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Applicable To: Ubuntu, Ubuntu family distributions, Linux Mint, Debian(partial) and derivatives.
Updated: Wed 15 Jun, 2016 GMT
There are several ways of installing softwares in linux and they are described in
many tutorials. this tutorial will cover most of the processes of installing softwares
in a linux system.
Online installation:
First open the terminal and run this command to get the latest version of the
software:
Then
4. If it's not in the list follow the instructions in the ppa installation section of
this tutorial.
5. Now double click on the desired software entry and then click "install".
If it is absent in your linux distribution then you will have to install it through
software manager/center rst. To me it's the best way to install softwares in linux.
1. Open synaptic package manager. click reload to get the latest version of the
softwares.
3. Right click each software you want to install and mark them for installing. it
will mark additional dependencies on it's own.
4. If your softwares not in the list follow the instructions in the ppa installation
section of this tutorial.
Additional info:
If you have a list of softwares then save the le with the list, with .list extension
(this le should contain the exact package name one at every line with an extra
string "install" included after each package name preceding by an space/tab). then
go to le->read markings and then brows to the le and open it. synaptic will mark
the softwares in the list automatically.
If you know the exact name of the software then you can install it through terminal
by simply entering the command:
That's it. If it says "unable to locate package..." then follow the instructions in the
ppa installation section of this tutorial.
If your software's not in the software list then it may come from private package
archives (PPA's).
1. Search google for the ppa address for your software. (like ppa for package-
name)
4. Now your desired software is in the list. so you can follow one of the above
processes (#1,#2,#3)
Ofine installation:
Say, you downloaded your desired softwares from some website. in this case if you
don't trust the origin of the software then don't install it or install it at your own
risk. Your downloaded softwares may come as a .zip, tar.gz, tar.bz2, .deb, .rpm, .tgz,
tar.xz or any other types of archives. If you are in linux mint or in ubuntu or in a
debian based OS try to download .deb packages because it's easier to install in
debian based OS.
through terminal:
cd path_to_the_directory_that_contains_the_.deb_file
sudo dpkg -i filename.deb
if gdebi is not installed then you have to install it through one of the processes
#1,#2,#3 (requires internet connection)
Then double click on the .deb le or open the le with gdebi package manager and
click install. It will be istalled soon.
#6. Installing .rpm packages:
rpm has to be installed in the system, otherwise follow one of the processes #1,#2,#3
to install rpm (requires internet connection)
cd path_to_the_directory_that_contains_the_.rpm_file
sudo rpm -i filename.rpm
these archives generally conatains the source of the package. each of them generally
has a different approach to install. I will be discussing a common method which will
supposedly work for all of them. General requirements:
1. ex
2. bison or bison++
3. python
As these archives contains the source, your system needs the required programming
languages to compile and build the source. so the general requirement packages
stated above may not be sufcient for you. in that case you have to install the
required packages through one of the processes #1,#2,#3 (requires internet
connection). You can know about the dependencies about your software in a readme
le included in the archives.
Steps:
1. Open the archives with archive manager by double clicking it, then extract it.
cd path-to-the-extracted-folder
./configure
make
sudo make install
If the rst code fails to execute then run this code before above codes:
chmod +x configure
chmod +x install.sh
./install.sh or sudo ./install.sh (if it needs root permission)
or you can double click it and select run in terminal or simply run.
chmod +x install
./install or sudo ./install (if it needs root permission)
or you can double click it and select run in terminal or simply run
If you still can't nd the required les then it may be in a special folder (generally in
a folder named 'bin'). move to this folder with cd command with appropriate path
and then look again and follow the same process.
Some packages are archived as pre installed packages i.e you don't have to install
them , you just need to extract them in a secure place and theres an executable le
(name is generally same as the software name) in the extracted folder or in child
chmod +x filename_with_exact_path
cd filename_with_exact_path
./filename
or double clicking it and selecting run in terminal or run, whatever supports your
software.
chmod +x filename.sh
./filename.sh or sudo ./filename.sh (if it needs root permission)
or double click it and select run in terminal or run, whatever supports your software.
chmod +x filename.run
./filename.run or sudo ./filename.run (if it needs root permission)
or double click it and select run in terminal or run, whatever supports your software.
Often, softwares generally have a lot of dependencies. You need to download all of
them, which sometimes can be very difcult and tiring. for this you can follow the
instructions here which will save your time and effort.
W: The rst three online methods are the safest way to install a software. For other
methods you have to take risks of potential damage of your system or software
dependencies.