Prarancangan: Pabrik Butadiena dari Butena

Kapasitas 100.000 ton per tahun

Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

ABSTRACT
This Butadiene plant from nButhene is one of petrochemical industry.
Butadiene can be used as raw material of synthetic rubber. Nowadays, the needs
of synthetic rubber grew up to complement the needs of certain rubber which
specification can not be fulfilled by natural rubber.
This Butadiene plant uses Butane-Butene streams as raw materials. The
plant is designed with the production capacity of 100.000 ton/year. This plant
operates continuously 24 hour/day and it is designed to operated in 330
days/year.
The reaction of n-Butene to Butadiene take place in the fixed bed reactor,
using Chromia-alumina catalysts. The reaction takes place at an optimum
temperature of 650-670 C and at an optimum pressure of 0.2 atm vacuum.
Because of the catalyst deactivation due to coking, every_15 minutes reactor
needs to be regenerated. Therefore, to make the process run continuously, it
requires 2 reactors to run alternately. When reactor 1is on process, reactor 2 is
conducting regeneration. The conversion is low (about 30%) so that the unreacted
portion of reactant needs to be recycled.
The_Butadiene from Buthene plant requires the raw materials Butane-
Butene Stream of 300,841.2 tons / year and produces Butadiene as much
10.4959,3 tons / year. The plant takes Chromia-alumina catalysts as much as
226,194.6 tons / year.
Butadiene Plant planned to be established in Palembang, South Sumatra.
This plant requires a fixed capital of U.S. $ 163,030,000 and Rp 142,114,800,000
and working capital of U.S. $ 69,340,000 and Rp 813,870,400,000. From the
calculations, the results of percent return on investment before taxes is 53.29%,
the percent return on investment after taxes is 29.23%, pay out time before taxes
is 1.46 year and pay out time after tax is 2.55 year. Break even point is at 51.67%
capacity, shut down point is at 27.1% capacity and discounted cash flow is 24.2%.
Based on these economic parameters from the simplified calculations in this
design, the butadiene plant described in this design is interesting for more
detailed design and feasibility analysis.

Willy Aulia Ilham 08/268929/TK/34151

Ade Wili Marta 08/269102/TK/34267 1
 Prarancangan: Pabrik Butadiena dari Butena
Kapasitas 100.000 ton per tahun
Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

INTISARI
Pabrik Butadiena dari n-Butena adalah salah satu industry petrochemical.
Butadiena dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku karet sintesis. Dewasa ini
kebutuhan karet sintesis dunia semakin meningkat untuk melengkapi kebutuhan
karet tertentu yang spesifikasinya tidak dapat dipenuhi karet alam.
Pabrik Butadiena dari n-Butena ini menggunakan bahan baku Butana-
Butena Stream. Pabrik ini dirancang dengan kapasitas produksi 100.000
ton/tahun. Pabrik ini beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 24 jam/hari dan
diperkirakan selama setahun bekerja selama 330 tahun.
Reaksi n-Butena menjadi Butadiena berlangsung dalam reactor fixed bed,
dengan menggunakan katalis chromia-alumina. Reaksi berlangsung pada suhu
650-670 oC dan pada tekanan vakum 0.2 atm. Karena terjadi deaktifasi katalis
akibat coking, maka setiap 15 menit reactor perlu diregenerasi. Supaya proses
dapat berjalan kontinyu, maka diperlukan 2 buah reaktor. Reaktor 1 on-stream,
reaktor 2 regenerasi. Konversi rendah sekitar 30% sehingga reaktan yang belum
bereaksi perlu di recycle.
Pabrik Butadiena dari n-Butena ini membutuhkan bahan baku Butana-
Butena Stream sebesar 300.841,2 ton/tahun dan menghasilkan Butadiena
sebanyak 10.4959,3 ton/tahun. Pabrik ini membutuhkan bahan pembantu proses
berupa katalis chromia-alumina sebanyak 226.194,6 ton/tahun.
Pabrik Butadiena direncanakan akan didirikan di Palembang, Sumatera
Selatan. Pabrik ini membutuhkan modal tetap sebesar US$ 163.029.681,4 dan Rp
142.114.786.327,8 dan modal kerja sebesar US$ 69.339.044,2 dan Rp
813.870.428.649,5. Dari perhitungan diperoleh hasil percent return of investment
sebelum pajak 53.29 % dan percent return of investment setelah pajak 29.23 %,
pay out time sebelum pajak 1.46 tahun dan pay out time setelah pajak 2.55 tahun.
Break even point pada 51.67 % kapasitas, shut down point pada 27.1 % kapasitas
dan discounted cash flow sebesar 24.2 %.

Kata Kunci :Butadiean, Butena, Pabrik,

Willy Aulia Ilham 08/268929/TK/34151

Ade Wili Marta 08/269102/TK/34267 2