Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Sant. Dnyaneshwar Shikshan Sanstha's

ANNASAHEB DANGE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,

ASHTA.

SYNOPSY
ON

Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Submitted by:

1. Ms. Bhamare Shubhangi Prakash. 404

2. Ms. Jamadar Fatima Zakir. 409
3. Mr. Bhore Pratik Rajendra. 420
4. Mr. Bhosale Sanket Baban. 422
5. Mr. Dabhade Akash Nandkishor. 429

Under The Guidance Of

Mr. S.S Bhosale

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2016-2017

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Relavance:
Peltier effect is named after the French physicist Jean Charles Athanase Peltier
(1785-1845), who discovered it in 1834; 8 years after Thomas Seeback published
his results.
Peltier found that the junctions of dissimilar metals were heated or cooled,
depending upon the direction in which an electric current is passed through them , i.e
By passing current through two dissimilar electrical conductors, heat can be either
emitted or absorbed at the junction of the materials.
An interesting fact in this effect is that the direction of heat transfer is
controlled by the polarity of current; reversing the polarity of current will change the
direction of heat transfer. Also, heat that is evolved by the flow of current in one
direction, was found to be absorbed, if the direction of current is reversed.

Introduction
Thermoelectric are based on the Peltier Effect, The Peltier Effect is one of
the three thermoelectric effects; the other two are known as the Seebeck Effect and
Thomson Effect. Whereas the last two effects act on a single conductor, the Peltier
Effect is a typical junction phenomenon.
Thermoelectric coolers are solid state heat pumps used in applications where
temperature stabilization, temperature cycling, or cooling below ambient are
required. There are many products using thermoelectric coolers, including CCD
cameras (charge coupled device), laser diodes, microprocessors, blood analyzers
and portable picnic coolers. This article discusses the theory behind the
thermoelectric cooler, along with the thermal and electrical parameters involved.
Thermoelectric refrigeration is the part of thermoelectrics that involves the use
of Peltier effect to transform electricity into heat for cooling and/or heating.

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Importance of Peltier Cooler:

The significant factor in designing the peltier cooler is the thermal stability of
the device and system under cooling. Usually the imbalance in the temperature profile
of device at peltier cooler, heat sink and cooling fan results in damage of the peltier
device. The peltier cooler can provide the effective cooling method for the required
confined space to satisfy the necessary application.
The application of peltier coolers ranges from useful OEM products to the
variety of application. In current scenario the bulky and costly conventional vapour
compression system based refrigeration and air conditioning power hungry
application need to be substantially replaced with low cost and high efficiency
advanced methods of cooling. One of the alternatives in replacing the conventional
cooling systems can be the thermoelectric cooling method. With this mini project we
would like to introduce the thermoelectric cooling for refrigeration and air
conditioning application. The working model will be developed and tested for its
various attributes like COP, the rate of cooling, the standby time, and economical
viability of the thermoelectric cooling system.

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

LITERATURE REVIEW:
Conventional cooling systems such as those used in refrigerators utilize a
compressor and a working fluid to transfer heat. Thermal energy is absorbed and
released as the working Fluid undergoes expansion and compression and changes
phase from liquid to vapor and back, respectively. (1)
Semiconductor thermoelectric coolers (also known as Peltier coolers) offer
several advantages over conventional systems. They are entirely solid-state devices,
with no moving parts; this makes them rugged, reliable, and quiet. They use no ozone
depleting chlorofluorocarbons, potentially offering a more environmentally
responsible alternative to conventional refrigeration. They can be extremely compact,
much more so than compressor-based systems.(1)
Precise temperature control (< 0.1 C) can be achieved with Peltier coolers.
For certain process industries this is a very significant and important requirement.
However, their efficiency is low compared to conventional refrigerators. Thus, they
are used in niche applications where their unique advantages outweigh their low
efficiency. Although some large-scale applications have been considered (on
submarines and surface vessels), Peltier coolers are generally used in applications
where small size is needed and the cooling demands are not too great, such as for
cooling electronic components.
D. Astrain *, J.G. Vian, J. Albizua discussed about a thermoelectric
refrigerator with an inner volume of 55x10-3 m3 has been designed and built in this
work. It is composed of a Peltier device with 50W of power and the dimensions:
40x40x4 mm, two fin dissipaters (one for the hot side and another one for the cold
side) a fan of 2 W and an aluminum heat extender which separates both sides, the hot
one from the cold one.(3)

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Fig. Thermal sketch of the thermoelectric refrigerator.

The prototype has been built in order to validate the computational calculation
model which has been developed. Nevertheless, this application of thermoelectricity
is of interest by itself for small hotel refrigerators and for camping vehicles, buses and
other special vehicles, since it offers several advantages with respect to vapour
compression technology.

Conclusion:
A more ecological system because it does not use refrigerants.
More silent and robust since it minimizes the moving parts ,

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

PROPOSED WORK:

Fig : Schematic block diagram of proposed thermoelectric cooling system.

Objective of project work is,

1) To conduct series of experiments based on the location and number of peltier

cooling devices, and to validate the optimum cooling profile of space under
experiment
2) To calculate the cop of the system and electrical response parameters of the
thermoelectric peltier device.

Phase. I:

Identification of problem and Literature review.

Phase II:

To study the cooling effect obtained by the peltier device with respect to time.

Phase. III:

To study and analyses the convection refrigerator to peltier refrigeration.

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

Phase-IV:

To construct the peltier thermoelectric system. Conduct series of experiments with

detailed data analysis.

FACILITIES AVAILABLE:

The following facilities are available for carrying out the project work.

1) Library facility with extensive journals and books.

2) Power Engineering Lab.

Names:

1. Ms. Bhamare Shubhangi Prakash. 404

2. Ms. Jamadar Fatima Zakir. 409
3. Mr. Bhore Pratik Rajendra. 420
4. Mr. Bhosale Sanket Baban. 422
5. Mr. Dabhade Akash Nandkishor. 429

Place: Annasaheb Dange College of Engineering and Technology, Ashta.

Date: / /

Mr. S.S. Bhosale Dr. S. S. Ahankari

Guide H.O.D.

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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Thermoelectric principle for Refrigeration And Air Conditioning

1 EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION : DEC. 2016

2 APPROXIMATE EXPENDITURE : Rs. 6000/-

References:

1) Mayank Awasthi1* and K V Mali, Design and development of thermoelectric

refrigerator,Reseach paper\20150409025007549.pdf

2) Scott Lee, Thermoelectric devices.Reseach paper\SLee_FA09.pdf

3) D. Astrain *, J.G. Vian, J. Albizua, Computational model for refrigerators

based on peltier effect application.Reseach paper\astrain2005.pdf

Department Of Mechanical Engineering, ADCET, Ashta

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