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Absolutory Causes - where the act committed is a crime but for some
reason of public policy and sentiment, there is no penalty imposed.
Exempting and justifying circumstances are absolutory causes.
Actus Me Invito Factus Non Est Meus Actus Any act done by me against
my will is not my act.
Consummated Felonies - when all the elements necessary for its execution
and accomplishment are present.
Degree one whole penalty, one entire penalty or one unit of the
penalties enumerated in the graduated scales provided for in Art. 71
Entrapment - ways and means are resorted to for the purpose of trapping
and capturing the lawbreaker in the execution of his criminal plan.
Ex Post Facto Law - An act which when committed was not a crime,
cannot be made so by statute without violating the constitutional
inhibition as to ex post facto laws.
Mala Prohibita - acts made evil because there is a law prohibiting it.
Nullum Crimen, Nulla Poena Sine Lege There is no crime when there is
no law punishing it.
Pardon an act of grace proceeding from the power entrusted with the
execution of laws, which exempts the individual from the punishment
the law inflicts for the crime.
Recidivist one who at the time of his trial for one crime, shall
have been previously convicted by final judgment of another crime
embraced in the same title of the RPC.
Requisites of Culpa
1. Freedom
2. Intelligence
3. Negligence, Imprudence, Lack of Foresight, Lack of Skill
Stand Ground When in The Right - the law does not require a person
to retreat when his assailant is rapidly advancing upon him with a
deadly weapon.
Treachery when the offender commits any of the crimes against the
person, employing means, methods or forms in the execution thereof
which tend directly and specially to insure its execution without
risk to himself arising from the defense which the offended party
might make.