RISK FACTOR AND OUTCOME OF NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

NEONATES WHO ADMITTED TO NEONATOLOGY UNIT

OF M. DJAMIL HOSPITAL PADANG
Eny Yantri
Inggrit Anggraini,
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Andalas University
Dr. M.Djamil Hospital Padang, Indonesia

Background
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acquired gastrointestinal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality in
premature neonates. The incidence is 5-10%, more than 90% in preterm neonates and 10-15% in aterm neonates. Mortality rate
is 10-50 %. The pathogenesis is not well understood.

Objective
To determine the risk factors and outcome of NEC neonates admitted to neonatology unit of M. Djamil hospital Padang

Method
A retrospective study conducted towards NEC neonates from Jan-Dec 2015. Data was collected and analyzed from medical
record i.e gestational age, birthweight, birth method, enteral feeding history, intestinal ischemia risk, clinical sign, supporting
examination (laboratorium and radiology) and outcome.

Result
Table 1. Characteristic of sample Table 3. Risk factors aterm vs preterm babies

Insiden of NEC : 7.2 %

Mortality rate : 71.1 %

Table 2. Clinical sign of NEC

Characteristic Total (%) n = 45

Clinical sign
Abdominal distention 40 (88.9)
GI tract bleeding 5 (11.1)
Vomiting 9 (20.0)
Abdominal cellulitis 2 (4.4)
Laboratory finding
Leukositosis 11 (24.4)
Neutropenia 4 (8.9)
Trombositopenia 23 (51.1)
Electrolyte abnormality 18 (40.0)
Metabolic acydosis 10 (22.2)
Radiologic appearance
Dilatation/ ileus 5 (11.1)
Intestinal pneumatosis 31 (68.9) Table 4. Outcome based on risk factor
Pneumoperitoneum 9 (20.0)
Blood culture
Steril 34 (75.6)
Positif 11 (24.4)
Klebsiella sp 4 (8.9)
Staphilococcus aureus 5 (11.1)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (4.4)

Conclusion
The most common risk factors of NEC in our study are preterm and low
birthweight, and sepsis was the most common risk factor in aterm
neonates.
Outcome was not related with birthweight, gestational age, intestinal
ischemia risk, and radiologic appeareance

Keywords
Necrotizing enterocolitis, risk factor, outcome