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Forced
Convection:
Inside Pipe
ro
u The
convective coefficient for heat transfer through a fluid is
given by:
u Surface
thermal conditions are commonly idealized as being of
uniform temperature T or uniform heat flux q.
u Nusselt number:
u Pradatl number:
+
Heat coefficient inside a pipe:
Laminar Flow
u Different types of correlation for the convective coefficient are
needed such that:
Laminar flow: NRe< 2100
Transition region: 2100<NRe<6100
Turbulent region: Nre> 6000
u For
an L/D< 60, where the entry has sudden contraction,
approximate correction is provided (in next section)
+
Heat coefficient inside a pipe:
Turbulent flow
u Forair at 1 atm total pressure, the simplified equation holds
for turbulent flow:
u For
flow inside helical coils and Nre above 104, the predicted
film coefficient for straight pipes should be increased by the
factor (1+3.5D/Dcoil)
+
Heat coefficient inside a pipe:
Transition flow
u Intransition region between 2100 and 6000, the empirical
equation are not well defined. No simple equation exist for
accomplishing a smooth transition from heat transfer in
laminar and in turbulent flow
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