Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
This approach is also known as 'people centered management approach' which has been
developed in response to the demonstrated weakness of the blueprint approach1. The key
features of the approach are flexibility and incremental adaptation, continuous information
gathering at the micro level, experimentation and iterative learning. Since goals and targets
and timeframes emerge as a result of the interplay between local people and resource
providers and are constantly revised as learning and adaptation progress.
The optimum solution can be identified by beneficiaries during planning and implementation
process (bottom up). It emphasizes on more creative capacity of local level to solve the local
problems. It is based on the open system. In this process, high levels of complexity and
uncertainty can be raised. Analytical test might me inappropriate to tackle the problem. The
problem solving orientation would be preventive. Empowered beneficiaries can prevent
problems via participation in design and implementation of developmental activities. It is
dominated by social/psychological values and informal arrangement which affect
participation and commitment of the beneficiaries. Informal leadership evolve during the
design and implementation. It has local based authority.
1
Sweet and Weisel, (1979)