CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Study

Foreign Study

The first related foreign study talks about abortion in India. For the first decade,

improving the ability, accessibility and safety of induced abortion services are still developing. It

includes revising of rules and regulations expanding services to primary health centres. One of

these is the approval of medical abortion and surgical abortion. But despite of all these efforts,

the impact of it has been dampened by difficulties in implementation. They dont have enough

good facility to perform it. The expansion of abortion services into lower level of facilities has

been uneven. As suggested by National and State-level studies, most of the women in India who

seek to abortion is because they want to limit the family size, protect their health or because of

the poverty. But having unsafe abortion among women it can give health consequences. In their

country, India, most young and unmarried woman are the one who are particularly vulnerable to

poor sexual and reproductive health in general. Also, they have poor access to safe abortion

services. (https://www.guttmacher.org/report/abrtion-india-literature-review.Melissa

Stillman.et.al.2014.12)

For the second foreign related study, it examines the American foreign aid restrictions for

abortion services. The researchers in Stanford, Eran Bendavidn and Grant Miller found out that

restricting funding to family planning organizations that support abortion actually increased

abortions in Africa. As Georg W. Bush adapted a Reagan era policy that cut cash to all

nongovernmental organizations operating abroad that gives or consoled women in abortion, the
number of abortions increased in African countries where United States support the NGOs was

cut the most. (news.stanford.edu/news/2011/September/abortion-africa-policy-092811.html)

For the last part of related foreign study, it talks about reproductive health and the

questions of abortion in Botswana. It shows what complications of unsafe and illegal abortions

that could be the cause of maternal mortality in Botswana. The stigma attached to abortion leads

some woman to seek clandestine procedures or alternating to carry the fetus then o terminates the

infant at birth. This related study seeks for the perceptions about abortion in urban Botswana to

understand the culture, mood and attitude of women towards reproductive autonomy. It was

looking for a way for effective safe abortion and it could be only done if the restrictive laws will

eventually be abolished to allow women access to safe, timely abortions. And as the study

continues, it found out that socio-cultural factors not punitive laws prevent the greatest barriers

to women seeking to terminate an unwanted pregnancy. It should be address so that solutions to

unsafe abortions can be generated.

(aphre.org/abortion.research/inde.php/component/k2/itemlist/category/136.review)