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2 (Solutions)
MathCity.org Textbook of Algebra and Trigonometry for Class XI
Page 326
3 1
1 1
3
1 1
3 3 1
= = = 3
= .
1 + (1) ( ) 1
3
1+ 1
3
3 +1
3
3 +1
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 3
1 tan 1 + tan
= +
1 + (1) tan 1 (1) tan
1 tan 1 + tan
= +
1 + tan 1 + tan
1 tan 1 + tan 0
= = = 0 = R.H.S
1 + tan 1 + tan
(iii) L.H.S = sin + + cos +
6 3
= sin cos + cos sin + cos cos sin sin
6 6 3 3
3 1 1 3
= sin + cos + cos sin
2 2 2 2
3 1 1 3
= sin + cos + cos sin = cos = R.H .S .
2 2 2 2
sin cos tan
(iv) L.H.S = 2
cos + sin tan
2
sin sin cos cos sin
sin cos 2 2 2
cos cos
= 2 = 2
sin cos cos + sin sin
cos + sin 2 2 2
cos cos
2 2
=
sin cos cos sin
2 2 =
sin
2
=
sin
2 ( ) = tan
= R.H.S
cos cos + sin sin
cos cos
2 ( ) 2
2 2 2
1 tan tan
(v) L.H.S =
1 + tan tan
sin sin cos cos sin sin
1
cos cos cos cos
= =
sin sin cos cos + sin sin
1+
cos cos cos cos
cos cos sin sin cos ( + )
= = = R.H.S
cos cos + sin sin cos ( )
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 4
Question # 5
Show that: cos( + ) cos( ) = cos 2 sin 2 = cos 2 sin 2
Solution
L.H.S = cos( + ) cos( )
= ( cos cos sin sin )( cos cos + sin sin )
( 2
= ( cos cos ) ( sin sin )
2
) = cos cos sin sin
2 2 2 2
= cos 2 (1 sin 2 ) (1 cos 2 ) sin 2
= cos 2 cos 2 sin 2 sin 2 + cos 2 sin 2
= cos 2 sin 2 .. (i)
= (1 sin 2 ) (1 cos 2 )
= 1 sin 2 1 + cos 2
= cos 2 sin 2 .. (ii)
Question # 6 Do yourself as above
Hint: Just open the formulas
Question # 7
Show that
cot cot 1 cot cot + 1
(i) cot( + ) = (ii) cot( ) =
cot + cot cot cot
tan + tan sin( + )
(iii) =
tan tan sin( )
Solution
1 1
(i) L.H.S = cot( + ) = =
tan( + ) tan + tan
1 tan tan
1
tan tan 1
=
1 tan tan
= tan tan
tan + tan 1 1
tan tan +
tan tan
cot cot 1 cot cot 1
= = = R.H.S
cot + cot cot + cot
(ii)
Do yourself as above
(iii)
sin sin sin cos + cos sin
+
tan + tan cos cos cos cos
L.H.S = = =
tan tan sin sin sin cos cos sin
cos cos cos cos
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 5
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 6
4
Since sin = ; < <
5 2
12
sin = ; < <
13 2
Since cos 2 = 1 sin 2 cos = 1 sin 2
As terminal ray of lies in the IInd quadrant so value of cos is ive
cos = 1 sin 2
2
4 16 9 3
cos = 1 = 1 = cos =
5 25 25 5
Now
cos 2 = 1 sin 2
cos = 1 sin 2
As terminal ray of lies in the IInd quadrant so value of cos is ive
cos = 1 sin 2
2
12 144 25 5
cos = 1 = 1 = cos =
13 169 169 13
(i) sin( + ) = sin cos + cos sin
4 5 3 12 20 36 56
= + = =
5 13 5 13 65 65 65
56
sin( + ) 65 56
(iii) tan( + ) = = =
cos( + ) 33 33
65
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 7
3 5
(i) tan = , sin = and neither the terminal side of the angle of measure nor
4 13
that of is in the I quadrant.
15 7
(ii) tan = , sin = and neither the terminal side of the angle of measure
8 25
nor that of is in the IV quadrant.
Solution
3
(i) Since tan =
4
As tan is +ive and terminal arm of in not in the Ist quad. Therefor it lies in IIIrd
quad.
Now
sec2 = 1 + tan 2
sec = 1 + tan 2
Since terminal arm of is in the IIIrd quad., therefor value of sec is ive
sec = 1 + tan 2
2
3 9 25 5
sec = 1 + = 1 + = sec x =
4 16 16 4
1 1 4
Now cos = = cos =
sec 5 5
4
sin
Now = tan sin = tan cos
cos
3 4 3
sin = sin =
4 5 5
5
Since cos =
13
As cos is +ive and terminal arm of is not in the Ist quad., therefore it lies in IVth
quad.
Now sin 2 = 1 cos 2
sin = 1 cos 2
Since terminal ray of is in the fourth quadrant so value of sin is ive
sin = 1 cos 2
2
5 25 144 12
sin = 1 = 1 = sin =
13 169 169 13
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 9
cot + cot = cot cot cot cot
2 2 2 2 2 2
cot + cot + cot = cot cot cot
2 2 2 2 2 2
Question # 13
If + + = 180 , show that
cot cot + cot cot + cot cot = 1
Solution
Since , and are angles of triangle therefore
+ + = 180 + = 180
Now tan ( + ) = tan (180 )
tan + tan
= tan ( 2(90) )
1 tan tan
tan + tan
= tan
1 tan tan
tan + tan = tan (1 tan tan )
tan + tan = tan + tan tan tan
tan + tan + tan = tan tan tan
Dividing through out by tan tan tan
tan tan tan tan tan tan
+ + =
tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan
cot cot + cot cot + cot cot = 1
cot cot + cot cot + cot cot = 1
Question # 14
Express the following in the form r sin( + ) or r sin( ) , where terminal sides of
the angles of measure and are in the first quadrant:
(i) 12sin + 5cos (ii) 3sin 4cos (iii) sin cos
(iv) 5sin 4cos (v) sin + cos
Solution
(i) 12sin + 5cos
Let 12 = r cos and 5 = r sin
Squaring and adding 5 r sin
=
(12) 2 + (5) 2 = r 2 cos 2 + r 2 sin 2 12 r cos
144 + 25 = r 2 ( cos 2 + sin 2 ) 5
= tan
169 = r 2 (1) 12
5
r = 169 = 13 = tan 1
12
Now
12sin + 5cos = r cos sin + r sin cos
= r ( cos sin + sin cos )
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 10
5
= r sin ( + ) where r = 13 and = tan 1
12
(ii) 3sin 4cos
Let 3 = r cos and 4 = r sin
Squaring and adding 4 r sin
=
(3) 2 + (4) 2 = r 2 cos 2 + r 2 sin 2 3 r cos
9 + 16 = r 2 ( cos 2 + sin 2 ) 4
= tan
25 = r 2 (1) 3
4
r = 25 = 5 = tan 1
3
3sin 4cos = r cos sin + r sin cos
= r ( cos sin + sin cos )
4
= r sin ( + ) where r = 5 and = tan 1
3
(iii) sin cos
Let 1 = r cos and 1 = r sin
Squaring and adding 1 r sin
=
(1) 2 + (1)2 = r 2 cos 2 + r 2 sin 2 1 r cos
1 + 1 = r 2 ( cos 2 + sin 2 ) 1 = tan
2 = r 2 (1) = tan 1 ( 1)
r= 2
Now
sin cos = r cos sin + r sin cos
= r ( cos sin + sin cos )
= r sin ( + ) where r = 2 and = tan 1 ( 1)
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FSc-I / 10.2 - 11
4
= r sin ( + ) where r = 41 and = tan 1
5
(v) sin + cos
Let 1 = r cos and 1 = r sin
Squaring and adding 1 r sin
=
(1) 2 + (1) 2 = r 2 cos 2 + r 2 sin 2 1 r cos
1 + 1 = r 2 ( cos 2 + sin 2 ) 1 = tan
2 = r 2 (1) = tan 1 (1)
r= 2
Now sin + cos = r cos sin + r sin cos
= r ( cos sin + sin cos )
= r sin ( + ) where r = 2 and = tan 1 (1)
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