JSC ELUR CERC 1

JSC ELektrichesky Upravlyayemy Reactory(ELUR/CERC) was established in 2000

Key companies working with ELUR/CERC for controllable reactors are:
- Transformer factory (ZTR), OJSC, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
- Electro-technical factory, OJSC, Ramenskoye, Moscow Region, Russia
- All-Russian electro-technical institute, State Enterprise, Moscow, Russia
- Expending Edge LLC, San Anselmo, California, USA
ELUR/CERC is a laureate of Russian government award for science and technology
in 2003 (development, manufacture and maintenance arrangement of controllable
electric reactors).

Range of products:

- Controllable shunt reactors (MCR): RTU 110500 kV;

- Controllable shunt reactors (MCR): RTU 635 kV;
- Controllable arc-extinguishing (neutral) reactors (MCR): RUOM (ROU) 635 kV.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
 Controllable Shunt Reactors (MCR) 2

1. MCRs are smoothly adjustable inductive resistances controlled by changing the

magnetic circuit saturation.
2. Application of MCRs instead of non-adjustable and stepwise adjustable reactors
is expedient in electric networks mains with a variable load shedule.
3. MCRs combined with condenser bank capacitors act as synchronous and static
thyristor compensators.
4. Structural diagram: 5. The main adjustment characteristics:

n Phase
CT VT current

Un Phase voltage

CB MCR ~

Error signal

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
Principle of operation 3

Schematic Typical modes

diagram of the phase: I. No-load operation II. Nominal mode (semiperiodic III. Maximum mode (full-
(non-saturated mode) saturation) period saturation)
iHV IHV = Ic 0 IHV = Ic = In IHV = 1,3In ; Ic 2In

I II III I
UHV
ic
Phase current IHV

Uc
2 Control current Ic

Uc = (0,010,03)UHV
= (0,11) sec Phase voltage UHV Control voltage Uc

s i
- s Magnetic fluxes , 2

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
Schematic diagram of MCR 4

B C 0
HV winding
a) a) I distortion 0.04In
Phase current HV
I
a)
Control winding
Current I
a1 b1 c1
B C 0
HV Phase current HV
b) b) Qph = (0.030.05)Qn;
I I distortion 0.02In
b)
Control winding
a1 b1 c1 Lf Current I
Cf1

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
A phase of 180/500 MCR 5
A phase of the controllable reactor RODTsU-60/525/3
mounted in 1989 on the Bely Rust substation, Russian Federation

Purpose:
Network tests (adjustment, dynamic, vibration and noise
tests, current nonlinear distortion, resonance events).
Basic technical specifications:
1. Rated voltage 525/3 kV
2. Rated power 60 MVAr
3. Power variation range 0.281 MVAr
4. Time of power change 0.3 sec
5. Losses:
-no-load loss 90 kW
-nominal loss 465 kW
6. Control power 1.8 MVA
7.Total weight 138 tons

Customers (Dalny elektroperedachi) conclusion is,

The sample has successfully passed the tests and can be accepted as a base for a pilot model.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
 25/110 MCR 6
3-phase controllable reactor 25 MVAr, 110 kV mounted on
Purpose:
Kudymkar substation, Russian Federation, 1999
Being coupled with Shunt Condenser Bank (SCB) of 42
MVAr it provides voltage stabilization in connection point,
optimization of reactive power flows in the adjacent
network.
Basic technical specifications:
Rated voltage 121 kV
Rated power 25 MVAr
Power variation range 0.2530 MVAr
Time of power change 2.0 sec
Losses:
no-load loss 25 kW
nominal loss 200 kW
6.Control power 160 KVA
7.Upper harmonics
in current < 4%
8.Total weight 69 tons
Customer
Customers (UES of Russia) conclussion (on results of panel discussion at the reacrtor installation site) is that:
1.Voltage deviations are limited by 1.5%.
2. On peak load the power loss in the adjoining network is reduced to 2.5 MW.
3. Due to the increased transmission capacity the projecting of additional 220 kV power transmission line for this region
can be postponed.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
100/220 MCR 7
3-phase controllable reactor 100 MVAr, 220 kV
mounted on the Chita substation, Russian Federation, 2002
Purpose:
Voltage stabilization in the connection point,
generator relief from the reactive power.
Basic technical specifications:
Rated voltage 220 kV
Rated power 100 MVAr
Power variation range -2.5113 MVAr
Time of power change 0.4 sec
Losses:
no-load loss 87.7 kW
nominal loss 558 kW
6. Control power 1 MVA
7. Upper harmonics
in current <2%
8. Total weight 183 tons

Customers (UES of Russia) conclusion (of scientific and technical council, clause 2, of
December 29, 2003) is,
To recommend Federal Network Company of Unified Energy System, JSC using the similar
controllable shunt reactors (MCR) in 110330 kV networks.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
180/330 MCR 8
3-phase controllable reactor 180 MVAr, 330 kV mounted on the
Baranovichi substation, Belarus, 2003
Purpose:
Voltage stabilization, generator relief from the
reactive power.
Basic technical specifications:
Rated voltage 347 kV
Rated power 180 MVAr
Power variation range -5195 MVAr
Time of power change 0.7 sec
Losses:
-no-load loss 138 kW
-nominal loss 753 kW
6.Control power 1 MVA
7.Upper harmonics
in current <2%
8.Total weight 320 tons
Preliminary conclusion of the customer (technical board of Belenergoproekt) is,
To recommend Belenergo using only MCR in 330 kV networks.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
 Automatic mode 9

Measurement sheet of MCR operation

25/110 MCR Kudymkar substation 180/330 MCR Baranovichi substation

Bus voltage and RTU current graph for automatic operation of the reactor

140
Daily time -s he e t o f o pe ratio n in auto matic v o ltag e
s tabilizatio n c o nditio n (the g ra ph sta rts a t 18:30 7/09 2003)
120
390

100 340
voltage, kV, reactor current, A

Ubus 330 V (V), I re ac tor ()

290

80
1
240

2
190
60

140

40
90

40
20

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

35

37

39

41

43

45

47

49

51

53

55

57

59

61

63
Time of ope ration (min), c he c kpoint e ve ry 20 minute s
U bus 330 V I reactor

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
time of day

Voltage Current

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
Static performance 10
Voltage Current distortion

I dist (A) I dist (A)

300

250
1 25

200
I ph
20
1 phase effective
Regulation curves
current
15
150

3 I dist
(without filters)
10
2 phase distortion
current
100

2 5
50
I dist (full graph)
3 phase distortion
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
current, filters switched
Biasing current
Control current
Fig.4. The diagram illustrates the article by Bryantsev A. M. Network tests of a 100 MVA
220 kV reactor
off
110/220 MCR, Chita substation

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
 Dynamic performance 11
The maximum rate of current change in normal Phase currents of the 25/110 MCR Kudymkar
mode, 110/220 MCR Chita substation substation when connected to the network
1
1
2 2
2b
2c
3

1 network voltage
1 2 phase currents
3 control current
2
3
()
/ .

: , ,
, , -
, ,
10 .

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
MCRs of 110-500 series 12
Principal electric diagram: Equipment configuration:
Main equipment:
-MCR phases equipped with a semiconductor converter;
-system of automatic control ().
Supplementary equipment:
-switches;
-voltage and current transformers (`x and , );
-neutral reactor ().

Properties of MCR110-500* series:

Power, MVA: 32, 63, 100, 180
Voltage, kV: 110, 220, 330, 500
*- any combinations of power and voltage are available.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
Typical modes of MCR operation 13

The connection of the reactor to a high- Transient processes in normal

voltage network with the simultaneous symmetrical modes:
adjustment of power consumption:
01. Power rise from nominal to maximum level; 12 Power
drop; 23 Double power forcing; 34 Changeover to nominal
mode

0 1 2 3 4

Phase current

Phase current B

Phase current C

Phase voltage

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
Typical modes of MCR operation 14

Transient processes of a MCR when:

Voltage drops Voltage rises

Ia

Ib

Ic

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
 Technical requirements 15

Technical requirements for 110550 kV MCRs (UES of Russia)

BASIC: ADDITIONAL:

The level of consumed power shall be adjusted
automatically or manually within the range of 0.01 up
to 1.2 of the rated power with unlimited number of
possible changes.
Guaranteed rate of smooth power change from
one steady-state value to another shall be 0.3 to 0.5
sec.
The effective value of distortion current
consumed from the network shall be no more than 5
% of the nominal current of the major harmonics
within the full adjustment range.
Nominal mode shall be started faster than 0.02
seconds after the reactor has been connected to HV
power network.
5. MCRs shall provide operability in asymmetrical
mode and single-phase conditions.
6. MCRs shall have the following properties: fast-
response (bellow 0.02 seconds), changeover of an
effective power value to the mode of increased
power consumption with consequent return to initial
state.
7. Reactors shall provide enhancement of the
consumed current shape with distortion current
reduced to 2% of the major harmonic rated value.
8. MCRs shall provide power take-off at the LV
side.

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
 Efficiency 16

1. Basic technical and economic features for 110500 kV CSRs of RTU

series:
- Weight index: 1.53 kg/kVAr
- Power loss index:
at no-load mode 0.51.0 W/kVAr;
at rated mode 48 W/kVAr.
2. Performance:
- fully automatic operation (without switching operation);
- operation and maintenance costs, reliability are similar to those of
conventional shunt reactors.
3. Multifunctional capabilities:
- MCR can functionally substitute for conventional shunt reactors,
stepwise adjustable reactors and thyristor reactor groups;
- MCR combined with bank work as synchronous or thyristor
compensators.
- MCRs do not require switching of circuit breakers.
Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004
Backlog of orders for MCR in Russia 17

1. MCRs types which have already been installed or are

being manufactured:
25 (32) MVAr/110 kV 4 units;
63 MVAr/110 kV 1 unit;
100 MVAr/220 kV 2 units;
180 MVAr/330 (500) kV 2 units.

2. Backlog of future orders:

On estimation of UES of Russia, RJSC roughly each one
in three reactors for 110-550 kV networks shall be of
controllable type.

A phase of the controllable reactor RODTsU-

60/525/3 installed at Bely Ru
60/525/ Rust
st substation,
substation,
Russian Federation

Midwest ISO- Expanding Edge Seminar, St. Paul, MN September 16, 2004