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A Thesis
Written by:
Azizatur Rahma
1214025017
Mulawarman University
Samarinda
2016
Female Oppression toward Female Characters in Mars Needs Mom
Movie
A Thesis
Written by:
Azizatur Rahma
1214025017
Samarinda
2016
ii
THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS SHEET
This is to certify that the thesis entitled: Female Oppression toward Female Characters in
Mars Needs Mom Movie, which is written by Azizatur Rahma has been approved by the
board of examiners as meeting the requirements for the Degree of the Undergraduate
program in English Literature.
Samarinda, 5 Oktober 2016
Chairperson,
Member
Erna Wati, M.St
NIP. 19831126 201504 2 002
Member
Member
And by this, Azizatur Rahma is determined as passed and has fulfilled the requirements
of the Undergraduate Program of the English Literature Department, Faculty of Cultural
Studies, Mulawarman University.
Acknowledged by,
The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Mulawarman University,
iii
ORIGINALITY TESTAMENT
Azizatur Rahma
NIM. 1214025017
iv
A Dedication for my parents,
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.......................................................................... 1
2.1 Fiction.......................................................................................................... 7
vi
2.3.3. Powerlessness ..................................................................................... 18
4.1 The Analysis of Two Female Characters in Mars Needs Mom Movie ..... 35
4.1.1. The Five Faces Oppression Analysis in Milos Mother Character .... 35
vii
Works Cited ......................................................................................................... 71
viii
PICTURES LIST
Figure 4. 1 Supervisor was looking for earth women who would be taken to the
Wells) ................................................................................................. 37
Wells) ................................................................................................. 39
Figure 4. 4 Martian (under Supervisor order) abducted Milos mother when she was
Figure 4. 5 Martians (under supervisor order) who had higher technology rather
Wells) ................................................................................................. 42
Figure 4. 7 Milos mother was put and bound in the tube, and supervisor asks the
ix
Figure 4. 8 In Gribbles house, Milo saw her mother locked up in the room. 00:23:40,
Violence, Irish Marion Young (Mars Needs Mom Movie, Simon Wells)
............................................................................................................ 47
Figure 4. 9 Milo tries to help his mother that was locked in extraction machine,
Figure 4. 10 Gribbles mother soul was extracted using solar extraction machine,
Figure 4. 11 Gribble mother was chosen because of her motherhood and she could
Figure 4. 12 Gribbles mother was taken when she slept, 00:51:44, Powerlessness,
Irish Marion Young (Mars Needs Mom Movie, Simon Wells) ......... 54
x
Azizatur Rahma Advisors:
1214025017 Surya Sili, Ph.D
Erna Wati, M.St
Female Oppression toward Female Characters in Mars Needs Mom Movie
ABSTRACT
In this study the researcher analyzed the oppression from female character
toward other female characters. The researcher only discussed two female
characters, Milos mother and Gribbles mother who gained the oppression from
Supervisor as another female character because the researcher wanted to prove that
oppression could also happen from female to female (same sex). There are two
objectivies of the study in this research, to show the forms of oppression which
occur toward female characters in Mars Needs Mom movie and to analyze how the
female characters, experience the oppression that are shaped by another female
character in Mars Needs Mom movie
The five faces of oppression is a theory that is explained by Irish Marion
Young. The theory is related toward the form of oppression which usually occur in
the society. This form of oppression somehow called as injustice action that adhere
toward people or group because of several reasons, such as class, race and gender.
The five faces of oppression are marginalization, exploitation, powerlessness,
cultural imperialism and violence.
The result of this study are, Milos mother got three faces oppression from
Supervisor, those three oppression are marginalization, powerlessness and violence.
Whereas Gribbles mother got four faces oppression. The four faces of oppression
are exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, and violence. And the process of
oppression that was gained by two mothers firstly which was done by Supervisor
(female) was, Supervisor observed them, abducted them and extracted them using
solar extraction machine. The different process from both of them is Martians
succeed to extract Gribbles mother, whereas Milos mother, the extraction is failed
because Milo was successful in saving his mother.
Based on those analysis, the researcher concludes that the oppression toward
women can be done by women. Therefore, the researcher believes that the
oppression toward women is not always caused by gender assumption that male is
superior rather than women, but the oppression can be happened due to the power
which is had by the prepetators (men and women) of oppression.
xi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thanks to the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful, ALLAH
SWT who always gives me all the best of this life and there is nothing to be doubt
about it. Shalawat and Salam always deliver to the Prophet Muhammad SAW and
his family.
the following:
Writer
xii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
happen toward both men and women in the society in sharing life opportunities.
Since the late of 19th century, the inequality toward woman has been voiced in the
United State and Europe. According to Rampton the first wave of feminism took
place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emerged out of an environment of
urban industrialism and liberal, socialist politics (1). It is believed that the hassle
of women to be equal has been started since the first wave feminism.
industrialism or liberal and social politics. In social politics women tried to get the
same right to vote and being voted in the election. Around 1960, the second wave
power. If first wavers focused on absolute rights such as suffrage, second wavers
were largely concerned with other issues of equality, such as the end to
The movement did not stop in the second wave feminism. The third wave
of feminism emerged in the early 1990. Third wave feminism seeks to challenge
which (according to them) over emphasized the experiences of upper middle class
1
The concept of inequality between men and women in the society has
developed. The problem that has been discussed is not only about the right in the
politics sector, but also about other issues such as domination and violence that are
experienced by women. The violence that happens repeatedly toward women such
as hitting even to the measure that led to the death, has discussed intensively in
feminism studies. This action links toward the sense of oppression explained by
Young,
sense oppression refers to the vast and deep injustices some groups
(5).
practiced by people or group toward other people. The action of oppression which
unconsciously. The meaning of suffer here is not only when people die but also
when people unconsciously put other people in unfortunate place which harm them.
depicted in literary work as well. Literary work as a reflection of human life has
described the oppression in novel, poem, and play. Film as a new kind of play is
never left behind to show it. The oppression toward woman is usually taken as the
theme in several films. One of the film that shows the oppression toward woman is
Mars Needs Mom. Mars Needs Mom is an animated movie which was released in
2
2011. It was directed by Simon Wells which tells about Milos mother who is
The researcher chose this movie to be analyzed, because there are several acts
and scenes likely indicated the oppression toward women through the script, action,
and scene in the movie. Secondly, in this movie, the oppression toward women is
submissive perspective on gender roles between male and female in the society. In
the feminist discussion, the domination of male toward woman always becomes the
spotlight. Feminist argues that men have monopolized the crucial position which
harm the women, Tyson in his book Critical Theory Today, explains this idea:
Tyson states that the men have monopolized the condition, where they have
them become uneducated, so that they will not capable to be placed in social power.
In the other word, women are alienated from crucial position, and are only placed
in the domestic area for sweeping, or caring the children (85). This circumstance
lead the women depend their selves toward other people, whether it is her family or
her closer friends. In several cases or common cases, women depend on the person
3
they married to which are their husband or well known as men. The powerless
Similar with Tyson, Johnson states that when a woman finds her way into
such positions, people tend to be struck by the exception to the rule and wonder
how she will measure upagainst a man in the same position (5). It shows that women
are also oppressed by societys perception about their capability against mens
they depict them as weak, sensitive, and emotional creatures. These stereotypes are
wrong impression for women in order to gain a place in public position. Even the
challenge against women gaining position is not only apposing by the men, but also
Both of Tyson and Johnson case are the examples of feminism problem, even
if the perpetrators are different. The perpetrator of Tysons case is men whereas in
researcher interest to see another side of oppression toward woman in literary work
oppression toward women which explained by Tyson and Johnson and still included
to what feminism is, so that the writer would like to discuss this feminism study
from different perpetrator, which is the oppression toward women, therefore, in this
4
1. What were the forms of oppression which occur toward female characters
2. How did the female characters experience the oppression that were shaped
2. To analyze how the female characters, experienced the oppression that were
In this research there were two kinds of significance of study. The first
this study would give more additional knowledge about the oppression
study would be a reference toward other study which was also relevant with the
oppression issue.
In this movie there was also oppression toward male characters, but in
this study, the researcher analyzed about the oppression from female character
toward other female characters. The researcher only discussed two female
characters, Milos mother and Gribbles mother who got the oppression from
oppression could also happen from female to female (same sex). The other
5
oppression that was occurred between male and female characters was not
analyzed.
Gender role : the social definition of women and men role based on gender
(FAO 1).
6
CHAPTER 2
Mars Need Mom is a science fiction movie which talks about the Martian
women (humans Mars) who try to find the soul of earth woman to be transferred
Martians.
The Movie was directed by Simon Wells and released in 2011. There are so
many actors involved in this movie, such as Seth Green as Milo, Dan Fogler as
Gribble, Joan Cusack as Milos Mother, Elisabeth Harnois as Ki, etc. Implicitly,
this story shows the related issue between the mother and her son. The story begins
when the supervisor (leader of Martians) asked her woman soldier, named Ki, to
look for earth woman to be transferred to nanny bots. There are three mothers which
are detected, but the chosen woman is only Milos mother. Cusack as Milos mother
bots in Mars. The Martians abduct Milos mother and plan to transfer her soul to
Nanny-bots. This transfer would make Milos mother disappear or die. Fortunately,
Milo is helped by his friend (Gribble) and the rebel (Ki) to save his mother from
the Martian. Gribble wants to help Milo because his mother is also abducted and
2.1 Fiction
Texts are commonly classified as fiction and non-fiction text. The fiction
text usually addresses to the text which involve the imagination of the writers.
Meanwhile, the nonfiction text usually contains the real facts without involving the
writer imagination (Kurland 1). Kurland also states that the examples of fictions are
7
novel, poems, or drama. Those literary works usually classified as fiction because
they involve the imagination of the writer in it. There are nine elements of fiction
partly to illuminate the major characters. Minor characters are often static
or unchanging, they remain the same from the beginning of a work to the
of Fiction1)
8
Technique of Characterization
Authorial Figural
names self-characterization
setting; behaviour;
9
are made directly (explicitly) or indirectly (implicitly). Another distinction
others (117).
2.1.2 Irony
one thing and another. The contrast may be between what is said and what
is meant or usually known as verbal irony, the other irony is situational irony.
The last is dramatic irony, it is what expected to happen and what actually
happens or between what a character believes or says and what the reader
2.1.3 Plot
that lead to a crisis or moment of great tension. The conflict may reach a
climax or turning point, a moment of greatest tension that fixes the outcome;
then, the action falls off as the plots complications are sorted out and
Point of view refers to who tells the story and how it is told. The
various points of view that storytellers draw upon can be grouped into two
10
1. Omniscient: The narrator is like a God in the fiction. She or he
2. Limited omniscient: The narrator takes the reader inside one (or
at most very few characters) but neither the reader nor the
view.
2.1.5 Setting
story occurs. The major elements of setting are the time, the place, and the
social environment that frames the characters. These elements establish the
world in which the characters act. Sometimes the setting is lightly sketched,
presented only because the story has to take place somewhere and at some
time. Often, however, the setting is more important, giving the reader the
feel of the people who move through it. Setting can be used to evoke a mood
or atmosphere that would prepare the reader for what is to come (Elements
of Fiction 2).
11
2.1.6 Style
Style is the way a writer chooses words or the diction in their literary
work. The author arranges the words in sentences and longer units of
her face or voice. It reflects the writer writing style, it also conveys their
2.1.7 Symbol
Literature 1).
2.1.8 Theme
rarely presented at all. It is abstracted from the details of character and action
that compose the story. It provides a unifying point around which the plot,
characters, setting, point of view, symbols, and other elements of a story are
2.1.9 Tone
Tone is the authors implicit attitude toward the reader, subject, and
12
seriousness, bitterness, humorous, and joyful. The tone can be identified by
In conclusion, film as a new form of drama has nine elements in it. Film has
a plot, character, characterization; theme, etc., it insists that film is also a part of
narrative fiction. So that, it can be concluded that film is a drama in modern style.
Young states that oppression has different term and context. In traditional
term, oppression relates to the tyranny action which governed by a ruling group,
whereas in politic field the term of oppression relates toward the stake holder of it.
(24). Johnson states that the oppression happens when there is a position prospers
one group to exploit and subordinate other people or group. The position can be
The oppression issues also discussed by Chernin, but she specifies it to the
oppression toward women, Chernin says that women mostly oppressed by the
1960s, as post- feminist phenomenon (Quinby and Diamond 87). In this case
They usually do everything toward their body such as doing plastic surgery in order
to fulfill the standard of beauty, as society constitutes the concept. Even, they
13
control their weight body through vomiting, diuretics, and laxatives. The tyranny
Similar with Chernin, according to Langan women are denied from their
rights and they are oppressed through stereotypes which are often reinforced by
social workers (8). Langan states, the oppression toward women usually happen
because of their stereotype in the society, such as nurturing, soft, and weak, these
keep women in domestic area in order to manage the subordinate thing and hindered
to their rights to express themselves to be what they want. The Society perspective
of what women supposed to be, makes them cannot explore their capability except
in domestic area.
Beauvoir also states that the oppression toward woman usually happens
tradition called breast ironing. Africa girls breasts are ironed in order to protect
them from raping. Their breasts are vandalized using various objects, including
stones, coconut shells, ladles, spatulas, hammers, which are placed those objects on
a fire, then pounded or rigorously massaged on the breast of adolescent girls. The
aim of the practice is to flatten or lessen the visibility of a young girls breasts,
thereby making her less desirable to potential male predators. Based on the reason
of tradition and the protection toward women, womens breasts are legitimate to be
14
In short, the oppression toward women are the actions from individual or
women.
Marion Young. The theory is related toward the form of oppression which
injustice action that adhere toward people or group because of several reasons,
such as class, race and gender. The five faces of oppression that possibly
2.3.1. Exploitation
that enacts people work to prosper other people or group. In the other words
operates the exploitation toward labor (qtd. in Young 14). But Young believes
that several experts admit Marxists term about the exploitation is too narrow.
Economic is not the only one factor that causes the exploitation. According
to Hinson and Bradley there are three factors that trigger the exploitation.
rules about what work is, who does what for whom, how work is compensated,
and the social process by which the results of work are appropriated operate
to enact relations between power and inequality. These relations are produced
15
and reproduced through a systematic process in which the energies of the
The exploitation toward women has happened within the family system.
not because their work is less important or involves less time or labor than the
paid work performed by men at the public, but women in their domestic roles
The Delphy statement above shows that the domestic work which
governed by women spend a lot of time, they work all day long since they
wake up until they sleep again and also there is no furlough for domestic work.
They also work in the weekend and holiday, they should ensure that the entire
thing from domestic area such as clothes of the family members, logistics and
another little thing in the house are fixed. These responsibilities lead them to
be exploited on the behalf of the family, because for all fatiguing works they
are activities that use the energy of other people beyond their ability without
2.3.2. Marginalization
the stigma that adheres toward them. Women are objectified and marginalized,
defined only by her difference from male norms and values, defined by what
16
she (allegedly) lacks and that men (allegedly) have (Tyson 106). For the
example is the paradigm that women are unproductive therefore they do not
gain the suitable payment. Women that have bad stereotype such as weak
(Tyson 85), effects the treatment toward them. People believe they cannot
produce commodity quantity more than men, therefore in the industry area
position in the industry and has often restricted them to low-paid, insecure
and part-time work (qtd. in Day 14). The difference gender position between
men and women makes the women are exploited in the work field. Women
are usually payless because the company assumes that they are unproductive.
The industry products that produce by women are considered less quantity
than mens products. Women, usually ask maternity leave after give a birth
whereas men do not, which also finally influence their product quantity
because their time work. The circumstance solely induces women still seen
culture. Patriarchal culture includes ideas about the nature of things, including
women, men, and humanity, with manhood, and masculinity most closely
associated with being human and womanhood and femininity relegated to the
marginalization are actions that treat people differently because of the gender
17
2.3.3. Powerlessness
of their fortune. For the example that there are employers who have power to
their labors, they have opportunity and bargaining power to oppress the labors
follow their boss who denigrate their right to extend their idea or right, it is
The powerless that happen toward women usually because they are
because they are categorized as uneducated, incapable to find the job and
because they are too terrified against the perpetrators of injustice action leads
Beauvoir, she depicts the reciprocal needs between the masters and their
slaves, In the relation of master to slave the masters do not make a point of
the need that they have for the other; they have in their grasp the power of
satisfying this need through their own action, whereas the slave, in their
18
dependent condition, their hope and fear, is quite conscious of the need they
group cannot against injustices action because the dependent situation of the
invisible at the same time as they stereotype one's group and mark it out as
Young also states that actually there are dominant group (culture) which
dominant group usually claim universality with the other group and reinforce
its power by bringing the other group under the measure of its dominant
norms. For example, on how the difference between men and women,
The other group that the culture is not dominant and not admitted as a
normal culture may feel marked out as different (Alexa and Sandra 4).
Somehow the expression of the other group feels invisible because the
19
expression and the experience are not represented. In the other word, the other
group looks its own group from the dominant group perspective.
touches the dominant culture, while that same culture imposes on the
60).
the subdominant group cannot channel their expression and has little
influence to dominant culture (life) while that same culture imposes on the
social progress, defines cultural values, and standardizes the civilization and
hegemony occurs somehow because the dominant culture has dominant place
2.3.5. Violence
includes an action that is used to intimidate other people, therefore they can
20
be afraid of intimidation. Violence is connected with the oppression because
influenced and constantly under review as values and social norms evolve (4).
kicking, even cruel treatment that result a death toward other people, further
violence can also occur when someone uses a part of their body or an object
to control a persons actions (Defining Violence and Abuse 1). The physical
is mocking or doing the activities which are pressed the people, as explained
bellow:
21
violence. Usually, physical and sexual violence are classified as one form.
The issues that examined in physical and sexual violence are age, education,
income, area, employment status and occupation (FRA 35). The physical and
sexual violence such as rape or sexual harassment usually impact the victims
psychology.
Washington, cares about the domestic abuse that happen in society. This
humiliating the victim, controlling what victim can or cannot do, withholding
information from the victim, deliberately doing something that make victim
denying the victim access from basic resources, stalking, demeaning the
or expression which has three forms, they are physical, sexual and
psychological violence.
The role of women and men in their life has been constructed by the society,
according to Tyson, traditional gender roles cast men as rational, strong, protective,
and decisive; they cast women as emotional (irrational), weak, nurturing, and
22
submissive (85). In other words, the roles of them have been determined by the
society and they should fulfill the role to be accepted as a normal gender role in the
society. This gender polarization between men and women often creates an artificial
gap between women and men and gender roles that are very difficult to change in
The gender roles cannot be easily changed because it has been rooted and
spread through information which is received from parents, peers, teachers, political
and religious leaders, and the mass media (Crespi 2). Gender roles create the
expectation within the society about what women supposed to do and what men
supposed to do. It cannot be changed because parents have been influenced by the
societys perspective about gender roles. It also influences the teachers perspective
about what girl students supposed to do and what boy students supposed to do, that
they teach them as normal girl and normal boy according to what the system
determined. The mass media also show the normal behavior of men and women
in the media, such as how they show the feminine character toward women
not really different with gender role. Gender relation are the ways in which a culture
or society defines rights, responsibilities, and the identities of men and women in
relation to one another (qtd. in FAO 1). Furthermore, the ways on how the culture
identities both of women and men called gender relation. The identities here mean
as stereotype which usually adhere toward them such as the woman is identified as
a creature that only stay at home whereas the man as a creature who has to go to
23
public for finding the job, feeding the familys needs, and protecting the family.
Because of these diversities, the society assumes that man has more responsibility
masculine and feminine. Hofstede states that masculinity is seen to be the trait
equality, environmental awareness, and more fluid gender roles. Hofstede also
Money and things are important Quality of life and people are
important
economics priority
negotiation
24
Preference for fewer working
hours
School Girls cry, boys dont fight Both boys and girls cry neither
fight
Table 2.2 Hofstede, Cultures Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institution, and
Organization Across Nations.
From table 2.2 it can be seen Hofstede categorized the high masculine and
masculinity and femininity are not biologically attached to the sexes as male or
female, but he emphasizes the theory is modeled to measure the masculine and
Beauvoir also explains more on how the roles in the society between men and
women are really identical. She propounds the society perspective about the mother
discharges the eggs, the father the sperm. She states that There is no reason why
the mother, any more than the father, should feel responsibility for the eggs (kids)
(77). Whereas, in some species the eggs are abandoned by the parents and develop
without assistance, sometimes a nest is prepared by the mother and sometimes she
watches over the eggs after they have been fertilized. But very often it is the father
who takes charge of them (77). Beauvoir states that actually the roles should not be
identical. She believes the responsibility of raising the children is not only the
25
Furthermore, the responsibility feeling of women would continue before the
baby is born. Their caring also reflects the gender roles. The first question that arise
when they are pregnant is is it a boy or a girl?. When they know the baby is a boy,
they would prepare the baby stuff which represents the boy, such as the color of
clothes, baby stroller, or their toys should be black or red. Whereas, when the baby
is girl, they would be happy to prepare the baby stuff which represents the girl.
They would prepare the pinky stuff in order to form the baby girl character to be
feminine. When the baby was born they also treat the baby boy and baby girl
differently, for the example, they would ask baby boy to play the robot and ask the
baby girl to play cooking. Crespi believes, it is the gender socialization which is
In conclusion, traditional gender role are roles between women and men in
their life which have been determined by societies perspective. Those gender roles
Woman as a victim is often depicted in many literary work that have also explained
by researcher. In this study, the researcher would take three previous studies which
are related to the female oppression that the researcher hope can positively
26
1. The portrayal of Patriarchal Oppression towards the Females
Feminist Critics.
This study was conducted by Nurliana Fitri in 2014. Fitri observed the
study portrays women as a victim of patriarchal system not only from male
domination but also has been rooted in society circumstances The oppressed
The researcher draws the conclusion that the oppression that experienced by
female characters is caused by patriarchal culture that has been rooted in the society.
This research and Fitris research study has the same object that analyze the
oppression toward female characters in literary work. The difference that occurs
between this research and Fitris research is the perpetrator of oppression itself. If
Fitri emphasized that the oppression toward women was governed by man character,
in this research, the oppression is also gained by woman characters, but the
sex.
This study is written by Tula Batanchiev in 2008. The researcher believes that
female abuse can be depicted in Media such as Film, TV, Journalism and in Lyric
of the music. In film, women are usually depicted as homemakers who are
dependent so that can be a victim of the oppression. This condition also appears in
27
journalism area that explained by Tula Batanchive. Batanchiev shows the interview
The interviewer shows the bias question toward the victim of domestic abuse
(woman) who feel fear with incident. The interviewer asked the victim why does
she do not move from the crime scene. It implies the abuse would stop if the victim
leaves the place, so that implicitly the interviewer blames the woman because she
place woman as a subordinate creature, who have to avoid the crime scene of
oppression. Batanchiev study also talks about the woman oppression, the issue that
is also discussed in this study. But Batanchievs study emphasizes that the treatment
toward woman as a victim of oppression whereas this research talks about the
Austens's Work
This research is written by Joris S. Beck in 2009. It explains about how Jane
Victorian era. Beck believes that colonialism does not only impact toward country
that is occupied but also the women as a subject of oppression. The oppression
relates toward the colonialism. Many post-colonial critics agree with Jane Fairfaxs
statement about the relation between the occupation of governesses and slave in
Jane Austens work, Emma. Austen believes that that English colonialism is not
only oppressed and exploited its colonies, but also its female subject (Beck 1).
28
Becks research has similarity with this research which talks about the
oppression and the subject is women. The object of this research is also a literary
work, Jane Austen Novel, whereas this research takes Mars Needs Mom movie as
the object.
The difference between this study and the three previous studies is the
perpetrator of oppression. The three previous studies discuss the oppression which
is governed by male character toward female character, while this study would
discuss and analyze the oppression that is governed by a female character toward
29
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
analyzing aspect of the literary criticism, that is the oppression and how did it create
the oppression towards two female characters in Mars Needs Mom movie.
Bartlet that qualitative method is a research method that investigates the experience,
social processes and subculture of the research object. Furthermore, the result of
the data would be presented in forms of words and sentences instead of numerical
data (198).
There was one theory and one journal which used as the ground approach in
this research also several references which would strengthen any statements or
explanations. The first theory is Five Face of Oppression by Irish Marion Young
which would be a basic theory to divide the oppression toward two female
characters in Mars Needs Mom movie. The second approach which was used, that
Isabella Crespis journal which talks about gender roles to show on how the gender
roles in society inflicts the oppression toward two female characters in Mars Needs
Mom movie.
The main Data Source is Mars Needs Mom movie and data characteristic of
this research are the speech (dialogs and monolog), narration and action that
30
represent the female oppression toward two female characters in Mars Needs Mom
movie. The data was presented in a form of words, phrases, and paragraphs
throughout the movie and other books or journals related to the theories or facts
In order to collect the data, the researcher did the observation towards Mom
Needs Mom Movie. Firstly, the researcher watched the movie. While doing the
close watching and reading the script, the researcher also took the notes on
important actions, words, phrases, and paragraphs which were related or indicated
According to Miles and Huberman, there are three part of data analysis. The
first one is data reduction, the second one is data display, and the last is conclusion
abstracting and transforming the data that appear in written up fields notes
or transcription.
- Conclusion, drawing and verification, from the start data collection, the
31
the regularities, patterns, explanations, possible way to configures the data,
Miles and Huberman depict these tree streams data reduction, data display
and conclusion drawing or verification as interwoven before, during and after data
Data
Collection
Data
Data Display
Reduction
Conclusion:
Drawing/Verifying
In the data reduction, the researcher selected, focused, classified, noted the
data which indicate the female oppression toward female characters and the gender
roles that adhere to the female characters in the script and action. The script and
action which did not correlated with female oppression toward female character and
the womens roles did not be taken. Later on, the researcher would like to display
the data. In the data display the researcher organized and compresed assembly of
information that permited conclusion, the data which had been selected firstly were
divided in to four forms of oppression after that the data were classified in to female
roles which was explained in Crespis journal. The gender roles were analyzed as a
32
cause of oppression that experienced by the female characters. The researcher also
took live action data of two female characters before, during, and after the
After that the researcher would analyze the data based on the theory in review
related literature, to answer the research question about what are the forms of
oppression and on how the female characters, experienced the oppression that were
shaped by another female character. The next action was to take the conclusion of
the research after considering the relevant data and evidence that had been analyzed.
3.5 Triangulation
the weakness and bias, which can arise from the use of only one of the methods we
have described. According to Olsen, triangulation refers to the use of more than one
triangulation:
so that slices of data at different times and social situations, as well ason a
2. Investigator triangulation, refers to the use of more than one researcher in the
33
4. Methodological triangulation, refers to the use of more than one method for
The triangulation that is used in this study are data triangulation and
sampling strategies, so that slices of data at different times and social situations, as
well as on a variety of people, are gathered. The writer opinion would not be strong
enough if it is not proven by evidence from trustable source that make this study
stronger. In order to be stronger study the writer would use many trustable sources
To validate the result, the writer saw through book, article, and journal which
related to the study. The first tools of data triangulations was five faces of
Oppression by Irish Marion Young-Web. This book talks about the general
oppression that usually happened. The writer of the book classifies it into five faces
which suitable with the research. It would help the researcher to ensure the writer
The second was Socialization and Gender Roles Within The Family: A Study
On Adolescents And Their Parents In Great Britain by Isabella Crespi -Webb. This
journal talks about that gender roles that happened in the society that classify the
roles based on gender and the roles unconsciously place the women in unfortunate
position that leads them in to the oppression. It helps the researcher to know how
the oppression because of gender roles happened in Mars Needs Mom movie.
34
CHAPTER IV
4.1 The Analysis of Two Female Characters in Mars Needs Mom Movie
In this chapter, the researcher analyzed the oppression that happened toward
Milos mother and Gribbles mother. Both of them were analyzed by Youngs
theory, five faces of oppression (see in pages 15), and gender roles journal by
Crespi (see in pages 23). In order to find the good result, the researcher did not only
take the transcript of conversation which indicate the oppression toward both of
them, but also the characters descriptions of and comments on other characters,
(body language), mask and costume, stage props, setting, behavior and language
Milos mother was the first character who was analyzed in this chapter.
Milos mother has a discipline and motherhood characters. The researcher assumed
that she also became the victim of oppression, to prove the assumption, the analysis
a. Exploitation
The first oppression that was analyzed was exploitation. The researcher
analyzed that there was no exploitation happened toward Milos mother. The
Supervisor planned to exploit Milos mother, but fortunately, Milos had succeeded
to stop it. Because of Milos effort to save her mother this exploitation was not
35
b. Marginalization
The second face of oppression that was explained was marginalization, in this
case Milos mother had been marginalized since the first movie showed. When
Figure 4. 1 Supervisor was looking for earth women who would be taken to the
Mars 00:02:45, Marginalization, Irish Marion Young (Mars Needs Mom Movie,
Simon Wells)
In this scene Supervisor asked Ki (her soldier) to look for an earth woman
who had ability to nurture the children. The chosen woman would be taken to the
Mars. Supervisor took earth woman because she believed with the stereotype which
adhere toward earth woman. She thought earth woman had ability to nurture the
Supervisor was proved by the three candidates that would be taken are earth women.
36
whereas she could also look for men, not women, in the other word, the stereotype
of woman who were skilled to nurture the children had been rooted in Supervisor
mind. It was also a part of marginalization that had been explained by Johnson (see
in pages 4), when women actually had been marginalized by the perception of
society, when their capability are trusted in domestic sector and argued in public
area. According to Biernacki, the society assumption about female and the sexuality
is being reflected in her actions (16). This assumption of woman which was adopted
by Supervisor was reflected with her action toward Milos mother, she thought that
Milos was a good woman, so that she chose her to be abducted to the Mars.
The other scene that showed the marginalization was when Supervisor chose
Milos mother to be taken to the Mars. This decision was taken after observing three
humans mothers.
the rubbish)
37
Milo : (he is forced to obey her mother)
differently because they were influenced by common perception about the nature
of women and men (manhood and womanhood) (see in pages 17). In this scene,
Supervisor chose Milos mother because she had the characteristic of a good mother.
Similar with the proof that was quoted above, Milos mother succeeded to ask Milo
Supervisor believed, Milos mother could nurture the children, she could
make the children obeyed her, it was proved on how Milos mother could organized
her domestic sector especially to nurture her child, Milo. In the other word,
Supervisor believed the stereotype that adhere toward woman which was skilled to
raise the children. Before she chose Milos mother, she observed two other women,
but in contrast with Milos mother, both of them could not nurture the children.
Their children could not be good children, they did not want to obey their parents,
they became impolite children even they argue their parents. The different
characters between Milos mother and the two mothers seem to be different, and
Supervisor prefers to choose Milos mother. In the other word, Supervisors mind
be.
treated Milos mother (woman) different with other men in the earth. Supervisor
38
observed her to be a nanny because she thought Milos mother was women, and
the one who had the nature to be a mother was woman (Milos mother). Secondly,
Supervisor treated Milos mother different with those two women because Milos
Milos mother in this movie was when Gribble showed Milo, the characteristic of
Simon Wells)
This scene showed when Milo asked Gribble about his mother that had been
taken by Martian. He saw that his mother was locked in the tube. After that Gribble
told him what happen in the Mars. Martian babies were born, but female Martian
39
could not take care of those children, so they found earth woman to be transferred
to Nanny bots. The characteristic of mother that was wanted by Martians was the
mother who was really good at controlling their children. It is the same as Tysons
idea, when he talked about woman who wanted to be a valuable woman, she
should become a good wife and good mother (90). Milos mother as a
representative of good mother became a valuable woman for Martians. She was
Based on those three acts of marginalization that were shown and had been
Supervisor because Supervisor believed with the stereotype which adhere toward
Milos mother (representative of a valuable women) and Milos mother had been
c. Powerlessness
not all people had power because of several factors such as their financial or
effects on others" (qtd. in Lord 2), meanwhile Young states that powerless condition
was consciousness that not all people have power (see in pages 17). In this movie,
Supervisor as a dominant character (the character who have power) utilized Milos
mother was categorized as a powerless person, the evidence that Supervisor have
power and Milos mother is powerless were shown in the script and in the scene
below,
40
Figure 4. 4 Martian (under Supervisor order) abducted Milos mother when
she was sleeping 00:10:23, Powerlessness, Irish Marion Young (Mars Needs
Martian : (abduct Milos mother from the house and bind her
Milo : Mom! Mom? Mom! (running to the space ship) Let her go!
(Wells 4).
The consciousness that not all people had power was also shown in this
transcript and in the scene. Milos mother was abducted by Martian when she was
sleeping. She was caught to the spaceship when she was in unconscious condition.
She did not even agree to be taken to the Mars. In this circumstances, Milos mother
was categorized as powerlessness because of her condition, she could not reject to
be brought to the Mars. Here, Milos mother as a human fall asleep when Martians
were abducting her, she did not have power to fight the Martians. Further, Martians
woman (under supervisor order) abducted Milos mother at the night, they
intentionally abducted Milos mother at rest time. When Milos mother could not
discuss or reject the Martians had a chance to abduct her. She also could not ask
helping from other person because she was literally in powerless condition. Milo
41
tried to help his mother by chasing the spaceship, but unfortunately he is just a boy
who was still categorized as vulnerable person. He could not take his mother at that
time, because he was alone there were no person who helped him.
The other powerlessness condition that was shown was when Gribble
Figure 4. 5 Martians (under supervisor order) who had higher technology rather
than human, they utilized human using their technology, 00:26:04, Powerlessness,
Gribble : All right. Right up there. You see, they have this
In this part, Milos mother as Earth women had been abducted by Martians.
She was locked in the tube, isolated in isolation room and would be brought to
Nanny Bots. The researcher saw on how Martians who were led by Supervisor had
42
high technologies. It was similar with Youngs theory, on how some people actually
know that have power and other people do not have. In this case, Supervisor knows
that Martians have good technology (have more power) and human do not have it
earth women) did not have power, she was only a house wife, so she saw the chance
Based on the analysis the two acts of powerlessness above, the researcher
concluded that Milos mother got the powerlessness as a face of oppression because
Supervisor realized that she had a power, Milos mother (representative of earth
women) lack of power, she also saw the chance to utilize her.
d. Cultural Imperialism
The third face of oppression was cultural imperialism, in this movie cultural
imperialism does not appear. Firstly, because the depiction of cultural imperialism
usually appears in the historical movie, when there was a complicated condition
between dominant culture and subdominant culture. Secondly, this movie was
animation movie, which was aimed for children. The researcher thought that, the
because they had not face it yet, after seeing the movie from beginning until the end,
the researcher concludes that there was no cultural imperialism shown in this movie.
e. Violence
In this part, the researcher showed the violence which happened toward
Milos mother. According to European Union Agency for Fundamental Right (see
in pages 21) there are three kinds of violence, they are physical, sexual, and
psychological violence. In the movie, the researcher only found physical and
43
psychological violence that happened toward Milos mother, it happened because
Supervisor who have power wanted to utilize Milos mother. The physical violence
usually involves the physical action, whereas the psychological violence involves
human emotional. The first violence that would be analyzed was abduction as
00:10:23, Violence, Irish Marion Young (Mars Needs Mom Movie, Simon Wells)
Martian : (abduct Milos mother from the house and bind her
Milo : Mom! Mom? Mom! (running to the space ship) Let her go!
(Wells 4).
From the data above, it showed that Milos mother got the violence from the
Martians, because in the middle of the night, Milos mother was abducted by them
and she was brought to the Mars. The researcher believed the abduction was one of
the violence. This violence was categorized as a psychological violence because the
Martians had taken her right (freedom) to be able to stay and live on earth, plus also
she was being apart from her son without her knowing it. The right that was taken
44
was when she became a part of her family. It was related with a form of violence
that was explained by NCADV (see in pages 22), one form of psychological
violence was when someone was isolated from her or his friends or family. This
abduction directly isolated Milos mother from her son, Milo. This abduction was
directly harming human life. The real impact that was shown in the data, on how
Milo (her son) chased his mother, he felt sad when his mother was abducted. It was
also surely happened if Milos mother woke up, she would felt sad being apart with
her family (son and husband). This sadness inflicted human emotion which was
The other data which showed the physical violence toward Milos mother
was when she had arrived in the Mars, Supervisor controlled her body, the data is
Figure 4. 7 Milos mother was put and bound in the tube, and supervisor
asks the soldier to carry her. 00:12:57, Violence, Irish Marion Young
Milos mother is carried out from the space ship. She is put and bound in
the tube.
45
Soldiers : (tell supervisor they find another human (Milo) in the
spaceship)
After carried to the Mars, Milos mother was put and bound into a tube. The
researcher believed the act of violence that happened toward Milos mother in this
scene was physical violence. It was similar with the cause of physical violence that
had been explained in chapter 2 (see in pages 21), when physical violence somehow
happened when people wanted to take other people bodys control. It is depicted
when Milos mother was locked up by Martian (under supervisor order) in the tube,
her hand was bound, her body would be isolated and observed by them. It clearly
showed the act of violence when her body became an object of Supervisor, this
violence was happened because supervisor wanted to take over Milos mother body
control. She managed and programmed what would be done toward Milos mother
body, she asked her soldier to carry her to the Citadel (observation room). Whereas
as a human, Milos mother did not deserve to be bound in the tube. Her
incarceration was a form of restraining of her right of human to be free of using her
body.
The continuity of violence that was happened toward Milos mother was
when Milos mother was isolated in the top of Citadel (isolation room).
46
Figure 4. 8 In Gribbles house, Milo saw her mother locked up in the
Milo : Mom? (see the monitor which show his mother is put in
the tube)
The scene shows that Milos mother was located in isolation room. Martians
observe her without her permission. Firstly, this action had violated Milos mother
right to be united with her family. It was related with NCADV statement that
isolating other people to meet her family or friends was one kind of psychological
violence. The second one, this isolation was continued by observe her body. It was
seen in the scene on how Martians (under supervisor order) check Milos mother
body frequently. This action was related to physical violence, where they still bound
stronger when the script that was spoken by Supervisor was subject (Milos
mother) will be terminated it clearly showed that there was an intention that Milos
47
mother would be terminated by Martian. The termination here means that Milos
mother would be vanished by them. She would vanish because she would be
extracted to Nanny Bots through solar Machine when the sun rises. The act of
termination was really correlated with physical violence. The Martians intend to
terminate Milos mother life. Even if Milos mother did not feel hurting, but she
would die, and related to Youngs theory, the action that lead someone to die was
The other act of violence that happened towards Milos mother is, when
Milos mother : Milo, can you turn the cartoons down? I'm trying to
sleep.
Milo : Mom, come on. You gotta wake up! We gotta get out of
here!
Milos mother : Milo, the alarm hasn't even gone off. Can you just let me
48
Milo : Believe me, that would be a bad idea. (Wells 36)
In this scene, Milos mother had not realized yet that she was locked in the
someone in extraction machine by the aim to extract her into the Nanny bots which
profit Martians was really an act of violence. It was related with Youngs theory
that the physical action of controlling other people action was an act of violence.
By carrying Milos mother body from earth, to the citadel (Mars isolation room)
after that to the extraction machine, it showed that Supervisor had an intention
toward Milos mother physical. In the last story, if the extraction happened, Miloss
The proof that Milos mother also did not know and deal about Supervisor
Milos mother : Wait a second. Did you just pull me out of bed? (wake up,
Milo : No! Mom, Mom. Mom! Mom, listen. Mom, look at me.
In this transcript, the researcher saw on how Milos mother screams, she was
really shock. She did not even know she has been brought to the Mars. She was
confused that she has been already in the Mars. It was also an impact of
49
psychological effect that has been explained by Robinson, Smith and Segal that
someone who has trauma would likely to struggle with upsetting emotions,
frightening memories, or a sense of constant danger. She or he might also feel numb,
disconnected, and unable to trust other people (1). Here, Milos mother felt
frightened when she realizes that she was not home. She was placed in unknown
place. She also felt disconnected with her previous memory that she was supposed
Based on seven evidences and also the explanation that had been elaborated,
the researcher concluded that Milos mother got physical and psychological
After analyzing Milos mother character, using the five faces of oppression
theory by Irish Marion Young, the researcher finds that there were only three faces
of oppression that gained by Milos mother. Those three faces of oppression were,
Gribbles mother was the second female character who would be analyzed in
this chapter. Gribbles mother was a sample of a pattern mother which can control
her child. The researcher assumed that she also become the victim of oppression, to
a. Exploitation
The exploitation which has been explained by Marxist as a process that enacts
people work to prosper other people or group, in this situation Supervisor (female
50
that happened toward Gribbles mother was when Gribbles mother was extracted
Not until it was too late. And then I realized....I was all
That was one of the signs that the exploitation was happening to the Gribbles
mother, the action in the picture above shows how his mother was exploited by the
Martians (under supervisor order) where his mother was extracted through the solar
machine into nanny-bots in order to nurture the Martian baby. The extraction
process which happened toward his mother has made her lost her life, and that was
more than enough to tell that Gribbles mother got disadvantage at that point. It was
also similar with the explanation of exploitation (see in pages 16) explained by
Marxist. He said that exploitation was happened when person utilize other people
to prosper themselves.
51
According to Delphy, the work of women somehow did not get fair
compensation, or even did not paid, not because their work was not important rather
than men, but somehow their work was not counted as a job, and of course non
workers should not be paid, for example their work in domestic area (qtd. in Tyson
98). In this circumstances, Gribbles mother sacrificial was not paid, not because
her sacrificing was less important, but her sacrifice was not a job and would not be
expected to be paid.
Based on the one acts of exploitation which had been analyzed above, the
harmed other people life in order to prosper her clan (Martians). The exploitation
b. Marginalization
According to Johnson, Marginalization is happened when people had idea about the
nature thing that should be fulfilled by both men and women, he believed that it
was because of patriarchal culture (39). The thing that should be underlined was the
nature thing of both sex that was believed by people. The nature thing could lead
the marginalization toward women. In this part, Gribbles mother had been
52
Figure 4. 11 Gribble mother was chosen because of her motherhood and
In this scene, Gribble tells Milo about the abduction process of his mother
which was done by Martians. The characteristic of mother which was chosen by
Martian 25 years ago before Milos mother was similar with Milos mother
characteristic. Supervisor observed and selected Gribble mother because she shown
motherhood, that she could control her children, it was shown in Gribbles
transcript when he said that Supervisor chose her mother because she can control
Gribble and made Gribble obey her. The motherhood feeling owned by Gribbles
mother in which she was able to control her son was proved by the action in picture
on how Gribble obeyed her mother when she asked him to clean his toys. It was
similar with Johnsons case (see in page 17) that women are usually marginalized
by their nature of thing, they are not considered in public place because people
believe their capability in domestic area such as nurturing the children. This
53
perception was also adopted by Supervisor as she looks for women who has
motherhood character.
After analyzing the data above, the researcher was sure that Gribbles mother
capability was marginalized by Martians (under Supervisor order), because she was
c. Powerlessness
others (qtd. in Johnson 5). In this part, the high technologies which was owned by
Martians was recognized by Supervisor. She realized that she had privilege to
powerlessness that was happened toward Gribbles mother. The explanation was
elaborated below.
Wells)
54
Gribble : I'll tell you what's not fair, man. Not fair is when a bunch
In this part, Gribbles mother was taken by Martian in the midnight when she
felt asleep (powerless). She did not know that she would be taken by them. She was
not in aware condition, whereas Martians intentionally abducted her when she was
sleeping. They chose the appropriate time to abduct earth woman. It was also
proven when they abducted Milos mother which also happened in the middle of
night. It was similar with Youngs theory that people somehow realize that other
people were powerless rather than them (see in pages 17). Here, the Supervisor
realizes that humans were powerless when they were sleeping, so supervisor asked
The other powerlessness that was happened toward Gribble mother was when
she -as an earth woman- was powerless, and Martians who have more power (higher
55
Gribble : They got your mama strapped into some kind of machine.
didn't know...that when the sun came up, it'd start the
(Wells 27)
humans) did not know about the modern technology that owned by Martians.
Martians used this lack of technology (powerless) of earth human became their
opportunity to use human body. It was similar with Youngs theory that several
people know that other people does not have power because of their fortune. In this
case, Earth human was in misfortune condition and Supervisor realized it. She
utilized humans Earth (Gribbles mother) to profit her clan. This misfortune
condition was also had been explain by young that several people had less work
autonomy (22). They could not defense themselves, because several factor that they
had.
Gribbles mother got the powerlessness because Supervisor realized the power and
privilege which was owned by Martians. She misused her privilege and her power
d. Cultural Imperialism
The third face of oppression was cultural imperialism, in this movie cultural
imperialism does not appear. There are two reason why this movie did not involve
56
the cultural imperialism issue. Firstly, this movie is not historical movie that needs
the depiction on how some cultures are more dominant rather that the other culture
(subdominant culture).
Secondly, this movie is children movie. The children would not easier to
conceive the idea of cultural imperialism that is usually shown in adult movie.
human. Because the aim of children watch the film or movie is to get entertainment,
e. Violence
The last action of oppression which happened in Mars Needs Mom Movie
was violence. The violence also happened toward Gribbles mother. In this part, the
According to European Union Agency for Fundamental Right (see in pages 21)
there are three kinds of violence, they are physical, sexual, and psychological
violence. In the movie, the researcher only found physical and psychological
who have power wanted to utilize Gribbles mother. The physical violence usually
involves the physical action, whereas the psychological violence involves human
emotion. The evidence which proved that she gets the violence was elaborated
below.
The first transcript that indicates the oppression is when Milo realizes that
57
photo) "George Ribble. "He must've been a kid, too,
(Wells 25)
Besides that, there were other dialogs between Milo and Gribble that
Gribble : Where did you get this? (takes his T-shirt) This is mine.
Milo : They took your mom, too, didn't they? It's OK, Grib, I
(Wells 26)
In this transcript Milo said that "He must've been a kid, too, when he came
here, before that he opened the capsule which saves Gribbles T-shirt, he saw
Gribble with his mother, at that time he realizes that Gribbles mother was also
abducted by Martians and Gribble was also a victim. This transcript which
described consciousness of Milo that Gribbles mother was abducted was one of
supporting evidences that Gribble mother also got violence from Martians (under
supervisor order). It was the same as characteristic of data which was taken was the
dialog or monolog from the characters who are indicates the oppression. The
researcher believes that the abduction of Gribbles mother that was realized by Milo
is a part of violence, because Martians separated a mom with her child. According
to NCADV, the action of separating people with their family is also an act of
psychological violence (1). Separating people with their family was classified as an
act of psychological violence, because it disturbed the human emotion, the human
58
would feel sad. In this transcript it was reflected by Gribbles dialog, when he said
that How I feel? How I feel you have no idea how I feel, he said it while he
was crying. If Gribble mother knew that she was separated with her son, the
The other evidence which showed that Gribbles mother was separated with
Gribble : I'll tell you what's not fair, man. Not fair is when a bunch
retold about her mother who has been abducted by Martian long time ago. It was
shown when he said that the unfair thing was when scary aliens take your mama
(his mother) the only parent that he had. In this part, the Martians (under supervisor
order) did the violence toward Gribbles mother because they abducted and
separated the mother with her son. It was fit toward NCADVs statement that
59
The violence toward Gribbles mother was also proved in the scene when
know now. I didn't know...that when the sun came up, it'd
In this scene, the researcher saw that Gribbles mother was bound in the solar
extraction machine. The scene was also supported by the script when Gribble told
Milo on how his mother was extracted by Martians and she disappeared (die). This
action was clearly an act of oppression because the Martians did cruel action that
take Gribbles mother life. It was similar with Tysons theory that oppression is a
cruel action which hurts other people even lead them to the death. Gribbles mother
60
died because of the action, so that Gribbles mother got the oppression from
mother the researcher concluded that Gribbles mother was not only gaining the
psychological violence, she also got physical violence that led her to the death.
by Irish Marion Young, the researcher concluded that there were four faces of
oppression that was experienced by her. Those four faces of oppression were
From the analysis above, Milos mother got three faces of oppression. The
first oppression that was gained by Milos mother was marginalization, it can be
seen in data 1/O/M (see in appendix 1) when Supervisor started to look for earth
woman, she wanted the earth woman who has characteristics of good woman who
was able to nurture Martians baby before being selected. According to Johnson,
women are usually labelled as creature who naturally born with femininity (see in
pages 17), so they had to fulfill the characteristic of femininity if they wanted to be
The perception actually was also rooted in Supervisors mind even if she -as
woman- also did not fulfill the womanhood characteristic. Her perception toward
the nature of earth woman as a cause of her act of marginalization toward Milos
mother. According to Tyson (see in pages 16) women usually being marginalized
by being defined from what they allegedly lack and what men allegedly have. The
prove that Supervisor believed with this notion was when Gribble explain to Milo,
61
the characteristic of earth women who are looked by her, in 3/O/M (see in appendix
1). She believed her perception and she chose Milos mother who were appraised
that had fulfilled the characteristic of good mother. Her crafty characteristic actually
could be seen in the scene after Supervisor choosing Milos mother, she laughed
Powerlessness is consciousness that other people do not have power like other
people (see in pages 18) is also happened toward Milos mother, it was because
Supervisor saw the chance to utilize earth women when they were sleeping. And
she also realized that Mars had a better potentiality in technology. Therefore,
Martians used their higher technology in the appropriate time that human was
powerless, especially at the midnight. It was proven in the data 4/O/P when Milos
mother was taken at the midnight (see in Appendix 1). They combine the good
chance and good technology to take earth human who are powerless. According to
Young, powerless is the condition of less or no work autonomy (22), Milos mother
as human has less work autonomy comparing with Martians which their society had
more power in technologies rather than hum, therefore by combining those two
actions, Martians strengthen the assumption that they have more power and humans
The third oppression which also the widest oppression was violence. Violence
happened toward Milos mother since she was abducted, bound in the isolation
room, until the point she was bound in extraction machine, it was proven in the data
6/O/V, 7/O/V, and 8/O/V (see appendix 1). These act of violence happened as the
result of the Martians need of a mother figure. This need was assumed to be fulfilled
by earth women because earth women has been labelled with their femininity
62
character. According to Hofstede that, Femininity is seen to be trait which stresses
caring nurturing behavior (1), Milos mother had succeeded fulfilling this traits of
femininity, it is seen in the data 3/O/M when Gribble told Milo the reason why his
mother became the chosen one. Therefore, Supervisor saw this opportunity to
utilize earth women moreover when she realized that Martians had more power than
researcher concluded that the process of oppression that was gained by Milos
mother which was done by Supervisor were, marginalized her by observing her,
after marginalization she got powerlessness, and the last process that was gained by
her was violence. She did not get exploitation because her child, Milo succeeded to
save her.
After the analysis above, the researcher found four faces of oppression that
were experienced by Gribbles mother. The oppressions that had been experienced
violence. The process of oppression that was experienced by Gribbles mother was
assumption that she was capable to nurture the Martians baby. According to
Crespis (see in pages 23) that gender roles of earth women could not easily change
because it had been rooted and spread through information which is received by
media. This stereotype of women had been rooted and spread throughout Mars,
because Supervisor (the leader of Martian) observed and stalked human life. It was
proven when Ki told Milo that she found the secret document,
63
Ki : Two quarters ago I was working in the administration
Human 3 : A chrysanthemum?
The script told about Ki (Martian soldier) who found Earth secret document.
This document was top secret document, even the Martian was forbidden to see it.
The contains of the secret document was human life. It proved that Supervisor had
stalked every single detail of human life. Further, the result of the reconnaissance
that Supervisor also believe with the stereotype of Earth women. It was proven
when she observed the chosen mother (Gribbles mother) who would be taken, it
could be seen in the data number 12/O/M. The data shows on how Supervisor only
chose the mother who had motherhood character that could control the child. She
defined Gribbles mother that she lacked of capability in technology and had more
capability to nurture the children. It was why Supervisor chose Gribbles mother to
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extract her soul to nurture the children, not to help Martians to build their
technology.
was abducted when she was sleeping and Martians utilized her. The reason that
Martians (under supervisor order) utilized earth woman was because Martians had
misuse their power and take the advantage to dominate the female or their
subordinate (4). In this case Supervisor had what usually had by male, it was power.
Despite she is a female, she still misused her power to Earth woman. She abducted
Earth woman (Gribbles mother) who was assumed as powerless creature when she
was sleeping. So that earth woman would not go against the abduction and abuse
realized Martians (under her leadership) had more power in technology so that she
Since in the first time, Gribbles mother has been abducted, bound, and extracted
violence against women means any act of gender-based that result in, or is likely to
result in physical, sexual or psychological harm. Similar with Milos mother, the
Martians do these action toward Gribbles mother because the Supervisor believed
that earth woman had capability to nurture the children. Despite she was a female
and she could not nurture the children, she still took the action to extract Gribbles
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mother into the Nanny-bots. The supervisor treated and harmed the woman
basically because of the gender reason and she had a power to do violence.
The last oppression was exploitation, the researcher believed that supervisor
violence (7), similar with Marxist, exploitation is a process that enacts people work
to prosper other people or group (see in pages 15). In this circumstances she
believed that earth women born with womanhood character. It was why she chose
mother died. Her body disappeared and her soul was transferred to Nanny-bots. The
loss of her body was categorized as exploitation, because it was included as using
researcher concluded that the process of oppression that was gained by Gribbles
she got powerlessness, after that she gained the violence, and the last was
exploitation.
values and norms in society (Rahiem and Maila 454). Trough the story, children is
expected to know which is good and bad character in their life. Therefore, they
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can copy the depiction of good behavior in the story and they would know the bad
behavior will impact their life badly as a form of punishment from parents,
Wells, the director of Mars Needs Mom movie also does not left behind to
put the moral issue in this movie. Even, the moral issue, become the main theme
in the movie. In order to help the development of children character, Wells put the
providing role models, opportunities to discuss moral dilemmas, and have the
(455). In this movie, Milos dilemma become an enormous energy to influence the
Milo, as son is actually a good boy but he think his mother always give him
many order. Whereas, actually in this movie her mother teach him to be a
responsible person. He should clean up his own clothes, throw the rubbis etc. These
with Almerico The benefits of character education are multifaceted going beyond
the apparent outcomes of being a good person and responsible citizen (2). Here,
Milos mother teaches Milo to be a responsible in little scale (her own life) before
Besides the the responsible issue, in this movie, the children was also taught
to respect their parents. Because actually their parents always want a best thing
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toward their children. This story showed, on how the roles of parents is priceless. It
is a roles that can not be replaced by other thing such as robot. For example, the
Martians who were abducted by Nanny-bots did not develop well. It was how,
Based on those explanation, the researcher believes that there were moral
issues that appeared in Mars Needs Mom movie. Therefore, this movie could be
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CHAPTER V
5.1 Conclusion
After analyzing the two characters of Mothers (Milos mother and Gribbles
mother) using Youngs theory and Isabella Crespis journal, the researcher
concluded that:
Milos mother got three faces oppression from Supervisor, those three
mother got four faces oppression. The four faces of oppression are exploitation,
After analyzing the process of oppression that was gained by two mothers,
the researcher concludes that the process of oppression which is firstly done by
Supervisor (female) are, Supervisor observes them, abducts them and extracted
them using solar extraction machine. The different process from both of them is
extraction was failed because Milo was successful in saving her mother.
Based on those analysis, the researcher concludes that the oppression toward
women can be done by women. Therefore, the researcher believes that the
oppression toward women is not always caused by gender assumption that male is
superior rather than women, but the oppression can be happened due to the power
5.2 Suggestion
After analyzing and discussing the Mars Needs Mom Movie, the researcher
believes that there are several suggestions which can be taken from this research.
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The first suggestion is for society, especially women, by reading this study,
the researcher suggests that women should be aware when they are oppressed by
other. Therefore, they should protect themselves in order to keep their body save.
Somehow women do not know that they are being oppressed, therefore by reading
this study the researcher hopes that women can realize if they are under oppression.
For the children, the researcher suggests that they should give more
appreciation toward what their mother do for them. After watching this movie,
hopefully children will respect her mother and realize that they are nothing without
their mother.
For English Literature students, the researcher suggests that this study should
be read in the library as the additional knowledge in order to develop their skill,
especially in literature skill and feminism issue. The researcher wants that English
literature students can take the good of this thesis, such as the theories that is used,
as a reference to do the assignment which similar with the ground theories of this
study.
this film in various feminist or another ground approach. Because there are so many
issues that can be elaborated in Mars Needs Mom Movie. Another researcher can
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