Complex Number

Complex number is combination of real and complex number. For example: a+ib
where a is real number and b is imaginary number.

Real Number: Real Numbers are those numbers which can be rational or
irrational.

Example: 1, 2, 2.35, 2/7

Imaginary number: Imaginary Numbers are those numbers which gives

negative result when we squared them

Example: 3i Square is -9 or we can say 9i2

I2 =-1
Example:

3i Square is -9 or we can say 9i2

I2 =-1

If we will square the real number we always get positive result or zero never
negative.

Addition & Subtraction of complex number

To add complex number we cant add them directly. We need to add real part
with real and imaginary with imaginary and result of addition always is a complex
number. As you can see below

(a+ib) + (c+id) = (a+c) + i(b+d)

Similar in case of Subtraction:

Multiplication
For multiplication we need to multiply the first complex number with each part of
second complex number.

(a+ib) X (c+id) = (ac-bd) + i(bc+ad)

i X i = i2 = -1

Example:

(3+4i) X (7+5i)= (21-20) + (28+ 15)I = 1+ 43i

 Division
How we can divide the complex number:

(a+ib)/ (c+id) = {(ac+bd)/ (c2 +d2 )} + {(bc-ad)/ (c2 +d2 )}i

Step 1: To divide complex number you just multiply and divide by conjugate of
denominator. For this first we need to learn about conjugate. Conjugate means
change the sign of denominator. Like (c+id) conjugate of this is (c-id).

Step 2: Now we will solve this.

Step 3: Simplify the power of I means put i2=-1.

Step 4: Combine like terms Means real with real and imaginary with imaginary
part on both numerator as well as denominator.
Step 5: Now write down in the form of Complex number (a+ib)

Example:

(3+i5)/ (7+i4) = {(21+20)/ (72 +42 )} +{( 35 12)/ (72 +42 )} I = (41/65) + (23/65) i