IoT connectivity made easier

STM32 MCUs & LoRa

 Summary 2

1. What is IoT ?

2. Communication technologies Overview

3. LPWAN

4. LoRa and LoRa Alliance

5. LoRa technology modulation and LoRaWAN network protocol

6. STM32 boosting LoRa (Roadmap, demos, competition, and schedule)

 What is IoT ? 3

While M2M networks connect machines in closed systems,

IoT enhances the exiting networks through an intelligent cloud.

Cloud

Real-time analytics
Managed APIs
Internet scale awareness

Things Human (us)

 IoT use cases 4

Consumer Industrial

Services
Health tracking Application Server
Admin control
Food lifestyle
Weight control
Wi-Fi FW update
Network Server

3G / 4G / Ethernet
Wi-Fi
4G

BLE Gateway LoRa

IoT - Driving the next semiconductor growth 5

45 billion connected devices are expected by 2020

Billion units installed base

2015 2020
50
21 billion 45 billion

40

30

20

10

0
Source : ABI, ST
Communication Technologies - Overview
Baud rate
850/1900 MHz
900/1800 MHz

Mbps Wi-Fi / BT Cellular

-M
5G
-NB-IOT

Kbps
2.4 GHz
Short Range LPWAN

bps
Sub-GHz
Range
10 m 100 m 1 km 10 km

ST Confidential
 ISM worldwide regulation 7

Output Power vs Duty Cycle

Countries Frequency band review Max. output power

EU 868 MHz 14 dBm

USA 915 MHz 20 dBm

Korea 900 MHz

14 dBm
Japan 920 MHz
Malaysia 862 to 875 MHz
Philippines 868 MHz
Vietnam 920 to 925 MHz
India 865 to 867 MHz
Singapore 922 MHz 20 dBm
Thailand 920 to 925 MHz
Indonesia 922 MHz
ANZ 915 to 928 MHz
Taiwan 920 to 925 MHz

China 470 to 510 MHz 17 dBm

 Sub-GHz and IoT 8

The 2 solutions to address the IoT over LPWAN

Sub-GHz is a fragmented segment with many dedicated protocols and solutions to

address different needs
An initiative of standardization is on-going with LTE, LoRa, Sigfox
Standardization will be an enabler for industrial applications (meters), Smart Cities
Source: Semtech

What is LoRa ? 9

1. A Sub-GHz wireless technology enabling low data rate communication over long distances

2. Targeting M2M and Internet of Things, IoT applications

3. LoRa technology provides a WAN capability, using a MAC protocol named LoRaWAN

Long range Max lifetime Multi-usage Low cost

Greater than cellular Low power optimized High capacity Minimal infrastructure
Deep indoor coverage 10- to 20-year lifetime Multi-tenant Low-cost end-node
Star topology >10x vs cellular M2M Public network Open software

True location Bidirectional Global mobility Security

Indoor and outdoor
Accurate Bidirectional True mobility Unique ID
Scalable capacity Seamless Application
Broadcast Roaming Network
Source: LoRa Alliance

ST and the Alliance 10

The Internet of Things era is now

The LoRa Alliance is an open, non-profit association of members. Its mission is to ensure that LoRaWAN
is THE open global standard for SECURE, CARRIER-GRADE IoT LPWAN connectivity.
Visit www.lora-alliance.org
Source: LoRa Alliance

The LoRa Alliance 11

www.lora-alliance.org
Source: LoRa Alliance

The
LoRa Network Deployment 12
Source: Semtech

LoRa technology modulation 13

LoRa technology is based on the

Spread Spectrum Technology
It is a Chirped Frequency
Modulation

Source: Semtech
Source: Semtech

LoRaWAN device classes 14

3 classes to cover all use cases

Class name Intended usage

Battery powered sensors (or actuators with no latency Mainly uplink with two potential
A (all) constraint) downlink slots after each uplink
Most energy efficient communication class.
Must be supported by all devices.
Battery powered actuators Programmed downlink slots to
B (beacon) Energy efficient communication class for latency controlled allow control within certain latency
downlink. limits
Based on slotted communication synchronized with a
network beacon.
Main powered actuators Lowest latency command and
C (continuous) Devices witch can afford to listen continuously. control for less power critical
No latency for downlink communication. devices
Source: Semtech

LoRaWAN device classes 15

Class A bidirectional communication

END DEVICES Source: Semtech

Source: Semtech

LoRaWAN device classes 16

Class B Bidirectional Communication

END DEVICES Pre-programmed RX slots synchronized by gateway beacons Source: Semtech

 LoRa network protocol 17

Network topology overview

D1 Dx Dx

D2 Dx Dx

D3 Dx Dx

Dx Dx Dx

Network Servers

Dx Dx Dx

Gateways Application Servers

Devices

Long-range Sub-GHz 3G / 4G / Ethernet Ethernet

LoRa (IP) (IP)
 LoRa network protocol 18

Solution providers

Device

SILICON MODULES DEVICES GATEWAY NETWORK SERVER APPLICATON SERVER

Powered by STM32
 LoRaWAN - Security 19

A native 128-bit AES security network protocol

Device Address (DevAddr) is a 32-bit identifier
Unique within the network
Available in each data frame and shared between end-device, N.S and A.S

Network Session Key (NwkSKey) is a 128-bit AES encryption key

Unique per end-device and shared between end-device and N.S
It allows message integrity communication between end-device and N.S

Application Session Key (AppSKey) is a 128-bit AES encryption key

Unique per end-device and shared between end-device and A.S
It is used to encrypt / decrypt A.S server messages to the end-device

To increase end-device authentication and security, a secure element can be added to the device
 ST and Semtech LoRa Agreement 20

Semtech Corporation and STMicroelectronics announce

an agreement on Semtech's Lora long-range
wireless RF technology

Intended to boost STM32 MCUs with LoRa

technology to target internet of things deployments by
mobile network operators and large-scale private
networks

-> ST and Semtech partnership press release

 LoRa powered by STM32 21

www.st.com/stm32-lrwan

USI Module Murata Module

AT command All-in-one Open

Cost-optimized Flexible design architecture

All-in-one LPWAN
solution More than 1000 STM8/STM32 part numbers
 Open Murata
LoRa module 22
Powered by STM32L0
VDD_RF VDD_MCU VDD_USB

STM32L072CZY6TR
RFI_HF
RFI_HF SPI1 192 Kbytes of
RFSW8001

Matching

Flash memory
Network

Antenna VR_PA RESET

VR_PA
SX1276
(137 to 1020 MHz) ) 20 Kbytes of RAM
PA_BOOST DIO 0-4
6 Kbytes of
EEPROM

+14dBm Sigfox TCXO

+20dBm ready
XTAL STSAFE
Optional
32.768Hz
 USI LoRa module - AT command set 23
Powered by STM32L0

VDD_RF VDD_MCU VDDA

STM32L052T8Y6TR
RFI_HF SPI1 64 Kbytes of Flash
RF SWITCH

Antenna
memory
SX1272 RESET
U.FL

VR_PA
(860 to 1020 MHz) 8 Kbytes of RAM
PA_BOOST DIO 0-4
2 Kbytes of
EEPROM

XTAL 32MHz Optional on open

module version
XTAL 32.768 kHz
 Lets get started 24

With a wide and existing ecosystem (Click on the icon or link)

Hardware tools Dev tools LoRaWAN stack

STM32CubeMX

ST-Link Utility
Nucleo pack
ST and Semtech Partners IDE
P/N: P-NUCLEO-LRWAN1

Expansion board
ST and USI
P/N: I-NUCLEO-LRWAN1

System I-CUBE-LRWAN
Discovery kit Workbench
ST and Murata for STM32
P/N: B-L072Z-LRWAN1
 New hardware tool 25

B-L072Z-LRWAN1: Murata STM32 and LoRa Discovery kit

Flexible board power supply:

through USB or external source

Integrated ST-Link/V2-1:
mass storage device flash programming

2 push buttons, 2 color LEDs,

Jumper settings

Arduino extension connectors :

easy access to add-ons

Murata module

SMA Antenna connector

 New hardware tool 26

I-NUCEO-LRWAN1: USI STM32 Nucleo expansion board for LoRa

SMA antenna connector

Pressure, humidity, temperature, and 3D

MEMS

Arduino extension connector

USI module
 Release your creativity 27
with the STM32

/STM32 @ST_World community.st.com st.com/e2e

www.st.com/stm32-lrwan