TASKS

Student: Dilam Alvarado Fernndez

1. What is the gist of the above text? Do you think the author tried to be sarcastic or
humoristic? Give arguments to support your answer. [Maximum 50 words].

In these times of globalization, technology advances every day and it is impossible to

catch up. Young people have more questions and prefer to work with programs or
software of electricity than examples are too confusing, the author works this
sarcastically because he presents typical examples of electricity are derided or ridiculed
by the young Julian.

2. For future reference, and also to help you get acquainted with technical words both
in English and in Spanish, you should start a glossary on Electronics and Engineering.
The following fields should be included: English term, Spanish equivalent, definition,
related hyperlinks, synonyms and antonyms. If you want, you may expand these
fields. You are advised to work in groups, and advance at a rate of some 20 new words
per week. By thE end of the semester, your glossary should include some 400-500
words.

3. Write down the outline underlying this text.

1G: The first generation of cell phone is clearly analog and is emphasized voice service,
developed between 1970 and 1980. It has a data rate of 2 kbps.Usa FDMA multiplexing

2G: The second generation of mobile phone is converted to digital. And it emphasizes
digital voice and SMS, MMS, high data packet capacity. Uses TDMA CDMA
multiplexing.

2.5G It is in the middle of 2G and 3G, combines 2G and GPRS technology. It has a data
traffic rate of 144kpbps

3G The third generation of cellular technology. It includes circuit and data switching,
has a digital bandwidth, has devideo conference service, streaming .Usa CDMA
multiplexing, Standard IPv4.

4G: In telecommunications, 4G is the acronym used to refer to the fourth generation

of mobile phone technologies.

5G: In telecommunications, 5G is the acronym used to refer to the fifth generation of

mobile phone technologies. It is the successor of 4G technology. It is currently
unstandardized and telecommunication companies are developing their prototypes.
Its common use is expected to be in 2020.

AMC: Adaptive Modulation and Coding. It is a term used in wireless communications

to denote the adequacy of modulation, coding and other parameters of the protocol
and the signal to the conditions in the radio link (eg loss of propagation , interference
due to signals from other transmitters, receiver sensitivity, available power range of
the transmitter, etc.).

AMPS: Advance Mobile Phone System, is a first generation system (1g analog voice),
divide the geographic space into cells, so that they never use the same frequencies.
BSS: Basic Service Set is a group of any number of stations (STAs). The BSS must
contain an STA that performs a local repeater function and a connection to a normally
wired support network.

BTS: Base Transceiver Station BTS, is a fixed or moderate radio installation for low or
high two way communication. It serves as an access point to a fixed communication
network (internet or telephone network).

CDMA: Code division multiplexing access, is based on multiplexing by code division,

assigning to each frequency an identification code.

CDMA2000 is a family of third generation (3G) mobile telecommunications standards

that use CDMA, a multiple access scheme for digital networks, to send voice, data, and
signaling (as a dialed phone number) between cell phones and base stations . This is
the second generation of the IS-95 digital cellular phone.
The system is based on the IBM CelluPlan II technology, but developed by Ericsson and
discontinued in the late 1990s, which aimed to improve the performance of existing
analog cellular technology.
CoMP: Coordinated multipoint is used to send and receive data to and from a User
Equipment from several points to ensure optimum operation even at the edges of the
antenna cells.

D-AMPS: are second-generation (2G) mobile phone systems, known as Digital AMPS

(D-AMPS). It was once prevalent in America, particularly in the United States and
Canada. D-AMPS is considered de-implementing, and existing networks have been
replaced mostly by GSM / GPRS or CDMA2000 technologies. It uses existing AMPS
channels and allows a smooth transition between digital and analog systems in the
same area.

DCCH: Dedicates control cannel Used in GSM mobile phone technology. A dedicated
control channel is used to coordinate and control specific mobile devices in a wireless
system.

E-AMPS: Extended Advanced Mobile Phone System

EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM
Evolution). is considered an evolution of the GPRS (General Packet Radio Service).

EDGE, or E-GPRS, can be used in any packet-switched data transfer, such as the
Internet connection. The benefits of EDGE over GPRS can be seen in applications that
require a data transfer rate, or high bandwidth, such as video or other multimedia
services.

E-GPRS: It's the same as EDGE

EMS: Enhanced Messaging Service EMS is an intermediate technology, between SMS

and MMS, providing some of the MMS features. An EMS enabled mobile phone can
send and receive messages in special text format (such as bold or italic), animations,
images, icons, sound effects and special tones.
4. Reading Comprehension:
4.1. What sort of (personal) opinion/experiential perspective does the author deploy?
Comment on the value and purpose of the subjective tone employed.
The author presents the text with the purpose of showing that analogies used by books
or teachers are not exactly what is meant to students. It is more easily ridiculed, for
example in the law of OHM'S or in trying to say that electricity is similar to a pipe. In the
end the young Julian decided to use his computer, which has more meaning than those
analogies.

4.2. Do you agree with him?

Yes, I think the analogies of before are too confusing, I currently prefer to use simulation
software, these software can dynamically graph the direction of the current, voltage
drops, gains and others.

4.3. How does the young narrator refute/redress basic electronic laws? How does the
teacher account for them?
It is very funny, at the beginning the author speaks of the law of Kirchofs that speaks
that the current that enters a union is equal to the current that leaves, young Julian
refutes this saying that the current enters a capacitor but it does not leave, and that
Kirchof's law is one of the fundamental laws.
Then the author talks about Ohm's law saying that voltage is equal to current multiplied
by resistance, to which young Julian responds that if we increase the resistance the
voltage would increase.
Lastly the electricity expert compares the current representing the amount of water
flowing through the pipe, and the resistance is like an obstruction in the pipe, and the
voltage is the pressure of the water. To which the young Julian responds that with an
analogy saying, that if I press the hose the water will leave with more speed.
While the analogies presented by the expert are very easy to get their error, they make
sense if you only make the conditions that the expert in electricity and the not very
literal.

4.4. Write down your very impressions of the role of Electronics in todays world. Is our
modern world powered by Electronics? Provide examples of it.
The human component is vital for the development and advancement of technology, a
good professional can apply all his knowledge in the development of new
developments such as the Internet of Things that uses microelectronic components and
will allow us to always be connected not only ourselves but the objects also, also the
advance of quantum computers where electricity does not work exactly as we know it
today. Many times I hear from a teacher that the electronica is in the soup. And I give
the reason, thanks to the new era of semiconductors, we can put millions of transistors
in an integrated that is only the size of a coin.

4.5. What is the role of hazard and the human component in science and in scientific
standards and laws? How can all these be accounted for?
Standardization is important in the world of technology because it allows us to speak a
single language at a global level, one of the great examples is ITU International
Telecommunication Union, or ISO standards, IEEE standards, etc.
4.6. Why are you an Electronics Engineer? Write your answer and debate it with your
partners and class-mates in class discussion.
I decided to study electronic engineering because from a very young age I always
disarmed any electronic device and I always liked to know how things worked, Actually
I like the career with the knowledge that I have, I can do that my imagination allows
me.