Drug Name Dosage & Route Action Indication Adverse Effects Contraindication Nursing Responsibility

Rapid-acting potent CV: Postural hypotension,

FUROSEMIDE Edema Treatment of edema History of hypersensitivity to Assessment & Drug Effects
sulfonamide "loop" diuretic dizziness with excessive
(fur-oh'se-mide) Adult: PO 20–80 mg associated with CHF, furosemide or sulfonamides;
and antihypertensive with diuresis, acute hypotensive
in 1 or more divided cirrhosis of liver, and kidney increasing oliguria, anuria,
pharmacologic effects and episodes, circulatory collapse. • Observe patients receiving
doses up to 600 mg/d disease, including nephrotic fluid and electrolyte depletion
Fumide , Furomide , Lasix, uses almost identical to those Metabolic: Hypovolemia, parenteral drug carefully; closely
if needed IV/IM 20–40 syndrome. May be used for states; hepatic coma;
Luramide of ethacrynic acid. Exact dehydration, hyponatremia monitor BP and vital signs. Sudden
mg in 1 or more management of hypertension, pregnancy (category C),
mode of action not clearly hypokalemia, hypochloremia death from cardiac arrest has been
divided doses up to alone or in combination with lactation.
defined; decreases renal metabolic alkalosis, reported.
Classifications: 600 mg/d other antihypertensive agents,
vascular resistance and may hypomagnesemia,
ELECTROLYTIC AND Child: PO 2 mg/kg,
increase renal blood flow
and for treatment of
hypocalcemia (tetany), • Monitor BP during periods of
WATER BALANCE may be increased by hypercalcemia. Has been used diuresis and through period of dosage
hyperglycemia, glycosuria,
AGENT; LOOP DIURETIC 1–2 mg/kg q6–8h concomitantly with mannitol adjustment.
elevated BUN,
(max: 6 for treatment of severe
mg/kg/dose) IV/IM 1 cerebral edema, particularly
hyperuricemia. GI: Nausea, • Observe older adults closely
vomiting, oral and gastric during period of brisk diuresis.
mg/kg, may be in meningitis.
burning, anorexia, diarrhea, Sudden alteration in fluid and
increased by 1 mg/kg
constipation, abdominal electrolyte balance may precipitate
q2h if needed (max:
cramping, acute pancreatitis, significant adverse reactions. Report
mg/kg/dose)
jaundice. Urogenital: symptoms to physician.
Neonate: PO 1–4
Allergic interstitial nephritis, • Lab tests: Obtain frequent blood
mg/kg q12–24h IV/IM
irreversible renal failure, count, serum and urine electrolytes,
1–2 mg/kg q12–24h
urinary frequency. CO2, BUN, blood sugar, and uric
Hematologic: Anemia, acid values during first few months
Hypertension
leukopenia, of therapy and periodically thereafter.
Adult: PO 10–40 mg
thrombocytopenic purpura;
b.i.d. (max: 480 mg/d)
aplastic anemia, • Monitor for S&S of hypokalemia.
agranulocytosis (rare). • Monitor I&O ratio and pattern.
Special Senses: Tinnitus, Report decrease or unusual increase
vertigo, feeling of fullness in in output. Excessive diuresis can
ears, hearing loss (rarely result in dehydration and
permanent), blurred vision. hypovolemia, circulatory collapse,
Skin: Pruritus, urticaria, and hypotension. Weigh patient daily
exfoliative dermatitis, under standard conditions.
purpura, photosensitivity, • Monitor urine and blood glucose
porphyria cutanea tarde, & HbA1C closely in diabetics and
necrotizing angiitis patients with decompensated hepatic
(vasculitis). Body as a cirrhosis. Drug may cause
Whole: Increased hyperglycemia.
perspiration; paresthesias;
activation of SLE, muscle
spasms, weakness;
thrombophlebitis, pain at IM
injection site.