We use would to express preference, usually with like, prefer or rather:

Would you like anything else? Yes, I'd like to see some laptops, please.

PROBABILITY

May and might are used for probability:

It may/might rain tomorrow. (with might it is less probable)

Must and have to are used to express obligation.

' Must is used to express an obligation imposed by the speaker.
I must leave immediately. (I know it is my duty)
0 Have to shows external obligation.
You have to finish it in halfan houn (It's an order)
Must has got the same form for all subjects, in the present and the future. It has no past tense, we use had
to for the past tense.
Candidates must be in the office at 5.

Should is used for recommendation and advice.

You should update your computer software.
You shouldn't drive in such bad weather.

To express prohibition you can use must not (mustn't) and cannot (can't):
You mustn't/can't use a mobile in a petrol station.
Note that don't have to means ABSENCE OF OBLIGATION, or lack of necessity: you don't have to do
something, it is not necessary (=need not)
You don't have to/needn't take your laptop with you. it is not necessary.

What do the modal verbs express in these sentences?

a) Could you open the window, please? |ts too hot in here. request
b) Can I come in? request
c) May I pay by cheque?
d) Could you bring us the bill, please?
e) We would like to talk to an electrician. prefernt
f) You mustn't smoke in a school.
g) Overloaded circuits can cause fire. aviliti
permision
h) I cant help you. You should talk to a technician.
i) She can speak German.
EdcannoonePa j) You don't have to wear overalls.

Le.-r '5 Switch Onl

 Un 4 My laptop needs to be serviced

E Circle the best modal verb for each sentence:

a) Mayou like something to drink?

b) Slow down! I'm sorry, but you shouldn't/couldn't drive so fast.
c) I can't/don't have to fix my laptop. I am not a computer scientist.
d) You mustn't/don't have to drive under the effects of alcohol.
e) You don't have to/mustn't speak in a library.
f) Can/Wouldl help you?
g) You should/shouldn't drink alcohol when you drive.
h) He mustn't/doesn't have to take a camera. He can use his mobile.

Complete with a modal verb, use either affirmative or negative sentences. Sometimes more
than one option is possible.

cajn have to 'lT'fLliSt-

a) You can drive at 120 km/h on motorways, but you must drive so fast on mountain
roads.
b) We can speak loudly in the library.
c) I have to work hard. It is my duty.
d) My brother has to study a lot at university.
e) You can't use the mobile at the theatre.
f) Can I use your mobile, please?
g) Electrical shocks can kill you.
h) You mustn't work in electricity without the appropriate protective gear.

m Circle the right option:

a) Working as an electriciancan't be dangerous.

b) You should/shouldn't buy appliances with low power consumption.
c) You must/can be very cautious if you work as an electrician.
d) You should/shouldn't change the light bulbs in your home.
e) You should/shouldn't use shorter washing machine programmes.
f) You should/can buy LED TVs instead of plasma ones.
g) If you want to be environmentally friendly, you must/mustn't dispose of batteries correctly.
fo

h) You mustn't/don't have to use a keyboard to surf the internet on a tablet.

i) Power surges can/can't overload the circuit. Paronesan'n
'6

j) Electrical appliances must/mustn't be thrown into the rubbish. Ed

Lefr '5 Swi+c.h Onl

 You mustn't smoke

You must waer gloves

You mustn't get near

You must wear rubber boots

shouldn't
should
should
shouldn't
should
should
shouldn't
shouldn't
should
shouldn't
should
should

must
mustn't must

mustn't
mustn't
must
 are assembled
Are sold
are fixed
are tested
are replace
are caused

were stolen
were taken
was kept
were told
 b c A

3 1
2
 U n 5 Domotics

Match the pictures and the terms below:

f security b HVAC" eaudio visual a shading d intercom c lighting

i '
.LE ' ' I
- -

_ ._-

" l
I .
H__,______M __, _ _sM_ I ___ _,___,__ _____
. V V7
\;_ :1 I

El H
' HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation and Arr COnCflllOrHr1g it I5 also called climolics

E Complete the chart below with the systems in domotics above:

a) Temperature, humidity control, fresh air, heating.

HVAC
b) Lighting control systems, motion detectors.
LIGHTING
c) Audio and video switching and distribution.
AUDIO VISUAL
d) Control oi blinds and curtains.

e) gmmunication via microphone and loudspeakers between rooms.

f) Central locking, surveillance cameras, motion sensors, presence

simulation, fire, water and gas leak detection, medical alert

PaFYQrin
g) Coffeemaker, garage door, plant watering, pet feeding, etc.
Other household appliances monitoring,
@Edco

70 Lu '> Sowcn On
A B C F
D E G
H
 47641 not mentioned
cherters Electronics 3rd April

x 15
x 60w incan 30
15
x 1A 50
x 8

X 61
x 16 10
x x 21
20 x
20
 Domotics U n 5

D. Elechical appliances maininance

Do your electrical appliances need regular maintenance? Yes, of course they do.
Someone said that regular care helps you get the maximum lifespan out of each appliance, ancl
helps them function more efficiently and safely.
You are going to listen to a radio programme. A technician is talking about the regular care
appliances need.

E Before listening, make sure you understand these terms:

fraying prongs hose clogged

a) _________________ 0 A flexible tube made of rubber, plastic, etc , for carrying water.
b) When the threads in a cloth or cable start to come apart
c) ' To become blocked.
d) L 0 Long sharp pointed parts of plugs

Listen to the programme. What useful tasks does he mention? tick (~/) the checklist below.

Verify doors have tight seal

Clean surfaces / 1
Change vacuum bags once a month
Check the cords and plugs 2
Keep your computer organized
Organise the cords
Call a professional for specic tasks 4
Inspect hoses 3
Turn off the electrical current
Ensure that the washing machine IS level and on mm looting

E Listen again and rank the tasks above according to the order he mentions them.

I Listen to an extract from the radio program. Fill in the gaps with the missing words or expressions.
Well, there are some other appliances that need more maintenance than @
what we can give. For example, the I.aircondicenaer
shuuld have the
Freon level 2. tester and 3. tu keep it running
efficiently. But this requires a 4. 5.
PaViesrin
with the proper training to work with these chemicals.
Qidum Flemember, if you can't do it, call a professional."
Lets St>t+h Onl 177
 U n 5 Domotics

G l3fonur\cia'1'ior\
lNTONATlON IN QUESTIONS
1. Listen to the following questions. What's their intonation pattern? Q
Write the numbers of the sentences in the right column.
1. How are you?
2. Where are you from?
3. ls he very skilful? 1
4. Why do you want to work for us?
5. What were your duties?
6. Are you married?
7. Do you like cars?
8. Can I help you?

2. ls there any difference in intonation between wh- questions and yes/no questions?

3. Listen again ancl repeat. w

\/ocabolarij II

Customtir service and breakdowns

Customer service is the provision of service to customers before, during and after a purchase. It is
a series of activities to increase the level of customer satisfaction. It can come from a person, a call
centre, or an internet site.
Customer care is becoming more and more important in our society.
Read some typical expressions/questions electricians and other technicians use with customers
when they take electrical appliances to a repair shop to be serviced or mended. Make sure you
understand them.

To identify what is wrong (diagnosis): To deal with customers:

' What iswrong with yourwashing machine/fridge ? I l'll see what l can do
' Does the engine/motor/it overheat? ' l'll give you the estimate as soon as possible
0 ls it making a strange noise? ' Don't worry, it will be ready in a few hours/days/
0 Does it leak? W9el5-
PaFYQrin
Q Does it smell like somethings burning?
0 Do you have dilticulty turning it on?
@Edca

78 Let ls Switch oat

 Domotics U n 5

Translate these electrical problems into your language:

0 It overheats.

0 The filter is not clean.

I The motor is noisy.

I The cooling system cloesn't work.

I The oven/washing machine, etc. cloesn't turn on.

I The oven does not heat.

I Programme time cloes not countdown.

I The lights don't work/don't come on.

I A wall switch is rather warm.

I The lights are blinking.

I The light is dim.

Match the problems with lights and fixtures in A and the possible solutions in B.

1. A wall switch gets rather warm

2. The lights are blinking.
3. A light fixture goes off sometimes and later works again.
4. There are lots of spikes and surges in this area.
5. Some lights get extra bright while others dim. a
e

a) Don't worry, it is normal

b) There is a poor connection somewhere in the circuit

P C) It probably has the wrong type or wattage of bulb.

d) Put a plug-in surge protectoit

mgd e e) It is from a bad main neutral connection; bulbs may pop.

Lets Switch On 179

 U n 5 Domotics

Adi('LC'l'i\/as c-Ld or in3

Some verbs can be used as adjectives in the past participle form (-ed) and in the present participle
form (-ing).
0 These signs are confusing! 0 We are confused.

BEE!
~ The feeling produced is described with the -ed ending,
' The person or thing producing the feeling is described with the -ing ending.

Ia
ll L

F
. w ,;;t
- ' - i-'-\';Y
+.a, 1 1.- I;
lam relaxed! The film is boring lam tired.
This place is so relaxingl We're so boredl My ]Ob is so tiringl

Form -ed and -ing adjectives from these verbs:

excite worry surprise amaze annoy terrify

depress interest amuse embarrass disappoint frighten

excited exciting l worried

Complete the following sentences with the appropriate ending.

a) She doesn't understand what she has to do, she is very confused.
b) Myiob is really borg, I need to do something different soon!
c) He is a fantastic technician, I was very impressg by his skill.
d) My exam results were very depress______ I failed a lot of subjects.
e) I am very surpris_____ to hear you want to change jObS.
f) We saw a horror film yesterday, I was so frighten____!
g) I made a mistake, I am sorry, I am really embarrass_____.
h) Your boss is very annoy_____ because you work so slowly! @Ea

82 Let s SWITCH On!

b h f a e d g
c
 4
7

3
6
5
2
 U n 5 Domotics

Take note that...

The main clause in a first conditional can also have an imperative, a modal verb in the present or a verb in
the present simple for permanent situations (conditional zero):
0 If you are not an electrician, working here can be dangerous
' ll you don't know how to change the socket, don! do it
' ll the bulb is recl, it means "danger"
In the result clause of a sentence in the second conditional you can also have might or could, apart from
would + base form
if you helped me, I could/might succeed.
For giving recommendations or advice, you use the second conditional
If! were you, l would work harder.

Match the following sentence halves to make conditional sentences:

a) If you are not fully satised with the repair ...l would enjoy watching lms.
work...
...th b df .
b) If an appliance is A++.. are ls a a use
C) If She had a Smart homem ...you can fill in a complaint form.

d) If they reduced the price... ---ll V55 money-

9) lfl had a smart TV... ...she would be the happiest woman in the
f) If the demand for power exceeds the world.
capacity. . _
...more people would buy it.
g) If a few electrical accessories |l'\ your car
don't work... ...it will cause fuses to blow.

Write the sentences here:

a) llyou are riot fully satisfied with the repair work you can fill in a complaint lorm.

b) _____________________________________________________________________________

c) __________________________________________________________
d) _______________________________________________________

e)
f) __________________________________________________________
PaViri Q
9) ___________________________________________________
e) __7__7_______7__7__7_____________7__7_____ UEaca'ie

90 Late Switch om
 Domotics U n 5

Circle the correct verb tense:

a) If you turn the switch on, the mixer will start/started.
b) She would buy an Apple laptop if she had/has enough money.
c) My father would help me if he knows/knew how to.
d) If she saves/saved energy, she will also save money.
e) lf you are creative, you will find/would nd a good solution to the problem.
f) l Wlll recharge the battery if it is/was dead.
g) lf he had/has a screwdriver he would fix the socket.
h) lf the multimeter is/will be damaged, replace it immediately.

Complete the following conditional sentences with the right tense of the verb in brackets:
were
a) lf you ____________ (be) a good electrician, you would take safety measures.
will launch (launch) a new computer model every year if the market is
b) This company _____________
favourable.
c) If he is hardworl<ing, he will have (have) a promising future as a computer engineer.
d) You can't repair an appliance unless you are (be) an electrician.
design
e) If the brand ____________ (design) a good advertising campaign, they Wlll not sell a lot of
mobiles phones.
f) If she ______________
could (can) speak Chinese she would get a jOl3 in Beijing.
g) The house won't be warm if wehadnt turn on
(not/turn on) the heating.
h) If you had a smart home you 7
would have controled
(control) everything from your mobile.

Decide which conditional (1 or 2) is the best for each sentence and write the verbs in the
corresponding tenses.
a) If you 777777__ (not/use) a GPS, you 7________ (get) lost.
b) If I ________________ (be) you, I _______________ (wear) rubber boots to work on damp
ground.
c) Electrical appliances _______________ (not/work) if you ______________ (not/plug) them in
to a power line first.
d) If the battery _________ (be) dead, the car ___________ (not/start).
e) He _ _ (change) the socket if he _ __ (know) how to do it.
f) The machine is broken. If you (switch) it on, it (make) a
strange noise.
Pa g) If I _______________ (have) my mobile with me, I ______________ (not/be) afraid. But
unfortunately I forgot it at home.
UEdcane h) If you (plug) in a device into a wall outlet, electricity _ (flow).
Lets Switch Onl