Tieng Anh Chuyen Nganh CTXH - Qnu

B GIO DC V O TO
TRNG I HC QUY NHN
DNG BCH NHT NGUYN TH XUN TRANG
ENGLISH
IN
SOCIAL WORK
Faculty of Psychology, Social work and Special Education
Quy Nhon, 2009

CONTENTS OF THE COURSE
Titles 45 pages
periods
LESSON 1: NATURE OF SOCIAL WORK 4 2
LESSON 2: ORIGINS 4 5
LESSON 3: TYPES OF SOCIAL WORK 4 9
LESSON 4: WORK ENVIRONMENT - EMPLOYMENT 4 13
LESSON 5: TRAINING (1) 4 16
LESSON 6: TRAINING QUALIFICATIONS- 4 19

ADVANCEMENT (2)
LESSON 7: NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL 4 22

WORKERS
LESSON 8: STANDARDS FOR PROFESSIONAL 4 27

PREPARATION AND DEVELOPMENT
LESSON 9: TYPES OF PROFESSIONAL INTERVENTION 4 31
LESSON 10: CONTEMPORARY PROFESSIONAL 4 34

DEVELOPMENT
FURTHER READINGS 37
BIBLIOGRAPHY 47
1
LESSON 1
NATURE OF SOCIAL WORK
Social work is a profession for those with a strong desire to help improve peoples
lives. Social workers assist people by helping them cope with issues in their everyday lives,
deal with their relationships, and solve personal and family problems. Some social workers
help clients who face a disability or a life-threatening disease or a social problem, such as
inadequate housing, unemployment, or substance abuse. Social workers also assist families
that have serious domestic conflicts, sometimes involving child or spousal abuse. Some
social workers conduct research, advocate for improved services, engage in systems design
or are involved in planning or policy development. Many social workers specialize in
serving a particular population or working in a specific setting.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook
Handbook, 2008-09 Edition, Social Workers.
Social work is a discipline involving the application of social theory and research
methods to study and improve the lives of people, groups, and societies. It incorporates and
uses other social sciences as a means to improve the human condition and positively change
society's response to chronic problems. Social work is a profession committed to the pursuit
of social justice, to the enhancement of the quality of life, and to the development of the full
potential of each individual, group and community in society. It seeks to simultaneously
address and resolve social issues at every level of society and economic status, but
especially among the poor and sick. Social workers are concerned with social problems,
their causes, their solutions and their human impacts. They work with individuals, families,
groups, organizations and communities.
(From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
Social work has its roots in the struggle of society to deal with poverty and the
resultant problems. Therefore, social work is intricately linked with the idea of charity work;
but must be understood as distinctly different as well. The concept of charity goes back to
ancient times, and the practice of providing for the poor has roots in all major world
religions.
Today social workers are employed in a myriad of pursuits and settings. Professional
social workers are generally considered those who hold a professional degree in social work
and often also have a license or are professionally registered. Social workers have organized
themselves into local, national, and international professional bodies to further the aims of
the profession.
2
New words:
- cope (v) : gii quyt - chronic (adj) : kinh nin
- client (n) : khch hng - pursuit (v) : theo ui

- justice (n) : s cng bng
- inadequate (adj) : khng y
- resolve (v) : gii quyt
- substance abuse (n) : lm dng cht gy nghin
- impact (n) : s nh hng
- advocate (n) : ng h - intricately (adv) : rc ri
- engage (v) : tham gia - myriad (n) : v s
- incorporate (v) : bao gm
EXERCISES
A. COMPREHESION QUESTIONS
I. Match the definitions in column B with the words in column A:
A B
1. cope a. at the same time
2. assist b. row at home
3. disability c. deal with
4. clients d. defend or support
5. inadequate e. the public opinion in the society
6. substance abuse f. the act of following sth.
7. domestic conflicts g. give support
8. spousal h. have a deep knowledge
9. advocate i. influences
10. engage k. marriage
11. specialize l. not adequate
12. chronic m. one who consults a legal adviser
13. social justice n. participate
14. pursuit o. relating to time
15. simultaneously p. state of being disabled
16. impacts q. using drug in a wrong way
17. incorporate r. aim of obtaining sth
18. myriad s. a big number
19. pursuit t. work together with
20. settings u. way or place sth is fixed
II. True (T) or False (F)?
1. Social work doesnt require uncommon dedication to strive for social reform.
2. Social workers help people function the best way they can in their environment, but they
do not concern themselves in helping people dealing with their personal relationships.
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3. Clients of social workers are not the people who face a life-threatening disease or a social
problem.
4. The families that have serious conflicts can receive assistance from social workers.
5. If you cant find a job, you can ask social workers for their assistance.
6. You are not a client of social workers in the case that your son is a drug addict.
7. Social workers never participate in making policy of the government.
8. There are social workers who investigate the population of the world.
9 Thanks to the social workers contribution, the social life is improved.
10. Social workers work with not only an individual but also a large group of people.
11. Social work and charity are the same concept.
12. Most social workers specialize.
III. Answer the following questions
1. What are similarities in defining social work between Occupational Outlook Handbook,
2008-09 and Wikipedia encyclopedia?
2. What are differences in defining social work between Occupational Outlook Handbook,
2008-09 and Wikipedia encyclopedia?
3. What did social work derive from?
B- GRAMMAR
Questions - Simple present tense
Make questions for the underlined parts
1- Social workers are employed in a myriad of pursuits and settings.
2- It incorporates and uses other social sciences.
3- They work with individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities.
4- Social work has its roots in the struggle of society.
5- Social workers assist people by helping them cope with issues in their everyday lives.
4
LESSON 2
ORIGINS
-WESTERN WORLD-
During the Middle Ages, the Christian church had vast influence on European society
and charity was considered to be a responsibility and a sign of ones piety. This charity was
in the form of direct relief (for example, giving money, food, or other material goods to
alleviate a particular need), as opposed to trying to change the root causes of poverty.
The practice and profession of social work has a relatively modern (19th century) and
scientific origin. Social work, as a profession or pursuit, originated in the 19th century. The
movement began primarily in the United States and England. After the end of feudalism, the
poor were seen as a more direct threat to the social order, and so the state formed an
organized system to care for them. In England, the Poor Law served this purpose. This
system of laws sorted the poor into different categories, such as the able bodied poor, the
impotent poor, and the idle poor. This system developed different responses to these
different groups.
Social work involves ameliorating social problems such as poverty and
homelessness. The 19th century ushered in the Industrial Revolution. There was a great leap
in technological and scientific achievement, but there was also a great migration to urban
areas throughout the Western world. This led to many social problems, which in turn led to
an increase in social activism. Also with the dawn of the 19th century came a great
"missionary" push from many Protestant denominations. Some of these mission efforts
(urban missions), attempted to resolve the problems inherent in large cities like poverty,
prostitution, disease, and other afflictions. In the United States workers known as "friendly
visitors", stipended by church and other charitable bodies, worked through direct relief,
prayer, and evangelism to alleviate these problems. In Europe, chaplains or almoners were
appointed to administrate the church's mission to the poor. Jane Addams (September 6,
1860 May 21, 1935) was a founder of the U.S. Settlement House movement and is
considered one of the early influences on professional social work in the United States.
During this time, rescue societies were initiated to find more appropriate means of
self-support for women involved in prostitution. Mental asylums grew to assist in taking
care of the mentally ill. A new philosophy of "scientific charity" emerged, which stated
charity should be "secular, rational and empirical as opposed to sectarian, sentimental, and
dogmatic." In the late 1880s, a new system to provide aid for social ills came in to being,
which became known as the settlement movement. The settlement movement focused on the
causes of poverty through the "three Rs" - Research, Reform, and Residence. They provided
a variety of services including educational, legal, and health services. These programs also
5
advocated changes in social policy. Workers in the settlement movement immersed
themselves in the culture of those they were helping.
In America, the various approaches to social work led to a fundamental question - is
social work a profession?, Even as many schools of social work opened and formalized
processes for social work began to be developed, the question lingered. In 1915, at the
National Conference of Charities and Corrections, Dr. Abraham Flexner spoke on the topic
"Is Social Work a Profession?" He contended that it was not because it lacked specialized
knowledge and specific application of theoretical and intellectual knowledge to solve human
and social problems. This led to the professionalization of social work, concentrating on
case work and the scientific method.
New words
- affliction (n) : s kh s
- charity (n) : lng t thin
- stipend (v) : thu nhp chnh thc
- piety (n) : lng m o
- evangelism (n) : truyn gio
- poverty (n) : s ngho i
- chaplain (n) : cha tuyn u
- alleviate (v) : lm du i
- almoner (n) : ngi pht chn
- feudalism (n) : ch phong kin
- impotent (adj) : yu ui - rescue (n) : s cu tr
- ameliorate (v) : ci thin - asylum (n) : ni an ton
- usher (v) : m ra - secular (n) : th tc

- denomination (n) : nhm tn gio - sectarian (n) : b phi
- mission (n) : nhim v - dogmatic (n) : gio iu
EXERCISES
A B
1. piety a- a system based on the relationships between the lord and
2. charity those subject to him.
3. alleviate b- arrange sth in groups
4. poverty c- begin
5. feudalism d- being poor
6. sorted e- beliefs and teachings
7. impotent f- causing improvement
8. ameliorating g- giving help to the needy
9. usher h- help
6
10. leap i- hospital
11. affliction k- lessen / make easier to be endured
12. denomination l- name, type, classification
13. stipend m- not concerned with religious affairs
14. chaplain n- obedience, faithfulness
15. evangelism o- pay monthly salary
16. rescue p- person working in a church
17. asylum q- rapid increase
18. secular r- the cause of continued pain of body or mind
19. trace back s- weak
20. linger t- be unwilling to leave
u- derive from
II. Answer the following questions

1- When did the Christian church have vast influence on European society?
2- When was social work seen as a profession or pursuit?
3- Why was there an increase in social activism in the 19 th century?
4- What is three Rs?
5- What led to the professionalization of social work, concentrating on case work and the
scientific method?
III. Complete the following summary
Social work as a defined pursuit and profession began in the (1) . century. This
was in response to societal problems that resulted from the (2) ..and an
increased interest in applying scientific theory to various aspects of study. Eventually an
increasing number of educational institutions began to offer social work programs. The (3)
s emphasis on advocacy and case work became part of social work practice.
During the 20th century, the profession began to rely more on research and evidenced-based
practice as it attempted to improve its professionalism.
IV. Translate into Vietnamese:
In America, the various approaches to social work led to a fundamental question is
social work a profession? This debate can be traced back to the early 20th century debate
between Mary Richmond's Charity Organization Society (COS) and Jane Addams's
Settlement House Movement. The essence of this debate was whether the problem should
be approached from COS' traditional, scientific method focused on efficiency and
prevention or the Settlement House Movement's immersion into the problem, blurring the
lines of practitioner and client.
7
B. GRAMMAR:
Questions - simple past tense
Make questions for the underlined parts
1- This charity was in the form of direct relief.
2- The movement began primarily in the United States and England.
3- There was a great leap in technological and scientific achievement.
4- Chaplains or almoners were appointed to administrate the church's mission to the poor.
5- Jane Addams was a founder of the U.S. Settlement House movement
8
LESSON 3
TYPES OF SOCIAL WORK
3.1. Child, family, and school social workers

Child, family, and school social workers provide social services and assistance to
improve the social and psychological functioning of children and their families and to
maximize the well-being of families and the academic functioning of children. They may
assist single parents, arrange adoptions, or help find foster homes for neglected, abandoned,
or abused children. Some specialize in services for senior citizens. These social workers
may run support groups for the children of aging parents; advise elderly people or family
members about housing, transportation, long-term care, and other services; and coordinate
and monitor these services. Through employee assistance programs, social workers may
help people cope with job-related pressures or with personal problems that affect the quality
of their work.
In schools, social workers often serve as the link between students families and the
school, working with parents, guardians, teachers, and other school officials to ensure
students reach their academic and personal potential. In addition, they address problems
such as misbehavior, truancy, and teenage pregnancy and advise teachers on how to cope
with difficult students. Increasingly, school social workers teach workshops to entire
classes.
Child, family, and school social workers may also be known as child welfare social
workers, family services social workers, child protective services social workers,
occupational social workers, or gerontology social workers. They often work for individual
and family services agencies, schools, or State or local governments.
3.2. Medical and public health social workers
Medical and public health social workers provide psychosocial support to people,
families, or vulnerable populations so they can cope with chronic, acute, or terminal
illnesses, such as Alzheimers disease, cancer, or AIDS. They also advise family caregivers,
counsel patients, and help plan for patients needs after discharge from hospitals. They may
arrange for at-home services, such as meals-on-wheels or home care. Some work on
interdisciplinary teams that evaluate certain kinds of patients - geriatric or organ transplant
patients, for example. Medical and public health social workers may work for hospitals,
nursing and personal care facilities, individual and family services agencies, or local
governments.
3.3. Mental health and substance abuse social workers
Mental health and substance abuse social workers assess and treat individuals with
mental illness or substance abuse problems, including abuse of alcohol, tobacco, or other
drugs. Such services include individual and group therapy, outreach, crisis intervention,
9
social rehabilitation, and teaching skills needed for everyday living. They also may help
plan for supportive services to ease clients return to the community. Mental health and
substance abuse social workers are likely to work in hospitals, substance abuse treatment
centers, individual and family services agencies, or local governments. These social
workers may be known as clinical social workers.
3.4. Other types of social workers
Other types of social workers include social work administrators, planners and
policymakers, who develop and implement programs to address issues such as child abuse,
homelessness, substance abuse, poverty, and violence. These workers research and analyze
policies, programs, and regulations. They identify social problems and suggest legislative
and other solutions. They may help raise funds or write grants to support these programs.
New words:
- assistance (v) : s gip
- psychological (adj) : tm l
- adoption (n) : vic nhn con nui
- abandon (v) : b ri
- abuse (v) : lm dng
- pressures (n) : p lc
- gerontology (n) : lo khoa
- vulnerable (adj) : d b tn thng
- acute (adj) : nghim trng
- transplant (v) : cy ghp
- therapy (n) : php cha bnh
- administrator (n) : nh qun l
- legislative (n) : lp php
EXERCISES
A B
1- misbehavor a- treatment
2- abandoned children b- children with no parents
3- truancy c- collect (money)
4- assess d- escaping from school
10
5- entire e- help
6- discharge f- help to do sth easily
7- ease g- leave
8- therapy h- person who look after patients at home
9- raise i- whole
10- family caregiver k- wrong action
II. Make two questions for each paragraph:

Paragraph 1- Who ?
Paragraph 2- With whom .?
Paragraph 3- What kind ?
Paragraph 4- Why..?
Paragraph 5- Whom ..?
Paragraph 6- What ?
III. What is the kind of social worker?
a- Child, family, and school social workers
b- Medical and public health social workers
c- Mental health and substance abuse social workers

d- Other types of social workers
1- Social workers help children the problems in social and physical function.
2- Social workers help ill people, disabled people.
3- Social workers help people with drug abuse problems.
4- Social workers help people with mental illness.
5- Social workers help children abandoned by their parents.
6- Social workers help 18-year-old pregnant girls
7- Social workers help wives beaten by their husbands.
8- Social workers help parents have meals-on-wheel.
IV. Summarize the main idea of the whole reading passage:
..
..
..
..
11
B. GRAMMAR:
Purpose: to-infinitive
Re-read the reading passage and complete the following sentences with the verbs in
the box:
1- Child, family, and school social workers provide social services and assistance to..
2- Social workers often serve as the link between students families and the school, working
with parents, guardians, teachers, and other school officials to .
3- School social workers teach workshops to classes.
4- Mental health and substance abuse social workers may help raise funds or write grants
to..
5- Other types of social workers include social work administrators, planners and
policymakers, who develop and implement programs to..
improve address entire

ensure ease
12
LESSON 4
WORK ENVIRONMENT EMPLOYMENT
4.1. Work environment
Social workers usually spend most of their time in an office or residential facility, but
they also may travel locally to visit clients, meet with service providers, or attend meetings.
Some may meet with clients in one of several offices within a local area. Social work, while
satisfying, can be challenging. Understaffing and large caseloads add to the pressure in
some agencies. To tend to patient care or client needs, many hospitals and long-term care
facilities employ social workers on teams with a broad mix of occupations, including
clinical specialists, registered nurses, and health aides. Full-time social workers usually
work a standard 40-hour week, but some occasionally work evenings and weekends to meet
with clients, attend community meetings, and handle emergencies. Some work part time,
particularly in voluntary nonprofit agencies.
4.2. Employment
Social workers held about 562,000 jobs in 2004. About 9 out of 10 jobs were in
health care and social assistance industries, as well as State and local governments agencies,
primarily in departments of health and human services. Although most social workers are
employed in cities or suburbs, some work in rural areas. The following tabulation shows
2004 employment by type of social workers:
Child, family, and school social workers 272,000
Medical and public health social workers 116,000
Mental health and substance abuse social workers 110,000
Social workers, all other 64.000
Social workers held about 595,000 jobs in 2006. About 5 out of 10 jobs were in
health care and social assistance industries and 3 out of 10 are employed by State and local
government agencies, primarily in departments of health and human services. Although
most social workers are employed in cities or suburbs, some work in rural areas. The
following tabulation shows 2006 employment by type of social workers:
Child, family, and school social workers 282,000
Medical and public health social workers 124,000
Mental health and substance abuse social workers 122,000
Social workers, all other 66,000
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New words:
- residential (adj) : c tr
- facility (n) : iu kin thun li
- satisfying (adj) : lm tho mn
- challenging (adj) : th thch
- tend (v) : p ng
- voluntary nonprofit agency : t chc phi li nhun tnh nguyn
- tabulation (n) : bng thng k
EXERCISES
I. Match the information in column B with the words in column A:
A B
a-one hundred and twenty four
1-Child, family, and school social workers
thousands
2-Medical and public health social b-two hundred and seventy two
2004
workers thousands
3-Mental health and substance abuse c-one hundred and twenty two
social workers thousands
4-Social workers, all other d-one hundred and sixteen thousands
5-Child, family, and school social workers e-one hundred and ten thousands
6-Medical and public health social
f-sixty six thousands
workers
2006
7-Mental health and substance abuse

g-sixty four thousands
social workers
8-Social workers, all other h-two hundred and eighty two
thousands
II. Answer the following questions:

1- How did the number of social workers increase within 2 years (from 2004-2006)?
2- Which group of social workers increased fastest?
III. True (T) or False (F)?
1- Social workers hardly spend most of their time in an office or residential facility
2- Several social workers may meet with clients in one of several offices within a local area.
14
3- Social work is interesting and not difficult.
4- Social workers are employed on teams with a broad mix of occupations in many hospitals
and long-term care facilities.
5- Full-time social workers usually work a standard 40-hour month.
6- Social workers are not allowed to work part-time.
7- Social workers have no free time because they always work on weekend days.
IV. Summarize the main idea of the whole reading passage.
B. GRAMMAR:
Comparison
Translate into English:
1- C nhiu nhn vin cng tc x hi (CTXH) vo nm 2004 hn nm 2006.
2- Ngnh CTXH th v nhng kh hn cc ngnh khc.
3- S lng nhn vin ca ngnh CTXH v sc kho tinh thn v lm dng cht gy nghin
tng nhanh nht.
4- Nhn vin CTXH chuyn v lm dng cht gy nghin c cng vic nguy him hn cc
ngnh khc.
5- Nhn vin CTXH phi kin nhn hn cc ngh khc.
6- Nhn vin CTXH lm vic bao nhiu gi mt tun?
7- Ti sao cng vic ca nhn vin CTXH li y th thch?
15
LESSON 5
TRAINING (1)
A bachelors degree is the minimum requirement for entry into the occupation, but
many positions require an advanced degree. All States and the District of Columbia have
some licensure, certification, or registration requirement, but the regulations vary.
Education and training. A bachelors degree in social work (BSW) is the most
common minimum requirement to qualify for a job as a social worker; however, majors in
psychology, sociology, and related fields may qualify for some entry-level jobs, especially
in small community agencies. Although a bachelors degree is sufficient for entry into the
field, an advanced degree has become the standard for many positions. A masters degree in
social work (MSW) is typically required for positions in health settings and is required for
clinical work as well. Some jobs in public and private agencies also may require an
advanced degree, such as a masters degree in social services policy or administration.
Supervisory, administrative, and staff training positions usually require an advanced degree.
College and university teaching positions and most research appointments normally require
a doctorate in social work (DSW or Ph.D.).
As of 2006, the Council on Social Work Education accredited 458 bachelors
programs and 181 masters programs. The Group for the Advancement of Doctoral
Education listed 74 doctoral programs in social work (DSW or Ph. D.) in the United States.
Bachelors degree programs prepare graduates for direct service positions, such as
caseworker, and include courses in social work values and ethics, dealing with a culturally
diverse clientele and at-risk populations, promotion of social and economic justice, human
behavior and the social environment, social welfare policy and services, social work
practice, social research methods, and field education. Accredited programs require a
minimum of 400 hours of supervised field experience.
Masters degree programs prepare graduates for work in their chosen field of
concentration and continue to develop the skills required to perform clinical assessments,
manage large caseloads, take on supervisory roles, and explore new ways of drawing upon
social services to meet the needs of clients. Masters programs last 2 years and include a
minimum of 900 hours of supervised field instruction or internship. A part-time program
may take 4 years. Entry into a masters program does not require a bachelors degree in
social work, but courses in psychology, biology, sociology, economics, political science,
and social work are recommended. In addition, a second language can be very helpful. Most
masters programs offer advanced standing for those with a bachelors degree from an
accredited social work program.
Licensure. All States and the District of Columbia have licensing, certification, or
registration requirements regarding social work practice and the use of professional titles.
Although standards for licensing vary by State, a growing number of States are placing
greater emphasis on communications skills, professional ethics, and sensitivity to cultural
16
diversity issues. Most States require 2 years (3,000 hours) of supervised clinical experience
for licensure of clinical social workers.
New words:
- bachelor (n) : c nhn - concentration (n) : s tp trung
- entry-level (n) : trnh u vo - perform (v) : trnh by

- recommend (v) : gi
- sufficient (adj) :
- license (v) : cp bng
- doctorate (n) : bng cp tin s
- diversity (n) : s a dng
- accredit (v) : cng nhn chnh thc
EXERCISES
I. What are the following abbreviations?
1- B.A. :
2- M.A. :
3- MSW :
4- Ph.D. :
5- DSW :
1- What is the minimum requirement for entry into the occupation of social work?
2- What kind of degree do colleges and universities normally require in social work?
3- Which organizations have licensing, certification, or registration requirements regarding
social work practice?
III.True (T) or False (F)?
1- Many positions require a degree of M.A or Ph.D.
2- When applying for some social work jobs, applicants majors must be in psychology,
sociology, and related fields.
3- University graduates are prepared for direct service positions.
4- Accredited programs require a minimum of 24,000 minuets of supervised field
experience
5- Second language is necessary for social work.
6- A part-time program may take about 6,000 hours.
7- The number of States which are placing greater emphasis on communications skills is
increasing.
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IV. Summarize the main idea of the whole reading passage.
.
B. GRAMMAR:
Verb Phrase (V + full infinitive, V+Ving)
1- Ti bi dng mt s k nng ngnh CTXH thc hnh nh gi tr liu.
2- Nhn vin CTXH phi tm ti nhng phng php mi p ng nhu cu ca khch
hng.
3- Chng ti mun theo hc kho hc Thc s v chuyn ngnh CTXH nhm nng cao kin
thc v cc chuyn mn chnh trong ngnh ca mnh.
4- Cc trng i Hc cn cc Tin S v chuyn ngnh CTXH ging dy cho sinh vin
thuc chuyn ngnh ny.
5- Sinh vin phi c kin thc ti thiu thuc chng trnh C nhn v CTXH c th
kin xin vic trong tng lai.
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LESSON 6
TRAINING - QUALIFICATIONS - ADVANCEMENT (2)
Other qualifications. Social workers should be emotionally mature, objective, and

sensitive to people and their problems. They must be able to handle responsibility, work
independently, and maintain good working relationships with clients and coworkers.
Volunteer or paid jobs as a social work aid can help people test their interest in this field.
Certification and advancement. The National Association of Social Workers offers
voluntary credentials. Social workers with a masters degree in social work may be eligible
for the Academy of Certified Social Workers (ACSW), the Qualified Clinical Social Worker
(QCSW), or the Diplomate in Clinical Social Work (DCSW) credential, based on their
professional experience. Credentials are particularly important for those in private practice;
some health insurance providers require social workers to have them in order to be
reimbursed for services.
Advancement to supervisor, program manager, assistant director, or executive
director of a social service agency or department usually requires an advanced degree and
related work experience. Other career options for social workers include teaching, research,
and consulting. Some of these workers also help formulate government policies by
analyzing and advocating policy positions in government agencies, in research institutions,
and on legislators staffs.
Some social workers go into private practice. Most private practitioners are clinical
social workers who provide psychotherapy, usually paid for through health insurance or by
the client themselves. Private practitioners must have at least a masters degree and a period
of supervised work experience. A network of contacts for referrals also is essential. Many
private practitioners split their time between working for an agency or hospital and working
in their private practice. They may continue to hold a position at a hospital or agency in
order to receive health and life insurance.
New words:
- objective (adj) : khch quan
- sensitive (adj) : nhy bn
- credential (n) : phm cht, giy chng nhn
- eligible (adj) : thch hp
- reimburse (v) : bi hon
- legislator (n) : thnh vin ca c quan lp php
- psychotherapy (n) : tr liu tm l
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EXERCISES
1- ACSW :
2- DCSW :
3- QCSW :

1-What kind of credentials may M.A social workers be eligible for?
2-How important are credentials in social work?
3-What are career options for social workers?
4-What kind of practice do social workers need to have?
III. What are the qualifications of social workers? YES (Y), NO (N)
1- Social workers must be able to handle responsibility, work dependently.
2- Social workers must maintain good working relationships with clients and coworkers.
3- Social workers should be emotionally mature to people and their problems.
4- Social workers should be objective, and sensitive to people and their problems.
5- Some social workers can not continue to hold a position at a hospital or agency in order
to receive health and life insurance.
6- Social workers have to get advanced degrees.
7- All social workers cannot help formulate government policies by analyzing and
advocating policy positions in government agencies.
8- Social workers can not work as a teacher in colleges or universities.
9- Most private practitioners are clinical social workers.
10- Many private practitioners have part-time work for an agency or hospital and working
in their private practice.
B. GRAMMAR:
Modal Verbs
I. Make questions for the following underlined parts.
1- Volunteer or paid jobs as a social work aid can help people test their interest in this field.
20
2- Private practitioners must have at least a masters degree.
3- Social workers with a masters degree in social work may be eligible for the Academy of
Certified Social Workers.
4- Other career options for social workers may include teaching, research, and consulting.
5- A network of contacts for referrals also is essential.
II. Translate into English:
1- Nhn vin CTXH nn c mi quan h tt vi khch hng.
2- Liu cc nhn vin CTXH c th lm vic tnh nguyn trong cc trng i Hc khng?
3- Nhn vin CTXH phi c th ni c nhiu th ting v h phi gp nhiu khch hng
thuc nhiu nn vn ho khc nhau.
4- S nhit tnh trong cng vic v s thng cm vi khch hng l nhng phm cht cn
thit ca nhn vin CTXH.
5- Nhn vin CTXH phi ch ng trong cng vic ca mnh.
21
LESSON 7
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORKERS
7.1. Introduction
In 1943 the National Association of Visiting Teachers (NAVT) became the American
Association of School Social Workers (AASSW), and in 1955 AASSW merged with six
other social work associations to form the National Association of Social Workers (NASW).
Thus, school social work has long been a vital part of the social work profession.
Recognition of the rights of people with disabilities; changes in the family unit; and the
effects of increasing social, economic, and academic pressures on children are some of the
forces that have significantly shaped school social work services. The value of school social
work intervention has increasingly been recognized through federal and state legislative
initiatives. In 1978 NASW developed Standards for School Social Work Services that have
served as guidelines to the development of school social work. Because it is essential that
these standards reflect and promote professionally sound practice, they have been revised,
first in 1992 and again in 2002, to reflect changing practices and policies. These standards
will be met only through the combined efforts of concerned educators, school social
workers, and community leaders.
7.2. Definitions
Case management. Organizing, coordinating, and sustaining activities and services
designed to optimize the functioning of students and/or families.
Competence. The synthesis of professional behaviors that integrate knowledge,
skills, and activities in the performance of the tasks of school social work. Competence in
school social work includes all relevant educational and experiential requirements,
demonstrated ability through meeting licensing and certification requirements, and the
ability to carry out work assignments and achieve goals while adhering to the values and the
code of ethics of the profession.
Certified school social work specialist. A social worker meeting the requirements for
a School Social Work Specialist certification issued by the National Association of Social
Workers.
Credentialed or licensed school social worker. A social worker meeting the
requirements for a school social worker as established by the state board of education or
other state entity that licenses or certifies educational personnel, or professional social
workers.
22
Cultural competence. Congruent behaviors, attitudes, and skills enabling an
individual to work effectively in cross-cultural situations.
Ecological perspective. The perspective of the interaction of the child and family and
their willing to provide the leadership and teamwork necessary to ensure high-quality
professional services to schools, students, and families. For many school systems, these
standards will reinforce current practices. For others, they will provide a challenge and a
goal to be achieved. For school social workers, they both validate the uniqueness and
diversity of school social work as a specialty practice area and affirm the value of school
social work in enabling students to achieve maximum benefits from their educational
experiences. Important concepts include adaptation, transactions, goodness of fit between
the students and their educational environments, reciprocity, and mutuality.
Family. The parent(s), guardian, custodian, or other person acting in loco parentis of
a child.
Functional behavioral assessment. An approach to assessment that enhances
understanding of the purpose and effect of the behavior(s) of concern and provides
information that is useful in the development of effective interventions.
Human services. Programs and activities designed to enhance peoples development
and well-being. Basic human services include personal social services, health, education,
housing, income, and justice and public safety.
Local education agency. The local public agency responsible for operating the
educational program. In some states, responsibility for provision of special education
programs has been assigned to entities called intermediate units, area education agencies,
educational service units, and so forth.
Mediation. A collaborative problem-solving process in which a neutral third party
guides a discussion intended to help the parties in the dispute define the issues, obtain
relevant information, and generate reasonable options for resolution.
Practice modalities. Specific treatment interventions used by the school social
worker or other practitioner to help the student, family, or other identified client system
reach a desired goal or outcome. Intervention strategies may include casework; group work;
individual, group, or family counseling or therapy; community organization; crisis
intervention; advocacy; staff training; policy development; and program coordination.
Prevention. Efforts undertaken by school social workers and others to minimize or
eliminate the social, psychological, or other conditions known to cause or contribute to
physical and emotional illness and some socioeconomic problems. Prevention efforts may
include actions taken by school social workers and others that would prevent problems from
occurring (primary prevention); limit the extent or severity of the problem (secondary
prevention); or assist in recuperating from the effects of the problem and developing
sufficient strengths and skills to preclude its return (tertiary prevention).
23
Professional practice. The ethical principles, provision of services, and
responsibilities that school social workers are expected to maintain.
School social work. Social work services provided in the setting of an educational
agency by credentialed or licensed school social workers. This specialty in social work is
oriented toward helping students make satisfactory adjustments and coordinating and
influencing the efforts of the school, the family, and the community to achieve this goal.
Student. Any person legally mandated by the state to be enrolled in an educational
program or eligible to be enrolled.
New words:
- association (n) : hip hi - fit (n) : s trng khp
- initiatives (n) : quyn ch ng - reciprocity(n) : tng h
- mutuality (n) : s tc ng qua
- intervention (n) : s can thip
li
- coordinate (n) : s phi hp
- guardian (n) : ngi u
- sustaining (n) : duy tr
- custodian (n) : ngi chm sc
- ecological (adj) : mi trng - loco parentis (n) : ng vai tr
- perspective (n) : kha cnh, trin vng nh l b m
- validate (v) : cng nhn c gi tr - optimize (v) : nh gi mt
- adaptation (n) : s thch nghi cch lc quan
- transaction (n) : s giao dch

EXERCISES
1- NAVT :
2- NASW :
3- AASSW :
24
II. Match the definitions in column B with the words in column A:
A B
1- Case management
a- The perspective of the interaction of the child and family and
2- Competence
their willing to provide the leadership and teamwork.
3- Certified school social
b- The synthesis of professional behaviors that integrate
work specialist knowledge, skills, and activities in the performance of the tasks of
4- Credentialed or school social work.
licensed school social c- A social worker meeting the requirements for a school social
worker worker as established by the state board of education or other state
5- Ecological
entity.
perspective
d-The local public agency responsible for operating the
6- Family
educational program
7- Functional behavioral
assessment e- An approach to assessment that enhances understanding of the
8- Human services purpose and effect of the behavior(s) of concern and provides
9- Local education information that is useful in the development of effective
agency interventions.
10- Mediation f- A social worker meeting the requirements for a School Social
11- Practice modalities Work Specialist certification issued by the NASW.
12- Prevention
g- The parent(s), guardian, custodian, or other person acting in
13- Professional practice
loco parentis of a child.
14- School social work
15- Student h- Programs and activities designed to enhance peoples
development and well-being.
i- The ethical principles, provision of services, and responsibilities
that school social workers are expected to maintain.
k- A collaborative problem-solving process in which a neutral
third party guides a discussion intended to help the parties in the
dispute define the issues.
l- Specific treatment interventions used by the school social
worker or other practitioner to help the student, family, or other
identified client system reach a desired goal or outcome.
m- Social work services provided in the setting of an educational
agency by credentialed or licensed school social workers.
n- Any person legally mandated by the state to be enrolled in an
educational program or eligible to be enrolled.
o- Efforts undertaken by school social workers and others to
minimize or eliminate the social, psychological, or other
conditions.
p- Organizing, coordinating, and sustaining activities and services
designed to optimize the functioning of students and/or families.
25
III. Answer the following questions:
1- What is the function of NASW?
2- What are Standards for School Social Work Services served for?
IV. True (T) or False (F)

1- In 1943 the National Association of Visiting Teachers (NAVT) became the American
Association of School Social Workers.
2- In 1955 AASSW merged with six other social work associations to form the National
Association of Social Workers.
3- In 1978 NASW developed Standards for School Social Work Services that have served
as guidelines to the development of school social work.
4- School social work has long been a vital part of the social work profession.
5- Social workers have to get advanced degrees.
B. GRAMMAR:
Relative Clauses
Translate into English using the relative clause to combine the following pairs of
sentences:
1- CTXH c nhiu thanh nin a thch. CTXH l mt ngh kh.
2- Tiu ch cho dch v CTXH rt quan trng i vi s pht trin ca CTXH hc ng.
Tiu ch ny c Nasa a ra vo nm 1978.
3- Nhn vin CTXH chnh quy l ngi p ng cc yu cu v chng ch chuyn v ngnh
CTXH.
4- Cc dch v i sng con ngi l nhng chng trnh v hot ng c thit k nhm
nng cao i sng ca con ngi.
5- T chc gio dc a phng l mt t chc c t chc ti mt vng no v c
trch nhim iu hnh chng trnh gio dc a phng.
6- Phng nga l nhng c gng ca ngi lm cng tc x hi nhm gim thiu nhng
nguyn nhn gy ra bnh v tm l v tnh cm.
26
LESSON 8
STANDARDS FOR PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Professional preparation defines the level of training required for school social work
practice. Professional development refers to the enhancement of basic knowledge and skills
that requires ongoing effort by school social workers.
Standard 1
School social workers shall meet the provisions for practice set by NASW.
Standard 2
School social workers shall possess knowledge and understanding basic to the social work
profession.
Standard 3
School social workers shall understand the backgrounds and broad range of experiences that
shape students approaches to learning.
Standard 4
School social workers shall possess knowledge and understanding of the organization and
structure of the local education agency.
Standard 5
School social workers shall possess knowledge and understanding of the reciprocal
influences of home, school, and community.
Standard 6
School social workers shall possess skills in systematic assessment and investigation.
Standard 7
School social workers shall understand the relationship between practice and policies
affecting students.
Standard 8
School social workers shall be able to select and apply empirically validated or promising
prevention and intervention methods to enhance students educational experiences.
Standard 9
School social workers shall be able to evaluate their practice and disseminate the findings to
consumers, the local education agency, the community, and the profession.
Standard 10
School social workers shall possess skills in developing coalitions at the local, state, and
national levels that promote student success.
Standard 11
School social workers shall be able to promote collaboration among community health and
mental health services providers and facilitate student access to these services.
Standard 12
27
School social workers shall assume responsibility for their own continued professional
development in accordance with the NASW Standards for Continuing Professional
Education and state requirements.
Standard 13
School social workers shall contribute to the development of the profession by educating
and supervising school social work interns.
New words:
- professional (adj) : mang tnh ngh nghip, chuyn mn
- define (v) : xc nh
- enhancement (n) : s tng cng
- ongoing (adj) : khng ngng
- provision (n) : s cung cp
- systematic (adj) : c h thng
- assessment (n) : s nh gi
- investigation (n) : s iu tra
- empirical (adj) : thc nghim thc tin
- validate (v) : c hiu lc
- disseminate (v) : ph bin
- coalition (n) : s lin kt
- collaboration (n) : s hp tc
- facilitate (n) : to iu kin thun li
EXERCISES
I. Answer the following questions:
1- What is the Professional Preparation?
2- Why must a social work satisfy the standards for professional preparation and
development?
28
II. Match the definitions in column B with the words in column A:
A B
a- School social workers shall assume responsibility for their own
continued professional development in accordance with the 1-Standard 1
NASW Standards for Continuing Professional Education and 2-Standard 2
state requirements. 3- Standard 3
b- School social workers shall be able to evaluate their practice 4- Standard 4
and disseminate the findings to consumers, the local education 5-Standard 5
agency, the community, and the profession. 6- Standard 6
c- School social workers shall be able to promote collaboration 7- Standard 7
among community health and mental health services providers 8- Standard 8
and facilitate student access to these services. 9- Standard 9
d- School social workers shall be able to select and apply 10- Standard 10
empirically validated or promising prevention and intervention 11- Standard 11
methods to enhance students educational experiences. 12- Standard 12
e- School social workers shall contribute to the development of the 13- Standard 13
profession by educating and supervising school social work
interns.
f- School social workers shall meet the provisions for practice set
by NASW.
g- School social workers shall possess knowledge and
understanding basic to the social work profession.
h- School social workers shall possess knowledge and
understanding of the organization and structure of the local
education agency.
i- School social workers shall possess knowledge and
understanding of the reciprocal influences of home, school, and
community.
k- School social workers shall possess skills in developing
coalitions at the local, state, and national levels that promote
student success.
l- School social workers shall possess skills in systematic
assessment and investigation.
m- School social workers shall understand the backgrounds and
broad range of experiences that shape students approaches to
learning.
n- School social workers shall understand the relationship between
practice and policies affecting students.
29
III. Complete the following blanks with only one word:
1- School social workers shall be (responsible/ suitable) for their own continued
professional development in accordance with the NASW Standards for Continuing
Professional Education and state requirements.
2- School social workers shall be able to (have/ assess) their practice and disseminate the
findings to consumers, the local education agency, the community, and the profession.
3- School social workers shall be able to (develop/ decrease) collaboration among
community health and mental health services providers and facilitate student access to
these services.
4- School social workers shall be able to (choose/ analyze) and apply empirically validated
or promising prevention and intervention methods to enhance students educational
experiences.
5- School social workers shall give (contribute/ contribution) to the development of the
profession by educating and supervising school social work interns.
6- School social workers shall (satisfy/ need) the provisions for practice set by NASW.
7- School social workers shall (provide/ have) knowledge and understanding basic to the
social work profession.
B. GRAMMAR:
Relative Clause - Be able to
I. Translate into English using the relative clause to combine the ideas:
1- Nhng ngi lm cng tc x hi l ngi c chuyn ngnh l cng tc x hi.
2- Khch hng ca ngi lm cng tc x hi l nhng ngi c hon cnh cuc sng kh
khn.
3- Trng chng ta c nhiu tnh nguyn vin CTXH v mt trong s l ngi nc
ngoi.
4- Nhn vin CTXH c nhiu khch hng. Mt s khch hng l tr em m ci, khng nh
ca.
5- C nhiu lp hc CTXH trong trng chng ta. Hu ht cc phng c trang b hin
i.
II. Translate into English using be able to:
1- Nhn vin CTXH s c th xin vic nhng t chc quc t.
2- T trc ti nay nhn vin CTXH c th gip nhiu bnh nhn c bnh v tinh
thn.
3- Cc khch hng ca nhn vin cng tc x hi ny c th ho nhp vo cng ng t
thng trc.
4- Nhn vin CTXXH hc ng s phi c trch nhim v s hp tc gia ph huynh, gia
nh v cng ng.
5- Nhn vin CTXH s phi c kin thc v hiu bit tt v iu tra x hi phi khng?
30
LESSON 9
TYPES OF PROFESSIONAL INTERVENTION
There are three general categories or levels of intervention. The first is "Macro"
social work which involves society or communities as a whole. This type of social work
practice would include policy forming and advocacy on a national or international scale.
The second level of intervention is described as "Mezzo" social work practice. This level
would involve work with agencies, small organizations, and other small groups. This
practice would include policy making within a social work agency or developing programs
for a particular neighborhood. The final level is the "Micro" level that involves service to
individuals and families.
There are a wide variety of activities that can be considered social work and
professional social workers are employed in many different types of environments. In
general, social workers employed in clinical or direct practice work on a micro level. Social
workers who serve in community practice are occupied in the mezzo or macro levels of
social work. The following lists detail some of the types of jobs that social workers may do.
Types of clinical or direct practice Play therapy

Psychoanalysis
Aging or gerontology Psychosocial and psychoeducational
o Nursing home interventions
o Hospice Relationship counseling and interpersonal
o Reminiscence therapy counseling
Anti-poverty Relationship education
o Income assistance School social work
o Job training/placement Substance abuse
o Food bank programs Violence prevention
o Housing and homelessness
Anti-racism Types of community practice
Assessment and diagnosis
Case management
Academic
Child welfare
Community development
o Adoption
Community economic development
o Child abuse
o Foster care Community education
Clinical supervision Community organizing
Counseling or psychotherapy Critical social work
Crisis intervention International development
Disability services Management
Domestic violence Mediation
Employee assistance programs Neighborhood development
Family planning Policy advocacy
Family therapy/Family interventions Policy analysis
Forensic social work Political participation
Group therapy or other group work Program development
Immigrant and refugee services and supports Program evaluation
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender Research
supports Social action
Medical social work Social movement
Person centered planning Social planning
31
New words:
- category (n) : loi
- reminiscence (n) : hi tng
- intervention (n) : s can thip
- anti-racism (n) : chng phn bit
- advocacy (n) : s ng h
- micro (n) : rt nh, vi m chng tc
- mezzo (n) : va phi, trung - forensic (n) : lin qua ti to n
- occupy (v) : chim gi - refugee (n) : ngi t nn
- hospice (n) : tri t bn - lesbian (n) : ng tnh n
I. Answer the following questions:
1- How many kinds of general categories of intervention are there in social work? What are
they?
2- What kinds of social workers work on a micro level?
3- What kinds of social workers work on a mezzo or macro level?
II. What types of clinical or direct practice do these jobs belong to:
A- Gerontology B- Anti-poverty C- Child welfare
6- Housing and homeless

1- Nursing home
7- Child abuse
2- Adoption
3- Income assistance 8- Remininscence
4- Food bank programs 9- Job training
5- Foster care 10- Hospice
III. What are the types of practice?

1-Types of clinical or direct practice
2-Types of community practice
1. Academic
2. Clinical supervision
3. Community development
4. Community economic development
5. Community education
6. Community organizing
7. Counseling or psychotherapy
8. Crisis intervention
9. Critical social work
10. Disability services
11. Domestic violence
12. Employee assistance programs
13. Family planning
32
14. Family therapy/Family interventions
15. Forensic social work
16. Group therapy or other group work
17. Immigrant and refugee services and supports
18. International development
19. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender supports
20. Management
B. GRAMMAR:
Participial phrase
1- CTXH bao gm cc cng vic gip ngi hon nn.
2- CTXH l ngnh bao gm nhiu hot ng khc nhau.
3- Nhn vin CTXH tham gia cc hot ng lin quan c ba cp ca CTXH.
4- Ngnh CTXH v m l loi thc hnh c miu t l cng vic tm quc gia hay quc
t.
5- Nhn vin CTXH c thu lm vic trong lnh vc thc hnh cng ng l ngi lm
vic trong loi CTXH vi m.
33
LESSON 10
CONTEMPORARY PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Main article: Social work knowledge building
The International Federation of Social Workers states, of social work today, "social
work bases its methodology on a systematic body of evidence-based knowledge derived
from research and practice evaluation, including local and indigenous knowledge specific to
its context. It recognizes the complexity of interactions between human beings and their
environment, and the capacity of people both to be affected by and to alter the multiple
influences upon them including bio-psychosocial factors. The social work profession draws
on theories of human development and behaviour and social systems to analyze complex
situations and to facilitate individual, organizational, social and cultural changes."
The current state of social work professional development is characterized by two
realities. There is a great deal of traditional social and psychological research (both
qualitative and quantitative) being carried out primarily by university-based researchers and
by researchers based in institutes, foundations, or social service agencies. Meanwhile, many
social work practitioners continue to look to their own experience for knowledge. This is a
continuation of the debate that has persisted since the outset of the profession in the first
decade of the twentieth century. One reason for the gap between information obtained
through practice, opposed to through research, is that practitioners deal with situations that
are unique and idiosyncratic, while research concentrates on similarities. The combining of
these two types of knowledge is often imperfect. A hopeful development for bridging this
gap is the compilation, in many practice fields, of collections of "best practices" which
attempt to distill research findings and the experience of respected practitioners into
effective practice techniques. Although social work has roots in the informatics revolution,
an important contemporary development in the profession is overcoming suspicion of
technology and taking advantage of the potential of information technology to empower
clients.
New words:
- body (n) : t chc
- indigenous (adj) : bn a
- capacity (n) : kh nng
- alter (v) : thay i
- bio-psychosocial (adj): tm sinh l
- foundation (n) : t chc
- practitioner (n) : ngi ang hnh ngh
- persist (v) : c dai dng
34
- outset (v) : bt u
- idiosyncratic (adj) : phong cch ring
- compilation (n) : s bin son
- distill (v) : thu c
- revolution (n) : cuc cch mng
- overcome (v) : khc phc
- empower (v) : trao quyn hnh hp php
EXERCISES
I. Give synonyms for the following words:
1- imperfect
2- specific ..
3- complexity ..
4- professional ..
5- similarities .
1- What does social work base its methodology on?
2- What are realities by which the current state of social work professional development is
characterized?
III. Which word has the same meaning as each of the underlined words:
1- Social work bases its methodology on a systematic body of evidence-based knowledge
derived from research and practice evaluation.
a- originated b-organized
2- It recognizes the complexity of interaction between human beings and their environment.
a-reciprocal behaviors b- reciprocal influence
3- The capacity of people both to be affected by and to alter the multiple influences upon
them including bio-psychosocial factors.
a-influenced/ change b-fluent/ add
4- Social work has roots in the informatics revolution.
a-origin b- orange
5- One reason for the gap between information obtained through practice, opposed to
through research, is that practitioners deal with situations that are unique and idiosyncratic,
while research concentrates on similarities.
a- hole b- differences
35
B. GRAMMAR:
Questions - Passive voice
I. Make questions for the underlined parts:
1- The social work profession draws on the theories of human development.
2- There is a great deal of translation social and psychological research.
3- Many social worker practitioners continue to look to their own experience for knowledge.
4- The combining of these two types of knowledge is often imperfect.
5- A hopeful development for bridging this gap is the compilation.
II. Translate into English:
1- L thuyt v s pht trin ca con ngi ang c nhn vin CTXH s dng trong
chuyn ngnh.
2- Cc tnh hung phc tp c nhn vin CTXH phn tch nh l thuyt h thng x hi
v hnh vi ng x.
3- Cc kt qu nghin cu v kinh nghim ca cc nh thc hnh c ting c thu thp cho
cc nhn vin CTXH sau ny.
4- Nhng im yu v im mnh ca cng ngh thng tin c khc phc nh cch
mng tin hc.
36
FURTHER READINGS
1. Ethical Principles
The following broad ethical principles are based on social works core values of service,
social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity,
and competence. These principles set forth ideals to which all social workers should aspire.
Value: Service
Ethical Principle: Social workers primary goal is to help people in need and to
address social problems.
Social workers elevate service to others above self-interest. Social workers draw on their
knowledge, values, and skills to help people in need and to address social problems. Social
workers are encouraged to volunteer some portion of their professional skills with no
expectation of significant financial return (pro bono service).
Value: Social Justice
Ethical Principle: Social workers challenge social injustice.
Social workers pursue social change, particularly with and on behalf of vulnerable and
oppressed individuals and groups of people. Social workers social change efforts are
focused primarily on issues of poverty, unemployment, discrimination, and other forms of
social injustice. These activities seek to promote sensitivity to and knowledge about
oppression and cultural and ethnic diversity. Social workers strive to ensure access to
needed information, services, and resources; equality of opportunity; and meaningful
participation in decision making for all people.
Value: Dignity and Worth of the Person Ethical Principle: Social workers respect the
inherent dignity and worth of the person.
Social workers treat each person in a caring and respectful fashion, mindful of individual
differences and cultural and ethnic diversity. Social workers promote clients socially
responsible self-determination. Social workers seek to enhance clients capacity and
opportunity to change and to address their own needs. Social workers are cognizant of their
dual responsibility to clients and to the broader society. They seek to resolve conflicts
between clients interests and the broader societys interests in a socially responsible
manner consistent with the values, ethical principles, and ethical standards of the profession.
Value: Importance of Human Relationships
Ethical Principle: Social workers recognize the central importance of human
relationships.
Social workers understand that relationships between and among people are an important
vehicle for change. Social workers engage people as partners in the helping process. Social
workers seek to strengthen relationships among people in a purposeful effort to promote,
restore, maintain, and enhance the well-being of individuals, families, social groups,
organizations, and communities.
37
Value: Integrity
Ethical Principle: Social workers behave in a trustworthy manner.
Social workers are continually aware of the professions mission, values, ethical principles,
and ethical standards and practice in a manner consistent with them. Social workers act
honestly and responsibly and promote ethical practices on the part of the organizations with
which they are affiliated.
Value: Competence
Ethical Principle: Social workers practice within their areas of competence and
develop and enhance their professional expertise.
Social workers continually strive to increase their professional knowledge and skills and to
apply them in practice. Social workers should aspire to contribute to the knowledge base of
the profession. These ethical principles are part of the Code of Ethics of the National
Association of Social Workers, approved by the 1996 NASW Delegate Assembly and
revised by the 1999 NASW Delegate Assembly. The complete text of the Code is available
on request from NASW or at www.socialworkers.org. *The complete text of the NASW
Standards for Cultural Competence in Social Work Practice and the NASW Standards for
Continuing Professional Education is available on request from NASW or at
www.socialworkers.org. Adopted by the NASW Board of Directors June 28, 2002
2. Role of the professional social worker

Main article: Role of the professional social worker
Professional social workers have a strong tradition of working for social justice and
of refusing to recreate unequal social structures. The main tasks of professional social
workers can include a variety of services such as case management (linking clients with
agencies and programs that will meet their psychosocial needs), medical social work,
counseling (psychotherapy), human services management, social welfare policy analysis,
community organizing, advocacy, teaching (in schools of social work), and social science
research. Professional social workers work in a variety of settings, including: non-profit or
public social service agencies, grassroots advocacy organizations, hospitals, hospices,
community health agencies, schools, faith-based organizations, and even the military. Some
social workers work as psychotherapists, counselors, or mental health practitioners, often
working in collaboration with psychiatrists, psychologists, or other medical professionals.
Social workers may also work independently as private practice psychotherapists in the
United States and are able to bill most third party payers such as insurance companies.
Additionally, some social workers focus their efforts on social policy or conduct academic
research into the practice or ethics of social work. The emphasis has varied among these
task areas by historical era and country. Some of these areas have been the subject of
controversy as to whether they are properly part of social work's mission.
38
A variety of settings employ social workers, including governmental departments
(especially in the areas of child and family welfare, mental health, correctional services, and
education departments), hospitals, non-government welfare agencies and private practice -
working independently as counselors, family therapists or researchers.
3. JOB OUTLOOK
Employment for social workers is expected grow much faster than the average for all
occupations through 2016. Job prospects are expected to be favorable, particularly for social
workers who specialize in the aging population or work in rural areas.
Employment change. Employment of social workers is expected to increase by 22
percent during the 2006-16 decade, which is much faster than the average for all
occupations. The growing elderly population and the aging baby boom generation will
create greater demand for health and social services, resulting in rapid job growth among
gerontology social workers. Employment of social workers in private social service
agencies also will increase. However, agencies increasingly will restructure services and
hire more social and human service assistants, who are paid less, instead of social workers.
Employment in State and local government agencies may grow somewhat in response to
growing needs for public welfare, family services, and child protective services, but many
of these services will be contracted out to private agencies. Employment levels in public and
private social services agencies may fluctuate, depending on need and government funding
levels.
Opportunities for social workers in private practice will expand, but growth may be
somewhat hindered by restrictions that managed care organizations put on mental health
services. The growing popularity of employee assistance programs is expected to spur
demand for private practitioners, some of whom provide social work services to
corporations on a contractual basis. However, the popularity of employee assistance
programs will fluctuate with the business cycle because businesses are not likely to offer
these services during recessions.
Job prospects. Job prospects are generally expected to be favorable. Many job
openings will stem from growth and the need to replace social workers who leave the
occupation. However, competition for social worker jobs is expected in cities, where
training programs for social workers are prevalent. Opportunities should be good in rural
areas, which often find it difficult to attract and retain qualified staff. By specialty, job
prospects may be best for those social workers with a background in gerontology and
substance abuse treatment.
Employment of child, family and school social workers is expected to grow by 19
percent, which is faster than the average for all occupations. One of the major contributing
factors is the rise in the elderly population. Social workers, particularly family social
workers, will be needed to assist in finding the best care for the aging and to support their
39
families. Furthermore, demand for school social workers will increase and lead to more jobs
as efforts are expanded to respond to rising student enrollments as well as the continued
emphasis on integrating disabled children into the general school population. There could be
competition for school social work jobs in some areas because of the limited number of
openings. The availability of Federal, State, and local funding will be a major factor in
determining the actual job growth in schools. The demand for child and family social
workers may also be tied to the availability of government funding.
Mental health and substance abuse social workers will grow by 30 percent, which is
much faster than the average, over the 2006-16 decade. In particular, social workers
specializing in substance abuse will experience strong demand. Substance abusers are
increasingly being placed into treatment programs instead of being sentenced to prison.
Also, growing numbers of the substance abusers sentenced to prison or probation are,
increasingly being required by correctional systems to have substance abuse treatment
added as a condition to their sentence or probation. As this trend grows, demand will
strengthen for treatment programs and social workers to assist abusers on the road to
recovery.
Growth of medical and public health social workers is expected to be 24 percent,
which is much faster than the average for all occupations. Hospitals continue to limit the
length of patient stays, so the demand for social workers in hospitals will grow more slowly
than in other areas. But hospitals are releasing patients earlier than in the past, so social
worker employment in home health care services is growing. However, the expanding
senior population is an even larger factor. Employment opportunities for social workers
with backgrounds in gerontology should be good in the growing numbers of assisted-living
and senior-living communities. The expanding senior population also will spur demand for
social workers in nursing homes, long-term care facilities, and hospices. However, in these
settings other types of workers are often being given tasks that were previously done by
social workers.
Projections data from the National Employment Matrix
Projected Change, 2006-

Occupational SOC Employment, employment, 16 Detailed
title Code 2006 2016 Number Percent statistics
21- zipped
Social workers 595,000 727,000 132,000 22 PDF
1020 XLS
Child, family,
21- zipped
and school social 282,000 336,000 54,000 19 PDF
1021 XLS
workers
40
Projections data from the National Employment Matrix
Projected Change, 2006-

Occupational SOC Employment, employment, 16 Detailed
title Code 2006 2016 Number Percent statistics
Medical and
21- zipped
public health 124,000 154,000 30,000 24 PDF
1022 XLS
social workers
Mental health
and substance 21- zipped
122,000 159,000 37,000 30 PDF
abuse social 1023 XLS
workers
Social workers, 21- zipped
66,000 78,000 12,000 18 PDF
all other 1029 XLS
.
4. EARNINGS
Median annual earnings of child, family, and school social workers were $37,480 in
May 2006. The middle 50 percent earned between $29,590 and $49,060. The lowest 10
percent earned less than $24,480, and the top 10 percent earned more than $62,530. Median
annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of child, family, and school
social workers in May 2006 were:
Elementary and secondary schools $48,360
Local government 43,500
State government 39,000
Individual and family services 32,680
Other residential care facilities 32,590

Median annual earnings of medical and public health social workers were $43,040 in
May 2006. The middle 50 percent earned between $34,110 and $53,740. The lowest 10
percent earned less than $27,280, and the top 10 percent earned more than $64,070. Median
annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of medical and public
health social workers in May 2006 were:
General medical and surgical hospitals $48,420
Home health care services 44,470
41
Local government 41,590
Nursing care facilities 38,550
Median annual earnings of mental health and substance abuse social workers were
$35,410 in May 2006. The middle 50 percent earned between $27,940 and $45,720. The
lowest 10 percent earned less than $22,490, and the top 10 percent earned more than
$57,630. Median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of mental
health and substance abuse social workers in May 2006 were:
Local government $39,550
Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals 39,240
Residential mental retardation, mental health and

30,590
substance abuse facilities
Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers 34,290
Median annual earnings of social workers, all other were $43,580 in May 2006. The
middle 50 percent earned between $32,530 and $56,420. The lowest 10 percent earned less
than $25,540, and the top 10 percent earned more than $68,500. Median annual earnings in
the industries employing the largest numbers of social workers, all other in May 2006 were:
Local government $46,330
State government 45,070

About 20 percent of social workers are members of a union. Many belong to the union that
represents workers in other occupations at their place of employment.
5. PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS

(Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Edition )
Through direct counseling or referral to other services, social workers help people
solve a range of personal problems. Workers in occupations with similar duties include the
clergy, counselors, probation officers and correctional treatment specialists, psychologists,
and social and human services assistants.
42
Audio-visual collections specialists (O*NET 25-9011.00)
Prepare, plan, and operate audio-visual teaching aids for use in education. May
record, catalogue, and file audio-visual materials.
2006 employment: 7,300
Projected 2006-16 employment change: Decline rapidly
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Bachelor's degree
Clergy (O*NET 21-2011.00)
Conduct religious worship and perform other spiritual functions associated with
beliefs and practices of religious faith or denomination. Provide spiritual and moral
guidance and assistance to members.
Projected 2006-16 employment change: Faster than average
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Masters degree
Dietetic technicians (O*NET 29-2051.00)
Assist dieticians in the provision of food service and nutritional programs. Under the
supervision of dieticians, may plan and produce meals based on established guidelines,
teach principles of food and nutrition, or counsel individuals.
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Postsecondary
vocational award
Directors, religious activities and education (O*NET 21-2021.00)
Direct and coordinate activities of a denominational group to meet religious needs of

students. Plan, direct, or coordinate church school programs designed to promote religious
education among church membership. May provide counseling and guidance relative to
marital, health, financial, or religious problems.
43
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Bachelors degree
Farm and home management advisors (O*NET 25-9021.00)
Advise, instruct, and assist individuals and families engaged in agriculture,

agricultural-related processes, or home economics activities. Demonstrate procedures and
apply research findings to solve problems; instruct and train in product development, sales,
and the utilization of machinery and equipment to promote general welfare. Include county
agricultural agents, feed and farm management advisors, home economists, and extension
service advisors.
Projected 2006-16 employment change: More slowly than average
Law clerks (O*NET 23-2092.00)
Assist lawyers or judges by researching or preparing legal documents. May meet

with clients or assist lawyers and judges in court. Excludes lawyers, and paralegal and legal
assistants.
Projected 2006-16 employment change: Little or no change
Mathematical technicians (O*NET 15-2091.00)
Apply standardized mathematical formulas, principles, and methodology to

technological problems in engineering and physical sciences in relation to specific industrial
and research objectives, processes, equipment, and products.
Projected 2006-16 employment change: About as fast as average
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Masters degree
44
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers (O*NET 27-1026.00)
Plan and erect commercial displays, such as those in windows and interiors of retail
stores and at trade exhibitions.
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Moderate-term on-
the-job training
Orthotists and prosthetists (O*NET 29-2091.00)
Assist patients with disabling conditions of limbs and spine, or with partial or total
absence of limb, by fitting and preparing orthopedic braces and prostheses.
Psychiatric technicians (O*NET 29-2053.00)
Care for mentally impaired or emotionally disturbed individuals, following physician

instructions and hospital procedures. Monitor patients physical and emotional well-being
and report to medical staff. May participate in rehabilitation and treatment programs, help
with personal hygiene, and administer oral medications and hypodermic injections.
Projected 2006-16 employment change: Decline slowly
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Postsecondary
vocational award
Set and exhibit designers (O*NET 27-1027.00)
45
Design special exhibits and movie, television, and theater sets. May study scripts,
confer with directors, and conduct research to determine appropriate architectural styles.
Social science research assistants (O*NET 19-4061.00)
Assist social scientists in laboratory, survey, and other social research. May perform
publication activities, laboratory analysis, quality control, or data management. Normally
these individuals work under the direct supervision of a social scientist and assist in those
activities which are more routine. Excludes graduate teaching assistants, who both teach and
do research.
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Associate degree
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers (O*NET 23-2093.00)
Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance
details for a variety of purposes. May compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other
instruments pertaining to titles by searching public and private records for law firms, real
estate agencies, or title insurance companies.
Projected 2006-16 employment change: Little or no change
Most significant source of postsecondary education or training: Moderate-term on-
the-job training
46
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Chn dung cn b x hi trong hot ng h tr x hi i vi tr thiu s chm sc
ca gia nh, 2008.
2. Child & Family Social Work, 2009 (13-10-2009).
3. Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2008.

4. Femmie Juffer and Wendy Tieman, Being adopted: Internationally adopted childrens
interest and feelings, International Social Work 2009 52: 635-647.
5. International Social Work 2009 52: 595-607.
6. Jess Palacios, Maite Romn, Carmen Moreno, and Esperanza Len, Family context for
emotional recovery in internationally adopted children, International Social Work 2009
52: 609-620.
7. Jini L. Roby and Jim Ife, Human rights, politics and inter-country adoption: An
examination of two sending countries, International Social Work 2009 52: 661-671.
8. Jonathan Dickens Social policy approaches to inter-country adoption
9. Kathleen Ja Sook Bergquist, Operation Babylift or Babyabduction?: Implications of the
Hague Convention on the humanitarian evacuation and rescue of children,
International Social Work 2009 52: 621-633.
10. Kelley McCreery Bunkers, Victor Groza, and Daniel P. Lauer, International adoption
and child protection in Guatemala: A case of the tail wagging the dog, International
Social Work 2009 52: 649-660.
11. O*NET 15-2091.00 - O*NET 19-4061.00 - O*NET 21-2011.00 - O*NET 21-2021.00 -
O*NET 23-2092.00 - O*NET 25-9011.00 - O*NET 25-9021.00 - O*NET 27-1026.00 -
O*NET 27-1027.00 - O*NET 29-2051.00 - O*NET 29-2053.00 - O*NET 29-2091.00
12. Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Edition O*NET 23-2093.00
13. Peter Selman, The rise and fall of inter-country adoption in the 21st century,
14. Samantha L. Wilson and Terri L. Weaver, Brief Note: Follow-up of developmental
attainment and behavioral adjustment for toddlers adopted internationally into the USA,
15. Thomas M. Crea, Brief Note: Inter-country adoptions and domestic home study
practices: SAFE and the Hague Adoption Convention, International Social Work 2009
52: 673-678.
16. vnsocialwork.net - www.socialwork - www.socialwork.ubc.ca
www.socialworkers.org - socialworkexam.com
47

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B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC QUY NHN

DNG BCH NHT NGUYN TH XUN TRANG

Quy Nhon, 2009

LESSON 1: NATURE OF SOCIAL WORK 4 2

LESSON 3: TYPES OF SOCIAL WORK 4 9

LESSON 4: WORK ENVIRONMENT - EMPLOYMENT 4 13

LESSON 5: TRAINING (1) 4 16

LESSON 6: TRAINING QUALIFICATIONS- 4 19

LESSON 7: NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL 4 22

LESSON 8: STANDARDS FOR PROFESSIONAL 4 27

LESSON 9: TYPES OF PROFESSIONAL INTERVENTION 4 31

LESSON 10: CONTEMPORARY PROFESSIONAL 4 34

- client (n) : khch hng - pursuit (v) : theo ui

- ameliorate (v) : ci thin - asylum (n) : ni an ton

- usher (v) : m ra - secular (n) : th tc

II. Answer the following questions

3.1. Child, family, and school social workers

II. Make two questions for each paragraph:

a- Child, family, and school social workers

b- Medical and public health social workers

c- Mental health and substance abuse social workers

improve address entire

Child, family, and school social workers 272,000

Medical and public health social workers 116,000

Mental health and substance abuse social workers 110,000

Social workers, all other 64.000

Child, family, and school social workers 282,000

Medical and public health social workers 124,000

Mental health and substance abuse social workers 122,000

Social workers, all other 66,000

7-Mental health and substance abuse

II. Answer the following questions:

- entry-level (n) : trnh u vo - perform (v) : trnh by

Other qualifications. Social workers should be emotionally mature, objective, and

II. Answer the following questions:

- transaction (n) : s giao dch

IV. True (T) or False (F)

Types of clinical or direct practice Play therapy

6- Housing and homeless

III. What are the types of practice?

2. Role of the professional social worker

Projections data from the National Employment Matrix

Projected Change, 2006-

Projected Change, 2006-

Local government 43,500

State government 39,000

Individual and family services 32,680

Other residential care facilities 32,590

Home health care services 44,470

Nursing care facilities 38,550

Individual and family services 35,510

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals 39,240

Individual and family services 34,920

Residential mental retardation, mental health and

Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers 34,290

State government 45,070

Individual and family services 35,150

5. PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS

Clergy (O*NET 21-2011.00)

Dietetic technicians (O*NET 29-2051.00)

Directors, religious activities and education (O*NET 21-2021.00)

Direct and coordinate activities of a denominational group to meet religious needs of