PAKET 30

1. There have been numerous attempts to classify consumer responses to

different individual colours. But the truth of the matter is that colour is too dependent
on personal experiences to be universally translated to specific feelings. But there are
broader messaging patterns to be universally translated messaging patterns to be
found in colour perceptions. For instance, colours play a fairly substantial role in
purchase and branding.

With regards to the role that colour plays in branding, results from studies such as.
The Interactive Effects of Colour show that the relationship between brands and
colour centre around on the perceived appropriateness of the colour being used for the
particular brand. In other words, does the colour fit what is being sold ?

The study Exciting Red and Competent Blue also confirms that purchasing intent is
greatly affected by colour due to the impact they have on bow a brand is perceived.
This means that colour influence how consumers view the personality of the brand
in question.

Additional studies have revealed that our brands prefer recognizable brands, which
makes colour important when creating a brand identity. It has even been suggested in
Colour Research and Application that it is of paramount importance. When it comes
to picking the right colour, research has found that predicting consumer reaction to
colour appropriateness in relation to the product is far more important than the
individual colour it self. So, if Harley owners buy the product in order to feel macho,
you could assume that the pink and glitter edition would not sell all that well.

What is the main idea of the passage ?

A. Colour is more important than quality of a product
B. Colour affects customers choices of a product
C. Color is both personal land universal
D. Sellers are sensitive to the colour of a product
E. Brand image of a product is connected to colour

2. Languages are much like living creatures that become endangered when
numbers decline. Some linguist are taking action in preserving endangered languages.
They believe it should be a priority since they are on the brink of extinction.
Preservation can occur in two ways. First, linguists can study dying languages and a
seek to preserve the component of the language : the sounds, the vocabulary, the
grammar, and the traditions. The second way is to teach children the language and
have linguists advise on language maintenance. An example of this latter method is
the Maori language of New Zealand. It has seen an increase in the number of speakers
between the 1960s and 1970s. New Zealand has since set up language nests in early
childhood centers to teach children the Maori language, exposing 10.000 children to
their native tongue so far.

The topic of the paragraph is .

A. How to preserve endangered languages
 B. The movement of languages in the world
C. The Maori language of New Zealand
D. The Estimated rate of language extinction
E. How to maintain aboriginal language

3. When Lousiana Governor Bobby Jindal touts the states job market and New
Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin sells his city as one of the best places to ride out the
recession, it is not just routine boosterish. In the midst of a severe nationwide
downturn, the Lousiana economy is holding up better than most. It is a role reversal
from a few years ago, when Lousiana was one of the countrys weaker states
financially following the desctruction caused by Hurricane Katrina. The state has the
tenth lowest unemployment rate and was the only state to add nonfarm jobs in
February, the most recent month for which date are available. Sales tax collections in
remaind low by national standars, in part because the state never experienced a
housing bubble.

Whats unclear is how long the tate can keep the downturns worst demons at bay.
March state-by-state employment data, which the Labor Departement releases Friday,
will offer fresh insights. The major than three and a half years after Katrina party
explains why Lousiana state has been fairly insulated from the worst of the recession.
AFP 02/21/2009
http://www.infosquares.com
The authors purpose in the passage is to .
a. Outline the promotion of the states job market in Lousiana
b. Describe Lousiana economy in the midst of severe nationwide downturn
c. Give an opinion about Lousinana Governor Bobby Jindal and New Orleans
mayor Ray Nagin
d. Demonstrate how Katrina caused destruction towards states financial position
e. Present the detailed insights about Lousiana employment data

4. Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to

improve his way of life. With the tools of technology he has altered many physical
features of the earth reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric
power. Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting
through mountains to build roads and railways.

However, mans changes to the physical environment have not always had beneficial
results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of
the planet. Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor
vehicle; smoke from factories pollutes the surrounding areas of the countryside. The
air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally
harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers
of algae, fish, and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed.
The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers
lifeless.
Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth of
technology in order to survive on earth.

The writers main purpose in writing the text is to .

a. Show the advantages of modern technology
b. Explain why exhausts of modern technology
c. Discuss how the tools of technology can improve mans way of life
d. Warn us against the harmful effects of air and water pollution
e. Point out how man has modified the face of the earth

5. Time is a very important commodity when you are a university student; there
simply never seems to be enough of it to around. You will need to attend classes,
study, complete homework assignments, work on research, eat, sleep, perhaps hold
down a part-time job, and maybe actually find time to relax for a moment or two. If
you manage your time wisely, you will find that there is enough time to do all these
things. One valuable tool in time management is to monitor how you spend your time
for a week. Then, after you spend a week monitoring how you spend your time, you
can evaluate what you have done with your time and learn to make the best use of it.
During the week of personal time monitoring, you should divide each twenty-four
hour day into fifteen minute blocks, so each day has ninety-six blocks of time. Then,
write down how you spend each fifteen-minute period. At the end of a week, you will
see just how much time you have spent productively and how much time you have
not.

The authors purpose of writing this text is to show .

a. How university students utilize their time
b. How to find out whether students know about time management
c. How short time is for a student to complete his tasks
d. How students can manage their time productively
e. How to divide our day into fifteen-minute blocks

6. Continued progress in advanced technology is not necessary. Already the

technical progress in our world has caused severe pollution in the air and the water.
Although the technical progress is that many inventions which were developed for
good caused are now also used for powerful weapons or have been found to have
serious side effects. For example, pesticide put inside particle boards to prevent
termites has now been found to be toxic to human life. Technology does not always
bring good effects; for than man, but then man loses his job to a machine. Because no
man can guarantee that technology will have only good effects and will be used only
for the benefit of man, we should delay the continued development of technology
The authors purpose in writing this paragraph is .
a. To describe pollution caused by advances technology
b. To show advantageous advanced technology is for human beings
c. To have people stop developing advanced technology
d. To explain what further inventions in technology should be made
e. To make people implement advanced technology
7. Further changes in journalism occurred around this time. In 1846, Richard
Hoe invented the steam cylinder rotary press, making it possible to print newspaper
faster and cheaper. The development of the telegraph made it possible for much
speedier collection and distribution of news. Also in 1846, the first wire service was
organized. A new type of newspaper appeared around this time, one that was more
attuned to the spirit and needs of the new America. Although newspaper continued to
cover politics. They came to report more human interest stories and to record the most
recent news, which they could not have done before the telegraph. New York papers
and those of other northern cities, maintained corps of correspondents to go into all
parts of the country to cover newsworthy events.

The main purpose og the passage is to .

a. Present a brief history of American journalism
b. Outline certain developments in mid-nineteenth century journalism
c. Explain the importance of the steam cylinder rotary press
d. Present some biographic information about Richard Hoe
e. Discuss journalism around 1846

8. American folk music originated with ordinary people at a time when the rural
population was isolated and music was not yet spread by radio, tapes, CDs, or music
videos. It was transmitted by oral tradition and is noted for its energy, humor, and
emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the
British Isles, but songs from Africa as well as songs of the American Indians have a
significant part in its heritage. Later settlers from other countries also contributed
songs. In the nine-tenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most
enduringly popular of ail American songs, which soon became part of the folk
tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting
traditional melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s, and
1960s, signer-composers such as Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan, and Joan Baez continued
this tradition by crating urban folk music, many of these songs dealt with important
social issues, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam. Later in the 1960s,
musical groups such as the Byrds and the Turtles combined folk music and rock and
roll to create a hybrid from known as folk-rock

The primary purpose of this passage is to

a. Trace the development of American folk music
b. Explain the oral tradition
c. Contrast the styles of folk-rock musicians
d. Point out the influence of social issues on urban folk music
e. Discuss what folk music is

9. Although photography was first made public in 1839, the theory behind the
principles of the medium begins with Aristotles description of how light wave behave
when projected through a small aperture. This is fundamentally the description of how
a lens of cameras aperture operates when it project an image onto the film at the back
of camera. In the middle Ages, Alhazen and Francis Bacon Extended the principle to
include a large, darkened room with a small opening in one wall. In the 15 th to 18th
centuries this camera obscure, as it came to be called, was reduced in size and made
convenient for artist to use in tracing scenic design an architectural perspective.

The chemical principle basic to photography were also described well before
photography was invented. Johann Schulze, in 1727, demonstrated that silver salts
turned dark when exposed to light. Carl W. Scheele, in 17777, showed that ammonia
retarded the effects of light, and he indicated a possible way of stabilizing the
photochemical equipments (the camera obscure) were available at least to produce
semi permanent photographs images.

The artistic style and aesthetic of Renaissance and post-renaissance Europe placed a
high value on a naturalistic rendering of nature and thus legimatized the used of
machines like the camera obscure by artist. By the mid 18th century, a public demand
had made itself for realistic portraits, which was partially satisfied by other machines
for recording human likenesses. Beginning in the 1970s, Jacques Charles conducted
experiments portrait silhouettes on photosensitive paper. Two imperatives-the need for
perceptively accurate landscape and architectural scenes and for objectively truthful
portraits created a climate for certain types and styles of pictures that, after 1839,
would be achieved easily by photography.

Which of the following can be inferred from the text ?

a. Camera size became small due to the fashion at the time
b. A camera was the only tool to record human likeness in the mid 18th century
c. Before the mid 18th century the photochemical processes were unstable
d. The upper-class was the common portraits, objects in Renaissance era
e. I took some decades before society was aware of the art photography

10. The diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition engine) is an internal

combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition and burn the
fuel that has been injected into the combustion chamber. This contrasts with spark-
ignition engines such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or gas engine (using a
gaseous fuel as opposed to gasoline), which use a spark plug to ignite air-fuel mixture.

The diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency of any standard internal or
external combustion engine due to its very high compression ratio. Low-speed diesel
engines (as used in ships and other applications where overall engine weight is
relatively unimportant) can have a thermal efficiency that exceeds 50%.

Diesel engines are manufactured in two-stroke and four-stroke versions. They were
originally used as more efficient replacement for stationary steam engines. Since the
1910s, they have been used in submarines and ships. Use in locomotives, trucks,
heavy equipment and electric generating plants followed later. (UM UNDIP 2014)
According to the passage, why does the diesel engine have the highest thermal
efficiency ?
 a. It uses a spark plug to ignite an air-fuel mixture
b. It has a fast ignition system
c. Diesel engines are manufactured in two-stroke and four-stroke
d. Diesel engines have long been used in submarines and ships
e. It uses the heat of a very high compression ratio

11. Jan Dibbets may someday have his work revered as much as his Dutch
predecessors: a time when the trends in art are toward integrates these two disparate
trends into one remarkable whole. In one series of composites works, he arranged
sections of architectural photographs into rounded watercolors, he connected the
segments together into 360-degree circular forms blending the abstract with the real
and the imagined. The imaginary images resemble the views of ceiling in gothic
baroque, and neo-classical buildings as they might be seen from the ground floor.

As used in line 4, what is the meaning of the word time ?

a. Season
b. Century
c. Period
d. Interval
e. Mass

12. The word disparate as used in line 6 is closest in meaning to

a. Different
b. Similar
c. Unspoken
d. Unknown
e. Unconnected

13. Measles, a childhood disease, has caused sufferings to mankind for thousands
of years. However, the search for an affective measles vaccine lasted two hundred
years and has finally ended in success. Now, For the first time, measles is a
preventable disease. You may ask. How is this important to children?

Every year, measles kills twice as many Americans as polio now does. More children
die from measles than from any other common childhood disease. Also complications
of six. Most complications include pneumonia and ear disorders. Another after-effect
of measles brain damage is less common, but it can have such serious consequences
that it deserves special attention.

Brain damage due to measles sounds like something far away from our experience.
Into the brain can be very slight or very severe. It is quite possible that we have never
seen or the child who has severe brain damage the child would either have died been
found between measles and such things as behavior problems, personality changes
and dulling of mental ability. For example, a child may be bad-tempered or a little
show to learn after he has recovered from measles.
Which of the following statements is true about measles ?
 a. The number of children in the USA killed by measles I smaller than that killed
by polio
b. Medical research revealed that measles may cause brain damage
c. In the USA children with brain damage have all been measles patients.
d. Research findings show that pneumonia and ear disorders may cause measles
e. Children who get measles will have pneumonia and ear disorders at the same
time

14. Alternative energy sources are becoming increasingly attractive as the energy
crisis becomes more severe. Solar heating systems, which use the suns radiation as a
source of energy, are a promising alternative energy source. Nuclear power plants are
already in operation in several parts of the country. Government and private industry
are even the power of ocean waves and tides for conversion into usable energy. Coal
is once again becoming an acceptable fuel as the nation searches for solutions to the
energy shortage. Even garbage is seen as a potential source of energy. In some
communities, garbage is burned to heat buildings and light streets.
Which of the following statement is TRUE about alternative sources of energy ?
a. Garbage can be recycled into energy to run factories
b. The crisis of alternative energy sources becomes more severe
c. Energy from the sun seems to be to potentially the best alternative
d. Coal is considered not suitable to replace oil
e. Private industries have succeeded in producing energy from ocean waves and
tides

15. diesel engines are manufactured in two-stroke and four-stroke verseions. They
were originally used as a more efficient replacement for stationary steam engines.
Since the 1910s, they have been used in submarines and ships. Use in locomotives,
trucks, heavy equipment and electric generating plants followed later. In the 1930s,
they slowly began to be used in a few automobiles. Since USA increased. According
to the british society fo motor manufacturing and traders, the EU average for diesel
cars account for 50% of the total sold, including 70% in France and 38% in the UK.
The worlds largest diesel engine is currently watsila-Sulzer RTA96-C Common Rail
marine diesel of about 84,420 kW (113,210 hp) @102 rpm output.
Sourse : http//en.wikipedia.org (UM UNDIP 2014)
The word they in the line 2 refers to
a. Steam engines
b. Lokomotives and trucks
c. Automobiles
d. Diesel engines
e. Applications
16. To understand the cause of the auroras, first picture the earth enclosed by its
magnetosphere, a huge region created by the earths magnetic field. Outside the
magnetosphere, blasting toward the earth is the solar wind, a swiftly moving plasma
of ionized gases with its own magnetic lines of force with a spiral motion. The earths
magnetosphere is a barrier to the solar winds, and force the charged particles of the
solar wind to flow around the magnetosphere itself. But in the polar regions, the
magnetic lines of force of the earth and of the solar wind bunch together. Here many
of the solar winds charged particles break through the magnetosphere and enter
earths magnetic field. They then spiral back and forth between the earths magnetic
poles very rapidly. In the polar regions, electrons from the solar wind ionize and
excite the atoms and molecules of the upper atmosphere, causing them to emit aurora
radiations of visible light.
The word them in line 21 refers to .
a. Polar regions
b. Electons
c. Atoms and molecules
d. Aurora radiations
e. Solar wind

17. In 1791 engineers commissioned by the state of New York investigated the
possibility of a canal between Albany on the Hudson River and Buffalo on Lake Erie
to link the Great Lakes area with the Atlantic Seacoast. It Would avoid the mountains
that served as a barrier to canals from the Delaware and Potomac rivers.

The first attempt to dig the canal, to be called the Erie Canal, was made by private
companies but only a comparatively small portion was built before the project was
jalted for lack of funds. The cost of the project was an estimated $ 5 million, an
enormous amount for those days. There was some on-again-off-again federal funding,
but this time the War of 1812 put an end to construction. In 1817, DeWitt Clinton was
elected Governor of New York and persuaded the state to finance and build the canal.
It was completed in 1825, costing $ 2 million more than expected.

In line 6, what does the word it refers to ?

a. New York
b. Engineers
c. A canal
d. Seacoast
e. Hudson river

18. The rules of etiquette in American restaurants depend upon a number of

factors the physical location of the restaurant, e.g., rural or urban; the type of
restaurant, e.g., informal universal. In other words, some standards of etiquette in a
particular type of restaurant in a particular area may sometimes requires instruction,
but more commonly it simply requires sensitivity and experience. Magazine in a
coffee shop, it is inappropriate to do the same in a more luxurious setting. And, if you
are eating in a very rustic setting it may be fine to tuck your napkin into your shirt, but
if you are in a sophisticated urban restaurant this behavior would demonstrate a lack
of manners. It is safe to say, however, that in virtually every restaurant it is
unacceptable to indiscriminately throw your food on the floor. The conclusion we can
most likely draw from the above is that while the types and
What does the word it refers to in line 11 ?
a. Learning the proper etiquette
b. Clear instruction
c. Knowing the type of restaurant
d. Sensitivity
e. Require instruction

19. After rising steadily for almost a century, standards of education in the public
schools of Europe and America have leveled off and, in the opinion of many parents
and employers, are actually falling. More and more children are leaving schools with
little more than a basic knowledge of reading, writing, and arithmetic, and illiteracy is
becoming a social problem once again. With dropout rates of twenty-seven percent in
high schools and fifty is really in trouble; European dropout rates, though lower than
those of the US, are rising too.

Various factors have been blamed for the apparent decline in educational standards.
Some people say that overcrowding and lack of discipline are major factors. Others
maintain that subjects like art and drama have been overemphasized at the expense of
more practical subjects. The negative influence of television is frequently mentioned
as a reason for growing illiteracy. Many teachers and principals however insist that
the problem is not of falling standards but of rising expectations on the part of parents
and employers.

Whether or not standards in public schools are actually falling, many parents feel that
the only way to secure a good education for their children is to send them to private
schools, which generally have smaller classes and stricter discipline. The popularity of
such schools is growing steadily, despite the high tuition fees. In the United States, for
example, eleven percent of all school children attend private schools, in France over
six teen percent do so.
(www.dhono-wareh.com December 30,2015)
According to the text. Which of the following statements about education of children
in public schools are true EXCEPT ?
a. Standards of public schools are falling
b. Public school should offer more practical subjects
c. Dropouts lack basic knowledge of reading and writing
d. The dropout rate in Europe is lower than that in the U.S.
e. Parents are not satisfied with implementation of teaching like art and drama

20. Solid state physics in largely concerned with crystals and electronics in
crystal. The study of solid state physics began in the early years of the twentieth
century following the discovery of x-ray diffraction by crystals and the publication of
a series of simple calculations and successful predictions of the properties of crystals.
When crystal grows in a constant environment, the form develops as identical
building blocks are added continuously. The building blocks are atoms or groups of
atom, so that a crystal is a three-dimensional periodic array of atoms. This was known
in the eighteenth century when mineralogists discovered that the index numbers of the
directions of all faces of a crystal are exact integers. Only the arrangement of identical
of integral indices, as discussed below.

In 1912 a paper entitled Interference effects of Rontgen rays was presented to the
Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich. In the first part of the paper, Laue
developed an elementary theory of the diffraction of x-rays by a periodic array. In the
second part, Friedrich and Knipping reported the first experimental observations of x-
ray diffraction by crystals. The work proved decisively that crystals are composed of a
periodic array of atoms. With an atomic model of crystal, physicists now could think
much further. The studies have been extended to include amorphous or noncrystalline
solids, glasses, and liquids. The wider field is known as condensed matter physics,
and, as well see soon, it is now the largest and probably the most vigorous area of
physics.

All of the following are descriptions of crystals, except ..

a. Three-dimensional
b. Periodic array of atoms
c. X-rays interference effects
d. Solids, glasses, or liquid
e. Building block blocks of atoms

21. Lie detectors do not detect lies. They record a person physiological reaction to
certain questions. Basically, the instrument records four physiological activities on a
moving roll of graph paper. Two pens are driven by air-filled tubes placed around a
subjects chest and stomach to record breathing movements. Another pen, connected
to a blood-pressure cuff on the subjects arm, records each heartbeat and traces
changes in blood pressure. The fourth pen is connected to a pair or metal electrodes
attached to the fingers of one hand. This pen records changes in the electrical
resistence of the skin and can indicate subtle sweating. In administering the test,
examiners usually ask neutral questions such as birth dates or addresses in order to
compare these responses with those from emotionally charged questions.
Physiological reactions include all of the following EXCEPT .
a. Breathing movements
b. Posture differences
c. Heartbeats
d. Blood-pressure-changes
e. Subtle sweating

22. When the typewriter was first invented, its keys were arranged alphabetically.
This made the keys easy to find. However, this arrangement also caused the bars of
the machine to jam, or get stuck.

To solve this problem, a new letter arrangement was introduced by Christopher

Latham Scholas in 1872. His system, the standard keyboard system, is still used on
typewriters today. He arranged the letters in such a way that the bars hit the inked
ribbon from opposite directions as much as possible. This resulted in far less jamming
than had occurred with the alphabetical models.
Which of the following is NOT true about the system invented by Scholes ?
a. It was alphabetical
b. It was introduced in1872
c. It is still used today
d. It became the standard system
e. It is used on typewriters today

23. What is needed now is a national educational program for women who
seriously want to continue or resume their education, which they have had to cut short
for reason resulting from having to confirm to role of the woman. They must of
course be willing to commit themselves to its use is a profession. The federal
government should be prepared to provide properly qualified women with tuition fees,
plus an additional subsidy to defray other expenses, such as books, travel, even, if
necessary, some household help. It would permit mothers to use existing educational
facilities on a part-time basis and carry on individual study and research project at
home during the years regular classroom attendance is impossible. The whole concept
of womens education would be regarded from four-year-college to a life plan under
which a woman could continue her education, without conflict with her marriage, her
husband and her children. Woman who have matured during the housewife
moratorium need education to find their identity as individual people, not just as a
woman, in society. Their desperate need for education and the desperate need of the
nation for the almost untapped reserves of these womens intelligence and ability in
all professions justify a new, national program especially for married women.

What was not mentioned as being permitted for mothers to do ?

a. To study part-time
b. To do all their studies at home
c. To do research at home
d. To do some study on their own
e. To continue her study

24. In west-central New York State there is a group of eleven long, narrow lakes
known as the Finger Lakes. These lakes have been aptly named because of their
resemblance to the fingers of a hand. Two of the largest of the Finger lakes, Seneca
and Cayuga, exemplify the selection of the name : Seneca is 37 miles long and 4
miles across its widest point, and Cayuga is 40 miles long and 2 miles across.
Although scientists are uncertain as to how these lakes were formed, most believe that
glacial ice forged out the valleys to a depth well below sea level, and with the melting
of the glaciers the lakes were formed.
What is the tone of this passage ?
a. Informative
b. Accusatory
c. Humorous
d. Calculating
e. Cynical
25. The largest lake in the western United states is the Great Salt Lake, an inland
saltwater lake in northwestern Utah, just outside the state capital of salt Lake City.
Rivers and streams feed into the Great influence on both the salt content and the size
of the lake.

Although the Great Salt Lake is fed by freshwater streams, it actually saltier than the
oceans of the world. The salt comes from more than two million from the rivers and
creeks that feed it. Sodium and large majority of the lakes mineral content.

The Great Sal Lake can vary tremendously from its normal size of 1700 square miles
depending on long-term weather conditions. During periods of heavy rains, the size
of the lake can swell tremendously from the huge amounts of water flowing into the
lake from its feeder rivers and streams in 1980 the lake even reached size of 2400
square miles during periods of dry weather, the size of the lake decreases, sometimes
drastically, due evaporation.

How is the information in the passage organized by the author ?

a. Two unusual characteristics of the Great Salt Lake are discussed
b. Contrasting theories about the Great Salt lakes Salt level are presented
c. The process by which the Great Salt Lake gets its salt is outlined
d. The reasons for the variations in the Great salt Lakes size are given
e. Two related effects of the changes in the size of the lake are described

26. Education is often viewed as school in traditional, formal sense. Many people
believe that true learning can only take place in a formal classroom setting. Others
feel environments. There may not be a definitive answer to the question of, What is
education? However we can start thinking about the purpose of education. Is it
educate youth to be responsible citizens ? is it to develop ansure a society, in order to
simply focus on developing individual talent all three that defines education ? While
our answers may differ, we can perhaps agree that education is basic human right.
When that right is granted growth and development, the society as a whole is more
likely to improve in areas such as health, nutrition, general income and living
standards and population fertility rates.

As global citizens it is our responsibility to critically think about the issues and
attempt to come up with solutions to the problems plaguing education in 1990
UNESCO launched EFA, the movement to provide quality education for all children,
youth, and adults by the year 2015. The unfortunate reality is that for many countries,
larger issues come before improving the quality of education. How can we achieve the
goals of EFA when numerous countries around the world are faced with challenges
that seem far too impossible to overcome ? The answer lies in attempting to bridge
some of the gaps that prevent developing nations to complete with de eloped nations.
On examples is that of providing greater access to technology and narrowing the ever
widening digital divide. In many ways to most basic access to technology can serve
are not afforded this access are at disadvantage when trying to grasp opportunities to
make life better for themselves, their families, and their community.

The part following the passage above would likely discuss

a. Lack of access technology in developing countries to support educational
practices.
b. Needs of modern digital technology to back up the implementation of EFA in
education
c. Roles of technology in providing individuals with cheap and accessible quality
education
d. Inability of developing nations to compete with developed countries in
technology
e. Governments roles and responsibilities in managing education for their
citizens

27. That should not be surprising, since the study of music and the study of
language have a lot in common. Both require you to have a good ear; the ability to
hear the difference you to reproduce sounds you have heard. Finally, when you learn
music or language, you have to learn complex sets of rules. With language, the rules
are about grammar and meaning. In fact, grammar is the rules about how words
change their form, and combine with other words to make sentences. With music, the
rules are about sounds and RYTHIM. Not surprisingly, researchers have discovered a
scientific reason why people are good at music and languages. According to study
done in Germany, you use the same part of the brain for both subjects. This part of the
brain is called Brocas area. Scientists have known, for some time that is connected to
learning languages. Now they believe that it is also the part of the brain you use when
you are learning music.

With which the following sentences the text begin .

a. We are lucky if we are good at both music and languages.
b. Many people who are good at music are good languages as well
c. Both music and languages are commonly taught at schools
d. Music and languages are two relevant subjects to learn
e. Both music and language basically apply the same rules.

28. Colours, hair, and Jewellery are frequently determined by a persons sex. This
is not even true now throughout the United States. In this country, there were protests
to bring about a change from these culturally strict norms. The anti-military attitudes
of the 1960s and the 1970s sought to break with the military making it more
acceptable for men to wear floral designs on their shirts in pinks, purples, violets, and
other feminine colors. For some people, long hairs and Jewellery on men also
became acceptable as a means of expressing this changed way of thinking. More
facial hair also became common, precisely because it differed from military norm.
The business world, however, has been slow to change.
With which of the following sentences should the texts end ? in most offices today .
a. Wearing bright colors, jewellery, and long hair is not acceptable for men
 b. Men and women have the same right in deciding the color of their rooms
c. Men are free to wear bright and colorful shirt
d. Bright colors are used in the working areas, well as in the common room
e. People coming from various cultural backgrounds work hand in hand.

29. However, most of us only ride our bikes for fun or sport. If you dont ride for
more practical purposes, you are missing some of the best benefits of biking. For
example, biking to work helps you save money on gas. A tank of gas for your car can
cost $50.000 aweek, and more if you drive a long way to work. Biking also helps you
keep the environment clean. Your car chokes the air with terrible chemicals but your
bike will not. Use your bike more often and help other as well as yourself. Do simple
errands such as going to a nearby post office or convenience store on your bicycle.
You can buy different kinds of stuff at a convenience store. Leave your car at home
when you can. Youll save money on gas and help environment, too.

With which of the following that biking sentences should the paragraph begin ?
a. Most people realize that biking is excellent exercise, offering several benefits.
b. Most people know that riding a bike is getting more popular
c. People can save money if they do nor drive their cars to their office very often
d. If people want to keep their environment clean, they should stop driving their
cars
e. Most people ride their bikes to their office to save and to keep our air clean.

30. In Montana and Wyoming, a cowboys life is harder in the winter than in other
seasons. During the spring and fall round-ups, cowboy work long hours. The weather
is good, however, and he enjoys being out of doors. The sun shines almost every day,
and it rarely rains. During July and August there is little work for a cow boy, and he
can spend much of this time at rodeos. His favorite form of recreation. In the winters,
as in the spring and fall, a cowboy also has a lot to do, but the severe weather makes
his work very difficult. He often works in extreme could and wind. Even when the
weather is bad, he rides his horse continuously, watching over his stock and taking
care of the weak animals that cannot stand the wind and cold.

With which of the following sentences should the paragraph end ?

a. Therefore, cowboys are usually considered very strong
b. Thus, throughout the year cowboys work hard but they enjoy their social life
c. To conclude, all cowboys are well trained and good alt rodeos
d. Thats why cowboys work very hard only during the spring and fall
e. As a result of their hard work, cowboys do not socialize well
 Kunci Jawaban
1. E 16. C
2. A 17. E
3. B 18. C
4. D 19. B
5. C 20. C
6. D 21. B
7. B 22. A
8. A 23. B
9. C 24. A
10. E 25. A
11. C 26. D
12. A 27. B
13. E 28. A
14. C 29. A
15. D 30. A