PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN 2007

CHAPTER 9: ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM

Multiple Choice Questions

9.1 Evaluating Human Activities That Endanger An Ecosystem

1. Which of the following does not lead to a deterioration of the environment?

A Thinning of the ozone layer

B Urbanisation
C Deforestation
D Emigration

2. What are the effects of extensive logging?

I Flash flood
II Global warming
III Less rainfall
IV Green house effect

A I and III only

B I, II and III only
C II and III only
D I, II, III and IV

3. Noise pollution can result in damage to the

I Ear drum.
II Auditory nerve.
III Cochlea.
IV Bone.

A I, II and III only

B I and III only
C I and IV only
D IV only

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4. How can oil spill disturb the aquatic ecosystem?

I It increases the nutrient content of the water.

II It can dissolve in water
III It obstructs aeration in the water.
IV It prevents sunlight from going into the water.

A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and IV only
D III and IV only

5. The release of excess heat to the atmosphere is due to

I Electric generating stations.

II Glass buildings.
III Burning of forest.
IV Acid rain on the earth.

A I, II and III only

B I, III and IV only
C II and IV only
D I and III only

6. Which of the following gases causes acid rain?

A Oxygen gases
B Sulphur dioxide
C Nitrogen gases
D Carbon monoxide

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7. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be reduced by

A Respiration.
B Combustion.
C Photosynthesis.
D Exhalation.

9.2 Understanding The Greenhouse And Thinning Of The Ozone Layer

8. The pictures in figure 1 shows a man-made activity.

Figure 1
What is the effect of this activity to the environment?

I Flash flood
II Erossion
III Global warming
IV Thinning of the ozone layer

A I, II and III only

B I, II and IV only
C II and III only
D III and IV only

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9. Which of the following will produce CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon)?

I Air conditioner
II Fire extinguisher
III Polystyrene
IV Water evaporation

A I, II and III only

B I and IV only
C II and III only
D I, II, III and IV

10. The diagram in figure 2 shows the layers in the atmosphere.

Figure 2
The ozone layer is

A between 15 to 20 km from the earth's surface.

B between 20 to 25 km from the earth's surface.
C between 25 to 50 km from the earth's surface.
D between 50 to 100 km from the earth's surface.

11. Which of the following is not a result of global warming?

A Change in wind direction and the distribution of rainfall

B Acid rain
C Decline in the yield of crops
D Floods in low lying countries

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12. The release of excess heat to the atmosphere is due to

I electric generating stations.

II glass buildings.
III burning of forest.
IV Thinning of the ozone layer..

A I, II and III only

B I, III and IV only
C II and IV only
D I and III only

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Structured Items

1. A project was done to study the effect of acid rain in a certain region. Formation of
acid rain by polluted air is shown in the above diagram.

(a) Name two different sources for nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide in the
atmosphere.


.
[2 marks]
(b) What are the effects of acid rain on
(i) fish



[2 marks]
(ii) plants

[2 marks]

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(iii) buildings



[2 marks]

(c) (i) Besides the gases shown in the figure above, name a solid
pollutant that is common in the air ?


[2 marks]

(ii) How are they formed?

[2 marks]
(d) What is its effect on

(i) Humans

.
[1 marks]

(ii) Plants

.
[1 mark ]

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Figure 3
2. The figure 3 shows a phenomenon caused by changes in layer Q.

(a) (i) Name gas Q.

[1 mark]

(ii) Describe two human activities that can cause an increase in layer
Q.

[2 marks]

(b) (i) Name the phenomenon shown in the figure 1.

[1 mark]

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(ii) Explain how the change in thickness of gas can cause the
phenomenon in (b)(i).

[2 marks]

(c) (i) State two problems caused by the phenomenon described.

[2 marks]

(ii) State two ways to reduce the problem caused by the change in
thickness of gas Q.

[2 marks]

(d) Name two other gases that can contribute to the same phenomenon as
gas Z.
...
.
[2 marks]

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3. The figure 4 shows the position of a layer Y in the Stratosphere which is about 20
to 50 km from the Earth's surface

Figure 4

(a) (i) Name the gas found in abundance in layer Y.

[1 mark]

(ii) How is the gas formed?

[2 marks]

(iii) What is the function of this gas layer?

[1 mark]

(b) (i) Name two substances responsible for the thinning of this layer
and their sourcess.

[2 marks]

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(ii) Describe the thinning of this layer on human health.

[2 marks]

(c) How does this substance mentioned in (b)(i) destroy this layer?

.
.

.
[2
marks]

(d) State two methods that can be used to overcome the problems caused by
the thinning of this layer.

.
.
.
[2 marks]

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Essay Items

The picture shows several sources of pollution in this region.

1. (a) Based on the activities carried out at places P, Q, R, S and T, describe

how pollution occurs in this region.
[10 marks]

(b) Describe the steps that should be taken to preserve the quality of the
environment in this region through the implementation of laws.
[10 marks]

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9.2 Understanding The Greenhouse And Thinning Of The Ozone Layer

2. (a) Explain how air pollution leads to the greenhouse effect, acid rain and the
thinning of the ozone layer.

[10
marks]

(b) State the bad effects for each phenomenon

[6 marks]

(c) Explain the steps that can be taken to overcome each of the above
issues.
[4 marks]

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