28

" "
, 26 2011

1
= 120D . ,

.
. :
() , () = .

= 90D B
()
. = 90D .
.
,
.

1
= 90D . ,
, :
(
= 180D HBZ+BZH
) (1)

= EB
HBZ + BA=120
+ BA=EA
D = 30D +
90D + BA . (2)
 ( = = 90D ) :
=
= (3)
(2) (3) (1) :
( ) (
= 150D +
= 180D 30D ++
)
= 150D (180D 120D ) = 90D .

() , +
=
=
=
90D + 90D = 180D .
= 120D 90D = 30D .

, = 2 = , .

2
x =

. y = x > y .
x y ,
x , y .

:
x y = 1000 + 100 + 10 + 1000 100 10
= 1000( ) + 100( ) + 10( ) +
= 999( ) + 90( )
= 9 (111( ) + 10( ) ) .
:
A = 111( ) + 10( ) .
, , , (
). x > y , > .
,
> . = 9 = 1 .
= 8 = 2 .
x = 9821 y = 1289
x y = 9821 1289 = 8532 .
,
.
1.
( , ) :
(9,8) , (8, 7) , (7, 6) (6,5) (5, 4) (4,3) (3, 2) (2,1) .
( , ) ,
:
A = 111 + 10( ) .
8
= 1 = 9 .
 (9,8) (2,1) (
),
x , y .

3192 2913 279

4193 3914 279
5194 4915 279
6195 5916 279
7196 6917 279
8197 7918 279

3
3 + 1 , , 7,
:
() 7,
() m 7, m, m > 1 .

() 3 + 1 = 7 , , .
= 7 + , {0,1, 2,3, 4,5, 6} . :
3 ( 7 + ) + 1 = 7 21 + 3 + 1 = 7 3 + 1 = 7 ,
2. = 7 + 2,
, 7 2.
()
m
m
m = ( 7 + 2 ) = ( 7 ) 2i = .7 + 2m .
m m i

i =0 i

, 2m 7.
m = 3 + , {0,1, 2} , :
2 m = 23 + = 8 2 = ( 7 + 1) 2 = ( .7 + 1) 2 = .7 + 2 ,

{0,1, 2} . m 7,
m, m > 1 20 = 1, 21 = 2 22 = 4.

4
x, y , z 12, :
x y z
+ + +3 x + y + z .
y z x
;

x, y , z 12,

x y z x+ y+ z
+ + + x+ y+ z. (1)
y z x 4
 x, y, z ,

x y x y
+ 2 = x, (2)
y 4 y 4
y z y z
+ 2 = y, (3)
z 4 z 4
z x z x
+ 2 = z . (4)
x 4 x 4
(2), (3) (4) (1).
, (2), (3) (4)
.,
2
x y y z z x y2 z2 x2 y2 z2 1 y2 y4
= , = , = x= , y= , z= x= , y= , z= = 3
y 4 z 4 x 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4
y2 z2 1 z2
x= , y= , z= 3
4 4 4 4
2 2
y z 1
x = , y = , z = 7 z8
4 4 4
2 2
y z
x = , y = , z 7 = 47 x = y = z = 4.
4 4