First description and status change:

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila

s 7.2
ISSN 2285 3987

October
the passion for cacti and other succulents 2015
 First description and status change:
A new subspecies of
Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila

contents
This is Xerophilia Special issue No 7.2 - October 2015
and it is not the official first description and status change of
the new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila, that was already published in
Xerophilia Special issue No 7.1 - October 2015.

4 1a: subsp. breckwoldtiorum J.A. De-Nova, P. Castillo-Lara & W. Blum subsp. nov.

12 1b: subsp. occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) W. Rischer, S. Breckwoldt & K. Breckwoldt

14 Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage

15 Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage

In: Preisverzeichniss ber Cacteen und Succulenten 22, 1860

16 2a: E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus (Frster ex Schumann) W. Blum stat. nov.

17 2b: Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage subsp. stramineus

20 Aknowledgements

20 Bibliographical References

The graphic structure of this special issue is based on the authors' demand.

Founders: Eduart Zimer Dag Panco Valentin Posea Nordic representative Erik Holm
Supporter Mihai Crisbanu
Editor: Eduart Zimer Editorial team's e-Mail: xerophilia@xerophilia.ro.

EN edition Eduart Zimer Graphic layout based on Andrea Cattabriga's pattern.

RO edition Valentin Posea All rights reserved no part of this publication may be reproduced in any forms
SP edition & Field researches Pedro Njera Quezada or by any means, without written permission of the Editor. All copyrighted
PR & Graphic Dag Panco photographs have been used under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
Cartography Miguel Angel Gonzlez Botello International license.

Front cover Back cover

Echinocereus occidentalis subsp. Echinocereus occidentalis subsp.

breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Tanque occidentalis, Mex.: Durango, near Nazas.
Menchaca.

photo by Grzegorz Matuszewski photo by Uli Dosedal.

Contents 2 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987

 First description and status change:
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila
contents

Jose Arturo De-Nova, Pedro Castillo-Lara & Wolfgang Blum

Echinocereus occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) W. Rischer, S. Breckwoldt & K. Breckwoldt

In: Der Echinocereenfreund 22 (1): 23 (2008 [2009 publ. 2008] )

Basionym:
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis N.P. Taylor. - Bradleya 6: 70 (1988)

Holotype:
Mxico: Durango: Hwy Fed. 45, 1400 - 1500 m NN, 1 July 1986, N.P. TAYLOR 240B [MEXU 432560]
(further types see below)

Description:
stem
shape: forming clumps, - 60 cm in diameter, cylindrical, erect
height/diameter: - 300 / 50 - 80
epidermis colour: light green
rib shape: slight bumps
number/width: 12 - 19 / 3 - 10
height/distance: 5 - 10 / 10 - 15
root: branched, fibrous
spination
areole shape: round
length/diameter/distance: 3 - 5 / 3 - 5 / 10 - 15
radials: number/length: 9 - 13 / 15 - 20
colour: white - yellow, dark-tipped
radials: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / needle-like, straight
centrals: number/length: 1 - 5 / 40 - 55
colour: white - black
centrals: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / needle-like, stiff, straight
flower
flower-bud: small, green, blunt-tipped
flower shape: funnel-shaped
length/diameter: 50 - 70 / 50 - 70
flower colour: crimson - magenta, throat pale
tube: length/diameter: 25 - 30 / 14 - 20
colour: dark green
ovary: length/diameter: 10 - 15 / 10 - 15
colour: dark green
spination/length/colour: - 10 / - 20 / white
wool/length: felty / 1
petals length/width: 20 - 30 / 4 - 10
nectar-chamber: length/width: 3 4.5 / 1.7 2.7
filament: length/colour: 6 - 14 / white - greenish
anther colour/pollen colour: yellow / yellow
style length/width: 20 - 25 / 1.5 2.2
colour: white-yellowy
stigma lobes: number/length: 10 - 14 / 3.5 - 6
colour: dark green
fruit
shape/maturity time: round / 2 - 3 months
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length/diameter: - 30 / - 30
colour: green, pinkish - reddish tinged
pulp: white - pink
peculiarity: - lateral splitting
seed
length/width/colour: 0.9 1.1 / 0.8 1.0 / black
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 3 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
 microstructure: perforated testa, with weak cell boundary lines
wart form: convex - conic
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warts structure: clearly visible medium - coarse folding of the cuticle

structure of warts caps: clearly visible medium folding of the cuticle
chromosome number: 2n = 22
habitat
terrain/soil/height: hilly to mountainous shrub desert / on limestone and volcanic rock / 800 - 1800 m
NN
range: Mxico: central - eastern Durango, south-western Coahuila, northern Zacatecas
field numbers: HK 1136, NPT 0240 B, SB 0491, SB 0499

1a: subsp. breckwoldtiorum J.A. De-Nova, P. Castillo-Lara & W. Blum subsp. nov.

Holotype
Mexico: Coahuila: Mpio. San Pedro de las Colonia. Ejido La Candelaria en los alrededores de las
cuevas mortuorias. 260918N, 1024139.8W. Matorral desrtico con Larrea tridentata, Fouquieria
splendens, Agave lechuguilla, Opuntia spp., Mimosa sp., Leucophyllum sp., Prosopis glandulosa, Euphorbia
antisyphilitica, Jatropha dioica, Grusonia bradtiana, Ferocactus hamatacanthus y Thelocactus bicolor.
Terrenos con afloramientos calizos y yesosos. Altitud 890 m. Planta cespitosa con tallos simples, con
flores color fuchsia y frutos inmaduros. 29 de Mayo de 2015. J.A. DE NOVA 690 [SLPM 051253]

Etymology
This new subspecies is named after the couple Sybille and Klaus Breckwoldt for their services to the
genus Echinocereus.

English Diagnosis
The subsp. breckwoldtiorum different from the subsp. occidentalis by:
more ribs: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 15 - 19 subsp. occidentalis 12 - 17
more radial spines: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 13 - 15, subsp. occidentalis 9 - 13
more central spines: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 3 - 5, subsp. occidentalis 1 - 3,
be lower distribution: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 800 - 1200 m above sea level, subsp. occidentalis
1200 - 1800 m above sea level
be west to north-western area of distribution.

Accompanying flora
Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) F. Sencke ex. J.N. Haage these flowers 3 - 5 weeks earlier

Synonym
E. longisetus sensu BRAVO. - Las Cactceas de Mxico, ed. 1: Fig. 189 (1937)
E. spec. Viesca

terrain
hilly to mountainous desert shrub
soil
on limestone
altitude
800 - 1200 m NN
range
Mxico: south-western Coahuila and northern Zacatecas

Material examined
Echinocereus: Herbarium sheet Arizona State University; Collection: M. MITTLEMAN & R. ENGARD M30,
Mexico, Coahuila, south-western Cuatrocienegas; ASU sheet No.: 53259
Echinocereus enneacanthus var. cf. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Herbarium Research Department
Desert Botanical Garden; Collection: M. MITTLEMAN & R. ENGARD M30, Mexico, Coahuila, south-
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western Cuatrocienegas; DES sheet No.: 18707

Echinocereus: Herbarium sheet Herbarium of Geo. B. Hinton; Collection: G.B.HINTON 28362, Mexico,
Coahuila, between San Pedro de las Colonias and Laguna del Rey at Francisco I. Madero; GBH sheet
No.: 28362
Echinocereus engelmannii: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection: R.
Alduenda s.n., Mexico, Coahuila, 70 km eastern of Torreon; MEXU sheet No.: 227746
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 4 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
 Echinocereus sp.: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection: C. GMEZ-
HINOSTROSA 1836, Mexico, Coahuila, south-eastern Viesca; MEXU sheet No.: 1826882
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Echinocereus enneacanthus var. cf. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 343, Mexico, Coahuila, 33 miles northern San Pedro; SRSC sheet No.: o. Nr.
Echinocereus enneacanthus var. cf. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 351, Mexico, Coahuila, northern El Hundito; SRSC sheet No.: o. Nr.

Since BRAVO 1937 (Fig. 189), these plants are often regarded as Echinocereus longisetus Engelmann and
reported in various journals and books.
In the 2009 published work of RISCHER & BRECKWOLDT Ecf. 22 (1): 17 - 26 is introduced due to the
different ploidy level of species rank for Echinocereus occidentalis.
Newer investigations on site, as well as the evaluation of the existing herbarium sheets of various
locations, between Cuatrocienegas de Carranza, Viesca, Torreon in Coahuila compared to the habitats
west of Bermejillo and Mapimi, La Cuesta, Pedricena, Rodeo, Nazas and Minas Navidad in Durango
revealed significant differences enabled a re-evaluation of these former sites.
At the type locality are subsp. breckwoldtiorum and stramineus (Engelmann) F. Sencke ex. J. N. Haage in
close proximity, separated only by their different substrates.
The subspecies breckwoldtiorum occur standing on the rocks there, while stramineus grows on the
surrounding sand - gravel substrate.
In the southern area of distribution of subsp. breckwoldtiorum are encountered hybrids with E.
enneacanthus subsp. enneacanthus Engelmann.
GRZEGORZ MATUSZEWSKI we got information and images about other subheading populations at
Buenavista, El Mezquite north of San Pedro de las Colonias, Tanque Menchaca east of Viesca and in
northern Zacatecas, south of Viesca at Cinco de Mayo.
Photo: Herbarium SLPM.
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E. occidentalis subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Mexico: Legend:

Coahuila: Mpio. San Pedro de las Colonias, Ejido blue spot: E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis
La Candelaria, J.A. DE NOVA 690 [SLPM 051253]. red spot: E. occidentalis subsp. breckwoldtiorum
white dot: respective Type Location.

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contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

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contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San
Pedro de las Colonias. Pedro de las Colonias.

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contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 8 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
contents

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

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subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 9 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
contents

Photo: U. Dosedal.

Photo: U. Dosedal.
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern El Hundito. subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern El Hundito.

subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, Buenavista. subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Tanque Menchaca.

Photo: G. Matuszewski.
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subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Tanque Menchaca. subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Cinco de Mayo.

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 10 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
contents

Photo: U. Dosedal.
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern El Hundito.

Photo: Grzegorz Matuszewski.

contents

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 1b: subsp. occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) W. Rischer, S. Breckwoldt & K. Breckwoldt
contents

Synonym:
Echinocereus stramineus (Engelm.) F. Sencke ex. J.N. Haage var. occidentalis N.P. Taylor - Bradleya 6: 70
(1988)
Echinocereus stramineus subsp. occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) N.P. Taylor - Cactaceae Consensus Init. 3: 10
(1997)

terrain
hilly to mountainous desert shrub
soil
on limestone and volcanic rock
altitude
1250 - 1800 m NN
range
Mxico:
Durango: western Mapimi, La Cuesta, Pedricena, Chocolate, Nazas, Rodeo, El Rodeo and Minas Navidad

field numbers
HK 1136, NPT 0240, SB 0491, SB 0499

Material examined
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Holotype: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico
(UNAM); Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240 A, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; MEXU sheet No.: 432560
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Isotype: in spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P.
TAYLOR 240 B, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K 51619
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Isotype: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew;
Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240 B, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 101132
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Paratype: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew;
Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240 C, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K 62617
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Arizona State University; Collection: LEUCK
353, Mexico, Durango, western of Mapimi near the junction of Hwy 30 and the gravel road to San Pedro;
ASU sheet No.: 53262
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Photo: Uli Dosedal.

E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, Mexico: Durango, near Nazas.

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contents

Photo: Rene Goris.

E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, Mexico: Durango, near Rodeo.

Photo: Rene Goris.

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E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, Mexico: Durango, near Rodeo.

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 Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Arizona State University; Collection: LEUCK
354, Mexico, Durango, 4.7 miles northeast of Alamillo and 11.2 miles from the Rio Nazas bridge on Hwy
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45; ASU sheet No.: 53261

Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P.
TAYLOR 241 mit R. GONZALEZ, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 62616
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P.
TAYLOR 240, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 101131
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: in spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P. TAYLOR
240 D/E/F, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K 51623
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: In spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P. TAYLOR
243, Mexico, Durango, west Mapimi; K 52495
Echinocereus stramineus: in spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 246 a, Mexico,
Durango, southwest Chocolate; K 73478.000
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P.
TAYLOR & S.G. KNEES 495 Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 62642
Echinocereus sp. Herbar sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection: H. M. HERNNDEZ
3557, Mexico, Durango, Rodeo; MEXU sheet No.: 1122837
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM);
Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; MEXU sheet No.: 444697
Echinocereus leeanus: Herbar sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection:
H. BRAVO, Mexico, Durango, El Rodeo; MEXU sheet No.: 59906
Echinocereus sp. cf. enneacanthus var. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 339, Mexico, Durango, 30 miles western Mapimi; SRSC sheet No.: o.Nr.
Echinocereus sp. cf. enneacanthus var. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 339, Mexico, Coahuila, western Mapimi; SRSC sheet No.: o.Nr.

Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage

In JOHANN NICOLAUS HAAGE in the price directory on Cactaceae and succulents (22, 1860) is to be read
for the first time about Echinocereus conglomeratus Frster, however, without descriptive data.
Unfortunately, the literature where FRSTER acquired the name, is unknown.
In 1870 is in SEITZ, in his Catalogus cactearum cultarum (10, 1870), the same reading.
Ruempler writes in FRSTERs Handbuch fr Kakteenkunde (797, 1885) under E. stramineus as synonym
Cereus conglomeratus Frst.?.
In the Gardenflora (465, 1890) is in a "travelogue of Cacteensammlers in Mexico" by ALBERT MATHSSON
to read about the location of this taxon.
Unfortunately, these references were all without descriptive data, so these are all nomen nudum.
First descriptive data are for SCHUMANN in the overall description of the cacti (278, 1899) to find, they
read as follows:
30. Echinocereus conglomeratus Frster
Caespitosus caulibus pro rata elatis erectis laete viridibus: costis 12 - 13 sinuatis; aculeis radialibus 9
- 10, centralibus 1 - 4 albis fere vitreis, basi flaridis; floribus haud visis probabiliter coccineo-violaceis.
Krper sulenfrmig, durch Sprossung aus dem Grunde rasenfrmig, aufrecht, sulenfrmig, oben
etwas verjngt, am Scheitel hckerig, nicht eingesenkt: Hcker mit schneeweiem Woll-filz bekleidet,
bis 30 cm hoch und 5 cm im Durchmesser, hellgrn. Rippen 12 - 13, durch oben sehr enge, auch unten
scharfe Furchen geschieden, ziemlich scharf, bis 1 cm hoch, deutlich gebuchtet. Areolen 8 - 10 mm
voneinander entfernt, kreisrund, etwa 2 mm im Durchmesser, mit schneeweiem Woll-filz bekleidet,
der aber sehr schnell schwindet. Randstacheln 9 - 10, glasartig, spreizend, das untere Paar am lngsten,
bis 1,6 cm lang, nach dem Verschwinden des Wollfilzes am Grunde gelb. Mittelstacheln 1 - 4, der untere
gerade vorgetreckt, bis 4 cm lang und darber, etwas strker, sonst jenen hnlich. Die Blte ist mir nicht
bekannt.
Echinocereus conglomeratus Frst. in Hort.cat., in MATHSSON in Gartenflora XXXIX. 465 (1890)
(conglomeratus [in Latin] = heaped together).
Geographical distribution:
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In Mexico, in the State of Nuevo Leon, south of Monterrey, in quantities, however, higher in the
mountains, at Rinconada covering the slopes.

BERGER has then in his "A systematic revision of the genus Cereus (81, 1905)" recombined it to Cereus
conglomeratus.
BRITTON & ROSE supplement in their work "Cactaceae Vol .: 3: 39-40 (1922) the following data to the
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 14 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
 first description:
flowers 6 to 7 cm long, broad and open, purplish; perianth-segments broad, 2 cm long; spines on ovary
contents

and flower long, white, more or less curved; fruit globular, 3 cm in diameter, somewhat acid, edible;
seeds numerous.
Distribution: Mountains in the states of Nuevo Leon, Coahuila and Zacatecas, Mexico.
This species has usually been confused with E. stramineus but is smaller, more open flowers, and it has
a more southern range.
BRAVO-HOLLIS keeps E. conglomeratus 1937 als Taxon very close to E. stramineus but differs by the size
and the distribution area of flowers.
In her key leads at conglomeratus "Flores campanuladas (bell-shaped)" and stramineus "infundibuliformes
(funnel-shaped)" on.
In BACKEBERG nothing new can be found.
Strange it is then in 1974, when, into two independent works by L. BENSON in Cact. Succ. J. Amer. 46: 80
(March-April) and BRAVO-HOLLIS in Cact. Suc. Mex. 19: 47 (April-June), conglomeratus is recombined in
the former to E. enneacanthus Engelmann var. conglomeratus (Frster) Benson and in BRAVO- HOLLIS to
E. stramineus Engelmann var conglomeratus.
TAYLOR writes 1985, 89 ....in the south-eastern part of its range it is represented by a smaller-flowered
form, previously distinguished as E. conglomeratus Schumann, but scarcely even worthy of varietal
status. "
BRAVO-HOLLIS & H. SANCHEZ-MEJORADA retains the status of 1974. In their key it differs as follows:
-A. Espinas que ocultan por completo el tallo; las radiales 7 a 14, las centrales 2 a 5.49a. var.
stramineus
-AA. Espinas que no ocultan completamente el tallo; las radiales 9 a 10, las centrales 1 a 4..49b.
var. conglomeratus

Because of the small flower, smaller fruit, the higher rib number and its separated distribution area, we
are able to establish the opinion conglomeratus as a new subspecies of stramineus.
We can confirm the statement of TAYLOR (1985), that there is a small flowering stramineus form at
Rinconada and Grutas Garcia.
In TAYLOR's Mexico trip in July 1986, he has visited the Herbarium of MEXU and named a herbarium
sheet, collected by HELIA BRAVO-HOLLIS at Grutas Garcia, as holotype of E. stramineus var. orientalis
var. nov.
This is, because no description and Latin diagnosis has been published, a nomen nudum.
Another very interesting form that belongs here, is the relatively little spined form of Huachichil.
This has been viewed as a form of Echinocereus parkeri Taylor.

Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage

In: Preisverzeichniss ber Cacteen und Succulenten 22, 1860

Basionym
Cereus stramineus Engelmann. Syn. Cact. US. In B.C.R.: 26 (1856)

Locus typicus
USA: Texas: Mountain slopes, from El Paso to the Pecos and Gila Rivers

Lectotype
(cf. COULTER, 1896: 390): About El Paso, Texas, C. WRIGHT 8 in 1851 [MO 2016908]

Taxonomic history
1856: Cereus stramineus Engelmann
1860: Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) J.N. Haage
1969: E. enneacanthus Engelmann var. stramineus (Engelmann) L. Benson
1989: Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) J.N. Haage (due to different ploidy levels [J.F. WEEDIN, A.M.
POWELL & D.O. KOLLE])
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2013: Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage

Description
stem
shape: forming cushions, - 500 stems, cylindrical, erect
height/diameter: - 500 / 70 - 100
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 epidermis colour: light green
rib shape: slight bumps
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number/width: 10 - 17 / 5 - 10
height/distance: 5 - 10 / 10 - 25
root: branched, fibrous
spination
areole shape: round
length/diameter/distance: - 4 / - 4 / 20 - 30
radials: number/length: 7 - 10 / 15 - 40
colour: white - yellowy - brownish
radials: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / stiff, straight
centrals: number/length: 2 - 4 (- 5) / 40 - 100
colour: yellowy - brownish
centrals: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / stiff, straight
flower
flower-bud: rounded, spined, green - later pinkish
flower shape: funnel-shaped
length/diameter: - 120 / 100 - 150
flower colour: crimson-magenta, throat lighter-white
tube: length/diameter: 25 - 35 / 15 - 35
colour: green - olive-green
ovary: length/diameter: 18 - 25 / 15 - 19
colour: green
spination/length/colour: 3 - 9 / - 30 / white
wool/length: felty / 1
petals length/width: 60 - 78 / 15 - 25
nectar-chamber: length/width: 5 - 8 / - 4
filament: length/colour: 10 - 20 / white - greenish
anther colour/pollen colour: yellow / yellow
style length/width/colour: 40 - 60 / 2 2.5 / white
stigma lobes: number/length: 9 - 13 / 8 - 10
colour: green
fruit
shape/maturity time: oval / 2,5 - 3 months
length/diameter/colour: - 50 / - 40 / red
pulp: pinkish - red
peculiarity: splitting
seed
length/width/colour: 1.0 1.4 / 0.9 1.25 / black
microstructure: perforated testa, without or with weak cell boundary lines
wart form: convex - conic
warts structure: clearly visible medium - coarse folding of the cuticle
structure of warts caps: without up clearly visible coarse folding of the cuticle
chromosome number: 2n = 44
habitat
terrain/soil/height: hilly to mountainous shrub desert / on limestone / 1100 - 1500 m NN
range:
USA: W Texas, SE New Mexico;
Mxico: northern Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Len

2a: E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus (Frster ex Schumann) W. Blum stat. nov.

Basionym
Echinocereus conglomeratus Frster ex Schumann. - Gesamtbeschreibung der Kakteen (1899: 278)
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Locus classicus
Mxico: Nuevo Len, by Rinconada (west of Monterrey)

Neotype
(cf. Blum, Lange, Rischer & Rutow, Echinocereus, 1998: 160).
Mxico: Nuevo Len: Rinconada, BRECKENRIDGE 349 leg. 30 August 1981 [SRSC, without number]
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 16 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
 Synonym
Cereus conglomeratus (Frster) Berger. - Rep.Mo.Bot.Gard. 16: 81 (1905)
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Echinocereus enneacanthus var. conglomeratus (Frster) L. Benson. - Cact.Succ.J. (U.S.) 46 (2): 80 (1974)
E. stramineus var. conglomeratus (Frster) Bravo. - Cact.Succ.Mex. 19 (2): 47 (1974)

Invalid published
E. conglomeratus Frster ex J. N. Haage. - Preisverzeichniss ber Cacteen und Succulenten: 22 (1860)
nom. nud.
E. conglomeratus Frster ex Seitz. - Cat.cact.cult.: 10 (1870) nom. nud.
Echinocactus conglomeratus Mathsson. - Gartenflora 39: 465 (1890) nom. nud.
Echinocereus conglomeratus var. robustior Haage JR. - Cacteen-Cultur: 117 (1892) nom. nud.

Etymology
conglomeratus = Latin name for clustered together

Taxonomic history
1860: E. conglomeratus Frster ex J.N. Haage (where published by Frster we could not identify)
1890: E. conglomeratus Frster ex Mathsson (first location specified by Rinconada)
1899: E. conglomeratus Frster ex Schumann (first descriptive data)
1905: Cereus conglomeratus (Frster) Berger
1974: Echinocereus enneacanthus var. conglomeratus (Frster) L. Benson
1974: Echinocereus stramineus var. conglomeratus (Frster) H. Bravo-Hollis

Taxon determining characteristics

- stems: 45 - 70 mm in diameter
- more ribs: 12 - 17
- smaller flowers: 50 - 70 mm in diameter
- smaller fruit: nur bis 30 mm in diameter
- larger seeds:
length / width / colour: 1.2 1.4 / 1.1 1.25 / black
microstructure: perforated testa, with weak cell boundary lines
wart form: convex - conic
warts structure: clearly visible coarse folding of the cuticle
structure of warts caps: without up clearly visible medium folding of the cuticle

range
Mxico: south-eastern Coahuila, southern Nuevo Len,

2b: Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage subsp. stramineus

Synonym
E. enneacanthus var. stramineus (Engelmann) L. Benson. - Cact. Succ. J. (U.S.) 41: 127 (1969)

Invalid published
Echinocereus bolansis RUNGE. In Haage JR. - Cacteen-Cultur: 117 (1892) nom. nud.
E. stramineus forma major SCHELLE. - Handb.Kakteenkultur: 136 (1907) nom. nud.
E. stramineus var. ruberimus FRIC. - Ceskoslov Zahradnickyeh Listu: 121 (1924) nom. nud.
E. stramineus var. spinarosa FRIC. - Ceskoslov Zahradnickyeh Listu: 121 (1924) nom. nud.
E. stramineus var. major HORT. ex BORG. - Cacti: 222 (1951) nom. nud.

Etymology
stramineus = Latin name for straw-coloured spines

Taxon determining characteristics

- stems: 70 - 100 mm in diameter
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- fewer ribs: 10 - 13
- larger flowers: 100 - 180 mm in diameter
- larger fruits: 30 - 50 mm in diameter
- smaller seeds:
length / width / colour: 1.0 1.2 / 0.9 1.1 / black
microstructure: perforated testa, without cell boundary lines
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 17 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
 wart form: convex - conic
warts structure: clearly visible medium folding of the cuticle
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structure of warts caps: without visible folding of the cuticle

Photo: Uli Dosedal.

E. stramineus subsp. stramineus, Mexico, Coahuila, south Cuatro Cinegas.

Photo: Mara Magdalena Salinas Rodrguez

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E. stramineus subsp. stramineus, Mexico, Coahuila, south Cuatro Cinegas.

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 18 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
contents

E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus, Mexico, Nuevo Leon, Riconada.

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E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus, Mexico, Nuevo Leon, Riconada.

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 19 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
contents

Photo: G. Matuszewski.
E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus, Mexico, Coahuila, Huachichil (El Huache).

Aknowledgements
I want to thank all those who contributed to the writing and publication of this article. Specifically, I want
to thank (in alphabetical order).

Dosedal, Ulrich, Rhauderfehn, GERMANY

Garca-Prez, Jos, MEXICO
Goris, Rene, BELGIEN
Matuszewski, Grzegorz, POLAND
Salinas Rodrguez, Mara Magdalena, MEXICO

for making available info and visual material, also for their general support:

ASU (Herbarium School of Life Sciences Arizona State University)

DES (Herbarium Research Department Desert Botanical Garden)
GBH Herbarium of Geo. B. Hinton
K (Herbarium Royal Botanic Gardens)
MEXU (Herbario Nacional Departamento de Botnica Instituto de Biologa
Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico)
SLPM (Universidad Autnoma de San Luis Potos)
SRSC (A. Michael Powell Herbarium Department of Biology Sul Ross State University)

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(Amer.J.Bot.) 28 (6): 358 - 364
BENSON, L. (1969): Cactaceae. In: LUNDELL et al. - Flora of Texas, Vol. 2. Texas Research Foundation, Renner,
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BENSON, L. (1982): The Cacti of the United States and Canada. - Stanford University Press, Stanford, California
BERGER, A. (1905): A systematic revision of the genus Cereus. - Missouri Botanical Garden 16th Annual Report
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BLUM, W., LANGE, M., RISCHER, W. & RUTOW, J. (1998): ECHINOCEREUS. Selbstverlag J. Rutow, Aachen
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 [Oktober 1998, appendix C as a Preprint (ZSS 3.April 1998)]
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der DKG
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(N.P. Taylor) N.P. Taylor- Ecf.: 22(1): 23 (2009)
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Dr. Jos Arturo de Nova Vzquez Universidad Autnoma de San Luis Potos
Coordinador Acadmico, Herbario Isidro Palacios Altair 200, Fracc. Del Llano
Instituto de Investigacin de Zonas Desrticas 78377 San Luis Potos, San Luis Potos, Mxico.
Universidad Autnoma de San Luis Potos Phone: 842-1146 ext. 103
Altair No. 200 Colonia del Llano E-mail: pcastillol57@yahoo.com.mx
San Luis Potos 78377, Mxico
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Phone: (52-44) 4842-2475 ext 119 Wolfgang Blum

E-mail: arturo.denova@uaslp.mx Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Strae 29
76467 Bietigheim
Dr. Pedro Castillo-Lara Telefon: +49 (0)7245 2142
Profesor Investigador E-Mail: mail@blumwolfgang.de
Instituto de Investigacin de Zonas Desrticas
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila 21 - XEROPHILIA Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
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