ARTS

Fundamentals of Visual Arts

Elements of Art
Line

Shape and Form

Value

Color

Texture

Space

Principles of Design

Unity/ Harmony

Balance

Emphasis & Subordination

Proportion

Rhythm

Variety

Traditional Visual Arts

Drawing/
illustration
Painting

Etching

Sculpture

Etc.

Modern Visual Art

Digital Art

Animation/ Flash animation

Film

Web
-based videos
Etc.

The Nature of Art

 Art is everywhere

Art and Expression and Communication

Art as Creation

Art and
experience
Art and Nature

Art and Beauty

Classifications of Visual Art

Two Dimensional (2D

Length x Width)
Three Dimensional (3D
L x W x H)
Traditional Mediums in Art

Pencil

Crayons

Water Color

Oil pastels

Acrylic

Oil Paint

ELEMENT #1: The line

Line is man's own invention. It does not exist

in nature. The lines we "see" in nature are, on close observation, veins of leaves, the joining of two different surfaces, or the edges of
objects. The artist uses lines to imitate or to represent objects and figures on a flat surface. -straight-curved
Common Types of straight lines

Horizontal

Vertical

Diagonal

Zigzag

Broken

The Horizontal Line

Rest; Serenity; Perfect stability
The Vertical Line
Height; Poised & Stable; Strength; Power
The Diagonal Line
Movement; Emotion; Unrest/ uncertainty
Curved lines
Flow; Softness
Lines also define movement

ELEMENT #2: Shape

Geometric Shapes

Organic Shapes
ELEMENT #3: Value or Tone
The visual element of value or ton
e is, in its simplest form, the juxtaposition of light and dark. It is defined as the lightness or darkness in anything that is visible.
In making a composition, always consider
your light source. The light source must be consistent factor in a drawing or painting.
Value creates an illusion of depth, and makes
an image seems more realistic. Chiaroscuro
(Italian for clear
-dark) is a term in art for contrast between light and dark.
Value is also used to express emotion in a
composition.
ELEMENT #4: Color
The science of color is sometimes called
chromatics
Color is an important part of human
expression.
It is derived from light, whether natural, like
sunlight, or artificial, like fluorescent light.
Under a weak light we see some color, but
under a bright light, we see more color.
Color is a series of wave lengths which strike
our retina.
Some objects do not have color.

Some are black, white or gray. These are not

present in the color spectrum. They do not have any color quality.
They
are called Neutrals since they do not reflect any one distinct color. Black

reflects no light at all; White

reflects all colors; Gray

results from a partial reflection of light Factors that affect color
Hue

Value

Saturation
Hue (hypo/you)

is the quality which gives color its name. The colors of the spectrum are therefore called hues.
When people talk about the color of
something, they are usually referring to the hue of that object.
All of the colors of the rainbow are actually
different hues in the visible spectrum of light.
Value and Color
Value affects the lightness and darkness of a hue (ex. Dark yellow to light yellow) Saturation - Saturation refers to the intensity of a
hue. Framed in a triangular pattern, they are called the color triad. The color formed out of the combination of two primaries is called
a Secondary Color. There is actually no limit to the number of intermediate colors we can form because the color produced will differ
from that achieved by mixing more yellow with green Color Relationships Colors gain intellectual and emotional significance and a
sinuous quality only in terms of relationship with each other. For instance, the lemon pigment combined with yellow green provides
a soothing harmony; beside a violet, it produces vibrating contrasts. Each color therefore should be observed in terms of position in
the color wheel. The greatest contrast in hue is obtained by using two colors opposite each other in the color wheel. In the secondary
triad, although the network is the same as in the primary, the contrast is softer. This is because in any pair of the triad, there is a
common color. Orange and Green contain Yellow., orange and violet contain red, and green and violet contain blue. Color Theories
Warm
colors and Cool Colors
Complementary Colors

Analogous colors
Warm colors vs. Cool colors
Warm colors advance.

Cool colors recede.

Warm colors are vivid and energetic, and tend to advance in space Cool colors give an impression of calm, and create a soothing
impression
Warm colors are based on yellows, oranges,
browns, yellowish greens, orange reds, and the like.
Cool colors are based on blues, greens, pinks,
purples, blue-greens, magentas, and blue-based reds. Warm Colors Cool Colors2. Complementary Colors
Colors that are opposite each other on the
color wheel is considered to be complementary colors (example: red and green).
Complementary colors exhibit strong visual
contrast.
Opposite Colors Create Drama
The high contrast of complementary colors creates a vibrant look especially when used at full saturation. This color scheme must be
managed well so it is not jarring. Complementary color schemes are tricky to use in large doses, but work well when you want
something to stand out. Complementary colors are really bad for text. Tips- Use a single warm color against a range of cool colors to
put an emphasis on the warm color (red versus blues and blue-greens, or orange versus blues and blue-violets). Avoid using DE
saturated warm colors (e.g. Browns or dull yellows), because this may ruin the scheme. A complementary color scheme is composed
of 2 complementary hues.