FORM 4 FUNCTIONS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
1 FUNCTIONS
FUNGSI
1. Determine the image of a function given the object or vice versa.

Cari imej bagi fungsi berikut jika diberi objek dan sebaliknya.
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) Given that f ( x) x 2 4 . Evaluate

the value of f ( 4 ) .
Given that f(x) = 4x 1 . Find the
Diberi f ( x) x 4 . Cari nilai bagi
2
image of x = 3.
Diberi f(x) = 4x 1. Cari imej bagi x = f(4) .
3.
f (3) 4(3) 1
11
(c) A function h is defined as (d) Given the function m(x) = x 3 . Find

h : x 2 5x. Find the image for
x = -2 . the image for x = - 8 .
Fungsi h dinyatakan sebagai Diberi fungsi m(x) = x 3 . Cari imej
h : x 2 5x. Cari imej bagi x = -2 . bagi x=-8.
2
2. A function g is defined as g : x , find the value of
x3
2
Fungsi g is diberi sebagai g : x , Cari nilai
x3
(a) g(0) , g(- 2) , g(5) , g(8) (b) State the value of x such that the function
is not defined
Nyatakan nilai x sehingga fungsi tersebut
tidak tertakrif
1|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

3. Solve the following.
Selesaikan yang berikut
(a) Given the function g(x) = 2x 9 . Find x4

the value of the object that maps onto (b) Given that function f(x) = . Find
itself.
3
the value of x such that f(x) = 2x.
Diberi fungsi g(x) = 2x 9 . Cari nilai
bagi objek yang memetakan kepada x4
Diberi fungsi f(x) = . Cari nilai x
dirinya sendiri. 3
sehingga f(x) = 2x .
4. For each pair of the following given function, find the composite function fg and gf .
Untuk setiap pasangan fungsi berikut, cari fungsi gubahan fg dan gf
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) f(x) = 5x 1 & g(x) = 2x + 3

f(x) = 5x & g(x) = x + 3
fg ( x ) f [g ( x )]
f(x 3)
5(x 3)
5 x 15
gf ( x ) g [f ( x )]
g (5 x )
(5 x ) 3
5 x 3
f : x 3x , g :x x 4
2
(c) 5
(d) f:x , g : x 1 2x
x

5. Given, f : x 5x and g : x 2x 4 . Find
Diberi, f : x 5x dan g : x 2x 4 . Cari
(a) fg(x) (b) gf(x)
(c) fg(4) (d) gf(- 1)
6. Determine the inverse function for given functions

Cari fungsi songsang bagi fungsi yang diberikan
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) g ( x ) = 5x 8

f(x) = 2x + 1
y 2x 1
y 1 2x
y 1
x
2
x 1
f 1
2

3x 1 (d) g : x 3 2x
(c) f:x
5
xa
7. Given that f : x , x 4 and f(7) = 4 . Find
x4
xa
Diberi f : x , x 4 dan f(7) = 4 . Cari
x4
(a) the value of a (b) the value of f 1(- 2)g x ) = 5x 8
Nilai bagi a Nilai f 1(- 2)g( x ) = 5x 8

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
1. Given the function f ( x) 4 x 1 and g ( x) 2 x 3 . Find the composite functions

Diberi fungsi f ( x) 4 x 1 dan g ( x) 2 x 3 . Cari fungsi gubahan bagi
(a) fg
(b) gf
2
(c) f ( x)
(d) g ( 1)
2
2
2. Given the function f : x x 4 and the function g : x , x 0 . Find
x
2
Diberi fungsi f : x x 4 dan fungsi g : x , x 0 . Cari
x
1
(a) the inverse function f ( x)
1
fungsi songsang f ( x)
1
(b) the value of f g (3)
1
nilai bagi f g (3)
10
3. Given the function f : x , where f (1) 5 and f (2) 10 . Find
hx k
10
Diberi f : x , dimana f (1) 5 dan f (2) 10 . Cari
hx k
(a) the value of h and k

nilai h dan k
(b) the values of x such that f(x) = x

nilai x sehinggakan f(x) = x
4. Given f(x) = px + q, f(0) = -5 and f(3) = 7. Find the value of p and q

Diberi f(x) = px + q, f(0) = -5 dan f(3) = 7. Cari nilai p dan q

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
2 QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
PERSAMAAN KUADRATIK
1. Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization.

Selesaikan persamaan kuadratik berikut menggunakan kaedah pemfaktoran.
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x 2 4x + 4 = 0
x 2 7x 8 = 0
(x8)(x+1)=0
x 8 = 0 or x + 1 = 0
x = 8 or x = -1
(c) 6x 2 + 13x 5 = 0 (d) 4x 2 13x + 3 = 0
(e) (2x 3) 2 = 49 (f) 100 9n 2 = 0
(g) 2a 2 + 4a = 0 (h) (3x + 1)(x - 1) = 7
(i) 40 3x (j) t t
x
5 2x 16 9t

2. Solve the following quadratic equations by completing the square. (Give your answers
correct to four significant figures)
Selesaikan persamaan kuadratik berikut menggunakan kaedah penyempurnaan
kuasadua. (Berikan jawapan anda tepat kepada empat angka bererti)
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x 2 3x 5 = 0
x2 + 6x 9 = 0
2x2 5x 8 = 0
x2 + 6x = 9
2 2
6 6

x2 + 6x + 2 = 9 + 2
( x + 3 )2 = 18
x+3 = 18
x+3 = 4.243
x = 4.243 3 , x = -4.243 3
x = 1.243 , x = -7.243
(c) 7 + 5x x 2 = 0 (d) m 2 = 20 4m
(e) x(x + 4) = 3 (f) k 1 2

k
3

3. Solve the following quadratic equations by using quadratic formula. (Give your answers
correct to three significant figures)
Selesaikan persamaan kuadratik berikut menggunakan rumus. (Berikan jawapan anda
tepat kepada tiga angka bererti)
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x 2 3x 5 = 0
2x 2 7x 3 = 0
a = 2 , b = -7 , c = -3
(7) (7) 2 4(2)( 3)

x
2( 2)
7 73 7 8.5440
x
4 4
x = 3.886 , -0.386
(c) 7 + 5x x 2 = 0 (d) m 2 = 20 4m
(e) x(x + 4) = 3 (f) k 1 2

k
3

4. The roots for each of the following quadratic equations are and . Find the value
of and for the following equation
Punca-punca bagi persamaan kuadratik berikut ialah and . Cari nilai bagi
and bagi persamaan berikut
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 3 2x 2 = 10x
x 2 12x + 4 = 0

12 4
(c) 3x 2 + 8x = 10 (d) 2x 2 + 3x + 4 = 0
5. Solve the following

(a) Example/ Contoh
Given that and are the roots of the quadratic equation 2x 2 + 3x + 4 = 0 . Form a
quadratic equation with roots 2 and 2.
Diberi dan adalah punca-punca bagi persamaan 2x 2 + 3x + 4 = 0 . Bentukkan
persamaan kuadratik dengan punca-punca 2 and 2.
2x 2 + 3x + 4 = 0
2 and 2.
3 SOR POR
x2 x20 2 2 2 ( 2 )
2
2( ) 4( )
3 4(2)
3 2 2
2 8
2
3
x 2 (SOR)x + (POR) = 0
x 2 (-3)x + 8 = 0
x 2 + 3x + 8 = 0

(b) Given that and are the roots of the quadratic equation 2x 2 5x 1 = 0. Form a
quadratic equation with roots 3 and 3.
Diberi dan adalah punca-punca bagi persamaan 2x 2 5x 1 = 0. Bentukkan
persamaan kuadratik dengan punca-punca 3 and 3.
(c) Given that and are the roots of the quadratic equation2x 2 3x + 4 = 0 . Form a
1 1
quadratic equation with roots and

Diberi dan adalah punca-punca bagi persamaan 2x 2 3x + 4 = 0. Bentukkan
1 1
persamaan kuadratik dengan punca-punca and

10 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

6. Calculate the discriminant for each of the following quadratic equation and then state
the type of roots for each equation.
Cari nilai pembezalayan bagi setiap yang berikut dan nyatakan jenis-jenis punca bagi
setiap persamaan
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x2 8x + 14 = 0
2x2 7x + 9 = 0
a = 2 , b = -7 , c = 9
b2 4ac = (-7)2 4(2)(9)
= 49 72
= -23
<0
no roots/ tiada punca
(c) x(3x 5) = 2x- 5 (d) 5(5 4x) = 4x2
7. Solve the following by using discriminant.

Selesaikan yang berikut dengan menggunakan pembeza layan
(a) The quadratic equation 2kx2 + 4x 3 = 0 has two equal roots , find the value of k .
Persamaan kuadratik 2kx2 + 4x 3 = 0 mempunyai dua punca yang sama , cari nilai k
(b) The quadratic equation x2 + 2kx + (k + 1)2 = 0 has real roots , find the range of values
of k.
Persamaan kuadratik x2 + 2kx + (k + 1)2 = 0 mempunyai punca punca nyata , cari julat
bagi k.

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
1. If and are the roots of equation 2x 2 5x 6 = 0 , form a quadratic

equation with roots and .
2 2
Jika dan adalah punca punca bagi persamaan 2x 2 5x 6 = 0 , bentukkan

persamaan kuadratik dengan punca-punca dan .
2 2
2. Given one of the root of the quadratic equation x 2 5kx + k = 0 is four times the
other root, find the value of k .
Diberi satu punca bagi persamaan x 2 5kx + k = 0 adalah 4 kali punca satu lagi,
cari nilai k .
3. Show that the equation x2 + m + 1 = 8x has two different roots if m < 15

Tunjukkan bahawa persamaan x2 + m + 1 = 8x mempunyai dua punca berbeza jika
m < 15
4. Show that the quadratic equation x2 + kx = 9 3k has real roots for all the value of k
Tunjukkan bahawa persamaan x2 + kx = 9 3k mempunyai punca-punca nyata
untuk semua nilai k
5. Find the possible values of m if the quadratic equation (4 2m)x2 2m = 1 3mx

has two equal roots .
Cari nilai-nilai yang mungkin bagi m jika persamaan kuadratik (4 2m)x2 2m = 1
3mx mempunyai dua punca yang sama
k
6. The equation x2 2x + = 0 has two different roots , find the range of values of k .
3
k
Persamaan x2 2x + = 0 mempunyai dua punca yang berbeza cari julat bagi
3
nilai k .

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
3 QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS
FUNGSI KUADRATIK
1. Maximum and Minimum Value of a Quadratic Functions.

Nilai Maksimum & Nilai Minimum Fungsi Kuadratik
Min/ Max Min/ Max

Corresponding
No Function value of y Point (Sketched) Graph
value of x
Bil Fungsi Nilai Min/ Titik Min/ (Lakaran) Graph
Nilai x
Maks y Max
( x 1) 2 0
1. f ( x ) ( x 1) 2 2 2 (1, 2) (1,2)
x=1
x x
O
2. g ( x ) ( x 2) 2 4
3. h( x ) ( x 1) 2 3
y
O
x
4. f ( x) x 2 0 x=0 (0, 0)
5. f ( x ) ( x 1) 2 2
6. g ( x ) ( x 2) 2 4

2. Sketching Graphs of Quadratic Functions
Lakaran Graf Fungsi Kuadratik
No. Function Function

Sketched Graph Sketched Graph
Bil. Fungsi Fungsi
Lakaran Graf Lakaran Graf
f ( x ) ( x 1) 2 2 y f ( x ) ( x 1) 2 2 y
Min. Point / Titik Min = Max.Point/ Titik Maks
(1, 2)
1. (1, 2) = (1, 2)
Axis of Symmetry / (1,2) Axis of Symmetry /
Paksi Simetri: Paksi Simetri:
O x O x
x=1 x=1
f ( x ) ( x 3) 2 1
f ( x ) ( x 2) 2 3
Max.Point /Titik Maks
Min. Point/ Titik Min
=
2. =
Axis of Symmetry /
Axis of Symmetry /
Paksi Simetri:
Paksi Simetri:
f ( x ) 3 ( x 1) 2
f ( x ) ( x 2) 2 1
Min. Point/ Titik Min =
=
3.
Axis of Symmetry /
Axis of Symmetry /
Paksi Simetri:
Paksi Simetri:
f ( x ) ( x 1) 2 4
f ( x ) ( x 3) 2
Min. Point/ Titik Min
=
4. =
Axis of Symmetry /
Axis of Symmetry /
Paksi Simetri:
Paksi Simetri:

3. f(x) = ax2 + bx + c in the form a(x+ p)2 + q : Method of COMPLETING THE SQUARE
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c dalam bentuk a(x+ p)2 + q : Kaedah PENYEMPURNAAN KUASA
DUA
1. Example/ Contoh Example/ Contoh
f ( x) x 2 4 x 5 f ( x) 2 x 2 4 x 6
2
4 4
= x 4x 5
2
2

= 2 x 2x 3
2

2 2 2 2
2 2
2

= 2 x 2 x 3
= ( x 2) 4 5
2
2 2

= ( x 2) 2 1

= 2 ( x 1) 1 3
2

= 2 ( x 1) 2
2

= 2( x 1) 2 4
2. f ( x ) x 2 5x 6 g ( x) 2 x 2 6 x 5
3. g ( x) x 2 6 x 8 h( x ) 3x 2 6 x 12
4. h( x ) x 2 4 x f ( x ) 3x 2 12 x 10

4. Questions based on SPM format
Soalan berdasarkan format SPM
EXAMPLE/ CONTOH EXERCISE/ LATIHAN

1. Express f ( x ) x 4 x 3 in the form
2
Express f ( x ) x 2 6 x 7 in the form
( x p ) 2 q ; with p and q as constants. k ( x p) 2 , k and p are constants. Hence
Hence Ungkapkan f ( x ) x 2 6 x 7 dalam bentuk
Ungkapkan f ( x ) x 2 4 x 3 dalam bentuk k ( x p) 2 ; dengan keadaan k dan p iaah
( x p ) 2 q ; dengan keadaan p dan q iaah pemboleh ubah. Seterusnya
pemboleh ubah. Seterusnya
(i) State the minimum value of f(x) (i) State the maximum value of f(x)
and the corresponding value of x, and state the coressponding value
Nyatakan nilai minimum f(x) dan of x,
nilai x Nyatakan nilai maksimum f(x) dan
(ii) Sketch the graph of y = f(x) and nilai x
state the equation of the axis of (ii) Sketch the graph of y = f(x) and
symmetry. state the equation of the axis of
Lakarkan graf y = f(x) dan symmetry.
nyatakan persamaan paksi simetri. Lakarkan graf y = f(x) dan
nyatakan persamaan paksi simetri.
Answers / Jawapan :
a = 1 ( > 0)
f ( x) x 2 4 x 3
4 4
2 2
= x 4x
2
3
2 2
= ( x 2) 2 1
(i) Minimum value of f ( x ) 1 ,

when x 2
Nilai Minimum f ( x ) 1
apabila x 2
(ii)
y
3
x
2
O (2, -1)
Equation of axis of symmetry / Persamaan
paksi simetri : x 2
5. Quadratic Inequalities

Ketaksamaan Kuadratik
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) Find the range of x which satisfy the
inequality ( x 2) 2 x 2
Solve x 4 x 3
2
Cari Julat x yang memenuhi
Selesaikan x 4 x 3
2 ketaksamaan
( x 2) 2 x 2
x2 4x 3 0
( x 1)( x 3) 0
y=f(x)
x
1 3
1 x 3
Given f ( x ) 9 x 2 4 . Find the range of Solve the inequality x x 6 0

2
x for which f(x) is positive. Selesaikan ketaksamaan

Diberi f ( x ) 9 x 2 4 . Cari Julat x x2 x 6 0
apabila f(x) adalah positif.
Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda

1. If f(x) = 7 bx x2 = 16 (x + p) 2 for all values of x and both b and p is positives,
find:
Jika f(x) = 7 bx x2 = 16 (x + p) 2 untuk semua nilai x dan kedua dua b dan p
adalah positif, cari:
(a) The values of b and p
Nilai-nilai b dan p
(b) The turning point for graph f(x).
Titik pusingan untuk f(x).
(c) The ranges of values of x which satisfies f(x) 0
Julat untuk nilai x yang memenuhi ketaksamaan f(x) 0
2. Sketch the graph of f(x) = 6 + x x2 for the domain 3 < x < 4 and determine the
symmetrical axis. Hence, find the corresponding ranges for the graph.
Lakarkan graf of f(x) = 6 + x x2 untuk domain 3 < x < 4 dan tentukan paksi
simetri. Seterusnya, Caru julat untuk graf.
3. Given the function of f(x) = 6x 1 3x2.

Diberi fungsi f(x) = 6x 1 3x2.
(a) Express the quadratic function in the form of f(x) = q + a(x + p) 2 , where a, q, and
p are constants. Determine whether the function has minimum or maximum
values. Hence, state the value
Nyatakan fungsi kuadratik tersebut dalam bentuk f(x) = q + a(x + p) 2 , dimana q,
a, and p pemalar. Tentukan sama ada fungsi tersebut mempunyai nilai minimum
atau maksimum. Seterusnya, nyatakan nilainya.
(b) Sketch the graph for function f(x)
Lakarkan graf untuk fungsi f(x)
(c) Find the ranges of values of m if the equation 6x 4 3x2 = m has two different
roots.
Cari julat bagi nilai-nilai m jika persamaan 6x 4 3x2 = m mempunyai dua
punca berbeza.
4. Determine the ranges of values of m if the quadratic equation x2 +(m 1)x = 1 m

has two different roots.
Tentukan julat bagi nilai m jika persamaan x2 +(m 1)x = 1 m mempunyai dua
punca berbeza.

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
4 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS
PERSAMAAN SERENTAK
1. Solve each of the following

Selesaikan persamaan serentak berikut
(a) Example/ Contoh (b)

2x y = 1
x y 3 9x2 2y2 + 9 = 0
x2 y 2 29
x y 3 ...............[ 1]
x y 29 ...............[ 2 ]
2 2
From [ 1] : y 3 x ................[ 3 ]
Substitute [ 3 ] int o [ 2 ] :
x 2 3 x 29
2
x 2 3 x 3 x 29 0
x 2 9 6 x x 2 29 0
2 x 2 6 x 20 0
x 2 3 x 10 0
x 5 x 2 0
x 5 0 or x 2 0
x5 x 2
From [ 3 ] , y 3 x
y 35 y 3 2
y 2 y5

(c) (d)
x + 2y = 2 x+y=6
1 2 2 5
5 3
x y x y


pm=2
x y 5 p2 + 2m = 8
x2 2 xy y 2 13
x y 5 .........[ 1]
x 2 xy y 13 ...........[ 2 ]
2 2
From [ 1], y 5 x ..........[ 3 ]

Substitute [ 3 ] int o [ 2 ]
x 2 2 x 5 x 5 x 13
2
x 2 10 x 2 x 2 25 10 x x 2 13 0
4 x 2 20 x 12 0
x2 5x 3 0
5 52 4 1 3
x
2 1
5 13
x
2
x 4.303 or x 0.6972
From [ 3 ], y 5 4.303 y 5 0.6972
y 0.6970 y 4.303

(c) (d)
kh=2 x 4y = 9
k + 2h2 = 9
2
x
3y2 = 7
2


4x + 2y = x2 + xy 4x = 2
2 x y x2 xy y 2 7
2 x y x 2 xy y 2 7
2x y 7 ...........[ 1]
x xy y 7
2 2
...........[ 2 ]
From [ 1], y 7 2x ...........[ 3 ]
Substitute [ 3 ] int o[ 2 ]
x2 x 7 2 x 7 2 x 7
2
x 2 7 x 2 x 2 49 28 x 4 x 2 7 0
7 x 2 35 x 42 0
x2 5x 6 0
x 2 x 3 0
x 2 0 or x 3 0
x2 x3
From [ 3 ], y 7 2 2 y 7 2 3
y3 y 1
(c) (d)
x2 y + y2 = 2x +2y = 10 4x + y + 8 = x2 + x y = 2

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
x 2
1. Solve the simultaneous equations 4 and x + 6y = 3
3 y
x 2
Selesaikan persamaan serentak 4 and x + 6y = 3
3 y
6y x
2. Solve the simultaneous equations 2x + 3y = 9 and 1
x y
6y x
Selesaikan persamaan serentak 2x + 3y = 9 and 1
x y
y
3. Given the curve y2 = 8(1 x) and the straight line = 4. Without plotting a graph,
x
calculate the intersection points for both graphs.
y
Diberi lengkung y2 = 8(1 x) dan garis lurus = 4. Tanpa memplot graf, Cari titik
x
persilangan untuk kedua dua graf
4. Given that P = 2x y , Q = 3x + 1 and R = xy 8 . Find the values of x and y

such that 2P = Q = R
Diberi P = 2x y , Q = 3x + 1 dan R = xy 8 . Cari nilai x dan y sehinggakan
2P = Q = R
5. Solve the simultaneous equations a b = 2 and a2 + 2b = 8 . Give your answers

correct to four decimal places.
Selesaikan persamaan serentak a b = 2 and a2 + 2b = 8 . Berikan jawapan anda
dalam empat tempat perpuluhan.

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
INDICES AND LOGARITHMS
5 INDEKS DAN LOGARITMA
1. Simplify each of the following

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 52 n 53n

a 2 a5 a 2 5
a7
(c) (d) 1
x6
x2
a b
4 12 4
(e) 16 2n4 (f) 1 1

32 5 125 3
2. Prove that
Buktikan bahawa
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 3n 3n1 3n 2 is divisible by 13 for all

positive integers of n.
4 n1 4 n 3 4 n1 is divisible by 17
3n 3n1 3n 2 boleh dibahagi tepat
for all positive integers of n .
dengan 13 untuk semua integer positif
4 4 n 3 4 n1 boleh dibahagi tepat
n 1
n.
dengan 17 untuk integer positif n .
4n
4n g41 4n 3g 1
4
3
4n (4 1 )
4
17 n
g4
4
17(4n1 )
17(4n-1) is divisible by 17.
17(4n-1) boleh dibahagi tepat dengan
17.

3. Express each of the following in terms of log a , log b and/or log c .
Nyatakan yang berikut dalam sebutan log a , log b dan/atau log c

3 2
log a b
log ab = log a + log b
(c)
(d) ab
3
log ab2 log
c
(e) a2 (f) m2 a3
log a log m
b b
4. Write each of the following expressions as single logarithm.

Nyatakan ungkapan berikut dalam bentuk logaritma tunggal
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 3 lg 2 + 2 lg 3 2 lg 6
log 3 + log 25 = log 3 + log 5

= log 15
(c) log 2 x + log 2 y 2 (d) lg 6 + 2 lg 4 lg 8
(e) 1 (f) log a x + log a y 1

3 lg x lg y4 + 2
2

5. Given that log2 a = b. Without using the calculator, express the following in terms of b
Diberi log2 a = b. Tanpa menggunakan kalkulator, nyatakan ungkapan berikut dalam
sebutan b
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) log 16 a
log2 16
loga 16
log2 a
log2 24

log2 a
4log2 2 4

log2 a b
(c) log 4 a (d) log a 32a
5. Solve the following equations

Selesaikan persamaan berikut
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) Example/ Contoh
3x = 81 2x = 3
x lg 2 lg 3
3 x 34
lg 3
x4 x 1.58
lg 2
(c) 9x+1 = 3 (d) 42x+1 = 7
(e) 9x. 3x-1 = 81 (f) 2 x .3 x = 18

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
2 x 1
1. Solve the equation 4 7x
2 x 1
Selesaikan persamaan 4 7x
2. Solve the equation 32 48 x 6

4x
8 x 6
Selesaikan persamaan 32 4
4x
3. Given that log 5 2 m and log 5 7 p , express log 5 4.9 in terms of m and p.
Diberi log 5 2 m dan log 5 7 p , nyatakan log 5 4.9 dalam sebutan m dan p.
4. Solve the equation log 3 4 x log 3 (2 x 1) 1 .

Selesaikan persamaan log 3 4 x log 3 (2 x 1) 1 .
5. Solve the equation 2 x 4 2 x 3 1 .

Selesaikan persamaan 2 x 4 2 x 3 1 .
27 m
6. Given that log m 2 p and log m 3 r , express log m in terms of p and r .
4
27 m
Diberi log m 2 p dan log m 3 r , nyatakan log m dalam sebutan p dan r .
4
2 x 3 1
7. Solve the equation 8
4x2
2 x 3 1
Selesaikan persamaan 8
4x2
8. Given that log 2 xy 2 3log 2 x log 2 y , express y in terms of x.

Diberi log 2 xy 2 3log 2 x log 2 y , nyatakan y dalam sebutan x.

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
6 GEOMETRI KOORDINAT
1. Solve the following equations involving distance between the following points
Cari jarak antara titik yang berikut
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) R (3, -2) and S (8,10)
P (2,5) and Q (6, 8)
PQ ( x2 x1 )2 ( y 2 y1 )2
(6 2)2 (8 5)2
5
(c) Find the value of and q if A (p, 3) and B (-4, -1) and AB = 5
Find the value of and q if A (p, 3) and B (-4, -1) and AB = 5
AB ( x2 x1 )2 ( y 2 y1 )2
(e) Find the possible values of a if the distance between points R (-1, -3) and S (a, 2) is
50 units.
Cari nilai-nilai a yang mungkin jika jarak antara titik R (-1, -3) dan S (a, 2) ialah 50
units.

2. Solve the following equations involving midpoint between two given points
Selesaikan yang berikut yang melibatkan titik tengah antara dua titik
T (6, -8) and V (-4, 4) C (-4,6) and D (2, -10)
x2 x1 y 2 y1
2 , 2

6 ( 4) 8 4
,
2 2
1, 2
(c) The coordinates of points A and B are (-4,3) and (x,y) respectively. Point C(-1,2) is the
midpoint of AB. Find the values of x and y.
Koordinat A dan B masing masing ialah (-4,3) dan (x,y. Titik C(-1,2) adalah titik tengah
AB. Cari nilai x dan y.
(e) The coordinates of points C and D are (5,-2) and (x,y) respectively. Point X(1,8) is the
midpoint of CD. Find the values of x and y.
Koordinat C dan D masing masing ialah (-4,3) dan (x,y. Titik X(-1,2) adalah titik
tengah CD. Cari nilai x dan y.

3. Solve the following equations involving division of a line segment
Selesaikan yang berikut yang melibatkan pembahagi tembereng garis
A (-7, 5) B (2, -1) ratio/ nisbah: 1:2 A (3, 5) B (-12, 0) ratio/ nisbah: 3:2
nx2 mx1 ny 2 my1

,
2 2
2( 7) 1(2) 2(5) 1( 1)
,
1 2 1 2
4,3
(c) The points B and C have coordinates (-7,2) and (x,y). Point P(1,6) divides the line BC
internally in the ratio 4:1. Find the coordinates of C.
Titik-titik B dan C masing-masing mempunyai koordinat (-7,2) and (x,y). Titik P(1,6)
membahagi tembereng garis BC dengan nisbah 4:1. Cari koordinat titik C.
.
(e) Q(-3,-2) is a point dividing the line segment joining two points R(9,1) and S(-6,-3)
intenally in the ratio of m:n. Find m:n.
Q(-3,-2) adalah titik yang membahagi tembereng garis yang menyambung dua titik
R(9,1) and S(-6,-3) dalam nisbah m:n. Cari m:n.

4. Solve the following equations involving area of polygins
Selesaikan yang berikut yang melibatkan luas polygon
(a) Example/ Contoh
A (-4, 2), B (-3, 6), C (6, 4) and D (2, 1)

y
1 4 3 6 2 4
B
2 2 6 4 1 2
C
1
24 12 6 4 6 36 8 4
A 2
1
26 34
D 2
x 30unit 2
0
(b) A (6, 5), B (-1, 4), C (-2, 1), D (5, 2)

Find the area of polygon ABCD
Cari luas poligon ABCD
(c) The vertices of quadrilateral PQRS are P (5, 2), Q (a, 2a), R (4, 7) and S (7, 3). Given
that the area of quadrilateral PQRS is 12 unit2, find the possible values of a.
Bucu-bucu sisiempat PQRS adalah P (5, 2), Q (a, 2a), R (4, 7) and S (7, 3). Diberi luas
sisiempat PQRS ialah 12 unit2, Cari nilai nilai yang mungkin bagi a.
(d) Show that points A (-8, 1), B (-4, 5) and C (-2, 7) are collinear.
Tunjukkan bahawa A (-8, 1), B (-4, 5) and C (-2, 7) adalah segaris.

5. Solve the following equations involving parallel and perpendicular line
Selesaikan yang berikut yang melibatkan garis selari dan berserenjang
(a) Example/ Contoh
Find the equation of a straight line that passes through point (2, 3) and is parallel to the
straight line 2y 6x = 9.
Cari persamaan garis lurus yang melalui titik (2, 3) dan selari dengan garis lurus 2y
6x = 9.
2y 6x =9 y - y1 = m(x x1)
2y = 6x + 9 y 3 = 3 (x 2)
9 y 3 = 3x 6
y = 3x + y = 3x 3
2
m= 3
(b) Find the equation of a straight line that passes through point (1, -2) and is parallel to the straight
line 2y 3x + 4 = 0.
Cari persamaan garis lurus yang melalui titik (1,-2) dan selari dengan garis lurus 2y
3x+4=0.
(c) Example/ Contoh
Find the equation of a straight line that passes through point (1, -5) and is
perpendicular to the straight line 3y 2x = 4.
Cari persamaan garis lurus yang melalui titik (1, -5) dan berserenjang dengan garis
lurus 3y 2x = 4.
3y 2x = 4 y - y1 = m(x x1)
3y = 2x + 4 y 3 = 3 (x 2)
y = 2/3 x + 4/3 y 3 = 3x 6
y = 3x 3
m1 = 2/3 m2 = -3/2
(d) Find the equation of a straight line that passes through passes through point (3, 4) and
is perpendicular to the straight line 2y + x + 3 = 0.
Cari persamaan garis lurus yang melalui titik (3, 4) dan berserenjang dengan garis
lurus 2y + x + 3= 0.

6. Solve the following equations involving loci.
Selesaikan yang berikut yang melibatkan lokus.
(a) Example/ Contoh

A point P moves such that its distance from a fixed point A (2, 1) is 3 units. Find the
equation of the locus of P.
Titik P bergerak dengan keadaan jaraknya dari satu titik tetap A(2, 1) ialah 3 unit. Cari
persamaan lokus P
Let P (x, y), PA = 3.

(x - 2) 2 (y - 1) 2 3
(x 2)2 + (y 1)2 = 9
x2 4x + 4 + y2 2y 4 = 0
x2 + y2 4x 2y 4 = 0.
(b) A point P moves such that its distance from a fixed point A (-3, -1) is 5 units. Find the
Titik P bergerak dengan keadaan jaraknya dari satu titik tetap A(-3, -1) ialah 5 unit.
Cari persamaan lokus P.
(c) Example/ Contoh

A point P moves such that it is equidistant from points A (2, -1) and B (3, 2). Find the
Titik P bergerak dengan keadaan jaraknya dari satu titik tetap A(2, 1) ialah 3 unit. Cari
persamaan lokus
Let P (x, y), PA = PB.

9x - 22 y 12 x 32 y 22
x2 4x -4 + y2 + 2y + 1 = x2 6x + 9 + y2 4y + 4
2x + 6y = 8
x + 3y = 4
(d) A point P moves such that its distance from two fixed points R (-1, 4) and S (1, 3) is in
the ratio 1:2. Find the equation of the locus P.
Titik P bergerak dengan keadaan jarak dari dua titik tetap R(-1, 4) dan S(1, 3) dama
nisbah 1:2. Cari persamaan lokus P.

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
1. Solve the If M is a point on the straight line AB such that AM = BM, find the
coordinates of point B if the coordinates of points A and M are (-3, 1) and (1, 4)
respectively.
Nilai M terletak pada garis AB sehinggakan AM = BM, Cari koordinat bagi A and M
are (-3, 1) and (1, 4) masing-masing.
2. T(m, 1) is a point dividing the line segment joining two points Q(4, 3) and R(-5, 0)
internally in the ratio m: n. Find
T(m, 1) ialah satu titik yang membahagi tembereng garis yang dihubungkan oleh dua
titik Q(4, 3) and R(-5, 0), Cari
a) m: n
b) the value of m.
Nilai bagi m
3. The vertices of quadrilateral BCDE are B(5, 2), C(a, 2a), D(4, 7) and E(7, 3). Given
that the area of quadrilateral BCDE is 12 unit2, find the possible values of a.
Bucu bucu bagi sebuah sisempat BCDE ialah B(5, 2), C(a, 2a), D(4, 7) dan E(7, 3).
Diberi luas BCDE ialah 12 unit2cari nilai nilai yang mungkin bagi a.
4. The coordinates of points P and Q are (-3, -2) and (5, 4) respectively. Find the
equation of the perpendicular bisector of PQ.
Koordinat titik P dan Q masing masing ialah (-3, -2) dan (5, 4). Cari persamaan
pembahagi dua sama serenjang bagi PQ.
5. A straight line x + ky = 10 is perpendicular to the straight line y 4x = 28. Find

Persamaan garis lurus x + ky = 10 berserenjang dengan garis lurus y 4x = 28. Cari
a) The value of k.
Nilai bagi k.
b) The point of intersection of the two lines.
Titik persilangan kedua dua garis tersebut.
6. A point P moves such that its distance from points A(0, -2) and B(0, 3) is in the ratio of
2:3.
Titik P bergerak sehingga jarak dari titik A(0, -2) dan B(0, 3) dalam nisbah 2:3.
a) Show that the equation of the locus P is x2 + y2 + 12y = 0.

Tunjukkan bahawa lokus P ialah x2 + y2 + 12y = 0.
b) Show that point C(3, -3) does not lie on the locus of P.
Tunjukkan bahawa titik C(3, -3) tidak bersilang dengan lokus P.

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
STATISTICS
7 STATISTIK
Solve the following.

Example/ Contoh
A set of eight numbers has a mean of 11.
Satu set lapan nombor mempunyai min 11.
(a) Find / Cari .
(b) When a number k is added to this set, the new mean is 10. Find the value of k.
Apabila nombor k ditambah ke dalam set itu, min yang baru ialah 10. Cari nilai k.
Solution / Penyelesaian :
+
(a) Mean, = = 11 (b) 8+1
= 10
8
Min, = 88
88 +
= 10
9
88 + = 90
=2
Question / Soalan 1 :
1. A set of six numbers has a mean of 16.
Satu set enam nombor mempunyai min 16.
(a) Find / Cari .
(b) When a number m is added to this set, the new mean is 12. Find the value of m.
Apabila nombor m ditambah ke dalam set itu, min yang baru ialah 12. Cari nilai m.
Question / Soalan 2 :
2. A set of four numbers has a mean of 17.
Satu set empat nombor mempunyai min 17.
(a) Find / Cari .
(b) When a number h is added to this set, the new mean is 19. Find the value of m.
Apabila nombor h ditambah ke dalam set itu, min yang baru ialah 19. Cari nilai h.

Example/ Contoh
Table 1 shows the distribution of the lengths of 30 fish caught by Amin in a day.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan taburan bagi panjang 30 ekor ikan yang telah ditangkap oleh Amin
sehari.
Length (cm)/ 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44
Panjang (cm)
5 3 9 7 6
Number of fish /
Bilangan ikan
Table 1 / Jadual 1
Find the mean length of the fish.

Cari panjang min ikan tersebut.
Length (cm)/ Midpint Frequency

Panjang (cm) Titik tengah Kekerapan fx
x f
20 - 24 22 5 110
25 - 29 27 3 81
30 - 34 32 9 288
35 - 39 37 7 259
40 - 44 42 6 252
= 30 = 990
990
Mean / min , =
= 30
= 33
Or / Atau
22(5)+27(3)+32(9)+37(7)+42(6)
Mean / min , = 5+3+9+7+6
990
= 30

Question 3 / Soalan 3 :
Table 3 shows the distribution of the sizes of 66 prawns caught by Bala in a day.
Jadual 3 menunjukkan taburan bagi size 66 ekor udang yang telah ditangkap oleh Bala
sehari.
Size (cm)/ 22 - 24 25 - 27 28 - 30 31 - 33 34 - 36
Saiz (cm)
Number of
9 27 11 15 4
prawns /
Bilangan udang
Table 3 / Jadual 3
Find the mean sizes of the prawns.
Cari saiz min udang tersebut.

Example / Contoh
The mean of the set of numbers 3, 2n + 1, 4n, 14, 17, 19 which are arranged in ascending
order is q. If the median for the set of numbers is 13, find the value of
Min bagi set nombor 3, 2n + 1, 4n, 14, 17, 19 yang disusun secara menaik ialah q. Jika
median set nombor tersebut ialah 13, cari nilai bagi
(a) n,
(b) q.
(a) 3, 2n + 1, 4n, 14, 17, 1

4+14
2
= 13
4 + 14 = 26
n=3
(b) New set of the numbers, / Set nombor yang baru , = 3, 7, 12, 14, 17, 19
3+7+12+14+17+19
Mean / min , = 6
=q
72
=
6
q = 12
Question 5/ Soalan 5:
The mean of the set of numbers ; 3, 2m + 2, 4m, 14, 16, 20 which are arranged in
ascending order is p. If the median for the set of numbers is 13, find the value of
Min bagi set nombor; 3, 2m + 2, 4m, 14, 16, 20 yang disusun secara menaik ialah p. Jika
(a) m,
(b) p.
The mean of the set of numbers ; 4, 6, 4m, 8, 4m+2, 14 which are arranged in ascending
order is r. If the median for the set of numbers is 14, find the value of
Min bagi set nombor; 4, 6, 3m, 8, 4m+2, 14 yang disusun secara menaik ialah r. Jika
(a) m,
(b) r.

Example/ Contoh
Table 2 shows the distribution of marks obtained by 56 students in a test.

Jadual 2 menunjukkan taburan markah yang diperolehi oleh 56 pelajar dalam satu ujian.
Marks /Markah 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 59 60 69
Number of Students / 4 20 16 10 6
Bilangan pelajar
Table 2/ Jadual 2
Find / Cari,
(a) the midpoint of the modal class,
titik tengah kelas mod,
(b) the mean marks of the distribution.

markah min taburan itu.
(a) Modal class/ Kelas Mod = 30 - 39

30+39
Midpoint of the modal class / titik tengah kelas mod =
2
= 34.5
(b)
Number of Students
Mid point x Number of
Marks Mid point / Titik / Bilangan pelajar
students / Titik tengah x
/Markah tengah (x) (f)
bilangan pelajar
fx
20 - 29 24.5 4 98
30 - 39 34.5 20 690
40 - 49 44.5 16 712
50 59 54.5 10 545
60 69 64.5 6 387
= 56 = 2432

Mean / Min =
2432
= 56 = 43.43

Table 3 shows the distribution of marks obtained by 45 students in a test.
Jadual 3 menunjukkan taburan markah yang diperolehi oleh 45 pelajar dalam satu ujian.
Marks /Markah 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 59 60 69
Number of Students / 6 10 12 4 13
Bilangan pelajar
Table 3/ Jadual 3
Find / Cari,
(a) the midpoint of the modal class,
titik tengah kelas mod,
(b) the mean marks of the distribution.
markah min taburan itu.

Example/ Contoh
A set of 5 numbers, y1 , y 2 , y3 , y 4 and y5 , has a mean of 6 and a variance of 4. For the
set of data 3 y1 1, 3 y 2 1, 3 y3 1, 3 y 4 1 and 3y5 +1 , calculate
Satu set lima nombor, y1 , y 2 , y3 , y 4 dan y5 mempunyai min 6 dan varian ialah 4. Bagi set
data 3 y1 1, 3 y 2 1, 3 y3 1, 3 y 4 1 dan 3y5 +1 ,hitung
(a) the mean / min ,

(b) the variance / varians .
Solutions / Penyelesaian :
(a) New mean / Min baharu = 6 x3 + 1 ,

= 19
(b) New variance / Varians baharu = 4 x 32
= 36
A set of 5 numbers, y1 , y 2 , y3 , y 4 and y5 , has a mean of 5 and a variance of 4. For the set of data
2 y1 1 , 2 y 2 1 , 2 y 3 1 , 2 y 4 1 and 2y5 +1 , calculate
Satu set lima nombor, y1 , y 2 , y3 , y 4 dan y5 mempunyai min 5 dan varian ialah 4. Bagi set data
2 y1 1 , 2 y 2 1 , 2 y 3 1 , 2 y 4 1 dan 2y5 +1 ,hitung
a) the mean / min ,
b) the variance / varians .
A set of 5 numbers, y1 , y 2 , y3 , y 4 and y5 , has a mean of 10 and a variance of 6. For the set of
data 3 y1 1 , 3 y 2 1 , 3 y 3 1 , 3 y 4 1 and 3y5 -1 , calculate
Satu set lima nombor, y1 , y 2 , y3 , y 4 dan y5 mempunyai min 10 dan varian ialah 6. Bagi set data
3 y1 1 , 3 y 2 1 , 3 y 3 1 , 3 y 4 1 dan 3y5- 1 ,hitung
a) the mean / min ,
b) the variance / varians .

Example/ Contoh
The mean of a set of data 2m 3,8, m 1 is 7. Find

Min bagi set data 2m 3,8, m 1 ialah 7. Cari
a) the value of m,
nilai m,
b) the new mean if each of the data is multiplied by 3.
min baru jika setiap data didarab dengan 3.
Solutions / Penyelesaian :
23+8++1
(a) Mean/ min = 3
=7
3m + 6 = 7 x 3
3m = 21 6
15
m= 3 =5
(b) New mean / min baru = 7 x 3 = 21
Question 10 / Soalan 10:

The mean of a set of data m 2,7,2m 1 is 8. Find
Min bagi set data m 2,7,2m 1 ialah 8. Cari
a) the value of m,
nilai m,
Question 11 / Soalan 11:

The mean of a set of data 2m 1,4m,5 is 10. Find
Min bagi set data 2m 1,4m,5 ialah 10. Cari
a) the value of m,
nilai m,

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
8 CIRCULAR MEASURE
SUKATAN MEMBULAT
1. Convert the following angles from radians to degrees

Tukarkan sudut berikut daripada radian kepada darjah.

rad 0.25 rad
4 180
180 = 0.25 x
= x
4
= 450 = 14019
Notes : =
(c) 1.8 rad (d) 1.6 rad.
(e) rad (f) 3

4
rad
(g) 1.2 rad (h) 3.25 rad

2. Convert the following angles from degrees to radians. Give your answers in terms of
Tukarkan sudut berikut daripada darjah kepada radian. Berikan jawapan anda dalam
sebutan
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 1400
250

= 250 x 180
5
= 36 rad
Notes : =
(c) 300 (d) 1200
(e) 1250 (f) 1550
3. Convert the following angles to radians. Give your answers correct to three decimals
places.
Tukarkan sudut berikut kepada radian. Berikan jawapan anda betul kepada tiga
tempat perpuluhan.
250 140 15

= 250 x 180 = 140 15 x 180
= 0.436 rad = 0.249 rad
(c) 300 (d) 1200
(e) a. 2240 (f) 45043

3. Solve the following problems
Selesaikan masalah berikut
(a) Example (b) An arc with a length of 10 cm subtends

Contoh an angle of 105 at the centre of a circle.
Find the diameter of the circle.
An arc with a length of 18 cm subtends Suatu lengkok dengan panjang 10 cm
an angle of 155 at the centre of a circle. mencakupi sudut 105 pada pusat suatu
Find the diameter of the circle. bulatan. Carikan diameter bulatan itu
Suatu lengkok dengan panjang 18 cm
mencakupi sudut 155 pada pusat suatu
bulatan. Carikan diameter bulatan itu
O
1050
o
1550 10 cm
18 cm
Solution
Penyelesaian
Angle subtended = 155

Sudut yang dicakupi

= 155 180
= 2.705 rad.
Length of arc, s = r
Panjang lengkok
18 = r 2.705
r= 18
2.705
= 6.654 cm
Diameter of circle = 2r
Diameter bulatan
= 2 6.654
= 13.308 cm

(c) Example (d) Diagram 2 shows two arcs, JN and KM,
Contoh of two concentric circles with centre O
and having radius OJ and OK.
Diagram 1 shows two arcs, PS and QR, Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua lengkok, JN
of two concentric circles with centre O dan KM, bagi dua bulatan sepusat yang
and having radius OP and OQ. mempunyai jejari OJ dan OK
Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua lengkok, PS
dan QR, bagi dua bulatan sepusat yang
mempunyai jejari OP dan OQ.
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Diagram 1
Rajah 1 Find
Find Carikan
Carikan (a) the angle , in radian.
(a) the angle , in radian. sudut , dalam radian.
sudut , dalam radian. (b) the perimeter of the shaded region,
(b) the perimeter of the shaded region, JKMN.
PQRS. perimeter rantau berlorek, JKMN.
perimeter rantau berlorek, PQRS.
Solution
Penyelesaian
(a) Length of arc QR = r

1 = (9 + 11)
1
= 20
= 0.05 rad.
(b) Length of arc PS = r

= 9 0.05
= 0.45 cm
(c)
Perimeter of the shaded region

= 1 + 0.45 + 11 + 11
= 23.45 cm

Example
Contoh
Diagram 3 shows a sector of a circle with centre O and radius 12 cm. The length of the
chord AB is 12 cm.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sektor bulatan yang berpusat O dan mempunyai jejari 12 cm.
Panjang perentas AB ialah 12 cm.
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
Find
Carikan
(a) AOB in radians,
AOB dalam radian,
(b) the area of the shaded region.

luas rantau berlorek.
Solution
Penyelesaian
(a) 1
(b) Area of sector AOB = 2 r2
1
= 2 (12)2(1.0474)
= 75.41 cm2
OC = 122 62
= 10.39 cm
6 Area of triangle OAB
sin AOC = 12 = 0.5
1
AOC = 30 = 2 10.39 12
= 62.34 cm2
= 30 180
Area of the shaded region
= 0.5237 rad. = 75.41 62.34
AOB = 2 0.5237 = 13.07 cm2
= 1.0474 rad.

Diagram 4 shows the sector OAB of a circle with centre O.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan sektor OAB pada satu bulatan yang berpusat O.
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
Find
Carikan
(a) the angle in radians,

sudut dalam radian,
(b) the area of the shaded region.
luas rantau berlorek.

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
1. Diagram shows a sector AOB with center O.

Rajah menunjukkan sektor AOB dengan pusat O
A
O B
R S
The length of the arc AB is 7.24 cm and the perimeter of the sector AOB is 25 cm. Find
the value of , in rad.
Panjang lenkok AB ialah 7.24 cm dan perimeter sektor AOB ialah 25 cm. Cari nilai
bagi , dalam radian
2. Diagram shows a circle with center O.

Rajah menunjukkan bulatan berpusatkan O
Given that the length of the major arc AB is 45.51 cm, find the length, in cm, of the
radius.( = 3.142 )
Diberi panjang lengkok major AB ialah 45.51 cm, cari panjang jejari, dalam cm.
( = 3.142 )

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
9 DIFFERENTIATION
PEMBEZAAN
1. Evaluate the following limits.

Nilaikan had yang berikut
1 1 x 2
lim x2 x x
x 0 x 2 0 2 lim lim
x 2x x 2x
1 x

2
1 2
lim x
x 2
1 2
1
2 2
(c) x2 4 (d) 3x 1
lim 2 lim
x 2 x 5x 6 x 4x
(e) x2 x 2 (f) lim 3x 2 6 x x

lim 2 x 0
x 1 x 2x 1
(g) 1 (h) 1
lim lim
x0 x x x0 x x x

2. Differentiate each of the following functions:.
Bezakan setiap fungsi yang berikut:
y 2x 3 1 1
f (x) 1
x x2
dy
(2 3) x 3 1
dx f ( x ) 1 x 1 x 2
6x 4 f '( x ) x 11 ( 2 x 3 1 )
x 2 2 x 4
1 2
2 4
x x
(c) y = 4x 3 (d) 1 4
y= x 4x 2 9
2
(e) y = 3 (f) y (2 3x) 2

8
4x
2t 2 9
3
(g) y = 3 (h)
x
v=
t

3. Differentiate each of the following functions:.
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) y = (6 4x2)3
y=(2x3 + 5)6
dy
6(2 x 3 5)5 (6 x 2 )
dx
36 x 2 (2 x 3 5)5
(c) 6
(d) 2
f (x) = 1 x 3 9 y =
3 5x 1
(e) y = 5 6 x 3 2 (f) v= 1
(4t 6)3

4. Differentiate each of the following functions:
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) y = 2x3 ( 2 x5)
y (3x 2 2)(2x 1)
u 3x 2 2 v 2x 1
du dv
6x 2
dx dx
dy dv du
u v
dx dx dx
(3 x 2 2)(2) (2 x 1)(6 x )
(c) y = x2 (x + 1)4 (d) (2x + 1) (x + 3)3
(e) y = x2 (4-3x )2 (f) y = (4x +7) (3x2 5)

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 5x

y=
x3
3x 2 2
y
2x 1
u 3x 2 2 v 2x 1
du dv
6x 2
dx dx
du dv
vu
dy dx dx

dx v2
dy (2x 1)(6 x ) (3 x 2 2)(2)

dx (2x 1)2
(c) x2 3 (d)
f (x) = (1 3x )
4
y=
7 x2 5x 2
2x 5
y = (3 x )
(e) (f) 2
f (x) =
( x 1) 3 x 1

(a) Example/ Contoh
Given that P( 1 , 4 ) is a point on a curve y = 6 + 5x -7x2. Find

Diberi P( 1 , 4 ) ialah satu titik pada lengkung y = 6 + 5x -7x2. Cari
(i) the gradient of tangent and the gradient of normal at point P.

kecerunan tangen dan kecerunan normal pada titik P.
(ii) the equation of tangent and the equation of normal at point P.

persamaan tangen dan persamaan normal pada titik P.
dy By using y y1 = m1 (x x1 )
5 14x
dx Dengan menggunakan y y1 = m1 (x
x1 )
Substitute x=1
Gantikan nilai x=1
Equation of tangent,
dy Persamaan tangent,
5 14 (1) 9 y = - 9x + 13
dx
Equation of normal,
mtan gent 9 Persamaan normal,
By using m1 m 2 = 1
Dengan menggunakan m1 m 2 = 1 y
1
x
15
9 4
1
m normal
9
(b) Given that P(1,7) is a point on curve y = 3x2 x + 5 . Find
Diberi P(1,7) ialah satu titik pada lengkung y = 3x2 x + 5 . Cari
(i) the gradient of tangent and the gradient of normal at point P.

kecerunan tangen dan kecerunan normal pada titik P.
(ii) the equation of tangent and the equation of normal at point P

persamaan tangen dan persamaan normal pada titik P.

7. Find the (i) turning point, (ii) determine the maximum or minimum point, (iii)max/min
value, from the following curve equations.
Cari (i) titik pusingan, (ii) tentukan titik minimum atau titik maksimum, (iii) nilai
maksimum atau minimum dari persamaan lengkung yang berikut.
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) y = 4 + 8x -x2
y = x2 +2x + 3
dy
2x 2
dx
dy
0, 2 x 2 0
dx
x 1, y=2(-1)+2=0
Turning point, (-1,0)
d 2y
2 0 minimum point
dx 2
Therefore (-1,0) is minimum point and

0 is minimum value
(c) y = 2x3+6x2 -1 (d) y = x3 -12x +1

8. Solve each of the following:
Selesaikan setiap yang berikut:
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) Given y=x3 - 4x +5 and x increases at

the rate of 2 unit s-1 when x= 4, find the
Given y=x2 + 4x +3 and the rate of rate of change of y.
change of x is 0.5 unit s-1 when x= 2, Diberi y=x3 - 4x +5 dan x meningkat
find the rate of change of y. pada kadar2 unit s-1 apabila x= 4, cari
Diberi y=x2 + 4x +3 dan kadar kadar perubahan bagi y.
perubahan bagi x adalah 0.5 unit s-1
apabila x= 2, cari kadar perubahan bagi
y.
dy dy dx

dt dx dt
dy
2x 4
dx
dy
x 2, 2(2) 4 8
dx
dy
8 0.5 4
dt
4 unit s-1
(c) The radius of a circle increases at the (d) The radius of a sphere decreases at
rate of 2 cms-1 when its radius is 10 cm. the rate of 2 cms-1 when its radius is 8
Find the rate of change in its area. cm. Find the rate of change in its
Jejari sebuah bulatan bertambah pada volume.
kadar 2 cms-1 apabila jejarinya 10 cm. Jejari sebuah sfera berkurangan pada
Cari kadar perubahan bagi luas bulatan kadar 2 cms-1 apabila jejarinya 8 cm.
tersebut. Cari kadar perubahan bagi isipadu
sfera tersebut.

9. Solve each of the following:
Selesaikan setiap yang berikut:
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) Find the approximate increase in the

area of a circle when its radius
Given that y = x2 + 5x, use increases from 5 to 5.03
differentiation to find the small change Cari anggaran peningkatan luas
in y when x increases from 3 to 3.01. sebuah bulatan apabila jejarinya
Diberi y = x2 + 5x, gunakan pembezaan meningkat dari 5 kepada 5.03
untuk mencari perubahan terkecil
dalam y apabila x meningkat dari 3
kepada 3.01.
y 3.01 3 0.01
dy
2x 5
dx
dy
x 3, 2(3) 5 11
dx
dy
y x
dx
11 0.01
0.11
(c) Given that y = 6t + t, find the small (d) The radius of a cylinder is fixed at 4
change of y when t increase from 2 to cm. If the height of the cylinder
2.01. decreases by 0.25cm, find the
Diberi y = 6t + t,cari kadar perubahan approximate decrease in the volume of
terkecil apabila t berkurangan dari 2 the cylinder.
kepada 2.01. Jejari sebuah silinder ditetapkan pada
4 cm. Jika tinggi silinder berkurangan
0.25cm, cari anggaran pengurangan
isipadu silinder tersebut.

Test Yourself
Uji Diri Anda
1. Differentiate 5x2 (4x 2)3 with respect to x.

Bezakan 5x2 (4x 2)3 terhadap x.
5x 3
2. Differentiate with respect to x.
( 4 3 x) 2
5x 3
Bezakan terhadap x.
( 4 3 x) 2
3. Given that y = 4x (x 8) , calculate

Diberi y = 4x (x 8) , kira
(a) the value of x when y is a minimum,
nilai x apabila y adalah minimum,
(b) the minimum value of y.

nilai minimum bagi y.
4. The equation of a curve is y = x3 2x2 + 1.

Find the turning point of the curve.
Determine whether each of the turning point is a maximum point or a minimum point
by using differentiation.
Persamaan satu lengkung ialah y = x3 2x2 + 1.
Cari titik pusingan bagi lengkung tersebut.
Tentukan sama ada titik pusingan tersebut titik minimum atau titik maksimum dengan
menggunakan kaedah pembezaan
5. A stone is dropped into a pond of still water. A circular ripple forms and starts
to spread. If the radius of the ripple, r cm , increases at the rate of 10 cm s-1 , find
the rate of change of the area of the ripple when r = 20 cm (Leave your answer in
terms of )
Sebiji batu dicampakkan pada satu tasik yang tenang. Riak air berbentuk bulatan
terhasil dan membesar. Jika jejari riak air itu, r cm , meningkat dengan kadar 10 cm
s-1 , cari kadar perubahan luas riak air tersebut apabila r = 20 cm (Tinggalkan
jawapan anda dalam sebutan )

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES
10 PENYELESAIAN SEGITIGA
1. Find the length of AB in each of the following triangles.

Cari panjang AB untuk setiap segitiga berikut.

A
A
8cm
10cm
28 110
60
35 B
C C
B
AB 8

sin 35 sin 60
8sin 35
AB
sin 60
5.298cm
(c) (d) C
A 7.5cm
6.8cm 100 B
40
35
50 A
C B
2. Find the angle A for each of the following triangles..

Find the angle A for each of the following triangles..

16cm A
B
C
125
12cm
8cm
7cm C
36
A B
8 7

sin A sin 36
8sin 36
sin A
7
0.6718
A 42.20
3. Find the length of BC in each of the following triangles.

Cari panjang BC untuk setiap segitiga berikut.
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) A

9cm
60
A
80 B 8cm
6cm 5cm
C C
B
BC 2 52 62 2(5)(6) cos80
50.581
BC 7.112cm
(c) (d) C
B
5cm
A
125
6cm 7cm
120
B
A 6cm
C

4. Find the angle B for each of the following triangles..
Find the angle B for each of the following triangles..
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) A

8.6cm
C
A 7cm
B 5.8cm
10.2cm
6cm
B
5cm
62 52 7 2 2(5)(7) cos B
36 25 49 70 cos B
70 cos B 38
cos B 0.5429
B 57.12
5. Find the area in each of the following triangles.

Cari luas untuk setiap segitiga berikut.
(a) Example/ Contoh (b) B
5.2cm B 10cm
52 110
C C
12.2cm
6.8cm
A
A
1
Area 5.2 6.8sin 52
2
13.932cm 2
(c) (d) R
A 12.5cm
45 C
P 104 7.2cm
11cm
9.4cm
Q
B

(f) Given the area of ABD = 12cm2, calculate
A
Diberi luas of ABD = 12cm2, kira
B
(i) the length of BD
8cm 6cm panjang BD
(ii) angle CBD
40
sudut BCD
C
11cm
D
6. Solve the following.

Cari luas untuk setiap segitiga berikut.
(a) Example/ Contoh

S i ) PR 2 92 7 2 2(9)(7) cos88
125.603
PR 11.207cm
42
P R
11.207 10
9cm 88 7cm ii )
sin PSR sin 42
Find
11.207 sin 42
Q
Cari sin PSR
(i) the length of PR 10
panjang PR PSR 48.58
(ii) angle PSR
sudut PSR
(b)
A
65
B 8cm
7cm
C
Find 9cm
Cari D
(i) angle ACD

sudut ACD
(ii) the length of AB
panjang AB

FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4
INDEX NUMBER
11 NOMBOR INDEKS
1. Find the following price index:

Cari indeks harga untuk yang berikut:
Year Price (RM)
Year Price (RM) Tahun Harga (RM)
Tahun Harga (RM) 2013 2.00
2013 200 2014 2.40
2015 300 2016 3.60
2017 360
(a) Price index for the year 2014
(a) Price index for the year 2015 (based on 2013)
(based on 2013) Indeks harga pada tahun 2014
Indeks harga pada tahun 2015 (berasaskan tahun 2013)
(berasaskan tahun 2013)
300
I1 100 150
200
(b) Price index for the year 2017

(b) Price index for the year 2016
(based on 2013)
(based on 2013)
Indeks harga pada tahun 2017
(berasaskan 2013)
(berasaskan 2013)
360
I1 100 180
200
(c) Price index for the year 2017

(based on 2015)
Indeks harga pada tahun 2017 (c) Price index for the year 2016
(berasaskan 2015) (based on 2014)
360 (berasaskan 2014)
I1 100 120
300
(c) Find the price index for the following (d) Find the price index for the following
items for the year 2017 based on 2016. items for the year 2017 based on 2013.
Find the price index for the following items Find the price index for the following items
for the year 2017 based on 2016. for the year 2017 based on 2013.
Year Price of item (RM) Year Price of item (RM)

Tahun Harga item (RM) Tahun Harga item (RM)
2016 200 2013 24.00
2017 245 2017 27.60

2. Find the item price for the year 2017 based on the year 2011 for each of the following.
Cari harga setiap item pada tahun 2017 berasaskan tahun 2011 untuk yang berikut.

Year Item Price Price Index
Year Item Price Price Index Tahun Harga Indeks
Tahun Harga Indeks item Harga
item Harga 2011 40
2011 50 125
120 2017 P1
2017 P1
P1
I 100
P0
120 50
Q1 RM 60
100
(c) (d)
Year Item Price Price Index Year Item Price Price Index
Tahun Harga Indeks Tahun Harga Indeks
item Harga item Harga
2011 P0 2011 1500
175 115
2017 0.60 2017 P1
(e) The price index of a packet of fried mee (f) The price index of a kg of prawn for the
in a certain stall for the year 2017 year 2017 based on 2011 is 135. Given
based on 2011 is 240. Given that the that the price in the year 2017 is
price in the year 2011 is RM0.50. RM10.80. Calculate the price of a
Calculate the price of a packet of fried packet of a kg of prawn in year 2011.
mee in year 2017. Indeks harga untuk sekilogram udang
Indeks harga untuk sepeket mee pada 2017 berasaskan 2011 adalah
goreng di satu gerai pada 2017 135. Diberi harga pada tahun 2017
berasaskan 2011 adalah 240. Diberi ialah RM10.80. Kira harga sekilogram
harga pada tahun 2011 ialah RM0.50. udang pada tahun 2011.
Kira harga sepeket mee goreng pada
tahun 2017.

3. Calculate the composite index for each of the following.
Hitungkan indeks gubahan untuk yang berikut.

Item Price Index Weightage
Item Price Index Weightage Indeks Harga Pemberat
Indeks Harga Pemberat P 120 3
A 115 2 Q 145 4
B 120 3 R 160 5
C 140 5
(115 2) (120 3) (140 5)

I
235
129
(c) (d)
Item Price Index Weightage Item Price Index Weightage
Indeks Harga Pemberat Indeks Harga Pemberat
P 115 2 X 110 3
Q 110 3 Y 120 2
R 120 1 Z 80 5
S 105 4
(e) (f)
Item 2010 2017 Weightage Materials X Y Z
(RM) (RM) Pemberat Bahan
A 5.00 6.00 4 2010
4.80 2.50 5.00
B 10.50 12.60 2 (RM)
C 8.00 9.80 1 2016
6.00 3.00 6.00
(RM)
D 18.00 21.15 3
Weightage
2 5 3
Pemberat

4. Example/ Contoh
Table shows the prices and the price indices of four ingredients, milk, flour, baking
powder and sugar, used to make a type of snacks. Diagram shows a pie chart which
represents the relative quantity of the ingredients used.
Jadual menunjukkan harga dan indeks harga bagi empat bahan, susu, tepung, tepung
penaik dan gula, diganakan untuk membuat sejenis snek. Rajah menunjukkan carta pai
yang mewakili kuantiti relatif bahan-bahan yang digunakan.
Price ( RM ) per kg Price index for the

in the year year 2015 based on
Harga (RM) per kg the year 2014
Ingredients
pada tahun Indeks harga pada
Bahan
tahun 2015
2014 2015 berasaskan tahun
2014.
Milk
3.00 3.50 116.7
Susu
Flour
2.50 2.80 h
Tepung
Baking powder
k 2.90 112.5
Tepung penaik
Sugar
2.10 2.47 117.6
Gula
Sugar
Gula
Baking powder 30%
Tepung penaik
17%
Flour
Tepung
40%
Milk
Susu
(a) Find the value of h and of k.

Cari nilai h dan k Nota:
Gunakan rumus mencari
indeks
P2015 P2015
I 100 I 100
P2014 P2014
2.80 2.90
h 100 112.5 100
2.50 k
h 112 k 2.58

(b) Calculate the composite index for the cost of making these cakes in the year 2015
based on the year 2014.
Hitung indeks gubahan bagi kos membuat kek tersebut pada thun 2015 berasaskan
tahun 2014.
I
I w
i i
w
Nota:
i Gunakan rumus mencari
116.7(13*) 112(40) 112.5(17) 117.6(30) indeks gubahan
I
13* 40 17 30
I 114.376 * pemberat untuk susu diperolehi dengan menolak
semua pemberat dengan 100%
(c) The composite index for the cost of making these cakes increases by 40% from the
year 2015 to the year 2019.
Indeks gubahan kos membuat kek tersebut meningkat sebanyak 40% dari tahun
2015 ke tahun 2019.
Calculate:
Hitung
(i) the composite index for the cost of making these cakes in the year 2019 based
on the year 2014,
indeks gubahan bagi kos membuat kek tersebut pada tahun 2019 berasaskan
tahun 2014.
Nota: x Nota:
Jika soalan membabitkan Anggap indeks gubahan
3 tahun. Gunakan kaedah sebagai indeks biasa.
mangkuk 2014 2015 2019 Kita gunakan nilai dalam
x (b) untuk menjawab (c)
114.38 140
a b Nota:
Kenaikan 40% membawa
maksud indeks harga 140
(114.38)(121)
x
100
x 138.40
(ii) the price of a box of these snack in the year 2019 if its corresponding price in the
year 2014 is RM35.
harga sekotak snek ini pada tahun 2019 jika harganya yang sepadan pada tahun
2014 ialah RM35.
Nota: Nota:
Gunakan rumus mencari Anggap indeks gubahan
indeks sebagai indeks biasa.

P2019
I 100
P2014
P2019
138.4 100
35
138.4(35)
P2019
100
P2019 48.44
5. Table shows the prices and the price indices of four ingredientsused to make a type of
nuggets. Diagram shows a pie chart which represents the relative quantity of the
ingredients used.
Jadual menunjukkan harga dan indeks harga bagi empat bahan yang digunakan untuk
membuat sejenis nugget. Rajah menunjukkan carta pai yang mewakili kuantiti relatif
bahan-bahan yang digunakan.
Price ( RM ) per kg Price index for the

in the year year 2010 based on
Harga (RM) per kg the year 2004
Ingredients
pada tahun Indeks harga pada
Bahan
tahun 2010
2004 2010 berasaskan tahun
2004.
Chicken
6.00 9.00 140
Ayam
Flour
1.50 1.80 120
Tepung
Salt
0.80 0.90 h
Garam
Sugar
k 1.60 105
Gula
Flour
Tepung
Sugar
45%
Gula
10%
Garam Chicken
Salt Ayam
25%
(d) Find the value of h and of k.

Cari nilai h dan k

(e) Calculate the composite index for the cost of making these nugget in the year 2010
based on the year 2004.
Hitung indeks gubahan bagi kos membuat nugget tersebut pada tahun 2010
berasaskan tahun 2004.
(f) The composite index for the cost of making these nugget increases by 25% from the
year 2010 to the year 2016.
Indeks gubahan kos membuat nugget tersebut meningkat sebanyak 25% dari tahun
2010 ke tahun 2016.
Calculate:
Hitung
(iii) the composite index for the cost of making these cakes in the year 2016 based
on the year 2004,
indeks gubahan bagi kos membuat kek tersebut pada tahun 2016 berasaskan
tahun 2004.
(iv) the price of a bag of these nugget in the year 2016 if its corresponding price in
the year 2004 is RM28.
harga sekampit nugget ini pada tahun 2016 jika harganya yang sepadan pada
tahun 2004 ialah RM28.

6. Example/ Contoh
Table shows the price indices for three items A, B and C, used in the production of a
type of sport shoe.
Jadual menunjukkan indeks harga bagi tiga bahan A, B dan C, digunakan dalam
pengeluaran sejenis kasut sukan.
Price index in the year 2005 Price index in the year 2008
Item based on the year 2004 based on the year 2004
Bahan Indeks harga pada tahun 2005 Indeks harga pada tahun
berasaskan tahun 2004 2008 berasaskan tahun 2004
A 121 130
B 114 x
C y 150
(a) Find the price index of item A in the year 2008 based on the year 2005.
Cari indeks harga bagi bahan A pada tahun 2008 berasaskan tahun 2005.
130
Nota:
2008 2005 2004 Jika soalan membabitkan
3 tahun. Gunakan kaedah
m 121 mangkuk
x
m(121)
130 a b
100
130(100)
m
121
m 107.44
(b) The price of item B in the year 2004 is RM 7.50 and its price in the year 2008 is
RM10.50. Find
Harga bagi bahan B pada tahun 2004 ialah RM7.50 dan harganya pada tahun 2008
ialah RM10.50. Cari
(i) the value of x, Nota:
nilai x, Gunakan rumus mencari
indeks
P2008
I 100
P2004
10.50
x 100
7.50
x 107.44

(ii) the price of item B in the year 2005.
Harga bahan B pada tahun 2005.
Nota:
P Gunakan rumus mencari
I 2005 100
P2004 indeks
P2005
114 100
7.50
114(7.50)
P2005
100
P2005 8.55
(c) The composite index for the production cost of the sport shoe in the year 2005 based
on the year 2004 is 115.7. The cost of the item A, B and C are in ratio of 5 : 2 : 3.
Find the value of y.
Indeks gubahan bagi kos pengeluaran kasut sukan tersebut pada tahun 2005
berasaskan tahun 2004 ialah 115.7. Kos bagi bahan A, B dan C adalah dalam nisbah
5 : 2 : 3. Cari nilai y.
I
I w
i i
w i
Nota:
Gunakan rumus mencari
5(121) 2(114) 3 y indeks gubahan
115.7
523
y 105.67
(d) Given the price of the sport shoe in the year 2005 is RM147.40. Find the
corresponding price of the shoe in the year 2004.
Diberi harga kasut sukan tersebut pada tahun 2005 ialah RM147.40. Cari harga yang
sepadan bagi kasut tersebut pada tahun 2004
Nota:
P Anggap indeks gubahan
I 2005 100 sebagai indeks biasa.
P2004 Kita gunakan nilai dalam
147.40 (c) untuk menjawab (d)
105.67 100
P2004
147.40(100) Nota:
P2004
105.67 Gunakan rumus mencari
P2004 139.49 indeks

7. Table shows the price indices for three items P, Q and R, used in the production of a
type of handbag.
Jadual menunjukkan indeks harga bagi tiga bahan P, Q dan R, digunakan dalam
pengeluaran sejenis beg tangan.
Price index in the year 2006 Price index in the year 2008
Item based on the year 2002 based on the year 2002
Bahan Indeks harga pada tahun 2006 Indeks harga pada tahun
berasaskan tahun 2002 2008 berasaskan tahun 2002
P 120 160
Q 118 a
R b 130
(c) Find the price index of item P in the year 2008 based on the year 2006.
Cari indeks harga bagi bahan P pada tahun 2008 berasaskan tahun 2006.
(d) The price of item Q in the year 2002 is RM 8.50 and its price in the year 2008 is
RM12.00. Find
Harga bagi bahan Q pada tahun 2002 ialah RM7.50 dan harganya pada tahun 2008
ialah RM10.50. Cari
(iii) the value of a,
nilai a,
(iv) the price of item Q in the year 2006.

Harga bahan Q pada tahun 2006.

(e) The composite index for the production cost of the handbag in the year 2006 based
on the year 2002 is 115.7. The cost of the item P, Q and R are in ratio of 3 : 1 : 2.
Find the value of b.
Indeks gubahan bagi kos pengeluaran beg tangan tersebut pada tahun 2006
berasaskan tahun 2002 ialah 115.7. Kos bagi bahan P, Q dan R adalah dalam
nisbah 3 : 1 : 2. Cari nilai b.
(f) Given the price of the handbag in the year 2006 is RM251.00. Find the
corresponding price of the shoe in the year 2002.
Diberi harga beg tangan tersebut pada tahun 2006 ialah RM251.00. Cari harga yang
sepadan bagi kasut tersebut pada tahun 2002.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
12 PROGRESSION
JANJANG
CONTOH 1 & LATIHAN 1

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS (JANJANG ARITMETIK)
A B
Contoh Contoh
Find the common difference, d Find the nth term
Cari beza sepunya, d Cari sebutan ke-n
[8 th term/ sebutan ke-8)
12, 5, -2,
Common difference, d = T2 T1 12, 5, -2,
Beza sepunya, d = 5 12 = 2 ( 1)
= -7
T8 = 2(12) + (8 1)(-7)
= -25
1. 10, 7, 4, .
Common difference, d = T2 T1 T8 =
Beza sepunya, d =
2. , 3, 5,
Common difference, d = T2 T1 T8 =
Beza sepunya, d =
1 5 9
3. , , ,
4 4 4
T8 =
Common difference, d = T2 T1
Beza sepunya, d =

C D
Contoh: Contoh:
Find the number of terms Find the sum of the first n terms
Cari bilangan sebutan Cari hasil tambah n sebutan pertama
[ n = 8 terms/ sebutan)
12, 5, -2, , -65
12, 5, -2,
= + ( 1)
= [2 + ( 1)]
65 = 12 + ( 1)(7) 2
65 = 12 7 + 7
7 = 19 + 65 8
8 = [2(12) + (8 1)(7)]
84 2
= = 12 = 4[24 -49]
7
= -100
1. 10, 7, 4, , 14

= [2 + ( 1)]
= + ( 1) 2
2. , 3, 5, .., 17
= [2 + ( 1)]
2
= + ( 1)
1 5 9 21
3. , , , , 4
4 4 4 = [2 + ( 1)]
2
= + ( 1)

GEOMETRIC PROGESSIONS (JANJANG GEOMETRIK)
A B
Contoh: Contoh:
Find the common ratio, r Find the nth term
Cari nisbah sepunya, r Cari sebutan ke-n
64, 16, 4,..

Common difference, r = 2 64, 16, 4,
1 = 1
16
Beza sepunya, r = 1
64 5 = (64)( )51
4
1 1
=4 =4
1. 7, 35, 175, . = 1

Common difference, r = 2 5 =
1
Beza sepunya, r =
2. 7, 1.4, 0.28, . = 1

Common difference, r = 2 5 =
1
Beza sepunya, r =
3 1 1
3. , , , = 1
4 2 3
5 =
Common difference, r = 2
1
Beza sepunya, r =

C D E
Contoh: Contoh: Contoh:
Find the number of terms Find the sum of the first n terms Find the sum to infinity
Cari bilangan sebutan Cari hasil tambah n sebutan Cari hasil tambah
pertama ketakterhinggaan
1 [ n = 8 terms/ sebutan)
64, 16, 4,.. , 256
1
= 1 64, 16, 4,.. , 256
64, 16, 4,..
( 1) , = , 1 < < 1
1 1 = 1
= (64)( )1 1
256 4 > 1 (1 ) , <1
1 1 =
1
64
= ( )1 =
(256)(64) 4 1
14
1 , <1
64(1( )8 )
4
1 1 8= 1 1
( )7 = ( )1 1( )
4 = 85 3
4 4 85
7=1 = 85 256
=8
5, 35, 175, , 21 875 ( 1) , 5, 35, 175, .

=
1
> 1 = , 1 < < 1
= 1 (1 ) , <1 1
=
1 =
8=
7, 1.4, 0.28, . , 0.00224 ( 1) , 7, 1.4, 0.28, .

= 1
=
1
> 1 = , 1 < < 1
(1 ) , <1 1
=
1 =
8=
3 1 1 16 ( 1) , 3 1 1
, , ,, =
1
, , ,
4 2 3 243 4 2 3
> 1 (1 ) , <1
=
= 1 1
8= = , 1 < < 1
1
=

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
13 LINEAR LAW
HUKUM LINEAR
CONTOH 3
Table shows the values of two variables, x and y obtained from an experiment. Variables x
1 1
and y are related by the equation = + , where h and k are constants
Jadual menunjukkan nilai-nilai bagi dua pembolehubah x dan y yang diperoleh dari satu
1 1
eksperimen. Pembolehubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan =
+
, dengan
keadaan h dan k ialah pemalar.
x 2 3 4 5.5 7 8
y 5.00 6.38 7.69 9.02 10.14 10.67

(a) Plot against x, using a scale 2 cm to 1 unit on the x - axis and 2 cm to 0.1 unit on

the
axis . Hence draw the line of the best fit.

Plot
melawan x, dengan menggunakan skala 2 cm kepada 1 unit pada paksi - x

dan 2 cm kepada 0.1 unit pada paksi -
. Seterusnya lukis garis lurus penyuaian
terbaik.
(b) Use the graph in (a) to find the value of

Gunakan graf di (a) untuk mencari nilai
i) y when x = 1.4
y apabila x = 1.4
ii) h
iii) k

Penyelesaian:

0.40 0.47 0.52 0.61 0.69 0.75

b) i) y = 3.78 0.1

1
1.1 ii)

=

+
1.0
h = 3.2 0.1
0.9 iii) 17.40 0.2
0.8
x
0.7 x
0.6 x
x
0.5
x
0.4 x
0.3
0.2
0.1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

LATIHAN 3
1) Table shows the values of two variables, x and y obtained from an experiment. Variables
x and y are related by the equation = , where p and q are constants
Jadual menunjukkan nilai-nilai bagi dua pembolehubah x dan y yang diperoleh dari satu
eksperimen. Pembolehubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan = , dengan
keadaan p dan q ialah pemalar.
X 1.26 1.58 2.51 3.16 5.01

y 4.78 3.80 2.63 2.19 1.41
(a) Plot 10 against 10 , using a scale 2 cm to 0.1 unit on the both axis . Hence
draw the line of the best fit.
Plot 10 melawan 10 dengan menggunakan skala 2 cm kepada 0.1 unit pada
kedua-dua paksi . Seterusnya lukis garis lurus penyuaian terbaik.
(b) Use the graph in (a) to find the value of

Gunakan graf di (a) untuk mencari nilai
(i) p
(ii) q
2) Table shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
Variables x and y are related by the equation y= pkx, where p and k are contants.
Jadual menunjukkan nilai bagi dua pemboleh ubah, x dan y, diperolehi daripada satu
eksperimen.Pemboleh ubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan y= pkx, dengan
keadaan p dan k ialah pemalar.
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 4.68 7.12 11.04 16.53 25.56 40.01
(a) Explain how a straight line may be drawn to represent the given equation.
Terangkan bagaimana satu garis lurus dapat dilukis untuk mewakili persamaan yang
diberi.
(b) Plot log10 y against x by using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the x-axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit
on the log10 y-axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
Plot log10 y melawan x dengan menggunakan skala 2 cm kepada 1 unit pada paksi-x
dan 2 cm kepada 0.2 unit pada paksi-log10 y. Seterusnya, lukis satu garis lurus
penyuaian terbaik.
(c) Use your graph from (b) to find the numerical value of
Gunakan graf pada (b) untuk mencari nilai
i) p
ii) k

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
14 INTEGRATION
PENGAMIRAN

Integrate each of the following.
Kamirkan setiap berikut.
1. Find 3x7 +7 dx 2. Find (6x7 + 6x5) dx. 3. Find (6x8 + 2x2) dx.
Cari 3x7 +7 dx. Cari (6x7 + 6x5) dx. Cari (6x8 + 2x2) dx
Penyelesaian:
3x7 +7 dx
3x7 + 1
= 7 + 1 +7x + c
3
= 8 x8 + 7x + c
1 1
3 5 5. Find 4x6 + 7x7+ 1 dx.
4. Find (5x2 + 2x3) dx. 5. Find x 3x2 + 4 dx. Cari 4x6 + 7x7+ 1 dx.
7
3
1 1 Cari 7 x53x2 + 4 dx.
Cari (5x2 + 2x3) dx.

Integrate each of the following.
Kamirkan setiap berikut.
1. Find (x + 3)5 dx. 4

3. Find (6x + 1)2 dx.
Cari (x + 3)5 dx. 2. Find (4x + 3) dx. 5
Cari (6x + 1)2 dx.
4
Penyelesaian:
Cari (4x + 3)5 dx.
(x + 3) dx
5
(x + 3)5 + 1
= 1(5 + 1) + c
1
= 6 (x + 3)6 + c
Integrate the following by substitution method.

Kamirkan setiap berikut dengan kaedah penggantian.
4
7 8
1. Find (5x + 9)9 dx. 2. Find (9x + 5)7 dx. 3. Find (4x + 3)5 dx.
7 8
Cari dx. Cari dx. 4
(5x + 9)9 (9x + 5)7
Cari (4x + 3) dx.
5
Penyelesaian:
Let u = 5x + 9
du
dx = 5
1
dx = 5 du
7
dx
(5x + 9)9
7 1
= (u)9 (5 du)
7
= 5 u9 du
7
= u8 + c
40
7
= 40u8 + c
7
= +c
40(5x + 9)8

CONTOH 7
Determine equation of curve from gradient function.
Tentukan persamaan lengkung daripada fungsi kecerunan berikut.
dy
Given dx = (3x + 1)2, find the equation of the curve ,if the curve passes through the point
(1, 2).
dy
Diberi dx = (3x + 1)2, cari persamaan lengkung ,jika lengkung itu melalui titik (1, 2).
Penyelesaian:
dy
dx = (3x + 1)
2
y = (3x + 1)2 dx
y = (9x2 6x + 1) dx
= 3x3 3x2 + x + c
When x = 1, y = 2
2 = 3(1)3 3(1)2 + (1) + c
c = 3
y = 3x3 3x2 + x 3
LATIHAN 7
dy
1. Given dx = 2x2 + 3x2, find the equation of the curve , if the curve passes through the
point
(1, 3).
dy
Diberi dx = 2x2 + 3x2, cari persamaan lengkung , jika lengkung itu melalui titik
(1, 3).

dy
2. Given = (9x + 1)2, find the equation of the curve , if the curve passes through the point
dx
(1, 15).
dy
Diberi dx = (9x + 1)2, cari persamaan lengkung , jika lengkung itu melalui titik (1, 15).

Find the value of each of the following.
Cari nilai bagi setiap yang berikut.
3 2 2
1 4 x dx. (x 2) dx.
2
1.Find 9(2x2 6x + 5 )dx. 2. Find 3. Find
1 0
3 2 2
1 4 x dx. cari (x 2) dx2
cari 9(2x2 6x + 5 )dx. cari
1 0
Penyelesaian:
2 3 3
[ x 3x 2 5x ]9
3
= [2/3(3)2 6(3) + 5]
[2/3(9)2 6(9) + 5]
=84

Find the value of each of the following.
Cari nilai bagi setiap yang berikut.
8 8
1. Given that 1 f(x) dx = 3, find 1 [5 2f(x)] dx
8 8
Diberi 1 f(x) dx = 3, carikan 1 [5 2f(x)] dx
Penyelesaian:
8
1 [5 2f(x)] dx
8 8
= 1 5 dx 2 1 f(x) dx
8
= [5x] 1 2(3)
= (40 5) + 6
= 39
9
2. Given that 2 f(x) dx = 7, find
9
Diberi 2 f(x) dx = 7, carikan
2
a) the value of 9 f(x) dx.
2
nilai 9 f(x) dx.
9 175
b) the value of k if 2 [kx + 7f(x)] dx = 2 .
9 175
nilai k jika 2 [kx + 7f(x)] dx = 2 .

6 6 81
3. Given that 2 f(x) dx = 1 and 2 [9f(x) + kx] dx = , find the value of k.
7
6 6 81
Diberi 2 f(x) dx = 1 dan 2 [9f(x) + kx] dx = 7 , carikan nilai k.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
15 VECTOR
VEKTOR
CONTOH 10
Given the vector

= 2,
= + 8
= 3 + 2. If points A, B and are
collinear, show that 4 + 14 = 0, hence if = 1, find the value of and show
that B is the mid-point of the line segment AC.
= 2,
Diberi vector-vektor = + 8
= 3 + 2. Jika titik-titik A, B dan
C adalah segaris, tunjukkan bahawa 4 + 14 = 0, dan seterusnya , jika = 1,
cari nilai bagi dan tunjukkan bahawa B ialah titik tengah bagi tembereng garis AC.
Penyelesaian: (Soalan Vektor Segaris dan Selari )
.
=
NOTA : If points A, B and C are collinear, then
.
=
Jika titik-titik A, B dan C ialah segaris , maka
=

= (

)
( + 8) ( + 2) = [(3 + 2) ( + 8)]
( 1 + m ) + 10 = 2 + (2 8)
BANDINGKAN PEKALI : ( 1 + m ) = 2 (1)
BANDINGKAN PEKALI : 10 = (2 8) ..(2)
Bahagi (1) dengan (2)

1+ 2 1+ 1
= =
10 (2 8) 10 4
( + 1)( 4) = 10
4 + 4 = 10
4 + 14 = 0 (terbukti)
When / Apabila = 1, 4 14 = 0
2 = 18
=9

From (1) , 1+1=2, =1
Hence for =
,
=
( because = 1 )
B is the midpoint AC. ( ialah titik tengah bagi AC)
NOTA : KAEDAH PENYELESAIAN VEKTOR SEGARIS DAN SELARI ADALAH

SAMA.
is parallel to vector
If vector .
=
, then
selari dengan vector
Jika vector .
=
, maka
LATIHAN 10 (SOALAN VEKTOR SEGARIS)
In the diagram below, ABCD is quadrilateral and BAD 90 , PQC and APD are two
straight line.
Dalam rajah di bawah, ABCD adalah sebuah segiempat dan BAD 90 dan APD adalah
dua garis lurus.
1
= 4 ,
It is given that = 3 ,
= 9 5 ,
= and

4
PQ : QC = 3 : 2.
1
Diberi bahawa = 4 ,
= 3 ,
= 9 5 ,
= and

4
PQ : QC = 3 : 2.
9 5
P C
A B
4
Q

(a) Express in terms of and / or ,
Ungkapkan dalam sebutan dan / atau ,
(i)

(ii)

(b) Show that points B , Q and D are collinear.

Tunjukkan bahawa titik B ,Q dan D adalah segaris
(c) If | | = 3 units and | | = 2 units , find |

|
|
Jika | | = 3 unit dan | | = 2 unit , cari |

LATIHAN 11 (SOALAN VEKTOR SAMA)
Diagram below shows triangle OPQ. The point R lies on OP and point S lies on PQ. The
straight line OS intersects the straight line QR at the point T.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah segitiga OPQ. Titik R terletak pada OP dan titik
terletak pada PQ. Garis lurus OS bersilang dengan garis lurus QR pada titik T.
R
T
O Q
1
Given that = ,
= ,
=
and
= 3
.
4
1
= ,
Diberi bahawa = ,
=
dan
= 3
.
4
(a) Express in terms of and :

Ungkapkan dalam sebutan dan :
(i)

(ii)

(b) Given that

= h = k
and , where h and k are constants.
Express Diberi bahawa = h
= k
dan , di mana h dan k
adalah pemalar. Ungkapkan
(i) in terms of h, and

dalam sebutan h, dan
(ii) in terms of k , and

dalam sebutan k , dan
(c) Hence, find the value of h and of k

Seterusnya , cari nilai h dan nilai k

LATIHAN 12
Diagram below shows a trapezium OABC. The straight lines OB and AC intersect at poin D.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu trapezium OABC. Garis lurus OB dan AC bersilang di
titik D.
C O
B A
= 6,
It is given that = 15 and AB : OC = 3 : 5.
Diberi
= 6 ,
= 15 dan AB : OC = 3 : 5.
(a) Express, in terms of and ,

Ungkapkan, dalm sebutan dan ,
,
(i)
(ii)
,
(b) Given and

= , express
= , in terms of
Diberi dan
=
= , ungkapkan
,dalam sebutan
(i) , and ,
, dan ,
(ii) , and ,
, dan ,
Hence, find the value of h and of k.

Seterusnya , cari nilai h dan nilai k.
(iii) Find the unit vector in the direction of

.

Cari vektor unit dalam arah .

LATIHAN 13 (SOALAN VEKTOR PADUAN)
Diagram below shows triangle OAB. The straight line AP intersects the straight line OQ at R.
1 1
= 6 and
It is given that OP = 3 OB, AQ = 3 AB, = 2
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan OAB. Garis lurus AP menyilang garis lurus OQ pada R. Diberi
1 1
bahawa OP = OB, AQ = AB, = 6 dan
= 2
3 3
Q
R
O B
P
(a) Express in terms of and/or :

Nyatakan dalam sebutan dan /atau :
(i) AP
(ii) OQ
(b) (i) Given that AR h AP, state AR in terms of h, and .

Diberi bahawa AR h AP, nyatakan AR dalam sebutan h, dan .
(ii) Given that RQ k OQ, state RQ in terms of k, and .

Diberi bahawa RQ k OQ, nyatakan RQ dalam sebutan of k, dan .
(c) Using AR and RQ from (b), find the value of h and of k.

Menggunakan AR dan RQ daripada (b), cari nilai bagi h dan bagi k.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
16 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
FUNGSI TRIGONOMETRI
CONTOH 11
(a) Sketch the graph of y = 2 cos 3x for 0 x .

Lakarkan graf bagi y = 2 kos 3x bagi 0 x .
(b) Hence, using the same axes, draw a suitable straight line to find the number of solutions
4x
to the equation + 3 2 cos 3x = 0 for 0 x . State the number of solutions.
Seterusnya, dengan menggunakan paksi yang sama, lukiskan satu garis lurus yang
4x
sesuai untuk mencari bilangan penyelesaian bagi persamaan + 3 2 kos 3x = 0 bagi
0 x . Nyatakan bilangan penyelesaian itu.
Penyelesaian:
(a)
(b) 4x
+ 3 2 cos 3x = 0 , y = 2 cos 3x 1
4x
2 cos 3x = + 3 2
Gantikan 1 dalam 2
4x
y= +3
x 0
When x = 0, y = 3
When x = , y = 1 y 3 -1
Number of solutions = 2

LATIHAN 14
(a) Sketch the graph of y = tan 2x for 0 x .

Lakarkan graf bagi y = tan 2x bagi 0 x .
x
to the equation tan 2x + 2 = 0 for 0 x . State the number of solutions.

x
sesuai untuk mencari bilangan penyelesaian bagi persamaan tan 2x + 2 = 0 bagi

0 x . Nyatakan bilangan penyelesaian itu.
CONTOH 12
(a) Sketch the graph of y = |4 sin 2x| for 0 x 2.

Lakarkan graf bagi y = |4 sin 2x| bagi 0 x 2.
x
to the equation 2 |4 sin 2x| = for 0 x 2. State the number of solutions.
2
x
sesuai untuk mencari bilangan penyelesaian bagi persamaan 2 |4 sin 2x| = 2 bagi
0 x 2. Nyatakan bilangan penyelesaian itu.
Penyelesaian:
(a)
(b)
x
2 |4 sin 2x| = 2 , y = |4 sin 2x|
x
|4 sin 2x| = 2 2
Gantikan 1 dalam 2
x x 0 2
y=2
2
When x = 0, y=2 y 2 1
When x = 2, y = 1

LATIHAN 15
(a) Sketch the graph of y = 1 9 cos x for 0 x 2.

Lakarkan graf bagi y = 1 9 kos x bagi 0 x 2.
(b) Hence, using the same axes, draw a suitable straight line to find the number of solutions to
the equation 18 cos x = 10 + 6x for 0 x 2. State the number of solutions.
sesuai untuk mencari bilangan penyelesaian bagi persamaan 18 kos x = 10 + 6x
bagi 0 x 2. Nyatakan bilangan penyelesaian itu.
LATIHAN 16
(a) Sketch the graph of y = 4 sin x for 0 x 2.

Lakarkan graf bagi y = 4 sin x bagi 0 x 2.
(b) Hence, using the same axes, draw a suitable graf to find the number of solutions to

the equation x 4 sin x = 0 for 0 x 2. State the number of solutions.
Seterusnya, dengan menggunakan paksi yang sama, lukiskan satu graf yang sesuai

untuk mencari bilangan penyelesaian bagi persamaan x 4 sin x = 0 bagi
0 x 2. Nyatakan bilangan penyelesaian itu.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
17 PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION
PILIHATUR DAN GABUNGAN
CONTOH 13
The number of three-digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 2, 4, 6, 8 and 9,
without repetations. Calculate :
Nombor 3-digit dibentukkan daripada digit-digit 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 9, dengan ulangan digit tidak
dibenarkan. Cari :
(a) the number of three-digits numbers can be formed.

bilangan cara dengan mana nombor 3-digit itu dapat dibentuk.
Penyelesaian: 5P3 = 60
(b) the number of three-digit even numbers that can be formed.

bilangan nombor genap tiga-digit dapat dibentuk.
Penyelesaian: 4 4P2 = 48
LATIHAN 17
P E N C I L S
The diagram shows seven letter cards. A four-letter code is to be formed using four of these
cards. Find :
Rajah menunjukkan tujuh keeping kad huruf. Satu kod empat-huruf dibentuk dengan
menggunakan empat keeping kad daripada kad-kad ini. Cari:
(a) the number of different four-letter codes that can be formed.

bilangan kod empat-huruf berbeza yang dapat dibentuk.
(b) the number of four-letter codes that begin with a consonant.

bilangan kod empat-huruf yang bermula dengan huruf konsonan.

LATIHAN 18
The number of three-digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8,
without repetations. Calculate :
Nombor tiga-digit dibentukkan daripada digit-digit 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 dan 8, dengan ulangan digit
tidak dibenarkan. Cari :
(a) the number of three-digits numbers can be formed.

bilangan cara dengan mana nombor 3-digit itu dapat dibentuk.
(b) the number of three-digit that the last number less than 6.
bilangan nombor tiga-digit yang diakhiri dengan digit yang kurang daripada 6.
CONTOH 14
A committee that consists of 6 teachers is to be chosen from 7 male teachers and 5 female
teachers. Find the number of different committees that can be formed if
Satu jawatankuasa terdiri daripada 6 guru yang dipilih daripada 7guru lelaki dan 5 guru
perempuan. Cari bilangan cara jawatankuasa itu dapat dibentuk jika
(a) there is no restriction.

tiada syarat dikenakan.
12
Penyelesaian: C6 = 924
(b) 3 male teachers and 3 female teachers are required in the committee.
3 guru lelaki dan 3 guru perempuan diperlukan dalam jawatankuasa tersebut.
Penyelesaian:7C3 5C3 = 35 10
= 350
LATIHAN 19
A teacher wishes to choose 5 students for a debating team. These 5 students are chosen
from a group of 5 boys and 4 girls. Find the number of ways if
Seorang guru ingin memilih 5 orang pelajar untuk kumpulan perbahasan. 5 orang pelajar ini
dipilih daripada 5 pelajar lelaki dan 4 pelajar perempuan. Cari bilangan cara pelajar itu dipilih
jika
(a) there is no restriction.

tiada syarat dikenakan.
(b) consisting of 3 boys and 2 girls.

Terdiri daripada 3 pelajar lelaki dan 2 pelajar perempuan.

LATIHAN 20
A tennis team that consists of 8 students to be chosen from a group of 7 Form Four students
and 6 Form Five students. Calculate the number of teams that can be formed if
Satu kumpulan tenis terdiri daripada 8 pelajar yang dipilih daripada 7 pelajar Tingkatan
Empat dan 6 pelajar Tingkatan 5. Kira bilangan cara kumpulan itu dapat dibentuk jika
(a) the team must consist of exactly 5 Form Four students

kumpulan itu terdiri daripada 5 pelajar Tingkatan Empat.
(b) the number of Form Four students in the team must be more than the number of
Form Five students.
bilangan pelajar Tingkatan Empat di dalam kumpulan tersebut adalah lebih banyak
daripada bilangan pelajar Tingkatan Lima.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
18 PROBABILITY
KEBARANGKALIAN
CONTOH 15
A sample space of an experiment is given by S = { 1, 2, 3, , 20 }. Event Q and R are
defined as follows :
Satu ruang sampel bagi suatu eksperimen diberi oleh S = { 1, 2, 3, , 20 }. Peristiwa-
peristiwa Q dan R ditakrifkan seperti berikut:
Q : { 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 }
R : { 1, 3, 5, 15 }
Find / Cari
(a) P (Q),
(b) P (Q and R).
P (Q dan R ).
Penyelesaian:
(a) Since n(S) = 20 , n(Q) = 6

Therefore P(Q) = 6/20 = 3/10
(b) since Q R = 3,15 then n (Q R ) = 2
therefore P( Q dan R )= P(Q R)
= n (Q R) / n ( S)
= 2/20
= 1/10
LATIHAN 21
A sample space of an experiment is given by S = { 1, 2, 3, , 30 }.
Event M and N are defined as follows :
Satu ruang sampel bagi suatu eksperimen diberi oleh S = { 1, 2, 3, , 30 }. Peristiwa-

peristiwa M dan N ditakrifkan seperti berikut:
M : { 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 , 21, 24, 27, 30 }

N : { 1, 3, 5, 15, 21, 27 }
Find / Cari
(a) P (M),
(b) P (M and N).
P (M dan N ).

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
19 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
TABURAN KEBARANGKALIAN
CONTOH 16
(a) In a survey, 20% of the students in a district own a computer.
Dalam suatu kajian, 20% murid dalam satu daerah memiliki komputer.
(i) If 8 students are randomly selected from the district, find the probability that
at least two of them own a computer.
Jika 8 murid dipilih secara rawak daripada daerah itu, cari kebarangkalian
sekurang-kurang dua yang memiliki komputer.
(ii) If the variance of the students that own a computer is 180, what is the
population of the students in the district?
Jika varians murid yang memiliki komputer ialah 180, berapakah populasi
murid dalam daerah itu?
(b) The mass of the chickens in a farm is normally distributed with a mean of 2.4 kg
and a variance of 0.64 kg2. 300 of the chickens in the farm weigh between 2.3 kg
and 2.6 kg. Find the total number of chickens in the farm.
Jisim bagi ayam dalam sebuah ladang tertabur normal dengan min 2.4 kg dan
varians 0.64 kg2. 300 ekor ayam dalam ladang itu mempunyai jisim antara 2.3 kg
hingga 2.6 kg. Cari jumlah bilangan ekor ayam di ladang itu.
Penyelesaian:
(a) (i) P(X > 2)

=1 P (X = 0) P (X = 1) P (X = 2)
1 0.8 8 C1 0.20.8 8 C 2 0.2 0.8
8 7 2 6
= 0.2031
(b) (i) P (2.3 < X < 2.6)
2.3 2.4 2.6 2.4
P z
0.8 0.8
= P ( 0. 125 < z < 0.25)
f(z)
0.4502 0.4013
0.125 0.25 z
= 1 0.4013 0.4502
= 0.1485
Total number of chickens
300
= 0.1485
= 2020

LATIHAN 22
(a) The result of a study shows that 40% of the pupils in a city wearing a watch. If 8
pupils from the city are chosen at random, calculate the probability that
Keputusan suatu kajian menunjukkan bahawa 40% murid dalam sebuah Bandar
memakai jam tangan. Jika 8 orang murid dipilih secara rawak dari bandar itu,
hitungkan kebarangkalian bahawa
(i) exactly 2 of them wearing a watch.
tepat 2 orang memakai jam tangan.
(ii) less than 3 of them wearing a watch.
kurang daripada 3 orang memakai jam tangan.
(b) The mass of pumpkins produced from an orchard follows a normal distribution with
a mean of 4.8 kg and a standard deviation of 1.2 kg. Find
Jisim labu yang dihasilkan daripada sebuah kebun adalah mengikut taburan
normal dengan min 4.8 kg dan sisihan piawai 1.2 kg. Cari
(i) the probability that a pumpkin chosen randomly form the orchard has a mass
of more than 4.0 kg.
kebarangkalian bahawa sebiji labu yang dipilih secara rawak daripada
kebun itu berjisim melebihi 4.0 kg.
(ii) the value of m if 60% of the pumpkin from the orchard have a mass of less
than m kg.
nilai m jika 60% labu daripada kebun itu mempunyai jisim kurang daripada m
kg.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
20 MOTION ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE
GERAKAN PADA GARIS LURUS
CONTOH 17
A particle moves in a straight line from a fixed point P. Its velocity V m s 1 is given by
= 18 3 2 where t is the time in seconds after leaving O. (Assume motion to the right is
positive.) Find
Suatu zarah bergerak di sepanjang garis lurus dari titik tetap P. Halajunya, V m s 1 diberi
= 18 3 2 iaitu t ialah masa, dalam saat, selepas meninggalkan titik P. (Anggapkan
gerakan ke kanan adalah positif). Cari
(a) the initial acceleration, in m 1

pecutan awal zarah, dalam m 1
(b) the minimum velocity , in m 1
halaju minimum zarah itu dalam m 1
(c) the distance travelled during the third second,
jarak yang dilalui pada saat ketiga,
(d) the value of t when the particle passes the point P again,
nilai t apabila zarah itu melalui titik P lagi,
(e) the time when the particle reverses its direction of motion,
masa apabila zarah itu menukar arah gerakan,
(f) the total distance, in m. travelled by the particle in the first 8 seconds,
jumlah jarak, dalam m, oleh zarah itu dalam 8 saat pertama.
Penyelesaian:
= 18 3 2 (diberi)
= 9 2 3
= 18 6
(a) (0) = 18 6(0) = 18

(b) = 0; 18 6 = 0
=3
(3) = 18(3) 3(3)2
(3) = 27
(c) (3) (2)
[9(32 ) (3)3 ] [9(22 ) (2)3 ] = 26
(d) = 0; 9 2 3 = 0
2 (9 ) = 0
= 0,9 -> = 9
(e) 18 3 2 < 0
3(6 ) = 0
>6
(f) (0) = 0, (6) = 108, (8) = 64
(8) (6) = 44 ( ); (6) (0) = 108
Thus, Total distance / Maka, Jumlah jarak -> 108 + 44 = 152

CONTOH 18
A particle moves in a straight line and passes through a fixed point O, with velocity of
20 m s 1 . Its acceleration, a m s 2 , ts after passing through point O is given by = 8 2.
The particles stops after k s.
Satu zarah bergerak sepanjang suatu garis lurus dengan keadaan halaju ialah 20 m s 1 .
Pecutan zarah, a m s 2 , t s selepas melalui titik O diberi = 8 2. Zarah berhenti seketika
pada k s.
(a) Find / Cari

i. The maximum velocity of the particle / Halaju maksimum zarah itu,
ii. The value of k / nilai k.
(b) Sketch a velocity-time graph for 0 t k . Hence or otherwise, calculate the total
distance travelled during that period.
Lakar graf halaju-masa bagi julat 0 t k . Seterusnya, hitung jarak yang dilalui
sepanjang perjalanan tersebut.
Penyelesaian:
= 8 2 (diberi)
= 8 2
3
= 4 2
3
(a) i) = 0; 8 2 = 0
=4
(4) = 8(4) (4)2 = 16
ii) = 0; 8 2 = 0
(8 ) = 0
= 0, 8 -> = 4
(b) (0) = 0, (4) = 16, (8) = 0

v
(4,16)
t
8
(8)3
(4) = 4(8)2
3
256
(4) =
3

CONTOH 19
The diagram shows the positions and directions of motion of two particles P and Q in straight
line passing two fixed points A and B respectively.
Rajah menunjukkan pergerakkan dua objak P dan Q yang bergerak melalui titik tetap A dan
B masing-masing.P melepasi titik A sama dengan masa Q melepasi titik B. Jarak AB adalah
80 cm.
P Q
A C B
80 m
The velocity, P, vp m s 1 is given by = 16 + 4 2 2 where t is the time in seconds

after leaving A while Q travels with a constant velocity -3 m s 1 . Particles P stops
instantenously at the point C. (Assume motion to the right is positive.) Find
Halaju P , vp m s 1 diberi oleh = 16 + 4 2 2 di mana t adalah masa dalam saat

selepas melalui A dan Q bergerak secara seragam dengan laju -3 m s 1 . Objek P
berhenti rehat di C. (Anggap pergerakkan ke kanan adalah positif)
Find / Cari
a) the maximum velocity, in m s 1 , of P,
halaju maksimum P dalam m s 1 ,
b) the distance, in m, of C from A,

jarak C dari A,
c) the distance, in m, between P and Q when P is at the point C.

jarak dalam, m di antara objek P dan Q apabila P berada di titik C.
Penyelesaian:
= 16 + 4 2 2
2 3
= 16 + 2 2
3
= 4 4
(a) = 0; 4 4 = 0
=1
(1) = 4(1) (1)2 = 3
(b) 16 + 4 2 2 = 0
( + 2)( 4) = 0
=4
2(4)3
(4) = 16(4) + 2(4)2
3
256
(4) =
3
(c) Jarak C ke B : 3 4 = 12
256 52
Jarak: 80 12 3 = 3 ( )

LATIHAN 23
Diagram shows the position and direction of motion of two objects, P and Q, moving in
a straight line passing two fixed points, A and B, respectively. Object P passes the fixed
point A and object Q passes the fixed point B simultaneously. The distance AB is 24 m.
Rajah menunjukkan kedudukan dan arah gerakan dua objek, P dan Q, yang bergerak
pada suatu garis lurus dan masing-masing melalui dua titik tetap, A dan B. Pada ketika
P melalui titik tetap A, Q melalui titik tetap B. Jarak AB ialah 24 m.
P Q
A C B
24m
The velocity of P, vP m s-1, is given vP = 4 + 3t t, where t is the time, in seconds, after

it passes A, while Q travels with a constant velocity of vQ m s-1. Both objects P and Q
meet at C, 3 seconds after P passing through A.
Halaju P, vP m s-1, diberi oleh vP = 4 + 3t t, dengan keadaan t ialah masa, dalam
saat, selepas melalui A, manakala Q bergerak denan halaju malar vQ m s-1. Kedua-dua
bertemu di C, 3 saat selepas P melalui A.
[Assume that the positive direction of motion is towards the right.]
[Anggapkan gerakan kearah kanan sebagai positif]
Find
Carikan
(a) the distance, in m, of C from A.
jarak, dalam m, C dari A.
(b) the value of vQ.
nilai vQ.
(c) the distance, in m, between P and Q when P stops instantaneously.
Jarak, dalam m, antara P dan Q ketika P berhenti seketika.
LATIHAN 24
A particle moves in a straight line and passes through a fixed point O, with a velocity of
14 m s-1. Its acceleration, a m s-2, t seconds after passing through O is given by a = 5
2t. The particle stops after k s.
Suatu zarah bergerak di sepanjang suatu garis lurus dan melalui satu titik tetap O
dengan halaju 14 m s-1. Pecutannya, a m s-2, t saat selepas melalui O diberi oleh a = 5
2t. Zarah itu berhenti selepas k s.
[Assume motion to the right is positive]
(a) Find
Cari
(i) the maximum velocity of the particle.
halaju maksimum zarah.
(ii) the value of k.
nilai k.
(b) Sketch a velocity time graph for 0 t k. Hence, or otherwise, calculate the total
distance travelled during that period.
Lakar graf halaju melawan masa untuk 0 t k. Seterusnya, atau dengan cara
lain, hitung jumlah jarak yang dilalui dalam tempoh masa tersebut.

LATIHAN 25
A particle moves along a straight line and passes through a fixed point O. Its velocity, v,
m s-1, is given by v = t 5t + 4 , where t is the time, in seconds, after passing through
O.
Suatu zarah bergerak di sepanjang suatu garis lurus dan melalui satu titik tetap O.
Halajunya, v m s-1, diberi oleh v = t 5t + 4 dengan keadaan t ialah masa, dalam saat,
selepas melalui titik O.
[Assume motion to the right is positive]

Find
Cari
(a) the initial velocity, in m s-1.

halaju awal, dalam m s-1.
(b) the minimum velocity, in m s-1.

halaju minimum, dalam m s-1.
(c) the range of values of t during which the particle moves to the left.
julat nilai t ketika zarah bergerak ke arah kiri.
(d) the total distance, in m, travelled by the particle in the first 4 seconds.
Jumlah jarak, dalam m, yang dilalui oleh zarah dalam 4 saat pertama.

FORM 5 TINGKATAN 5
21 LINEAR PROGRAMMING
PENGATURCARAAN LINEAR
CONTOH 20
An institution offers two computer courses P and Q. The numbers of participants for courses
P is x and for course Q is y. The enrolment of paricipants is bades on the following
constraints:
Sebuah institusi menawarkan dua kursus computer P dan Q. Bilangan peserta bagi kursus P
ialah x orang dan bilangan peserta bagi kursus Q ialah y orang.
I : The total number of participants is not more than 100

Jumlah peserta tidak melebihi 100 orang
II : The number of participants for course Q is not more than 4 times the number
of participants for course P
Bilangan peserta kursus Q tidak melebihi 4 kali bilangan peserta kursus P
III: The number of paricipants for course P at least 5
Bilangan peserta kursus Q mesti melebihi bilangan peserta kursus P
sekurang-kurangnya 5 orang
(a) Write three inequalities, other than 0 and 0 which satisfy all the above
constraints.
Tulis tiga ketaksamaan selain 0 0, yang memenuhi semua kekangan
di atas.
(b) By using a scale of 2cm to 10 participants on the both axes, construct and shade
the region R that satisfies all the above constraints
Dengan menggunakan skala 2cm kepada 10 orang peserta pada kedua-dua paksi,
bina dan lorek rantau R yang memenuhi semua kekangan diatas
(c) By using your graph from (b), find

Dengan menggunakan graf anda dari (b), carikan
(i) The range of the number of participants for course Q if the number of
participants for course P is 30
Julat bilangan peserta bagi kursus Q jika bilangan peserta kursus P ialah 30
orang
(ii) The maximum total fees per month that can be collected if the fees per month
for courses P and Q are RM50 and RM60 respectively
Jumlah yuran maksimum sebulan yang boleh dikutip jika yuran sebulan bagi
kursus P dan kursus Q masing-masing ialah RM50 dan RM60

Penyelesaian :
(a) I: x + y 100
II : y 4x
III : yx 5
IV : y 5+x
(b) Rujuk graf dalam Penyelesaian.
(c) i) The range of the number of participants for course Q is 35 y 70

ii) Objective function = 50x + 60y
let the total fees collected be RM3000
50x + 60y = 3000
5x + 6y = 300
Based on the graph, the maximum collection is obtained when
x=20 and y = 80
Maximum total fees = 50(20) + 60(80)
= RM5800

100
= 4
90
80
70 + = 100
60
50 R
40
=+5
30
20
10 5 + 6 = 300

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

LATIHAN 26
A factory produces two components R and S. In a particular day, the factory produced x
pieces of component R and y pieces of component Q. The profit from the sales of a piece of
component R is RM15 and a piece of component S is RM12
Sebuah kilang menghasilkan dua komponen R dan S. Pada satu hari tertentu, kilang itu
menghasilkan x keeping komponen R dan y keeping komponen S. Keuntungan daripada
penjualan sekeping komponen R ialh RM15 dan sekeping komponen S ialah RM12.
The production of the components per day is based on the following constraints.
Penghasilan komponen-komponen itu dalam sehari adalah berdasarkan kekangan berikut:
I : The total number of components produced is at most 500

Jumlah komponen yang dihasilkan adalah selebih-lebihnya 500
II : The number of component R produced is not more than three times the
number of component S
Bilangan komponen R yang dihasilkan tidak melebihi tiga kali bilangan
komponen S
III : The minimum total profit for both components is RM4200

Jumlah keuntungan minimum bagi kedua-dua komponen adalah RM4200
(a) Write three inequalities, other than 0 and 0 which satisfy all the above
constraints.
Tulis tiga ketaksamaan selain 0 0, yang memenuhi semua kekangan
di atas.
(b) By using a scale of 2cm to 50 components on the both axes, construct and shade
the region R that satisfies all the above constraints
Dengan menggunakan skala 2cm kepada 50 komponen pada kedua-dua paksi,
bina dan lorek rantau R yang memenuhi semua kekangan diatas
(c) Use your graph in (b) to find

Guna graf anda di (b) untuk mencari
(i) The minimum number of pieces of component Q if the number of pieces of
component P produced on a particular day is 100
Bilangan minimum komponen Q jika bilangan komponen P yang dihasilkan
pada satu hari tertentu adalah 100
(ii) The maximum total profit per day
Jumlah keuntungan maksimum dalam sehari

ANSWER SCHEME
22 SKEMA JAWAPAN
CHAPTER 1
FUNCTION FUNGSI
4
1. (a) 11 (b) 20 (c) 5 (d) 5
2 2 2
2. (a) , 1, , -
3 5 5
(b) x = 3
4
3. (a) 9 (b) 5
4. (a) fg(x) = 5x + 15 , gf(x) = 5x + 3
(b) fg(x) = 10x + 14, gf(x) = 4x + 1
(c) fg(x) = 3(x2 8x + 16 )
gf(x) = 3x2 4
10
(d) fg(x) = , gf(x) = 1 -
5. (a) 10x 2 (b) 10x -4
(c) 20 (d) 14
1 +8
6. (a) 2 (b) 5
5+1 3
(c) 3 (d) 2
7. (a) 5
Test Yourself / Uji Diri Anda

1. (a) 8x + 11
(b) 8x + 1
(c) 16x 5
(d) 1
2. (a) x 4
1
(b) 3 3
3. (a) h = 1, k = - 1
(b) x = 5 or x = - 2
4. p = 4, q = -5
CHAPTER 2
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS PERSAMAAN KUADRATIK
1. (b) x = 2
1 5
(c) x = 3 , or x= 2
1
(d) x = 3 , or x = 4
(e) x = 5 , or x = -2
10 10
(f) n = 3 or n = 3
(g) a =0 or a = -2

4
(h) x = 2 , or x =
3
(i) x = 4 or x = -5
16
(j) t =0 or t = 9
2. (b) x = 4.193 , or x = -1.193

(c) x = -1.140 , or x = 6.140
(d) m = 2.899, or m = -6.899
(e) x = 0.6458 , or x= - 4.646
(f) k = 0.7676, or k = -0.4343
3. (b) x = 4.19 or x = -1.19

(c) x = -1.14 or x = 6.14
(d) m = 2.90 or m = -6.90
(e) x =0.646 , or x= -4.65
(f) k =0.768, or k = 0.434
4.
a) +
2
b) -5
5
8
10
c) 3
3
3
d) 2
2
5. (b) 2x2 15x 9 = 0

(c) 4x2 3x + 2 = 0
6. (b) 8 ; 2 distinct roots / 2 punya nyata berbeza

(c) -11; no distinct root / tiada punca nyata berbeza
(d) 800 ; 2 distinct roots / 2 punya nyata berbeza
2 1
7. (a) k = 3 (b) k < 2

1. 4x2 -5x -3=0
1
2. k =
4
5. m = 4, -0.5714
6. k < 3

CHAPTER 3
QUADRATIC FUNCTION FUNGSI KUADRATIK
1.
No Min/Max Corresponding
Min/Max point Sketched Graph
Value of y value of x
(2,4)
2 4 2
(2,4)
3 -3 1 (1,-3)
(1,-3)
(1,2)
5 2 1 (1,2)
(2,4)
6 4 2 (2,4)
2.
No Sketched Graph Sketched Graph
2
(3,1)
(2,3)
Axis symmetry Axis symmetry

x=2 x=3

3 (1,3)
(-2,1)

x= -2 x= 1
4 (-1,4)
(-3,1)

x= -3 x= -1
5 1 3 19
3. (2) (x+ 2)2 - 4 ; 2(x +2)2 - 2
(3) (x-3)2 - 1 ; 3 (x+1)2 - 30
(4) (x-2)2 -4 ; 3(x-3)2 2
4. - (x-3)2 + 16
i. maximum value is 16 , and the
corresponding value is 3
ii.
(3,16-)
7 Axis symmetry, x= 3
5.
2 2
5. (b) 2<x<3 (c) x < - or x >
3 3
(d) x -3 or x 2
Test Yourself / Uji Diri Anda :

2
1. (a) - (x+)2 +7+ 4 b= 6, p = 3
(b) (-3,16)
(c) -7<x<1
2. graph Axis symmetry x = 0.5 , range = -6f(x)6.2
3. (a) -3(x-1)2 + 2 , maximum value = 2 when x = 1

(b)

(1,2)
2 Axis symmetry, x= 1
-1
1
(c) m < -1
4. m < 1 or m

CHAPTER 4
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION PERSAMAAN SERENTAK
1. (b) x=7, y=13 ; x=1, y = 1

(c) y=0.8, x=0.4 ; y=0.5, x=1
(d) y=5, x = 1 ; y=2 , x=4
2. (b) m=0.6056, p=2.6056

m=-6.6056, p = - 4.6056
(c) h=0.7863, h= - 2.1196
k=2.7863, k= -0.1196
(d) y=0.6385, y = - 1.3052
x= 11.554, x= 3.7792
3. (b) x= -2 , x= - 1
y =5 , y = 3
(c) x = 2.5, x = 2
y = 2.5, y = 3
(d) x= - 1 , x = -4
y = -2 , y = 10

1. y = -2, y =
x= 15, x = 0
2. x= 2.571 , x = 9
y= 1.286 , y = -3
3. x = 0.5, x = -1
y= 2, y = -4
4. y =4 , y = -1.5
x= 9 , x = -2
5. a=0.6056 , a = -6.6056
b=2.6056, b= -4.6056
CHAPTER 5
INDICES & LOGARITHMS INDEKS & LOGARITMA
2
1. (b) 55n (c) x4 (d) ab3 (e) 28+n (f)
5
2. 3 (13)
3. (b) 3 log a + 2 log b
(c) 3 log a + 6 log b
(d) log a + log b log c
(e) 3 log a b
(f) 2 3 log m b log m b
4. (b) lg 2 (c) log 2 xy2
5
5. (b) (c) (d)
4 2
1 5
6. (c) - 2 (d) 0.2018 (e) 3 (f) 1.6131
117
1. -1.677
2. 3
3. 2p -1-m
3
4. 2
5. -3
6. 3r +1-2p
7. x = 1
8. y = 2x
CHAPTER 6
COORDINATE GEOMETRY GEOMETRI KOORDINAT
1. (b) 13 unit
(c) q = -1 or q = -7
(d) a=4 , or a=-6
2. (b) ( -1, -2) (c) (2,1) (d) (-3,18)
3. (b) (-6,2) (c) (3,7)
4. (b) 20 unit2 (c) 8.857 , 2 (d) Area = 0
3 7
5. (b) y = 2 2 (d) y = 2x 2
6. (b) x + y + 6x + 2y 15 =0 (d) 3x2 + 3y2 + 10x 26y + 58 = 0
2 2
CHAPTER 7
STATISTIC STATISTIK
1 (a) 96 7 (a) 44.5

(b) 16 (b) 46.28
2 (a) 68 8 (a) 11
(b) 27 (b) 16
3 28 9 (a) 29
(b) 18
4 31.5 10 (a) 6
(b) 24
5 (a) 3 11 (a) 4
(b) 12.17 (b) 30
6 (a) 5
(b) 12.33
118
CHAPTER 8
CIRCULAR MEASURE SUKATAN MEMBULAT
1 (a) 3240 (d) 2880 (e) 180

(f) 135 (g) 2160 (h) 186013 atau 186.20
2 7 1 2
(b) rad (c) = rad (d) rad
9 6 3
25 31
(e) 36 rad (f) 36 rad
3 (a) 0.524 rad (d)2.084 rad (e)3.910 rad
(f) 0.798 rad
4 (b) 10.912 (d) (a) 1.214 rad (f) (a) 0.644 rad
(b) 18.177 (b) 18.45 cm2
Test your self

1 0.845 rad
2 7.676 cm
CHAPTER 9
DIFFERENTIATION PEMBEZAAN
1 (a) -4 (d) (e) tidak tertakrif

(f) 3x2 + 6x 1 1
(g) - (h) - 2
2 12 (d) 2x3 + 8x 6
(c) - 4 (e)
9
(g) 18x - 12 9
(h) 2 + 2

3 (a) -24x ( 6 4x2)2 (c) 6x2 ( x3 9)5 (d) -10
3 (5x + 1 )2
(e) -60 (f) -12
( 6x 3 ) 3 ( 4t + 6 )4
4 (b) 12x2 16x7 (c) (x + 1)3(6x2 + 2x) (d) (x+3)2(6x+ 5)
(e)2x(4 -3x) (-6x +4) (f) 36x2 + 42x -20

5 (b) 15 (c) ) 8x (d) -(45x +29)(1-3x)3
(x + 3 )2 (7 x2 )2 (5x + 2 )2
(e) ) -(4x + 13) (f) (3-x)(3x - 1)
(x + 1 )4 (x + 1 )2
6 (b) (i) kecerunan tangen : 5
kecerunan normal: -1
5
(ii)persamaan tangen : y = 5x +2
persamaan normal: 5y = -x + 36
7 (b) (i) (4, 20)

(ii) d2y = -2 ( < 0),
dy2
( 4,20) titik maksimum
(iii) Nilai maksimum 20
119
8 (c) (i) (0, -1) , ( -2, 29)
(ii) d2y = 12 ( > 0), d2y = -12 ( < 0),
dy2 dy2
( 0, -1) titik minimum ( -2, 29) titik maksimum
(iii) Nilai maksimum -1 Nilai maksimum 29
CHAPTER 10
SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES PENYELESAIAN SEGITIGA
1 (a) 20.016 cm (c) 10.418 cm (d) 12.630 cm

2 (b)37.910
3 (b) 8.544 cm (c)9.768 cm (d)11.269 cm
4 (b) 57.420
5 (b)57.321 cm2 (c) 48.614 cm2 (d)32.835 cm2
(e) (i) 6.223 cm
(ii) 100.5760
6 (i) 61.330
(ii) 12.912 cm
CHAPTER 11
INDEX NUMBER NOMBOR INDEKS
1 (b) (a) 120

(b)180
(c)150
(c) 122.5 (d) 115
2 (b) RM 50 (c) RM 0.34 (d) RM 1725
(e) RM 1.20 (f) RM 8.00
3 (b) 145 (c)110 (d) 97
(e) 119.5 (f) 121
5 (a) h = 112.5 (b) 120.79 (c) (i) 150.79
k = 1.52 (ii) RM 42.22
7 (a)133.33 (b) (i) 141.18 (c) 108.1
(ii) RM 10.03
(d) RM 216.94
120
CHAPTER 12
ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS JANJANG ARITMETIK
1. 10, 7, 4, . Find the nth term

Cari sebutan ke-n
Common difference, d = T2 T1 [8 th term/ sebutan ke-8)
Beza sepunya, d = -7 (-10)
= 3 1. 10, 7, 4, .
= + ( 1)
8 = 10 + (8 1)(3)
8 = 11
2. , 3, 5,
Common difference, d = T2 T1 8 = + ( 1)
Beza sepunya, d = 3 8 = + (8 1)(2)
= 2 8 = 15
1 5 9
3. , , ,
4 4 4
8 = + ( 1)
1
Common difference, d = T2 T1 8 = + (8 1)(1)
5 1 4
Beza sepunya, d = 4 4 1
8 = 7
= 1 4
C D
Find the number of terms Find the sum of the first n terms
Cari bilangan sebutan Cari hasil tambah n sebutan pertama
10, 7, 4, , 17

= [2 + ( 1)]
= + ( 1) 2
17 = 10 + ( 1)(3)
17 = 10 + 3 3 8
8 = [2(10) + (8 1)(3)]
17 = 13 + 3 2
30
= = 10 8 = 4[20 + 21]
3
8 = 4
4. , 3, 5, , 21

= [2 + ( 1)]
= + ( 1) 2
21 = + ( 1)(2) 8
8 = [2() + (8 1)2]
21 = + 2 2 2
2 = 22 8 = 4[2 + 14]
22
= = 11 8 = 64
2
1 5 9 29
5. , , , 4
4 4 4
= [2 + ( 1)]
2
121
= + ( 1)
29 1 8 1
= + ( 1)(1) 8 = [2 ( ) + (8 1)(1)]
4 4 2 4
28
=1 1
4 8 = 4 [ + 7]
32 2
=
4
=8 8 = 30
A B
Example: Example
Find the common ratio, r Find the nth term
Cari nisbah sepunya, r Cari sebutan ke-n
7, 35, 175, .

Common difference, r = 2
1 = 1
35
Beza sepunya, r = 5 = (7)(5)51
7
= 4 375
=5
7, 1.4, 0.28, .
Common difference, r =
2 = 1
1
1.4 5 = (7)(0.2)51
Beza sepunya, r = 7 = 0.0112
= 0.2
3 1 1 = 1
, , ,
4 2 3
3 4
2 5 = ( )( )51
Common difference, r = 4 6
1 4
= 27
1
2
Beza sepunya, r = 3
4
2
=
3
122
C D E
Example: Example Find the sum to infinity
Find the number of terms Find the sum of the first n terms Cari hasil tambah
Cari bilangan sebutan Cari hasil tambah n sebutan ketakterhinggaan
pertama
7, 35, 245, ., 21 875 7, 35, 175, .

( 1) , >1
=
= 1 1
21 875 = (7)(5)1 4
7((5)8 1)
= , 1 < < 1
21 875 8= 15
= (5)1 51
7 = 683 592
3 125 = (5)1 7
=
(5)5 = (5)1 4
5=1
=6
7, 1.4, 0.28, ., (1 ) , <1 7, 1.4, 0.28, .

=
0.00224 1

= , 1 < < 1
= 1 8=
7(1(0.2)8 ) 1
1(0.2)
0.00224 = (7)(0.2)1
0.00224 = 8.75 7
= (0.2)1 =
7 1 (0.2)
0.00032 = (0.2)1
35
(0.2)5 = (0.2)1 = 4
5=1
=6
3 1 1 16 (1 ) , <1 3 1 1
, , ,, =
1
, , ,
4 2 3 243 4 2 3
= 1 3 2 8
)
16 3 2 4(1(3 ) 3
= ( )( )1 8 = 2
1( ) 4
243 4 3 3 =
16(4) 2 1 = 2.1622 2
1 (3)
= ( )
243(3) 3
64 2 1 =4
9
= ( )
729 3
2 6 2 1
( ) = ( )
3 3
6=1
=7
123
CHAPTER 13
LINEAR LAW HUKUM LINEAR
Latihan 3
1.
log x 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8
log y 0.68 0.58 0.42 0.34 0.18 0.08
b) log 10 y = -p log 10 x + log 10 q
p = 0.8571
q = 5.754
2.
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
log y 0.67 0.852 1.043 1.218 1.408 1.602
p = 3.02
k = 1.54
CHAPTER 14
INTEGRATION PENGAMIRAN
Latihan 4
Indefinite Integral
Kamiran Tak Tentu
1. 3x7 +7 dx 2. (6x7 + 6x5) dx 3. (6x8 + 2x2) dx

3x7 + 1 x7 + 1 x5 + 1 x8 + 1 x2 + 1
= 7 + 1 +7x + c = 6(7 + 1) + 6(5 + 1) + c = 6(8 + 1) + 2(2 + 1) + c
3 2 2
3 = 4 x8 + x6 + c = 3 x9 + 3 x3 + c
= 8 x8 + 7x + c
1 1
3 6. 4x6 + 7x7 +1 dx
4. (5x2 + 2x3) dx 5. 7 x53x2 + 4 dx x6 + 1 x7 + 1
= 4( ) + 7( ) +x+ c
3 x5 + 1 6+1 7+1
3 4 = 7 (5 + 1) - x3 + 4x + c 4 7
2 3 = 7 x7 + 8 x8 +x+ c
= 5(3 )x2 + 2(4 )x3 + c 1
= 14 x6 -x3 + 4x + c
3 4
10 3
= 3 x2 + 2 x3 + c
124
Latihan 5
1. (x + 3)5 dx 4
3. (6x + 1)2 dx
(x + 3)5 + 1 2. (4x + 3) dx
5
= (36x2 + 12x + 1) dx
= +c = 12x3 + 6x2 + x + c
1(5 + 1)
4
1 (4x + 3)5 + 1
= 6 (x + 3)6 + c
= 4 +c
4(5 + 1)
9
5
= 36 (4x + 3)5 + c
Latihan 6
1. Let u = 5x + 9 2.Let u = 9x + 5 3.Let u = 4x + 3

du du du
dx = 5 dx = 9 dx = 4
1 1 1
dx = du dx = du dx = du
5 9
4
7 8 (4x + 3)5dx
(5x + 9)9 dx (9x + 5)7 dx
1
7 1 8 1 = u5( du)
= (u)9 (5 du) = (u)7 (9 du) 4
7 8 1 5
= 5 u9 du = 9 u7 du = u du
4
7 4 1 6
= u8 + c = u6 + c = u+c
40 27
7 4 24
= 40u8 + c = 27u6 + c 1
= (4x+3)6+c
7 4 24
= +c = +c
40(5x + 9)8 27(9x + 5)6
Latihan 7
dy dy dy
1. dx = (3x + 1)2 2. dx = 2x2 + 3x2 3. dx = (9x + 1)2
y = (3x + 1)2 dx y = (2x2 + 3x2) dx y = (9x + 1)2 dx
x2 + 1 x2 + 1
y = (9x2 6x + 1) dx = 2(2 + 1) + 3(2 + 1) + y = (81x2 + 18x + 1) dx
c
= 3x3 3x2 + x + c 2 = 27x3 + 9x2 + x + c
= + x3 + c
x
When x = 1, y = 2 When x = 1, y = 15
2 = 3(1)3 3(1)2 + (1) + When x = 1, y = 3 15 = 27(1)3 + 9(1)2 + (1) + c
c 2 c=4
c = 3 3 = 1(1) + (1)3 + c y = 27x3 + 9x2 + x + 4
y = 3x3 3x2 + x 3 c = 2
2
y = x + x3 2
125
Latihan 8
1. [
2 3 3
x 3 x 2 5 x ]9
2. = x 2x 2 2
1
3.
2
(x 2) dx
0
2
3 = [2-2(2)2] [1-2(1)2] 2
= [2/3(3)2 6(3) + 5] = x 4 x 4dx
2
= -5 0
[2/3(9)2 6(9) + 5]
1 3 2
=84 = [ x 2 x 4 x]
2
3 0
1
=[ (2)3+2(2)2+4(2)]- [0]
3
50
=
3
Latihan 9
8
1. 1 [5 2f(x)] dx
8 8
= 1 5 dx 2 1 f(x) dx
8
= [5x] 1 2(3)
= (40 5) + 6
= 39
2. 2 9
a) 9 f(x) dx = 2 f(x) dx
= 7
9 175
b) 2 [kx + 7f(x)] dx =
2
9 9 175
2 kx dx + 72 f(x) dx = 2
x2 9 175
k[ 2 ]2 + 7(7) = 2
81 175
k( 2 2) + 49 = 2
k=1
6 81
3. 2 [9f(x) + kx] dx = 7
6 6 81
92 f(x) dx + 2 kx dx = 7
x2 6 81
9(1) + k[ 2 ]2 = 7
81
9 + k(18 2) = 7
9
k=
7
126
CHAPTER 16
VECTOR VEKTOR
Latihan 10
= 4 + 12
(a) i.
ii.
= 5
(b)
= = + 3
4 + 12 = ( + 3)
Guna Kaedah Perbandingan : =4

, Oleh itu titik B, Q dan D adalah segaris.
= 4

(c ) 26.83
Latihan 11
= 1
(a) i. 4
2 1
ii.
= 3 + 3

2 1
=
(b) i . +
3 3
ii. = ( 1 1 )
4 4
2 1 1 1
Guna Kaedah Perbandingan : 3
= 4
4 , 3
=
1 1
= 3 , = 2
Latihan 12
(a) i .
= 6 + 15
ii .
= 6 + 9
= 6 + 9
(b) i .
ii = (6 6) + 15k

Guna Kaedah Perbandingan : 6 = 6 6 , 9 = 15

3 5
= 8
, = 8
127
Latihan 13
(a) i.
= 6 + 2
4
ii.
= 3 + 6
=
(b) i . = 6 + 2
ii.
= = 4 + 6
3
Vektor yang dicari bukan vektor yang sama, maka ini adalah soalan vektor paduan.

+
=

4 2
6 + 2 + 3 + 6 = 3 + 6
4 2
(6 6) + (2 + ) = + 6
3 3
4 2
Guna Kaedah Perbandingan : 6 6 = 6 , 2 + =
3 3
4 1
= 5 , = 5
CHAPTER 16
TRIGONOMETRI FUNTION FUNGSI TRIGONOMETRI
Latihan 14
(a)
128
(b) x
tan 2x + 2 = 0 , y = tan 2x
x
tan 2x + 2 = 0
x
tan 2x = + 2
x
y=

+2 x 0
When x = 0, y = 2
y 2 1
When x = , y = 1
Latihan 15
(a)
(b) 18 cos x = 10 + 6x , y = 1 9 cos x

10 6
9 cos x = 2 + 2 x
6
1 9 cos x = 5 + x1
2
6
1 9 cos x = x6
2
6
y = 2 x 6
x 0 2
When x = 0, y = 6
y -6 0
When x = 2, y = 0
129
Latihan 16
(a)
(b)
4 sin x = 0 , y = 4 sin x
x

4 sin x = x

y=x Graf Salingan
CHAPTER 17
PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION PILIHATUR DAN GABUNGAN
Latihan 17
a) 7P4 = 840
b) 5 6P3 = 600
Latihan 18
a) 6P3 = 120
b) 4 5P2 = 80
130
Latihan 19
a) 9C5 = 126
b) 5C3 4C2 = 10 6
= 60
Latihan 20
a) 7C5 6C3 = 21 20
= 420
b) ( C7 C1) + (7C6 6C2) + (7C5 6C3) = 6 + 105 + 420
7 6
= 531
CHAPTER 18
PROBABILITY KEBARANGKALIAN
Latihan 21
(a) Since / oleh kerana n (S) = 30 , n (M) = 10
Therefor maka P(Q) = 10/30 = 1/3
(b) Since / oleh kerana M N = 3,15, 27 then n (M N ) = 3
Therefor/ maka P( M dan N ) = P(M N)
= n (M N) / n ( S)
= 3/30
= 1/10
CHAPTER 19
PROBABILTY DISTRIBUTION TABURAN KEBARANGKALIAN
Latihan 22
(a) (i) P(X = 2)
8 C 2 0.4 0.6
2 6
= 0.209
(ii) P(X 2)
= P( X = 0)+ P(X = 1) + P(X = 2)
0.6 8C1 0.40.6 8C2 0.4 0.6
8 7 2 6
= 0.3154
131
(b) (i)
f(z)
0.2523
0.667 z
P(X > 4)
4 4.8
P z
1.2
= P(z > 0.667)
= 1 0.2523
= 0.7477
(ii)
f(z)
0.6
0.4
k = 0.253 z
seen 0.4 (P1)
k = 0.253
m 4.8
0.253
1.2
m = 5.1
132
CHAPTER 20
MOTION ALONG BA STRAIGHT LINE GERAKAN PADA GARIS LURUS
Latihan 23
(a) vP 4 3t t 2
sP 4 3t t 2 dt
3t 2 t 3
s P 4t c
2 3
t = 0, s = 0, c = 0
When, t = 3
3(3) 2 (3) 3
s P 4(3)
2 3
= 16.5
(b) Distance C from B = 24 16.5 = 7.5
7.5
v 2.5
3
vQ 2.5
(c) 4 + 3t t = 0
( t 4 )( t + 1 ) = 0
t = 4, t = 1
t>0,
t=4
3(4) 2 (4) 3
s P 4(4)
2 3 or sQ 2.5 4 10
2
18
3
2
s 18 10 24
3
2
4
3
Latihan 24
(a) (i) a = 5 2t
v = (5 2t)dt
v = 5t t + c
t = 0, v = 14, c =14
v = 5t t +14
Maximum velocity, a = 0
5 2t = 0
133
5
t
2
2
5 5 81
v 5 14
2 2 4
(ii) Stop, v = 0
0 = 5t t +14
t 5t 14 = 0
( t 7)( t + 2) = 0
t = 7 or t = 2
t>0
k=7
(b) v
( 5 , 81)
2 4
14
7 t
Shape
Passing through two points, (7, 0), (0, 14) or
52 , 814
7
5t t 14dt
2
7
5t 2 t 3
14t
2 3 0
7
5(7) 2 (7) 3
14(7) 0
2 3 0
637

6
134
Latihan 25
(a) v = t 5t +4
When t = 0
v=4 (P1)
(b) v = t 5t +4
a = 2t 5
Minimun velocity, a = 0
5
a
2
2
5 5
v 5 4
2 2
9
v
4
(c) moving to the left, v < 0
t 5t +4 0
( t 4 )( t 1) < 0
1 4
1<t<4
(d) 1
t 5t 4dt
2
0
1
t 3 5t 2
4t
3 2 0
13 5(1) 2
4(1) 0
3 2
11

6
4
t 5t 4dt
2
1
4
t 3 5t 2
4t
3 2 1
4 5(4)
3 2
13 5(1) 2
4(4) 4(1)
3 2 3 2
9

2
135
11 9

Total distance 6 2
19

3
CHAPTER 21
LINEAR PROGRAMMING PENGATURCARAAN LINEAR
Latihan 26
a) I: + 500
II: 3
III: 15 + 12 4200
b) Rujuk Graf
c) i) berdasarkan pada graf apabila x=100, maka nilai minimum ialah y = 225
ii) Jumlah keuntungan maksimum dalam sehari
Fungsi Objektif 15 + 12
Jumlah keuntungan x = 375 dan y = 125, maka
15(375) + 12(125)
7125
136

500
450
400
350
300
250
200
R + = 500
150
5 + 4 = 1400
100
1
=
50 3

50 100 200 250 300 350 400
137

FORM 4 FUNCTIONS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

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FORM 4 TINGKATAN 4

1. Determine the image of a function given the object or vice versa.

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) Given that f ( x) x 2 4 . Evaluate

(c) A function h is defined as (d) Given the function m(x) = x 3 . Find

1|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

(a) Given the function g(x) = 2x 9 . Find x4

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) f(x) = 5x 1 & g(x) = 2x + 3

2|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

(a) fg(x) (b) gf(x)

(c) fg(4) (d) gf(- 1)

6. Determine the inverse function for given functions

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) g ( x ) = 5x 8

3|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

4|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

1. Given the function f ( x) 4 x 1 and g ( x) 2 x 3 . Find the composite functions

(a) the value of h and k

(b) the values of x such that f(x) = x

4. Given f(x) = px + q, f(0) = -5 and f(3) = 7. Find the value of p and q

5|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

1. Solve the following quadratic equations by factorization.

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x 2 4x + 4 = 0

(c) 6x 2 + 13x 5 = 0 (d) 4x 2 13x + 3 = 0

(e) (2x 3) 2 = 49 (f) 100 9n 2 = 0

(g) 2a 2 + 4a = 0 (h) (3x + 1)(x - 1) = 7

6|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x 2 3x 5 = 0

(e) x(x + 4) = 3 (f) k 1 2

7|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x 2 3x 5 = 0

(7) (7) 2 4(2)( 3)

(e) x(x + 4) = 3 (f) k 1 2

8|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) 3 2x 2 = 10x

5. Solve the following

(a) Example/ Contoh

9|MODUL PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

10 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

(a) Example/ Contoh (b) x2 8x + 14 = 0

(c) x(3x 5) = 2x- 5 (d) 5(5 4x) = 4x2

7. Solve the following by using discriminant.

11 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

1. If and are the roots of equation 2x 2 5x 6 = 0 , form a quadratic

3. Show that the equation x2 + m + 1 = 8x has two different roots if m < 15

5. Find the possible values of m if the quadratic equation (4 2m)x2 2m = 1 3mx

12 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

1. Maximum and Minimum Value of a Quadratic Functions.

Min/ Max Min/ Max

13 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

No. Function Function

14 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

1. Example/ Contoh Example/ Contoh

15 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

EXAMPLE/ CONTOH EXERCISE/ LATIHAN

(i) Minimum value of f ( x ) 1 ,

16 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

Given f ( x ) 9 x 2 4 . Find the range of Solve the inequality x x 6 0

x for which f(x) is positive. Selesaikan ketaksamaan

17 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

3. Given the function of f(x) = 6x 1 3x2.

4. Determine the ranges of values of m if the quadratic equation x2 +(m 1)x = 1 m

18 | M O D U L PLUS JABATAN PENDIDIKAN SELANGOR

1. Solve each of the following