Lesson 1: IELTS Speaking Part 2

Speaking for Two Minutes

In the IELTS speaking part 2, you will be given a topic by the examiner, and you have to speak
for two minutes.

Some students find it difficult to do this, so there are some tips in this lesson to help you extend
your long-turn.

Lets imagine that you are given this IELTS speaking part 2 question:

Describe someone who has had an important

influence on your life.

You should say:

Who the person is

How long you have known him/her
What qualities this person has

Explain why they have had such an influence on you.

Firstly, you must talk about the topic on the card.

However, if you only talk about the specific questions on the card, you may find that you finish
too soon.

As long as you keep to the topic, it is ok to talk about other things.

Here are two things you can do in the minute you have before you speak to help you find more to
say for the IELTS speaking part 2.

1. Use other question prompts

These are question prompts:

Who
What
When
Where
How
Why

When you prepare, write down the other question prompts that are not on the list, and think of
things you can say about those as well.

For example:
When - When did you meet?
Where Where did you meet?

2. Think of a Story
You can also tell a story about the person, place, event or thing you are discussing.

So in your one minute, think of and note down a quick and preferably interesting story to tell
about the topic.

You can tell the story anywhere in your IELTS speaking part 2, as long as it fits in.

Example IELTS Speaking Part 2

The person Im going to talk about today is my teacher from high school. (who) Her name was
Miss Chadwick and she taught quite a few subjects at the school. She had been working there for
quite a few years when I met her I think. (where) We met for the first time in my English class.
(more about who) I remember this well because she was quite young compared to most of the
other teachers in the school so I was surprised that she was a teacher! In fact she looked more
like she could be one of the older students!

(How long) So I met her when I was 15, and that was 10 years ago. I dont actually know her
anymore as we lost contact soon after I left the school, but I still remember her very well for
several reasons. (What qualities) Firstly, she was very kind. She always treated all the students
very well in the class, and I cant remember her ever shouting at anyone. Also, she had a really
good sense of humour. She would make jokes in the class which most of the other teachers never
did. The other teachers were very serious all the time. And she made the classes a lot of fun and
very interesting, something that I think is very important otherwise you start to get bored. Oh,
and also she explained things very well and very clearly. Often teachers are not able to do this in
a way that students can understand, especially when it's complicated subjects.

So those are the qualities that she had. (why such an influence) The reason she had such an
important influence on me is because I was quite a shy person at school and not very confident,
but she helped me to change this. (tell a story) Each year, there was a school play that would
be held in front of all the parents, and that year, when I was 15, Miss Chadwick was organizing
and directing the play. I really didn't want to be in it because I was so shy, but Miss Chadwick
insisted that I take one of the roles, and it was one of the main roles which meant that I would
have to do a lot of speaking! I was so nervous. Anyway, I went ahead and did it, and on the night
I did really well and really enjoyed it. And that really boosted my confidence and this has helped
me to this day.

So my teacher Miss Chadwick is the person who has influenced my life and I will never forget her.

Lesson 2:
IELTS Speaking Questions and Answers - Part One
This lesson is a quiz using IELTS speaking questions and answers to provide you with some
general tips on successfully answering questions for part one of the IELTS speaking test.
 In part one of the test, you are asked general questions about yourself - follow this link to view
example part one questions if you do not know what to expect.

You'll be asked about 12 questions in part one of the test, and these will be taken from three
different sets of topics which the examiner will choose.

For example you could be asked about:

1. Your home town

2. Your favourite holiday destination
3. What kinds of books you like to read

So you'll have about four questions on each of these.

Now, take this 'IELTS Speaking Questions and Answers Quiz' to see if you know what is the best
way to respond in this part of the test.

Decide which answer you think is the best, then click on the letter to see if you are right.

Part One IELTS Speaking Questions and Answers - Quiz

1. How many people are there in your family?

There are four. We live in a large house in the north of my country. It gets very cold there in
the winter but it is really nice during the summer months. I try to go back there often.

There are four. My brother and my parents.

There are four. Theres myself of course. Then theres my younger brother, hes fifteen years
old. And I have my mother and father who are both in their late 70s. I have two grand parents
as well, but they dont live with us.

2. Do you know the people who live next door to you?

No, Ive never met them. The reason for this is that Im away most of the time at university so
Ive never really had the opportunity. I know my family has met them on a few occasions, just
for a quick chat, but they dont know them well. I think they like to keep their privacy.

No, Ive never met them.

No, Ive never met them. I think my parents have, but I dont know who they are.

3. What kinds of books do you like reading?

 I dont like reading. Books are boring. I much prefer to play on the internet or just watch TV in
my free time. Reading books just sends me to sleep.

Although I think books are great ways to learn, and I know some people love to read, Ive
never been a great fan of them. I used to read books a bit when I was younger but not much
anymore. I read a lot on the internet actually, articles on various topics. So I do read, but its
just not usually books.

I dont really like reading, but I did read a book once. Ill tell you the story. It was set in the
1960s in London. It was about a poor family who were just trying hard to make ends meet as
they had so little money. If followed the life of the boy in the family from when he was young
until he grew up. The first part of the book was about growing up with his family and his school
life...(candidate continues the story)

You should have learnt from these IELTS speaking questions and answers to:

Stay on topic

Listen carefully to the question and make sure you are answering it. Dont talk about something
completely different just so you can talk for longer.

Extend your answers

Give reasons for your answer. This can be a useful way to extend your responses. Always explain
WHY you have given the answer that you have.

Don't speak excessively

Extend your answers but dont go on too much. This will only mean the examiner will have to
keep interrupting you to move onto the next questions.

Be honest but positive

Try to remain upbeat and positive even if you are saying you dont do things or dont enjoy things
you are being asked about. You can always put a positive slant on your answers.

Lesson 3 - Speaking About Change

Objectives: to examine and practice some ways of speaking about change.

Often in part 3, you are asked to compare a situation now with the same situation in the
past.
 Common time periods include; 20 years, 30 years, when your parents were young and when your
grandparents were young.

Examples:

How are the eating habits now in your country different from eating habits in the past?
Are the types of leisure activities that are popular today the same as those that were popular
when your parents were young?
How have shopping habits changed over recent years?
Have the types of transport people use changed much over the last few decades?

This lesson will provide you with some useful grammar for speaking about change in the
IELTS test, and how to spot these types of question.

_________________________________________________

Used to
One way of describing how things have changed is to use used to. We use it to refer to facts
or situations that were true in the past but are not true now. When the change occurred is not
important.

Example:

Vietnam used to be a colony of France, (but now it is independent)

Jimmy Carter used to be the President of the United States, (but now he isnt.)

This can, of course be used to give personal information.

I used to smoke, (but I gave up 2 years ago.)

Mike used to be a detective in the CID, (but now hes a teacher)

_________________________________________________

Comparatives
In these types of questions the function being tested is compare, so using comparatives is
obviously a good way of answering the question and speaking about change.

Example:

"Thirty years ago, the streets were much quieter than now.

I think that reading was much more popular in the past.

When talking about how things are different now, the present perfect is often used as well as
the present simple.

The streets have become much noisier. (Notice, a time is not needed)

Reading is much less popular than it was in the past.

_________________________________________________

Speculation
Particularly for some of the longer periods, you may not be sure of exactly how things have
changed and it is all right to speculate.

Would can be used for strong speculation.

Example:

It would have been harder for my grand father to find out about international news, because
there was no radio or T.V in his village.

In the past, people would have traveled less often.

When you are not so sure you can use other words. (perhaps, possibly, might, may, etc.)

Im not sure but, perhaps, they might have studied less science thirty years ago

Possibly, in my fathers day, people could have played more sport.

_________________________________________________

Question types
Questions about changes tend to be phrased in ways like these:

How do you think is different from thirty years ago?

In what ways has changed from when your parents were young?

How is different from twenty years ago?

Of course, the examiner may choose to word the question in other ways.
 Lesson 4:
Will and Going to
Usually in part 3 of the speaking test you will be asked to talk about the future in at least one of
the questions (some of the questions in part 1 may also be about the future).

Will and going to are popular words to do this, so we will look at them, but there are some other
ways too.

It is important to notice when a question is about the future so you can make sure that your
response is also using the future tense.

Here are some example questions:

Do you think any new national celebrations will come into being in the future?
How do you think the internet will change people's buying habits in the future?
Do you think it will be more or less important to have a good education in the future?

Here is an explanation of will and going to and some other useful structures for discussing the
future

Will
There are various uses of will, but in IELTS part 3 we can use it when we want to talk about
future events that we believe are certain.

Will is followed by verb 1, or the infinitive.

Education will be more important in the future because as populations increase, there will be
greater competition for jobs.

If you use will on its own, this means you believe in what you are saying 100%, or you have
100% evidence to back up your claim.

You can add in a word like definitely if as well if you want to emphsize your certainty even
more:

Education will definitely be more important in the future because as populations increase, there
will be greater competition for jobs.

If you are less certain (which is often the case as we usually dont have evidence with us) then we
use words such as 'maybe', 'perhaps', 'possibly', 'probably' and likely.

Education will probably be more important in the future because as populations increase, there
will be greater competition for jobs.

Going to
Will and Going to are used in similar ways. We can use going to to talk about a plan we have,
but in the IELTS test part 3 we usually use it when we are making a prediction based on evidence
we know of, often from what we can see in front of us.

Going to is followed by verb 1, or the infinitive.

The sky is very black (the evidence we can see). I think its going to rain. (not an IELTS
example)

The internet is getting much easier to use and safer (the evidence), so I think its going to be
very popular for buying clothes in the future.

The climate is going to become warmer and warmer because the government is not doing
enough to prevent global warming.

Will or going to?

Will is more common for giving predictions about future events, so if you are unsure of the
difference between them, just use will.

However, we often use will and going to inter-changeably. For example, in the sentences above
we can swap them without affecting the meaning:

The climate will / is going to become warmer and warmer because the government is not doing
enough to prevent global warming.

Education will probably / is probably going to be more important in the future because as
populations increase, there will be greater competition for jobs.

Modal Verbs
In addtion to will and going to, another way to talk about the future is to use modal verbs such as
may and might.

Again, these are used when you are not certain about something. They have the same meaning.

I think education may become more important in the future, but it really depends on what
happens to the job market.

The climate might get cooler in the future if we manage to restrict CO2 emissions.

Present Continuous
This is also used to talk about the future.

It is often used when we want to talk about what has been arranged for the future, so it may be
less common for part 3 and more common for part 1, but it is still possible for some things you
may want to say:

Our president is meeting the president of the USA next year, so hopefully they will discuss the
problems of our country.
Will and Going to - Sample Answer
Here is a sample answer to a question:

How do you think the internet will change people's buying habits in the future?

Buying from the internet is becoming more and more popular. For example, weve seen many
book shops close down because people can buy online at cheaper prices from sites such as
Amazon. It makes life much easier if products can be delivered direct to our door, especially with
our busy modern lifestyles. I think this will only increase in the future as more people feel safe
to buy online and online shops make it easier to purchase this way. Also, I think our lives are only
going to become busier, so more people will choose to shop this way.

IELTS Mind Map - Speaking Part 2

This lesson introduces you to the idea of using an IELTS mind map to help you with your
speaking for part two.

There are different methods and techniques you'll come across for preparing for this part of the
speaking test, so you really need to decide which way suits you best.

Mind maps are a way to visually organize information. A single idea is placed in the middle,
with ideas associated with that word around the edge.

A mind map can be useful for IELTS speaking in part two because you can place the main topic
from the cue card in the middle and then brainstorm ideas around it.

You can use other question words such as 'why', 'when', 'who', 'where' etc to help you think of
ideas.

As well as question words you can also add a story as this is a useful way to extend your answer
- click here to view a lesson on how to extend your answers for part 2 and using a story to help
you do this.

You can also add in any useful vocabulary that you think of.

Look at this example cue card, and then look at the mind map that someone has done in order to
answer the question.

Cue Card

Describe a lake, a river or a sea you have

visited.
 You should say:

Where the lake, river or sea is

How often you have visited it
What activities you do there

Explain why you like this particular place.

Mind Map

As you can see, a story has been added in, and some extra information about 'who', plus some
interesting vocabulary

Its up to you in what order to answer the question. You don't have to follow the card, but you
should try to cover all the points that are on there and your talk must be organized and coherent.

The mind map or following the card will help with this, plus giving cues to which section you are
on. For example, "I've visited it many times because..." tells the examiner you are talking about
the 'How often' part.

Here is a sample answer. Note how all the points are covered, plus some extra information that is
not on the card but is on the mind map.
Sample Answer using a Mind Map - A Lake You've Visited
Im going to talk about a lake that Ive visited.

The lake is in the Lake District area which is in the North West of England. As you can guess by its
name, its very famous for its many beautiful lakes. The area is also known as The Lakes and it
is a National Park.

Ive visited it many times because I live only a few hours from there. I usually go every summer,
and Ive been going for many years now probably since about 1998. We used to go a lot in my
summer holiday when I was at school. Now Im working I still go, but Ill go at weekends. I
usually go with my family thats my two brothers and my Mum and Dad. Sometimes we might
go with our cousins as well. I have also been with friends quite a few times.

There are loads of thing to do there. At this lake we go to there are a lot of water sports and I
really like those. Theres jet skiing, sailing and kayaking for example, but you dont just have to
do those things theres plenty to do even if you dont like those kinds of activities. You can go
walking around the lake or further out into the areas around the lake because there are many
areas which are really beautiful. There are also some great places to eat good food.

One of the best things I have done is a Kayaking trip. It wasnt actually on the lake, but in a river
close by. There are some white water rapids, so I went on those with a friend. We started it with
a group of others at a calm part of the river, with a guide as well to make sure everyone was
safe. Some parts then got quite rough with the water and strong currents. It was scary but really
exhilarating as well. Ill definitely try and go again one day.

The reason why I like this place so much is that although there are lots of exciting activities that
you can do, its also surrounded by lots of breathtaking scenery, with stunning views of the hills
and rivers. So its still really tranquil and relaxing and a really good way to unwind if you have
had a difficult week at work and just want to get away.

So thats the lake that Ive visited and Im sure Ill continue to visit there in the future.

Lesson 6: IELTS Speaking Tone

When you do your speaking test, it is important that you get the speaking tone correct.

In this lesson we'll look at how linking phrases can affect the tone.

You are basically having a conversation with someone, so you want to sound natural. Some
candidates think they have to sound very formal and academic.

You obviously do need some good vocabulary to get a higher score on the test, such as that from
the academic word list (used correctly of course!), but language that you would hear naturally if
you had a conversation with your friends is also as important and will get noticed by the
examiner.

Take a look at this question and then the answer by a candidate:

When do you think it is acceptable to be late for
appointments?

You should always try to be on time. However, there are some

occasions when it is ok to be late. Firstly, in my country the traffic is
terrible, so sometimes you cannot help but be late because of that.
Furthermore, if you are very ill, this may be another reason that
makes you late. You cant really help that. Moreover, if an
emergency arises because of, for example, a problem with your
child, you will need to take care of that first of course.

What do you think is the problem with the speaking tone? Click to see below.

Show/Hide Answer

You should always try to be on time. However, there are some

occasions when it is ok to be late. Firstly, in my country the traffic is
terrible, so sometimes you cannot help but be late because of that.
Furthermore, if you are very ill for an unexpected reason, again
there is nothing you can do about that. Moreover, if an emergency
arises because of, for example, a problem with your child, you will
need to take care of that first of course.

The problem with this response is the words linking the ideas, or the transitions. It is not that
they are 'wrong' as such. In theory they can be used as the meaning is clear, but they are very
formal.

They are suitable for an academic essay, but you will not often hear someone use these words
when they are speaking with you.

So if you use these it will make what you say sound very forced and unnatural.

Here is the same answer but the speaking tone is more natural:

You should always try to be on time, but having said that, there
are some occasions when it is ok to be late. A particular problem
in my country is the terrible traffic jams, so sometimes you cannot
help but be late because of that. Also, if you are very ill for an
unexpected reason, again there is nothing you can do about that.
Another good reason is if an emergency arises because of, for
example, a problem with your child, you will need to take care of
that first of course.

As you can see, this sounds more natural and will sound more fluent. It will also seem less
'mechanical'.

So get into the habit of improving your speaking tone by forming linking phrases that are not too
mechanical or formal.

Lesson 7: Hypothetical Situation

Sometimes in part 2 of the speaking test you are asked to describe things that involve a
hypothetical situation.

If something is hypothetical, then it is an unreal situation in the future. It is just an idea or

imagined.

The grammar for this is connected to conditional type II 'if clauses'. Take a look at this:

Question: If you won the lottery, what would you do?

Answer: Id buy a large house in the countryside.

Of course the person has NOT won the lottery so it is just an imagined or unreal situation.

In the if part of the clause, youll notice that the past simple (won) is used, even though the
imagined future is being referred to. Would is used in the second part.

For the IELTS task card, you'll just be seeing the 'would' part.

Take a look at this sample task 2 question:

Describe an interesting job you would like to

have

You should say:

What the job is

Who normally does this job
What skills are needed for the job

Explain why you would like this job

So when you talk about a hypothetical situation, you need to make sure you use the correct
grammar.
Remember that I would is usually shortened to Id when we are speaking.

Take a look at this model answer. The uses of 'would' are in red.

Model Answer
Im going to talk about a job Id like to have.

Ok, if I could choose any job, it would be an air hostess. They are the people who take care of
customers who are travelling on planes - serving the food, making sure the travellers board and
depart the plane safely, and taking care of any other issues.

This type of job can be done by men or women, but there are usually certain requirements. For
instance, you have to be at least 19 years old in most cases when you first apply and usually a
certain height, not too small. Also, your weight needs to be in proportion to your height. So in
other words, not overweight unfortunately. They also really prefer people who are younger. So
not just anyone can do it. Those who do the job usually want to travel as much as they can to see
the world, or maybe to make money as in some developing countries it is a lot better paid than
many other jobs.

Regarding the skills, one of the most important things to be is outgoing. I think you need to be
very confident and happy to chat with anyone! You also need to be patient as Im sure you can
sometimes get passengers who complain, but you still have to continue to be nice to them. For
qualifications, you have to have good GSCE marks. I think that is it.

The reason that Id like a job like this is because Id really like to see the rest of the world and Id
like to meet lots of new people from different cultures and countries. Its actually something Ive
wanted to do for a very long time, since I was young, which is why I know so much about the
requirements. Im quite a confident person and very outgoing, so I think I have all the qualities
that are needed for such a job.

If I was given the chance to do this job in the future, Id be very happy. Its my dream so
hopefully one day it will come true.

___________________________________________

As you'll notice, only a few parts of this response are using 'would'. The amount you use it will
depend on what you are saying.

In much of the response the candidate is talking about facts regarding the job, which are always
true, so the present simple is being used. She's not referring to the future.

She only refers to a hypothetical situation a few times in her response.

Here are some examples for you to practice with:

___________________________________________

Example Hypothetical Situation Speaking Card 1

Describe a beautiful place in your country that you

 would like to visit

You should say:

Where it is
Who you would go with
When you would go

Explain why you would like to visit this place

Example Hypothetical Situation Speaking Card 2

Describe a house you would like to buy in the

future.

You should say

What kind of house it would be

Where you would like it to be
Who you would like to live there with

Explain why you would like to buy a house like

this

Expressing Opinions for IELTS Speaking

Expressing opinions or giving your thoughts is an important part of the IELTS speaking test,
especially in part 3 when you have a 2-way discussion with the examiner.

You will also need to justify your opinion or explain why you have that opinion.

By justifying your opinion you will be extending your response and making sure you are having
a proper discussion with the examiner which you need to do in part 3.

In this lesson we'll look at some ways to express your opinions and justify them.

To do this we usually use adverbial phrases at the start of the sentence.

Here are some ways of expressing opinions or saying what you think about a topic:

______________________________________________

Expressing Opinions
 Expression Meaning Example

Easy to understand Clearly, the economy is not going to

Clearly
Obviously or see improve this year.

Personally, I don't think the legal

Showing that it is
Personally drinking age should be reduced.
your opinion
Others may disagree.

Usually, or in most Generally, the trains are a lot more

Generally
situations reliable than the buses in my country.

Surprisingly, the government

Unexpectedly or in
prohibited smoking in all public places
Surprisingly a way that is
last year. I never thought this would
unusual
happen.

In a way that I didn't study much. Inevitably, I

Inevitably
cannot be avoided didn't get the score I needed.

Predictably, problems are now

Predictably As expected occurring in the city because of
overpopulation.

Frankly, I wish I'd waited before

To be honest and
Frankly taking the IELTS test as I'm not
direct
ready!

Unhappy, sad or Regrettably, my family could never

Sadly
sorry about return to their country because of the
Regrettably
Unfortunately something civil war.

And after expressing your opinions, here are some ways that you can justify them:

Justifying Opinions

Across one sentence

Generally, the trains are a lot more
reliable than the buses in my
country...
+ Subject Verb:
...as the government has invested
a lot of money into the system.
 ...because the government has...

...since the government has...

...due to the fact that the

government has...

+ Noun Phrase:

...because of the government's

investment of money into the
system.

...due to the government's

investment of...

...as a result of the government's

investment of...

...as a consequence of the

government's investment of...

Across two sentences

+ Subject Verb:

The reason for this is that the

government...

This is because the government

has...

This is due to the fact that the

government has...
Generally, the trains are a lot more
reliable than the buses in my + Noun Phrase:
country.
This is due to the government's
investment of...

This is because of the

government's investment of...

This is as a result of the

government's investment of...

This is as a consequence of the

government's investment of...
Expressing Opinions - Practice
Now it's your turn.

In questions 1-5, choose which adverbial phrase should go in the gap. Look carefully at the rest of
the sentence. Is it something surprising? Sad? Obvious? Predictable? Typical?

________________________________

choose one
1. , people get married quite late in my country.

choose one
2. , we must try and lift people out of poverty to improve standards of living.

choose one
3. , I don't think climate change is caused by human actions.

choose one
4. , crime is increasing in my city because the government did not increase the
number of police like they said they would.

choose one
5. , many children are unable to get the education that they need so they end up
in low-paid work as adults.

________________________________

In the next 5 questions, choose the correct justifying phrase to go in the gap. Again, look at the
sentence.

You need to decide which one will fit grammatically. Is it followed by a noun or a subject and a
verb?

________________________________

choose one
6. Predictably, temperatures are continuing to rise a lack of action by
governments.

choose one
7. Sadly, more refugees are fleeing the country the war is continuing.

choose one
8. Obviously, the failure rate in schools is high the low numbers of
teachers.

choose one
9. Generally, people are having children later in life. many more
women are now working.

choose one
10. Personally, I don't believe that unemployment will fall. the
unwillingness of companies to hire new staff.
 Lesson 9: Speaking Questions for IELTS
You can get various types of speaking questions for IELTS so it is important to understand
how to reply to them properly.

This lesson is particularly important if you are at a lower level of English, as those with weaker
speaking skills often show that they have misunderstood the question when they give their
answer.

Giving the wrong answer could also come from not concentrating properly.

This could be due to nerves, so you miss exactly what the examiner has asked. So you have to
listen carefully.

Take a look at this example question:

IELTS Examiner: How important do you think it is to learn English language?

Candidate: Oh, I really like learning English. I think it will really help with my career.

This candidate has shown that they did not listen properly, or simply misunderstood the
question.

These are the kinds of answers that would be expected.

It's very important because...

It's extremely important...
It's fairly important because..
It's quite important because...
I don't think it's very important because...

So in this case it is an adverb of degree that would be expected as they commonly follow how
questions that ask for an opinion about something.

That is not to say that there are not other possibilities, but this directly answers the question,
unlike the other reponse which was incorrect.

Now try this speaking questions for IELTS exercise to see if you know the meaning of other
common question phrases.

Link the question phrase to its correct meaning.

___________________________________________________

Types of Speaking Questions for IELTS Part 1

Practice
1. How important...?
choose one

2. How often...?
choose one

3. How do you...?
choose one

4. Would you rather...?

choose one

5. What kind of...?

choose one

6. When...?
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7. Where...?
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8. Why...?
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9. Who...?
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