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Cylindricalcoordinatesareageneralizationoftwodimensionalpolarcoordinatestothreedimensionsbysuperposing
ContributetoMathWorld aheight( )axis.Unfortunately,thereareanumberofdifferentnotationsusedfortheothertwocoordinates.Either or
SendaMessagetotheTeam isusedtorefertotheradialcoordinateandeither or totheazimuthalcoordinates.Arfken(1985),forinstance,
uses ,whileBeyer(1987)uses .Inthiswork,thenotation isused.
MathWorldBook
Thefollowingtablesummarizesnotationalconventionsusedbyanumberofauthors.
WolframWebResources (radial,azimuthal,
reference
vertical)
13,577entries
Lastupdated:ThuNov52015 thiswork,Beyer(1987,p.212)
Created,developed,and
nurturedbyEricWeisstein SetCoordinates[Cylindrical]intheWolframLanguagepackage
(Rr,Ttheta,Zz)
atWolframResearch VectorAnalysis`
Arfken(1985,p.95)
MoonandSpencer(1988,p.12)
KornandKorn(1968,p.60)
MorseandFeshbach(1953)
IntermsoftheCartesiancoordinates ,
(1)
(2)
(3)
where , , ,andtheinversetangentmustbesuitablydefinedtotakethecorrect
quadrantof intoaccount.
Intermsof , ,and
(4)
(5)
(6)
NotethatMorseandFeshbach(1953)definethecylindricalcoordinatesby
(7)
(8)
(9)
where and .
Themetricelementsofthecylindricalcoordinatesare
(10)
(11)
(12)
sothescalefactorsare
(13)
(14)
(15)
Thelineelementis
(16)
andthevolumeelementis
(17)
TheJacobianis
(18)
ACartesianvectorisgivenincylindricalcoordinatesby
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(19)
Tofindtheunitvectors,
(20)
(21)
(22)
Derivativesofunitvectorswithrespecttothecoordinatesare
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
Thegradientoperatorincylindricalcoordinatesisgivenby
(32)
sothegradientcomponentsbecome
(33)
(34)
(35)
(36)
(37)
(38)
(39)
(40)
(41)
TheChristoffelsymbolsofthesecondkindinthedefinitionofMisneretal.(1973,p.209)aregivenby
(42)
(43)
(44)
TheChristoffelsymbolsofthesecondkindinthedefinitionofArfken(1985)aregivenby
(45)
(46)
(47)
(Walton1967Arfken1985,p.164,Ex.3.8.10MoonandSpencer1988,p.12a).
Thecovariantderivativesarethengivenby
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(48)
are
(49)
(50)
(51)
(52)
(53)
(54)
(55)
(56)
(57)
Crossproductsofthecoordinateaxesare
(58)
(59)
(60)
Thecommutationcoefficientsaregivenby
(61)
But
(62)
so ,where .Also
(63)
so , .Finally,
(64)
Summarizing,
(65)
(66)
(67)
Timederivativesofthevectorare
(68)
(69)
(70)
(71)
(72)
Speedisgivenby
(73)
(74)
Timederivativesoftheunitvectorsare
(75)
(76)
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(77)
(78)
(79)
(80)
Theconvectivederivativeis
(81)
(82)
Torewritethis,usetheidentity
(83)
andset ,toobtain
(84)
so
(85)
Then
(86)
(87)
Thecurlintheaboveexpressiongives
(88)
(89)
so
(90)
(91)
(92)
Weexpectthegradienttermtovanishsincespeeddoesnotdependonposition.Checkthisusingtheidentity
,
(93)
(94)
Examiningthistermbyterm,
(95)
(96)
(97)
(98)
(99)
(100)
(101)
(102)
(103)
(104)
(105)
(106)
(107)
so,asexpected,
(108)
Wehavealreadycomputed ,socombiningallthreepiecesgives
(109)
(110)
(111)
Thedivergenceis
(112)
(113)
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(114)
(115)
or,invectornotation
(116)
Thecurlis
(117)
ThescalarLaplacianis
(118)
(119)
ThevectorLaplacianis
(120)
TheHelmholtzdifferentialequationisseparableincylindricalcoordinatesandhasStckeldeterminant (for , ,
)or (forMorseandFeshbach's , ,and ).
SEEALSO:
CartesianCoordinates,EllipticCylindricalCoordinates,HelmholtzDifferentialEquationCircularCylindrical
Coordinates,PolarCoordinates,SphericalCoordinates
REFERENCES:
Arfken,G."CircularCylindricalCoordinates."2.4inMathematicalMethodsforPhysicists,3rded.Orlando,FL:AcademicPress,
pp.95101,1985.
Beyer,W.H.CRCStandardMathematicalTables,28thed.BocaRaton,FL:CRCPress,1987.
Korn,G.A.andKorn,T.M.MathematicalHandbookforScientistsandEngineers.NewYork:McGrawHill,1968.
Misner,C.W.Thorne,K.S.andWheeler,J.A.Gravitation.SanFrancisco:W.H.Freeman,1973.
Moon,P.andSpencer,D.E."CircularCylinderCoordinates ."Table1.02inFieldTheoryHandbook,Including
CoordinateSystems,DifferentialEquations,andTheirSolutions,2nded.NewYork:SpringerVerlag,pp.1217,1988.
Morse,P.M.andFeshbach,H.MethodsofTheoreticalPhysics,PartI.NewYork:McGrawHill,p.657,1953.
Walton,J.J."TensorCalculationsonComputer:Appendix."Comm.ACM10,183186,1967.
ReferencedonWolfram|Alpha:CylindricalCoordinates
CITETHISAS:
Weisstein,EricW."CylindricalCoordinates."FromMathWorldAWolframWebResource.
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CylindricalCoordinates.html
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