General physics quiz problem

20178028

#1(38) Equation 7.9 relates force to the derivative of potential energy. Use this fact to differentiate
Equation 8.6 for gravitational potential energy, and show that you recover Newtons law of
gravitation

Eq. 7.9 : =


Eq. 8.6 : () =

1
A. = = ( )= (Newtons law of gravitation
2

#2(44) Satellites A and B are in circular orbits, with A four times as far from Earths center as B.
How do their orbital periods compare?

A.
42 42
- By Keplers law 2 = 3 & 2 = 3

- = 4 (Problem condition)
42 42 42 42 3 2
2 = 3 = (4 )2 = 64 3 = (8 ) = (8 )2

= 8

#3(53) Neglecting Earths rotation, show that the energy needed to launch a satellite of mass in
+2
to circular orbit at altitude is ( )( )
2( +)

A.

- 1 = & 2 = (1 without any motion, 2 for circularly motion)
2( +)

- Define energy to add satellite to be on a circular orbit as

1 1 2( +) +2
= 2 1 = = ( ) = ( )= ( )
2( +) 2( +) 2 ( +) 2( +)

#4(62) Show that the form = follows from Equation 8.5 when 2 ~1
[Hint : write 2 = 1 + and apply the binomial approximation (Appendix A)]
1 1
* Equation 8.5 : 12 = ( ) (from 1 to 2)
1 2

* Appendix A : (1 + ) ~1 + for 1 &

 1 1 1
A. = 2 1 = = ( )= (1 )~ (1 (1 )) =
1 2 1 1 + 1 1 + 1 1 12

Define
12
=

#5(66) We derived Equation 8.4 on the assumption that the massive gravitating center remains
fixed. Now consider two objects with equal mass orbiting each other, as shown in Fig.8.18. Show
that the orbital period is given by 2 = 2 2 3 where is the distance between the objects
* Eq. 8.4 : 2 = 4 2 3

Figure 8.18 Problem 66

A.

1 12 1 2 2 22 2 1 1 2
- 12 = = = 12 = & 22 =
1 2 2 2 2

(1 +2 ) (1 +2 )
- Rotates in center of mass : 1 1 = 2 2 = 2 ( 1 ) = 1 = 2
2 1

21 1 2
- = = 2
1 2

4 2 4 2 2 4 2
2 = 1 2 = 3 = 3
2 2 (1 + 2 ) (1 + 2 )
42 22
- 1 = 2 = 2 = 3 = 3
(+)