Input data (Compositions) Output data (Compositions)

Pellets: wt% mass [kg/tHM] wt% mass [kg/tHM]

1401.95 Hot metal 1482 C 1000
Fe2O3 95.92 1344.75 Fe 94.85 948.51
CaO 0.45 6.31 C 4.75 47.50
SiO2 1.75 24.53 Si 0.36 3.60
MgO 1.55 21.73 S 0.04 0.39
Al2O3 0.33 4.63 Total % & mass 100.00 1000.00
Slag: 197.07
Total % & mass 100 1401.95 CaO 38.79 76.44
Additives MgO 15.29 30.13
Lime stone wt% 41.00 SiO2 28.01 55.20
Fe 0.26 0.11 Al2O3 10.16 20.03
SiO2 1.56 0.64 S 1.37 2.70
Al2O3 0.72 0.30 FeO (1 wt% Fe of total inp 6.38 12.57
CaO 95.75 39.26 Total % & mass 100.00 197.07
MgO 1.71 0.70 Waste gas: vol% 100 C
Total % & mass 100 41.00 Top pressure 2 atm
BOF Slag 46.00 CO 23.65 434.7
Fe 25.1 11.55 CO2 23.65 683.1
SiO2 10.6 4.88 N2 52.7 969.71
Al2O3 2.16 0.99 Total % & mass 100 2087.51
CaO 49.35 22.70 Dust:
MgO 12.79 5.88 FeO (2 wt% Fe of total inp 0 25.14
Total % & mass 100 46.00
Dust Briquettes wt% 37.00
Fe 62.02 22.95
SiO2 9.01 3.33
Al2O3 2.6 0.96
CaO 21.97 8.13
MgO 4.4 1.63 Other data
Total % & mass 100 37.00
Reducing agents wt% 468.00 TOTAL MASS IN 3309.66 kg/su
Coke TOTAL MASS OUT 3309.73 kg/su
Fe 0.41 1.92
SiO2 6.31 29.53 Total SiO2 in 62.91 kg/su
Al2O3 2.81 13.15 Total SiO2 out 55.20 kg/su
CaO 0.01 0.05
MgO 0.04 0.19 Total Fe in 977.85 kg/su
S 0.66 3.09 Total FeO out 37.72 kg/su
C 89.76 420.08
Total % & mass 100 468.00 nCO2 out 15.525 moles
Hot blast wt% nCO out 15.525 moles
Specific volume 1482.465777
Blast temp. 1118 C nN2 in 34.623 moles
Blast pressure 3,5 atm nN2 out 34.623 moles
O2 26.3 346 nO2 in HB 10.814 moles
N2 73.7 969.71
Total % & mass 100 1315.71
 Input data (Compositions) Output data (Compositions)
Sinter: wt% mass [kg/tHM] wt% mass [kg/tHM]
Fe2O3 86.3 Hot metal 1482 C 1000
CaO 7.95 Fe 94.851
SiO2 3.2 C 4.75
Assumptions
Mgo 1.96 Si 0.36
- All slag formers in input - BUT the required a
Al2O3 0.59 S 0.039- goes to the slag in the output.
metal
Total 100 - 1 % of the Fe input goes to slag in the form o
Additives Slag: - 2 % of? the Fe input goes to dust in the form o
- The ratio between CO and CO2 in the exhaus
Lime stone 41 CaO ? - Rest of the exhaust gas will consist of N2 from
Fe 0.26 MgO ?
SiO2 1.56 SiO2 ?
Al2O3 0.72 Al2O3 ?
CaO 95.75 S ?
MgO 1.71 x wt% Fe of total input
Total 100 Waste gas: vol%
BOF Slag 46 CO ?
Fe 25.1 CO2 ?
SiO2 10.6 N2 ?
Al2O3 2.16 Dust:
CaO 49.35 x wt% Fe of total input
MgO 12.79
Total 100
Dust Briquettes 37
Fe 62.02
SiO2 9.01
Al2O3 2.6
CaO 21.97
MgO 4.4
Total 100
Reducing agents 468
Coke
Fe 0.41
SiO2 6.31
Al2O3 2.81
CaO 0.01
MgO 0.04
S 0.66
C 89.76
Total 100
Hot blast
Specific volume 938 m3/tHM
Blast temp. 1118 C
O2 23.8 vol%
N2 76.2 vol%
s

rmers in input - BUT the required amount of Si in the final hot

to the slag in the output.
Fe input goes to slag in the form of FeO.
Fe input goes to dust in the form of FeO
between CO and CO2 in the exhaust gas will be 1:1
e exhaust gas will consist of N2 from input
 Input data (Compositions) Output data (Compositions)

Pellets: wt% mass [kg/tHM] wt% mass [kg/tHM]

1401.95 Hot metal 1482 C 1000
Fe2O3 95.92 1344.75 Fe 94.85 948.51
CaO 0.45 6.31 C 4.75 47.50
SiO2 1.75 24.53 Si 0.36 3.60
MgO 1.55 21.73 S 0.04 0.39
Al2O3 0.33 4.63 Total % & mass 100.00 1000.00
Slag: 197.07
Total % & mass 100 1401.95 CaO 38.79 76.44
Additives MgO 15.29 30.13
Lime stone wt% 41.00 SiO2 28.01 55.20
Fe 0.26 0.11 Al2O3 10.16 20.03
SiO2 1.56 0.64 S 1.37 2.70
Al2O3 0.72 0.30 FeO (1 wt% Fe of total input) 6.38 12.57
CaO 95.75 39.26 Total % & mass 100.00 197.07
MgO 1.71 0.70 Waste gas: vol%
Total % & mass 100 41.00 Top pressure 2 atm
BOF Slag 46.00 CO 23.65 434.7
Fe 25.1 11.55 CO2 23.65 683.1
SiO2 10.6 4.88 N2 52.7 969.71
Al2O3 2.16 0.99 Total % & mass 100 2087.51
CaO 49.35 22.70 Dust:
MgO 12.79 5.88 FeO (2 wt% Fe of total input) 0 25.14
Total % & mass 100 46.00
Dust Briquettes wt% 37.00
Fe 62.02 22.95
SiO2 9.01 3.33
Al2O3 2.6 0.96
CaO 21.97 8.13
MgO 4.4 1.63 Other data
Total % & mass 100 37.00
Reducing agents wt% 468.00 TOTAL MASS IN 3309.66 kg/su
Coke TOTAL MASS OUT 3309.73 kg/su
Fe 0.41 1.92
SiO2 6.31 29.53 Total SiO2 in 62.91 kg/su
Al2O3 2.81 13.15 Total SiO2 out 55.20 kg/su
CaO 0.01 0.05
MgO 0.04 0.19 Total Fe in 977.85 kg/su
S 0.66 3.09 Total FeO out 37.72 kg/su
C 89.76 420.08
Total % & mass 100 468.00 nCO2 out 15.525 k moles
Hot blast wt% nCO out 15.525 k moles
Specific volume 1482.465777
Blast temp. 1118 C nN2 in 34.623 k moles
Blast pressure 3,5 atm nN2 out 34.623 k moles
O2 26.3 346 nO2 in HB 10.814 k moles
N2 73.7 969.71
Total % & mass 100 1315.71
 H INPUT
kJ/g mole J/g mole K

Fe2O3 H298 Cp
m [kg]: 1344.75 -821.319 98,282 + 77,822 * 10-3 T 14,853 * 105 T-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 8404.70 H298 -6902941
P:
CaO H298 Cp
m [kg]: 76.44 -635.09 49,622 + 4,519 * 10-3 T 6,945 * 105 T-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 1365.05 H298 -866932
P:
SiO2 H298 Cp
m [kg]: 62.91 -910.7 46,945 + 34,309 * 10-3 T 11,297 * 105 T-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 1048.57 H298 -954934
P:
MgO H298 Cp
m [kg]: 30.13 -601.5 48,995 + 3,138 * 10-3 T 11,715 * 105 T-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 753.25 H298 -453079
P:
Al2O3 H298 Cp
m [kg]: 20.03 -1675.7 106,608 + 17,782 * 10-3T 28,535 * 105 T-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 196.35 H298 -329029
P:
Fe H298 Cp
m [kg]: 36.52 0 17,489 + 24,769 * 10-3 T
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 652.12 H298 0
P:
C H298 Cp
m [kg]: 420.08 0 17,154 + 4,268 * 10^-3 T - 8,786 * 10^5 T^-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 35006.40 H298 0
P:
S H298 Cp
m [kg]: 3.09 0 14,811 + 24,058 *10-3 T 0,728 * 105 T-2
T [K] 298.00 Cp=
n: 96.53 H298 0
P:
O2 H298 Cp
m [kg]: 346.00 0 29,957 + 4,184 * 10-3 T 1,674 * 105 T-2
T [K] 1391.00 36163.59419 J/g mole
n: 10813.91 Cp=
P: 3.50 H298
N2 H298 Cp
m [kg]: 969.71 0 27,865 + 4,268 * 10-3 T
T [K] 1391.00 34395.97332 J/g mole
n: 34622.70 Cp=
P: 3.50 H298

input
output

836173.114493635
 H OUTPUT
kJ/g J/g mole
kJ/tHM mole
H TOT FeOSlag H298 Cp
-6902940.979 m [kg]: 12.57 -264.429 51,798 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 174.62 H298
P:
H TOT CaO H298 Cp
-866931.6844 m [kg]: 76.44 -635.09 49,622 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 1365.05 H298
P:
H TOT SiO2 H298 Cp
-954933.5741 m [kg]: 55.20 -910.7 46,945 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 920.00 H298
P:
H TOT MgO H298 Cp
-453079.1821 m [kg]: 30.13 -601.5 48,995 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 753.25 H298
P:
H TOT Al2O3 H298 Cp
-329029.2997 m [kg]: 20.03 -1675.7 106,608 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 196.35 H298
P:
H TOT Fe{l} H298 Cp
0 m [kg]: 948.51 13.129 35,400 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 16937.68 H298
P:
H TOT CHM H298 Cp
0 m [kg]: 47.50 0 17,154 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 3958.33 H298
P: H sol
H TOT SiHM H298 Cp
0 m [kg]: 3.60 48.472 27.196
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 128.57 H298
P: H sol
H TOT SHM H298 Cp
391069.96821 m [kg]: 0.39 0 14,811 +
 T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 12.19 H298
P: H sol
H TOT N2 H298 Cp
1190881.3571 m [kg]: 969.71 0 27,865 +
T [K] 373.00 Cp=
n: 34622.697 H298
P:
CO H298 Cp
H TOTIN kJ/tHM m [kg]: 434.70 -110.53 28,409 +
-7924963.394 T [K] 373.00 Cp=
n: 15525.00 H298
P:
CO2 H298 Cp
m [kg]: 683.10 -393.51 44,141 +
T [K] 373.00 Cp=
n: 15525.00 H298
P:
FeODust H298 Cp
m [kg]: 25.14 -264.429 51,798 +
T [K] 373.00 Cp=
n: 349.23 H298
P:
Sslag H298 Cp
m [kg]: 2.70 0 14,811 +
T [K] 1755.00 Cp=
n: 84.34 H298
P:
 H OUTPUT
J/g mole K
kJ/tHM
Cp H TOT
6,778 * 10^-3T -1,590*10^5*T^-2 -31302.406
85163.97521 J/g mole
-46173.334091247 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
4,519 * 10-3 T 6,945 * 105 T-2 -761654.53
77123.10743 J/g mole
-866931.684385727 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
34,309 * 10-3 T 11,297 * 105 T-2 -837843.57
116564.5298 J/g mole
-837843.574106808 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
3,138 * 10-3 T 11,715 * 105 T-2 -398231.18
72815.25406 J/g mole
-453079.182117113 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
17,782 * 10-3T 28,535 * 105 T-2 -294869.08
173973.2245 J/g mole
-329029.299687505 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
3,745 * 10-3 T 1190852
57178.86132 J/g mole
222374.781964286 kJ/su

Cp H solution H TOT
4,268 * 10^-3 T - 8,786 * 10^5 T^-2 HC = 1888,4 + 129,7(wt-%)C 134540.86
3935.570247 J/g mole
0 kJ/su
2504.475 kJ/kg
Cp H solution H TOT
HSi = -5213,38 + 334,72(wt-%)C + 142,26(wt-%)Si -6624.4761
27.196 J/g mole
6232.1142857143 kJ/su
-3572.2464 kJ/kg
Cp H solution H TOT
24,058 *10-3 T 0,728 * 105 T-2 HS = -4133 -912.81681
 57358.21059 J/g mole
0 kJ/su
-4133 kJ/kg
Cp H TOT
4,268 * 10-3 T 76075.363
2197.26855 J/g mole
0 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
4,10 * 10-3 T 0,460 * 105 T-2 -1681780
2202.803231 J/g mole
-1715978.25 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
9,037 * 10-3 T 8,535 *105 T-2 -6063256
2962.078306 J/g mole
-6109242.75 kJ/su

Cp H TOT
6,778 * 10^-3T -1,590*10^5*T^-2 -90967.865
3948.117836 J/g mole
-92346.6682013818 kJ/su

Cp H solution H TOT
24,058 *10-3 T 0,728 * 105 T-2 HS = -4133 4837.4481
57358.21059 J/g mole
0 kJ/su

H TOTOUT kJ/tHM
-8761137
H TOTOUT kJ/tHM
 H298 Cp
Substance kJ/g mole J/g mole K
<Al2O3> -1675.7 106,608 + 17,782 * 10 T 28,535 * 105 T-2
-3

(CO) -110.53 28,409 + 4,10 * 10-3 T 0,460 * 105 T-2

(CO2) -393.51 44,141 + 9,037 * 10-3 T 8,535 *105 T-2
<CaO> -635.09 49,622 + 4,519 * 10-3 T 6,945 * 105 T-2
<Fe> 0 17,489 + 24,769 * 10-3 T
{Fe} 13.129 35,400 + 3,745 * 10-3 T
<Fe2O3> -821.319 98,282 + 77,822 * 10-3 T 14,853 * 105 T-2
<Fe3O4> -1116.71 91,546 + 201,669 * 10-3 T
<MgO> -601.5 48,995 + 3,138 * 10-3 T 11,715 * 105 T-2
(N2) 0 27,865 + 4,268 * 10-3 T
(O2) 0 29,957 + 4,184 * 10-3 T 1,674 * 105 T-2
<S>ortho 0 14,811 + 24,058 *10-3 T 0,728 * 105 T-2
{Si} 48.472 27.196
<SiO2> -910.7 46,945 + 34,309 * 10-3 T 11,297 * 105 T-2

Heat of mixing [kJ/kg]

C(gr) --> C HC = 1888,4 + 129,7(wt-%)C
Si(l) --> Si HSi = -5213,38 + 334,72(wt-%)C + 142,26(wt-%)Si
S2(g) --> S HS = -4133

Element g/mole
Al 27
Al2O3 102
C 12
CO 28
CO2 44
CaO 56
Fe 56
FeO 72
Fe2O3 160
MgO 40
N2 28
O2 32
S 32
Si 28
SiO2 60
Real data
Output data (Compositions)
wt% mass [kg/tHM]
Hot metal 1482 C 1000 References:
C 4.75 Ways to reduce CO2
Increased Energy E
Si 0.36 in Steel Mills Met
Si std dev 0.119 SSAB SLAG
S 0.039
Slag: 163
CaO 32.6
MgO 16.8
SiO2 33.5
Al2O3 12.1
S 1.5
Waste gas: vol%
CO 22.1
CO2 21.98
N2 48.2
References:
Ways to reduce CO2 Emissions at SSAB
Increased Energy Efficiency and Carbon Dioxide -Reduction
in Steel Mills Methanol from Steel Work Off-Gases
SSAB SLAG
 Input data (Mass) Output data (Mass)
Pellet ratio 100 wt% Hot metal
MPBO 57 wt% C 4.75 wt%
KPBO 43 wt% Si 0.36 %
Additives Si std dev 0.119
Lime stone 41 kg/tHM S 0.039 wt%
BOF slag 46 kg/tHM Temperature 1482 C
Manganese slag 5 kg/tHM Slag
Dust briquettes 37 kg/tHM Amount 163 kg/tHM
Reducing agents 468 kg/tHM B2 CaO/SiO2 0.98
Coke 327 kg/tHM MgO 17.8 wt%
PCI 141 kg/tHM
Blast
Specific volume 938 m3/tHM
Blast temp. 1118 C
O2 content of blast 23.8 Vol%

Input data (Compositions) Output data (Compositions)

Pellets: wt% mass [kg/tHM] wt% mass [kg/tHM]
MPBO 57 Hot metal 1482 C 1000
Fe tot 66.8 C 4.75
FeO 0.5 Si 0.36
CaO 0.35 Si std dev 0.119
SiO2 1.7 S 0.039
MgO 1.5 Slag: ?
Al2O3 0.32 CaO ?
CaO/SiO2 0.21 MgO ?
KPBO 43 SiO2 ?
Fe tot 66.6 Al2O3 ?
FeO 0.4 S ?
CaO 0.46 Waste gas: vol%
SiO2 2 CO 22.1
MgO 1.5 CO2 21.98
Al2O3 0.23 N2 48.2
CaO/SiO2 0.23
Additives
Lime stone 41
Fe 0.15
SiO2 0.89
Al2O3 0.41
CaO 54.5
MgO 0.97
BOF Slag 46
Fe 21
SiO2 8.87
Al2O3 1.81
CaO 41.3
MgO 10.7
Dust Briquettes 37
Fe 42.9
SiO2 6.23
Al2O3 1.8
CaO 15.2
MgO 3.04
Reducing agents 468
Coke
Fe 0.4
SiO2 6.16
Al2O3 2.74
CaO 0.01
MgO 0.04
S 0.64
C 87.6
Hot blast
Specific volume 938
Blast temp. 1118
O2 23.8 vol%
 Input data (Mass) Output data (Mass)
Sinter ratio 100 wt% Hot metal
C 4.75 wt%
Si 0.36 %
Additives Si std dev 0.119
Lime stone 41 kg/tHM S 0.039 wt%
BOF slag 46 kg/tHM Temperature 1482 C
Manganese slag 5 kg/tHM Slag
Dust briquettes 37 kg/tHM Amount 163 kg/tHM
Reducing agents 468 kg/tHM B2 CaO/SiO2 0.98
Coke 327 kg/tHM MgO 17.8 wt%
PCI 141 kg/tHM
Blast
Specific volume 938 m3/tHM
Blast temp. 1118 C
O2 content of blast 23.8 Vol%

Input data (Compositions) Output data (Compositions)

Sinter: wt% mass [kg/tHM] wt% mass [kg/tHM]
Fe tot 60.4 Hot metal 1482 C 1000
FeO 11.1 C 4.75
CaO 7.95 Si 0.36
SiO2 3.2 Si std dev 0.119
Mgo 1.96 S 0.039
Al2O3 0.59 Slag: ?
Additives CaO ?
Lime stone 41 MgO ?
Fe 0.15 SiO2 ?
SiO2 0.89 Al2O3 ?
Al2O3 0.41 S ?
CaO 54.5 Waste gas: vol%
MgO 0.97 CO 22.1
BOF Slag 46 CO2 21.98
Fe 21 N2 48.2
SiO2 8.87
Al2O3 1.81
CaO 41.3
MgO 10.7
Dust Briquettes 37
Fe 42.9
SiO2 6.23
Al2O3 1.8
CaO 15.2
MgO 3.04
Reducing agents 468
Coke
Fe 0.4
SiO2 6.16
Al2O3 2.74
CaO 0.01
MgO 0.04
S 0.64
C 87.6
Hot blast
Specific volume 938
Blast temp. 1118
O2 23.8 vol%
References:
Sinter composition
Ways to reduce CO2 Emissions at SSAB
https://www.lkab.com/en/SysSiteAssets/dokument/kund/19
99-recycling-of-in-plant-fines-as-cold-bonded--
agglomerates.pdf
Increased Energy Efficiency and Carbon Dioxide -Reduction
in Steel Mills Methanol from Steel Work Off-Gases