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UMTS Access KPI

Troubleshooting Guide

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Author/ Email: v.niketh@huawei.com

Version: V1.0(718812)

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 Author / ID v.niketh@huawei.com

Co-author / ID

Approver / ID Sandeep.wadhwa@huaewi.com

UMTS Access KPI troubleshooting Guide

Description

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Contents
Access Signaling flow
Huawei Access KPI and Performance stats formula
RRC Access failure Root causes
RRC Access Failure classification based on Performance counters
RRC Access Failure troubleshooting for Resource congestion
RRC Access Failure troubleshooting for RF problem
RRC Access Failure due to Equipment Alarm
Call Setup(Access) Signaling Flow

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Call Setup Signaling setup Procedure

Call Setup setup procedure in UMTS can be classified into

below Phases, (we will see an example for MOC AMR Access
Procedure)
RRC Connection setup
Signaling connection setup(to exchange NAS Information)
Authentication and security mode Control
Radio Bearer and call Setup procedure

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RRC Connection setup Phase

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 Signaling Establish Procedure

The Signaling connection setup procedure is performed to exchange the

NAS(Non Access Stratum) information between the CN and UE. The UE sends
Direct transfer message to initiate signaling connection setup procedure

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Authentication and Security Mode Control

1.The authentication and security mode control procedure is performed for

the UE and the network to implement Bi directional authentication and to
negotiate and configure the integrity protection and Ciphering algorithm.
2.This procedure ensures integrity and correctness of signaling .

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Radio bearer and call setup Procedure

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Radio Access Success Rate (Cell)
A full call setup procedure contains the RRC connection, RAB setup, and Direct
Transfer. Generally only the RRC connection and the RAB setup can be observed from
RAN.
Access setup success rate KPI can classified based on bearer Qos Services or as a w
ole.we can see a simple Access KPI for CS and PS Services here
CS Radio Access success Rate (AMR ,Video)
PS Radio Access Success Rate
Radio access Setup Success Rate =( RAB Assignment Success/RAB
assignment request) * (RRC Connection setup Success/RRC connect setup
request) 100%
CS Radio Access Success Rate Formula
CS Radio Access Success Ratio (Cell) =CS RRC Setup Success Ratio(Cell)*CS RAB Setup
Success Ratio(Cell)*100%
=[(RRC.SuccConnEstab.OrgConvCall+RRC.SuccConnEstab.TmConvCall+RRC.SuccConnEstabE
EmgCall)/(RRC.AttConnEstab.OrgConvCall+RRC.AttConnEstab.TmConvCall+
RRC.AttConnEstab.EmgCall)]*[VS.RAB.SuccEstabCS.Conv+VS.RAB.SuccEstabCS.Str)/(VS.RAB
.AttEstabCS.Conv+VS.RAB.AttEstabCS.Str)]*100%

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Contd

PS Radio Access Success Ratio (Cell)

PS Radio Access Success Ratio (Cell) =PS RRC Setup Success Ratio(Cell)*PS RAB Setup
Success Ratio(Cell)*100%
=([(RRC.SuccConnEstab.OrgBkgCall+RRC.SuccConnEstab.OrgItrCall+RRC.SuccConnEstab.Tm
BkgCall+RRC.SuccConnEstab.TmItrCall)/(RRC.AttConnEstab.OrgBkgCall+RRC.AttConnEs
tab.OrgInterCall+RRC.AttConnEstab.TmBkgCall+RRC.AttConnEstab.TmInterCall)]*
[(VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Conv+VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Str+VS.RAB.SuccEstabPS.Int+VS.RAB
.SuccEstabPS.Bkg)/(VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Conv+VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Str+VS.RAB.AttEstab
PS.Int+VS.RAB.AttEstabPS.Bkg)]*100%

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 Radio access setup success rate

Counter:
RRC_REQ
Measurement point: when RNC receives and valid RRC CONNECTION
REQUEST message
RAB_SETUP_SUCC:
Measurement point the RABs successfully setup in the message RANAP
RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE for the Xservice

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RRC access KPI Troubleshooting

This guide is intended to cover the Huawei RRC signaling related measurement
counters ,related KPI, failure points ,root cause analysis and solution to
improve it .

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RRC connection setup measurement
Points

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RRC connection setup measurement
per cell overview
When an UE needs to access the network, setting up the RRC connection is
the first step. From the cell where the UE is located, the UE sends a RRC
CONNECTION REQUEST message to request network access.
After receiving the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message, the RNC initiates
the admission procedure and allocates relevant resources to the UE.
Following successful allocation of resources, the RNC sends a RRC
CONNECTION SETUP message to the UE and waits for a RRC CONNECTION
SETUP COMPLETE message, a response message from the UE. When the
RNC receives a RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message, the
procedure for RRC connection setup is finished

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Contd.

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RRC connection setup counter and
sub-counter relation

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Contd.

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Access Failure Root causes

We will see the Major access failure root causes as in below table

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RRC Connection Failure measurement

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RRC Connection Reject measurement points

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RRC connection reject measurement points(Please refer the Flow
for measurement points)

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RRC connection rejection counters

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Counters and Sub counters relation

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RRC Access Failure analysis Flow

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Admission procedure

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Resource congestion counters(counter name self explanatory for
specific resource congestion measurement)

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Resource Congestion

Resource congestion is classified into

CE congestion
Power congestion(DL and UL)
Code congestion
Iub

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CE Congestion optimization
1. Check for CE utilization and suggest baseband board upgrade for CE
utilization >70%
2. For short term optimization can follow the below procedure ,which can
impact to user experience
Solution1
Enable LDR
Solution2
Modify initial bit rate of DCH/HSUPA DCCC rate threshold /Low activity bit
rate from 64Kbps to 32Kbps

Solution2
Modify DCH/HSUPA inter and BKG service GBR from 64Kbps to 32Kbps

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CE Congestion optimization Contd.

Solution 4
Modify DCH/HSUPA DCCC 4A threshold ,and limit user rate upgrade
Solution 5
Enable PS BE HSDPA/HSUPA state transition
Solution 6
Enable the TTI dynamic adjustment algorithm for admission CE based
HSUPA services

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Admission control for power

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Contd.

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power Congestion

From RAN 12 version, New counters are added to find the congestion cause is
UL for DL.
How to optimize UL power congestion?
Use UL CAC algorithm II based on ENU(Equivalent number of users)- most
widely used CAC algorithm
Solution 1
Modify UL CAC from 80 to 120-200(be careful to check increase in RTWP
and CDR and DL power congestion)
Solution 2
Enable UL LDR
Solution 3
Increase UL CAC threshold 5% from current setting

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Contd.

Solution 4
Modify initial bit rate of DCH/HSUPA DCCC rate threshold /Low activity bit
rate from 64Kbps to 32Kbps
Solution 5
Modify UL DCH/HSUPA inter and BKG service GBR from 64Kbps to 32Kbps
Solution 6
Modify UL DCH/HSUPA DCCC 4A threshold ,and limit user rate upgrade
Solution 7
Optimize/Reduce SHO ratio by physical or change 1A ,1B relative event
threshold and trigger timer

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DL power Congestion Optimization

Solution 1
Modify DL CAC from 80 to 120-200(be careful to check increase in RTWP
and CDR and DL power congestion)
Solution 2
Enable DL LDR
Solution 3
Increase DL CAC threshold 5% from current setting
Solution 4
Limit the Max power of Radio bearer (for example PS 384K Max DL power
is 4 dB relative to Pilot power , reduce it to 2dB)

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Contd.

Solution 4
Modify initial bit rate of DL DCH DCCC rate threshold /Low activity bit rate
from 64Kbps to 32Kbps
Solution 5
Modify DL DCH inter and BKG service GBR from 64Kbps to 32Kbps
Solution 6
Modify DL DCH DCCC 4A threshold ,and limit user rate upgrade
Solution 7
Optimize/Reduce SHO ratio by physical or change 1A ,1B relative event
threshold and trigger timer

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Code Congestion Solution

Solution 1
Reduce HS-PDSCH code number (if manual allocation) or HS-PDSCH min
code number (Automatic allocation)
Solution 2
Reduce HS-SCCH code number (for example from 4 to 2)
Solution 3
Enable Code LDR
Solution 4
Enable Node B dynamic code allocation(if not activated)

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Contd.

Solution 5
Modify initial bit rate of DL DCH DCCC rate threshold /Low activity bit rate
from 64Kbps to 32Kbps
Solution 6
Modify DL DCH inter and BKG service GBR from 64Kbps to 32Kbps
Solution 7
Modify UL DCH/HSUPA DCCC 4A threshold ,and limit user rate upgrade

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Iub Congestion Optimization
1. If the RNC allocates the maximum bandwidth to the subscriber when a
service is established, a large proportion of the Iub transmission bandwidth
is unused. For example, downloading a 50 KB page takes only about one
second, but reading this page needs dozens of seconds.
2. Thus, over 90% of the Iub transmission bandwidth is not used.
3. To save the Iub transmission bandwidth we can reduce activity factor to
admit more users and better utilize bandwidth

Solution 1
Modify PS R99/HSDPA/HSUPA interactive and Background activity factor
from 100% to 70%-30%
Solution 2
Modify R99/HSDPA/HSUPA interactive and Background GBR from 64Kbps
to 32Kbps

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RF problem Analysis

The RRC.FailConnEstab.NoReply is a cell-level index which indicates the RF

related problem for Access failure
The major causes of the problem include the following two types:
The UE fails to receive the RRC CONNECTION SETUP message from RNC.
The cause of the problem is irrational configuration of coverage, cell
selection and cell reselection parameters.
After the UE send the RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message, but
the RNC does not receive it. Maybe the initial transmit power of uplink DCH
is over low.

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VS.RRC.FailConnEstab.NoReply
The measurement is triggered at point A as shown in the figure, if the RNC fails to receive a
RRC CONNECT SETUP COMPLETE message from the UE before the timer expires after the
RNC sends the RRC CONNECT SETUP message to the UE. In this case, this counter is
measured in the cell where the UE is located

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Analysis Procedure
After the RNC Receives the RRC Setup Request Message from UE, It Sends
the RRC Connection Setup Message Which Is Not Received by UE
The causes of this problem include:
Weak coverage
Improper parameters of cell selection and reselection
Check the CPICH Ec/Io. If it is lower than 12 dB (the default value is
configured based on Ec/Io as 12 dB) and
If there is no more qualified cell listed in the monitor set, the problem is
about coverage.
If there is more qualified cell listed in the monitor set, the problem is about
cell reselection.

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Solutions are as below:
When the coverage is weak:
If conditions permit, solve coverage problems by enhancing coverage, such
as adding sites to cover blind areas and adjusting engineering parameters.
If you cannot enhance the coverage, you can increase FACH power. Adjust
FACH power according to the coverage conditions of PCPICH Ec/Io.
Check for Weak coverage due to overshooting by analyzing the TP and if
more samples are pegged in high TP distance ,try adding down tilt
Cell selection and reselection:
Adjusting cell selection and reselection parameters accelerates cell selection
and reselection and helps solve RRC connection setup failure problems
caused by improper parameters of cell selection and reselection.
High RTWP
If RTWP is high ,check the reason for high RTWP(high traffic, internal
,external interference) and solve it to improve the RRC access success rate

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Contd.
The RRC CONNECTION SETUP message is carried by FACH. After the
UTRAN side receives the PRACH preamble, the UE sends the RRC
CONNECTION REQUEST message on RACH based on current preamble
power. The preamble transmit power keeps increasing until response is
received (restricted by maximum retransmission times of preamble).
Therefore, in poor coverage areas, unbalanced coverage by RACH and
FACH is probable. Consequently the UTRAN side can receive the RRC
CONNECTION REQUEST message while the UE fails to receive the RRC

CONNECTION SETUP message.

Check for FACH channel signaling congestion add an SCCPCH to reduce
FACH congestion
In case of imbalance in DL coverage where UE not able to receive RRC
connection setup message ,increase FACH channel power

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VS.RRC.Rej.RL.Fail

If ATM transmission mode is adopted check the bit error rate of E1.
If framing error rate is higher than 0.1% then bit error rate of E1 is high---
check for transmission fault and clear it
If IP mode of transmission is adopted, check packet loss rate of IP.If packet
loss rate is greater than 1% check for fault in IP transmission and clear it
Check for Node B DSP .Baseband board signaling load and if it greater than
70% ,suggest for base band board and BBU expansion
Check for any event, promotion which causes signaling storm lead to radio
link failure
Check the mean SPU load SPU to which the worse cell is located and it
should not exceed 60% then suggest for SPU expansion
If any of the above cannot lead to solution submit GCRMS ticket to TAC
and R&D team

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VS.RRC.Rej.TNL.Fail

Check for AAL2path or IPPATH configuration is correct (path id ,path

type,Qos settings,VCI/VPI should be correct and match the peer end)
Check the path of Adj node are available
Check for packet or Bit error in IP /ATM transmission(refer RL fail
procedure)

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Alarms impact to Access KPI
The below alarms can impact to Accesss KPI,but not limited to it alone .
Added to it transmission related alarm and losses from measurement stats to
be checked for analysis

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