterpillar and changing form into butterfly)

3. Response: reaction of an organism (example: human sweating)

4. Stimulus: any change in the environment (example: change in the temperature)

5. Sensitivity : Respond to the stimulus (singular)/ stimuli (plural) (example: human sweating
becauseof increasing change in the temperature )

6. Adaptation: an ability of organism to improves its chances of surviving in its environment.


(example: people in tropical countries have darker skin to adapt towards higher ultraviolet radiation
from the sun)

Biology review sheet-Answer Key/Characteristics of Living Things/Grade 7/2016-2017


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7. Excretion: is the removal of metabolic wastes and other non-useful materials from an organism
(example: the respiration process produce waste product which is Carbon Dioxide (CO2), it is
excreted from the stomata on the plants leaves. )

8. Absorb : to take in (something, such as a liquid) in a natural or gradual way (example: nutrition that
we ate are absorbed by the intestine)

9. Reproduction: Production of new offspring for the survival of the species. (example: asexual
reproduction of amoeba by cell division)

10. Extinct: no longer in existence, population=0 (example: the population of Javanese tiger now is 0)

11. Nutrition : a characteristics of a living thing in which the organism absorb nutrients from their
environment (example: nutrition that we ate are absorbed by the intestine)

II. Scenarios:

1. For each example below write which characteristic of life is represented?

a. An amoeba divides in half to form two individuals. REPRODUCTION


b. A deer hears a sound and runs. SENSITIVITY
c. A grasshopper eats a plant, a bird eats the grasshopper, and a cat eats the bird. NUTRITION
d. An egg turns into a larva, which turns into a pupa, which turns into an adult. GROW AND DEVELOP
e. The light brown color of a sand spider blends in with the sand. ADAPTATION

2. One year there were woodpeckers with short beaks, and woodpeckers with long beaks. The bugs the
woodpeckers fed on lived deep in the bark of the trees.
a. Which woodpeckers would be most likely to survive to reproduce?
woodpeckers with long beaks
b. Which characteristics in terms of beak size is most likely to be passed on to the
next generation? long beaks
c. Over many years, how do you think the original woodpecker population would adapt to an
environment where bugs lived deep in the bark of trees? woodpeckers population will have longer beaks
and better sight or smell organ.

3. True or False (Based on scenario #2)

a. T The short beak woodpeckers would grow long beaks.


b. F All individual woodpeckers would grow long beaks.
c. T The woodpeckers with long beaks would be more likely to survive and reproduce.
d. T The wood peckers with short beaks would be less likely to survive and reproduce.
e. T The characteristic for long beaks will more likely be passed on to next generation than the
characteristic for small beaks.

Biology review sheet-Answer Key/Characteristics of Living Things/Grade 7/2016-2017


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III. Questions:

1. Whats the different between movement in living thing and non living thing?
Non living things moves because of external influence while living things moves by itself.

2. How are growing and developing different?


Growing is just increasing in mass or size but develop involving a change in the form in which
something simple become more complex, developing is not always increasing the size.

3. Explain the difference between a stimulus and a response? Give an example of each.
Stimulus is the cause, it is the change in the environment. While response is the effect, it is the
reaction of an organism because of the stimuli. Example of a stimulus: change in the
temperature, example of the response: human sweating.

4. Why is energy required for living things? It is required for the living things daily activities.
How do living things obtain energy? It is obtained from the nutrition by a process called respiration in
which glucose and oxygen are turned into water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O+ Energy

5. How are respiration and nutrition related?


Respiration is when glucose and oxygen are turned into water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O+ Energy
The glucose (C6H12O6) needed in the process of respiration is from the absorption of nutrition.

6. How is movement and sensitivity related in living organisms?


Because organism has sensitivity, it is able to respond towards a stimulus. One of the responds is
in the form of movement. Example: sensitivity in Mimosa pudica: when a stimulus(our finger
touch the leaves) then the leaves respond by moving inward (folded).

7. What if there is a thing that has 4 or 5 characteristics of living things, can you say it is a living
thing?
A things can be said as a living thing if the organism has all the characteristics of Living things,
because all living things consist of at least 1 cell and able to move by itself, respire to produce
energy from the nutrition. The nutrition also use for grow and develop so the organism can
reproduce to prevent extinction. All the process in the body of an organism produce waste
product which needed to be excreted from the body by excretion process. The live of an
organism not always safe, to avoid danger the organism has sensitivity to be able to respond to
any change in their environment (stimulus) and finally develop adaptation to increase the chance
of survival although in the end all organism will eventually die. Having only some of those
characteristics makes the thing cannot possible to through the full life of an organism, thus it is
considered as a non-living thing.
8. Explain how sensitivity creates adaptation with an example.
A plant needs light for photosynthesis, thus the leaf of a plant is sensitive towards the direction
of light source. If the light source always on its right side, then the leaves will slowly moves
towards the light. By the time goes by, the stem will also grow slowly towards the light
direction-this is when adaptation happen.

9. What characteristics of living things does a cell have? Explain your answer.

Biology review sheet-Answer Key/Characteristics of Living Things/Grade 7/2016-2017


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A cell has all the characteristics of a living thing. Each organelles move inside the cell body,
respire through diffusion to produce energy from the nutrition it absorbs, has sensitivity, parts of
it also grow and develop, have the ability to reproduce, needs to excrete waste product.
10. Explain the excretion in plants and the relation with photosynthesis and respiration.

Respiration is when glucose and oxygen are turned into water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O+ Energy
The glucose (C6H12O6) needed in the process of respiration is from the absorption of
nutrition.
Photosynthesis is when water, carbon dioxide, with the energy from the sun are changed
into glucose and oxygen
CO2 + H2O+--- sun Energy ----> C6H12O6 + O2
The glucose from photosynthesis is used as the material to create energy in the process
called respiration. The respiration produces CO2 as the waste product, while Photosynthesis
produce O2as the waste product. The waste are excreted from the stomata.

Biology review sheet-Answer Key/Characteristics of Living Things/Grade 7/2016-2017


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