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Department of Instrumentation and Technology

R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Lesson Plan
Cover Page: Course Overview
Semester: VI Year: 2011-12

Course Title: Aircraft Instrumentation Course Code: 07IT641


Total Contact Hours: 48 hrs Duration of SEE: 3 hrs
SEE Marks: 100 CIE Marks: 100
Lesson Plan Author: Rachana S Akki Date: 19 JAN 2011
Checked By: Date:

Prerequisites
Students should have basic general knowledge in Instrumentation, Measurements and
Transducers.

Course Learning Objectives-CLO

(a) To understand qualitative and quantitative displays of an aircraft.


(b) Gain knowledge on air data instruments and how they are incorporated in an aircraft.
(c) To develop the knowledge of safety aspects of an aircraft such as warning systems.
(d) To learn more about gyroscope and its related flight instruments and how they form an
essential part of an aircraft
(e) To give better view of engine instruments and ways to improve its efficiency
(f) Develop an interest to design new flight instruments continually.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Content
Course Code: 06IT82 L-T-P: 4-0-3
Course Title: AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION CIE: 100
Teaching Hours: 48 SEE: 100
PART A
Cha Chapter Period Topic
pter No.
no.
1 Introduction 3 Instrument Displays, Qualitative and quantitative
displays, Director displays, Instruments grouping,
cockpit Layout
2 Integrated 3 Head up display, flight detector system, Integrated
Display Systems attitude heading reference system.
3 Air data 7 standard atmosphere, basic pneumatic air data
instruments system, combined pitot-static probe, heating
circuit arrangement, air speed indicator, square law
characteristics, Macg/airspeed indicator,
Altimeters, Effects of atmospheric temperatures
4 Vertical Airspeed 7 Instantaneous vertical airspeed indicator, Air
Indicators temperature indicator, Air data Alerting system ,
Mach waring system, Altitude alert system.
5 Direct Reading 8 Terrestrial Magnetism, Compass construction,
Compasses errors in indication, Acceleration error, Aircraft
magnetism, Components of magnetism,
compensation
6 Gyroscopic flight 8 Gyroscope and its properties, determining
instruments direction of precession, limitations of gyroscopes,
operating gyroscopic flight instruments, Gyro
horizon, erection systems for gyro horizons, errors
due to acceleration and turning , directon indicator,
Turn and bank indicator
7 Engine 4 Pressure measurement, Indicationg systems,
Instruments pressure switches, tempearture measurement,
Indicating systems.
8 Fuel quantity and 7 Characteristics of aircraft fuel system, gravity feed
Indicating and pressure feed. A generalized fuel system. Fue;
Systems [imps classification. Capacitance type system,
indicationg system, Effects of fuel temperature
changes, Measurement of fuel quantity by weight,
Construction of probes, location of probes
9 Engine power and 5 RPM measurement, Generator and indicating
control system, Tacho probe and indicator system, torque
instruments monitoring, Exhaust gas temperature, engine
pressure ration measurement, fuel flow
measurement, Integrated flow meter system.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Text Book:
1. Aircraft instruments and integrated systems, second Edition EHJ Pallet, pitman and
sons, 1991

Reference Books:
1. Aircraft Instruments, CA Williams Galgotia Publications, New Delhi
2. Aircraft Propulsion Bhaskar Roy, Elsevier publications, New Delhi.
3. Aircraft Instrumentation Design, second edition, W. H. Coulthard, Pitman and sons.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Scheme of Semester End Evaluation for Theory:

Three questions from Part A, Three questions from Part B and Two questions from Part
C are to be set. Students will be asked to answer two questions from Part A, two from
Part B and one from Part C.

Evaluation Scheme

CIE Scheme

Assessment Weightage in Marks


3 Quiz 30
3 Internals 60
Assignment 10
Total 100

Best out of 2 Quiz and 2 Internals will be considered for CIE marks.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Unit wise Plan

Course Code and Title: (07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title: Introduction Planned Hours:
03 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this unit, learner should be able to:
1. Understand the type of displays used in the aircrafts.
2. Overall picture of an aircraft cockpit and
3. Understand the basic importance of ergonomics used in aircraft.
4. Understand what are the Qualitative and Quantitative Instruments

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Instrument Displays
2. Qualitative and quantitative displays
3. Director displays
4. Instruments grouping
5. Cockpit Layout

Model Questions

1. What are the four principle elements which make up an instrument?


2. Describe briefly a typical aircraft instrument panel
3. Describe two of the methods adopted for the display of indications related to high
range measurements
4. Give the description of the major categories involved in the displays of an aircraft.
5. What type of displays are suggested for long range measurement? Explain them.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title(07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title: Integrated Display systems Planned Hours: 03 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Understand what are the Head up displays
2. Know-how the mechanism of getting data from the environment to the computer
system.
3. Know how the mechanism of Head up display works..

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Head up display
2. flight detector system
3. Integrated attitude heading reference system.

Model Questions

1. Which type of displays do you suggest for an level indication, aircraft nose up, aircraft
banked left, fly up command, justify with necessary diagrams.
2. What are Head up displays? With a near diagram, mention the importance of HUD
3. Enumerate the terminologies used in air speed and altitude measuring instruments.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title: ( 07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title: Air Data Instruments Planned Hours: 07 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Know the basic parametes for the standard atmosphere.
2. To perceive the relevance of safety with alarm systems and importance attached to
every parameter an aircraft encounters.
3. To model three critical parameters attached to aircraft systems airspeed, speed of
aircraft and Altitude.
4. To model an Airspeed indicator, Altimeter for the specified parameters

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Standard atmosphere
2. Basic pneumatic air data system
3. Combined pitot-static probe
4. Heating circuit arrangement
5. Air speed indicator
6. Square law characteristics
7. Mach/airspeed indicator
8. Altimeters
9. Effects of atmospheric temperatures

Model Questions

1. What are the principal components and instruments which comprise an aircraft pitot
static system?
2. Draw a line diagram of dual pitot and static system for port and starboard instrument
panels in an aircraft
3. Define the law to which current types of airspeed indicator are calibrated
4. Describe the arrangement used in the aircraft to avoid the blocking up of static and pitot
probes due to icing up with necessary diagrams
5. What is meant by standard atmosphere

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

6.

Course Code and Title ( 07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title Vertical Airspeed indicators Planned Hours: 07 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Design an Mach warning system
2. Know the mechanism of Altitude Alert system
3. Understand the working of IVSI

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Instantaneous vertical airspeed indicator
2. Air temperature indicator, Air data Alerting system
3. Mach waring system
4. Altitude alert system.

Model Questions

1. Draw a sketch showing the variation of temp with altitude from sea level to 105km
in ISA. mark the values of temperature at 11km & 15 km
2. Derive the relation to calculate the pressure density and temperature in constant and
gradient region of atmosphere
3. Calculate the temperature pressure and density at 10k &20km altitudes in ISA
assume the standard sea level condition and lapse rate
4. Define Mach number and critical Mach number
5. Describe about modern air data system
6. Design a complete structure of a mach meter ( air speed indicator) showing mach
speed of 0.65M. mention its operation in brief

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title: (07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title: Direct Reading Compasses Planned Hours: 08 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. To model an earths magnetic field.
2. Understand the relevance of aircrafts direction with respect to Earths magnetic field.
3. To learn and model a compass which helps an aircraft in determining the direction of
the aircraft.

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Terrestrial Magnetism
2. Compass construction
3. Errors in indication
4. Acceleration error
5. Aircraft magnetism
6. Components of magnetism
7. compensation

Model Questions

1. Write a note on Terrestrial magnetism, magnetic variation and magnetic dip.


2. Define a) IAS b) CAS c) EAS, d) TAS e) QNH, f) QFE

3. Mention and describe the components of soft iron and hard iron magnetism

4. Describe and express the formulae used for the calculation of deviation coefficients E
and D

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title: ( 07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title: Gyroscopic Flight Instruments Planned Hours: 08 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Understand the working model of a Gyroscope.
2. Understand the relevance of a gyroscope as an important measuring instrument as turn
and slip coordinator.
3. To be able to differentiate and understand different materials used in construction of
gyros.

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Gyroscope and its properties
2. determining direction of precession
3. limitations of gyroscopes
4. operating gyroscopic flight instruments
5. Gyro horizon
6. erection systems for gyro horizons
7. errors due to acceleration and turning
8. directon indicator
9. Turn and bank indicator

Model Questions

1. Define the fundamental properties of gyroscope. Explain how these properties are
utilized in flight instruments
2. How is rate gyroscope principle is applied to a turn and slip bank indicator. Why an
additional erection device is not necessary to turn and bank indicator?
3. Explain the principle of operation of directional gyro with suitable diagram

4. Explain in detail i) Direction indicator ii) turn and bank indicator

5. What is a gyroscope? With neat diagram explain the operation of gyroscope.

6. Explain the two properties encountered in the operation of an gyroscope

7. Explain in detail the limitations of an gyroscope

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title: ( 07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title Engine Instruments Planned Hours:04 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Safety To appreciate the importance stressed for mankind.
2. Model more complex forms of safety systems.
3. Understand the criticality of landing of an aircraft and to give appropriate warnings
when the aircraft is very close to ground.

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Basic principles and block schematic descriptions of stall warning system,
2. Ground proximity warning systems,
3. Traffic collision avoidance system.

Model Questions

1. Write a note on proximity warning system


2. What are the steps undertaken for the avoidance of Traffic collision systme.

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title: ( 07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title Fuel Quantity and Indicating systems Planned Hours:07 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Understand importance of engine-related critical information Pressure and
temperature.
2. Understand the safety issues in engine parameters
3. Know-how of fuel quantity measurement in aircraft highest priority, next only to
engine measurement.
4. Safety To appreciate the importance stressed for mankind.
5. Model more complex forms of safety systems.
6. Understand the criticality of landing of an aircraft and to give appropriate warnings
when the aircraft is very close to ground.

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. Characteristics of aircraft fuel system
2. gravity feed and pressure feed. A generalized fuel system
3. Fuel pumps classification.
4. Capacitance type system
5. indicationg system
6. Effects of fuel temperature changes
7. Measurement of fuel quantity by weight
8. Construction of probes
9. location of probes

Model Questions

1. Explain the function of the test switch incorporated in some fuel quantity indicating
system
2. Describe a method of refueling control
3. How are probes constructed

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Department of Instrumentation and Technology
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore - 59

Course Code and Title: ( 07IT641) AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


Chapter Number and Title Engine Power and Control Instruments Planned Hours:05 hrs

Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter learner should be able to:
1. Know how the measurement mechanisms are for RPM, Torque, fuel flow.
2. Design an Integrated flow meter system.
3. Design an probe indicator

Lesson Schedule
Class No. Portion covered per hour
1. RPM measurement
2. Generator and indicating system
3. Tacho probe and indicator system
4. torque monitoring
5. Exhaust gas temperature
6. engine pressure ration measurement
7. fuel flow measurement
8. Integrated flow meter system.

Model Questions

1. Give a note on pilot eye point/design point


2. Describe the engine control system with pilot in the loop
3. What are the design criterias for the engine control
4. Describe the evolution if the engine towards FADEC

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