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Network
The network describes project processing. Thus the Network contains instructions on how to
carry out activities in a specific way, in a specific order and in a specific time period. Main
elements of network are activities and relationships. It forms the basis for planning, analyzing
and monitoring time schedules, costs, & resources.
Activities
Activities are used to plan project staffing, capacity, material, PRTs, and service requirements.
When activities are assigned to WBS elements, detailed view of costs, dates, and capacities at
WBS element could be obtained. Its a
task in a network which has a defined start and finish. An activity can be broken down into
activity elements.Three categories of activities in the Project System:
o Internal Activities
o External Activities
o General Cost Activities
Activity element
Activity element is an activity which is subordinate to another activity. Activity elements
contain the same information as activities.Three categories of activity elements in the Project
System:
o Work elements
o External Elements
o General Cost Elements
Activity Type
Its a physical measure of activity output of a cost center .e.g. hours, number of units produced,
machine times, production times.
Milestones
Milestones are the events in the project to which particular importance is attached Or which
trigger predefined functions. In general they indicate transition between different departments
or phases. Milestones are assigned
to activities and WBS elements: In PS milestones are used to:
Trigger predefined functions in network activities.
Carry out earned value analysis.
Determine dates in billing plan for sales orders.
Relationships
You use relationships to depict chronological and technical dependencies between activities.
The relationship determines the nature of the link between the individual activities:
FS Relationship : An activity does not start until the preceding activity is completed.
SS Relationship : An activity cannot start unless another activity has started.
FF Relationship : An activity cannot be completed until another activity has been completed.
SF Relationship : An activity cannot be completed until another succeeding activity has stared.
Confirmations
It is a part of network control. It documents the state of processing for the network activities
and activity elements. There are two types of confirmations Partial & Final. Confirmations are
used to record:
The work center where the activity was carried out.
The person who carried out this activity.
The yield and scrap produced in an activity.
The actual values for the duration and dates.
Settlement
As a rule, projects are used to collect and monitor costs, but are not usually the final cost
object. For this reason the costs in atypical project will be settled at the end of the period. To
this end, you store settlement rules in the activity / WBS element requiring settlement. They
contain information on settlement receivers, cost apportionment and control data. Settlement
receivers could be cost centers, G/L accounts. Etc.
Budget
The budget is the approved cost structure for an action or project in a particular period.
Budgeting differs from cost plan in that it is binding. In the approval phase you prescribe your
project funds in the form of budget. It is possible to allocate overall and annual budget in
parallel.
Work Centers
Work center represents the resources responsible for executing an activity. In a work center,
you can enter the available capacity and an operating time. You can arrange the work centers in
a hierarchy for capacity evaluation purposes. Internal activities are assigned to work centers
(resources) to be completed. A work center is a physical unit within a company where an
activity is performed.
Profit Center
It is subdivision of business organization which is set up for internal management control
purposes. Profit centers divide business up on a management basis. The basic aim of profit
center accounting is to present areas of the business as entities operating independently in the
market.
Lots of jargons .let me site an instance of the construction project of a building..
Let say there is a construction company that is going to construct a Multi-Storey building.
The first thing that needs to be created in the system is Project Definition. The entire activity
plan for this project will come under this project definition. Overall budget needs to be
estimated, assigned and get approved for the project. Project timeline needs to be decided.
Project could be then subdivided into separate parts which are actually WBS elements lets say
in this e.g. we have 4 main WBS elements:
1. Land Acquisition
2. Procurement
3. Construction
4. General
To every above WBS, budget and time line need to estimated.
Now to take an example we will drill down two WBS elements namely Land Acquisition and
Construction.
Land Acquisition could be sub divided into activities as in
o Generation of request document for the land.
o Soil testing
o Approval for construction
o Preparation of purchase order of the land
Above 4 activities should be done in sequence. As in second activity will start only after request
document for the and s completed and so on. Hence these activities have FS Relationship
between them.
Now take WBS element Construction.
It could be sub divided in to floor wise tasks. Let say, we have four story building and each floor
has 4 flats. So under WBS element Construction we may create separate sub WBS element for
each floor. Each sub WBS element of floor may be divided further into last level of WBS
elements one for each flat on the floor. This way we will have hierarchy of the WBS elements.
Finally last level of WBS elements i.e. WBS elements of the flats will have activities like
1. Plumbing
2. Electrical work
3. Flooring
4. Painting
5. Furniture
These activities form the Network.
Let say Plumbing and Electricity work are the external activities as they are given to a outside
contractor. While the other activities are done by company labor so they are internal activities.
Plumbing and Electrical work could be started simultaneously. While flooring needs be done
once the plumbing and Electrical work is complete. Hence they have FS relationship and so
on. Now if we talk about milestones:
- First milestone could be purchasing the land
- Second could construct the base of the building.
- Third could be construct the floors
- Fourth could be completion of plumbing and electrical work for all the flats. And so on.
As I have said that Work center represents the resources responsible for executing an activity
For the above activities, work centers could be the company labor required for the
construction, labor provided by the external service center for plumbing and Electricity work.
while Profit Centers could be the finally constructed flats.
Sr Project Examples
NO
Elements
relationship
different WBSs.
Now let me go to some technicalities of the same.
If some body asks me to develop report in PS module what basic information do I need?
Mainly I need to find out three things :
Following diagram depicts the linkage between various master tables in PS module.
Frequently used PS Transactions
Object Transaction Description
CJ06 Create Project Definition
CJ07 Change Project Definition
Project Definition
CJ08 Display Project Definition
CJ20N Project Builder
CJ01 Create Work Breakdown Structure
CJ02 Change Work Breakdown Structure
CJ03 Display Work Breakdown Structure
WSB Element
CJ11 Create WBS Element
CJ12 Change WBS Element
Cj13 Delete WBS Element
CN21 Create Network
CN22 Change Network
CN23 Display Network
Network
CN24 Overall Network Scheduling
CN24N Overall Network Scheduling
CJ20N Project Builder
Activity CJ20n Project Builder
CN53N Overview: Milestones
Milestone
CJ20N Project Builder
CN49 Overview: Relationships
Relationship CN49N Overview: Relationships
CNS49 Overview: Relationships
CN25 Confirm Completions in Network
CN27 Collective confirmation
Confirmations CN28 Display Network Confirmations
CN29 Cancel Network Confirmation
CN2X Confirm Completions in Network
CJ02 Create Settlement Rule
CJ88 Settle Projects and Networks
Settlement
CJ8A Act.-setlmt: Proj. retirmt. from IM
CJ8G Actual Settlement: Projects/Networks
CJ30 Change Project Original Budget
CJ31 Display Project Original Budget
CJ35 Budget Return from Project
Budget CJ36 Budget Supplement to Project
CJ37 Budget Supplement in Project
CJ38 Budget Return in Project
CJ3A Change Budget Document
CJ3B Display Budget Document
BAPIs used in PS Transactions
Project Definition:
BAPI to extract details of Project Definition:
BAPI Name BAPI Description
BAPI_PROJECTDEF_EXISTENCECHECK To check whether a project definition exists
To get detailed information about a project definiti
on. To do this, you must transfer the external ID of
the project definition in the parameter I_PROJECT_
BAPI_BUS2001_GETDATA DEFINITION. If required, you can also specify in whi
ch language the language-dependent fields, such a
s time units, system status, and so on, are to be ret
urned. If you do not specify a language, the system
language is used
To read detailed information about project definiti
BAPI_PROJECT_GETINFO ons and the WBS elements of projects from the sys
tem.
To read detail information about the project definit
BAPI_PROJECTDEF_GETDETAIL
ion
To get both the active system statuses and the user
BAPI_BUS2001_GET_STATUS
statuses for a project definition
BAPI_PROJECTDEF_GETLIST Provides a list of project definitions
BAPI_GET_PROJECT_STATISTICS Display project statistics
Network:
BAPI to extract details of Network:
Activity:
BAPI to extract details of Activity:
Activity Element:
BAPI to extract details of Activity Element: