Art 12, Section 11.

No franchise, certificate, or any other form of

authorization for the operation of a public utility shall be granted
except to citizens of the Philippines or to corporations or associations
organized under the laws of the Philippines, at least sixty per centum
of whose capital is owned by such citizens; nor shall such franchise,
certificate, or authorization be exclusive in character or for a longer
period than fifty years. Neither shall any such franchise or right be
granted except under the condition that it shall be subject to
amendment, alteration, or repeal by the Congress when the common
good so requires. The State shall encourage equity participation in
public utilities by the general public. The participation of foreign
investors in the governing body of any public utility enterprise shall be
limited to their proportionate share in its capital, and all the executive
and managing officers of such corporation or association must be
citizens of the Philippines.

Art 12, Section 17. In times of national emergency, when the public
interest so requires, the State may, during the emergency and under
reasonable terms prescribed by it, temporarily take over or direct the
operation of any privately-owned public utility or business affected with
public interest.

Art 12, Section 18. The State may, in the interest of national welfare
or defense, establish and operate vital industries and, upon payment
of just compensation, transfer to public ownership utilities and other
private enterprises to be operated by the Government.

Art 12, Section 19. The State shall regulate or prohibit monopolies
when the public interest so requires. No combinations in restraint of
trade or unfair competition shall be allowed.

Article 2, Section 24. "The State recognizes the vital role of

communication and information in nation-building."

Article 16, Section 11 (1). The ownership and management of mass

media shall be limited to citizens of the Philippines, or to corporations,
cooperatives or associations, wholly-owned and managed by such
citizens.
The Congress shall regulate or prohibit monopolies in commercial
mass media when the public interest so requires. No combinations in
restraint of trade or unfair competition therein shall be allowed.

RA. 3846 as amended Section 1: AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE

REGULATION OF PUBLIC AND RADIO COMMUNICATIONS IN
THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES (Act No. 3846,
as amended)
SEC. 1.
No person, firm, company, association or corporation shall construct,
install, establish, or operate a radio transmitting station, or a radio
receiving station used for commercial purposes, or a radio
broadcasting station, without having first obtained a franchise therefor
from the Congress of the Philippines; Provided however, that no
franchise from the Congress of the Philippines shall be necessary for
the construction, installation, establishment or operation of an amateur
station, an experimental station, a training station, a station on board a
mobile vessel, train, or aircraft, or a private station in a place so
outlying and so remote as to afford no public communication system
with the outside station in a place so outlying and so remote as to
afford no public communication system with the outside world:
Provided, further, that radio broadcasting stations established and
operating at the time of the approval of this Act without the franchise
herein required shall be exempt for obtaining such franchise. Unless
otherwise specified, station or radio station as used in this Act shall
refer to a radio transmitting station and its receiving equipment, a
radio receiving station used for commercial purposes, or a radio
broadcasting station.
(As amended by Com. Act. No. 365 and by Com Act No. 571,
approved June 17, 1940).

Sec. 1-A.
No person, firm, company, association or corporation shall possess or
own transmitters or transceivers (combination transmitter-receiver),
without registering the same with the Secretary of Public Works and
communications, nor sell or transfer the same to another without his
prior approval, and no person, firm, company, association or
corporation shall construct or manufacture, or purchase radio
transmitters or transceivers without a permit issued by the Secretary
of Public Works and Communications. (As amended by Act No. 584,
approved Sept. 18, 1950)

Republic Act 8370

Children's Television Act of 1997

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 576-A

REGULATING THE OWNERSHIP AND OPERATION OF RADIO

AND TELEVISION STATIONS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 205 June 30, 1987

REGULATING THE OPERATION OF CABLE ANTENNA

TELEVISION (CATV) SYSTEMS IN THE PHILIPPINES, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 255 July 25, 1987

REQUIRING ALL RADIO STATIONS WITH MUSICAL FORMAT

PROGRAMS TO BROADCAST A MINIMUM OF FOUR ORIGINAL
PILIPINO MUSICAL COMPOSITIONS IN EVERY CLOCKHOUR AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1834

INCREASING THE PENALTIES FOR THE CRIME OF REBELLION,

SEDITION, AND RELATED CRIMES, AND AMENDING FOR THIS
PURPOSE ARTICLES 135, 136, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 146 AND
147 OF THE REVISED PENAL CODE AND ADDING SECTION 142-
B THERETO

Letter of Instruction 13-A

Department Order No. 11

Subject: General Rules and Regulations governing the construction,
installation, establishment or operation of radio stations and the
possession or ownership, construction or manufacture, purchase, sale
and transfer of transmitters or transceivers in the Phils.

DEPARTMENT ORDER NO. 5) Series of 1948)

SUBJECT: RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING
COMMERCIAL RADIO OPERATORS

Pursuant to the provisions of the Radio Control Law, Act No. 3846, as
amended by Commonwealth Act Nos. 365 and 571, the following rules
and regulations governing commercial radio operators are hereby
promulgated to take effect on September 22, 1948. All rules and
regulations which are in conflict herewith are hereby revoked.

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 37

DEPARTMENT ORDER NO. 88
Rules and Regulations Requiring the Services of Duly Registered
Electronics and Communications Engineer in the Planning and
Designing, Installation or Construction, Operation and Maintenance of
Radio Stations, and in the Manufacture and/or Modification of Radio
Communications Equipment

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 10-7-93

Implementing Guidelines on the Domestic Satellite Communications
Policy

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 2-1-93

Rules and Regulations Governing the Registration and Licensing of
Satellite Television Receive Only (TVRO) Stations in the Philippines

NTC MC NO. 6-2-81

Non-commercial radio stations exempted from franchise

NTC Memorandum Circular 11-12-85

DEPARTMENT ISSUANCE
DEPARTMENT ORDER NO. 11, Section 24
Illegal Use of the Station and Certain Transmission Prohibited The
transmission by any station obscene, profane or indecent words or
communication or anything that may endanger the Security of the
Republic or be contrary to its laws or to public order is absolutely
prohibited. Likewise, unnecessary transmission of superfluous signals
and correspondence are forbidden to all stations.

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 22-89 SUBJECT: REVISION OF

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 11-12-85 RE: PROGRAM
STANDARDS

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 25-89 SUBJECT: LIFTING OF

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 22-89

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 4-08-88 SUBJECT: REVISED

RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING CABLE TELEVISION
SYSTEMS IN THE PHILIPPINES

MEMO.CIR.NO. 02-1-81 Guidelines and procedures for the

emergency broadcast system

MEMO.CIR.NO. 11-8-82 Requiring all broadcast radio/tv stations to

submit survey report on programs for the development and growth of
children

MEMO.CIR.NO. 12-8-82 Requiring all radio and television stations to

submit survey report on station gross billings

MEMO.CIR.NO. 12A-8-82 Requiring all radio broadcast stations to

submit survey report on station profile
MEMO.CIR.NO. 13A-9-82 Requiring all radio and t.v. broadcast
stations to submit survey report on manpower complement

MEMO.CIR.NO. 13B-9-82 Requiring All Radio and T.V. Broadcast

Stations to submit programs profiles

MEMO.CIR.NO. 01-02-83 Requiring all radio broadcast and t.v.

systems to secure certificates and public convenience

MEMO.CIR.NO. 02-04-83 Extension of period w/in w/c to secure

certificate of public convenience by radio broadcast and television
system

MEMO.CIR.NO. 04-07-88 Implementing rules and regulations

requiring all radio stations to broadcast a minimum of four original
Pilipino Musical Composition in every hour

MEMO.CIR.NO. 05-13-88 Submission of economic data on TV and

radio broadcast stations'

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 03-01-91 SUBJECT: RULES AND

REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE REGISTRATION AND
LICENSING OF SATELLITE TELEVISION RECEIVE ONLY (TVRO)
IN THE PHILIPPINES.

MEMO.CIR.NO. 14-9-92 Rules and regulations governing the

registration and licensing of satellite television receive only (TVRO)
stations in the Phils.

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 2-1-93 Subject: Rules and

Regulations Governing the Registration and Licensing of Satellite
Television Receive Only (TVRO) Stations in the Philippines
MEMO.CIR.NO. 7-3-93 Submission by applicants for radio and tv
broadcast stations with a copy of their new franchise in their
respective CPC Applications