DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
KATA PENGANTAR
DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................................i-iii
DAFTAR TABEL..............................................................................................................
DAFTAR GAMBAR.........................................................................................................
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................

BAB I PENDAHULUAN...........................................................................................I-1
1.1 Latar Belakang...............................................................................................I-1
1.2 Maksud,Tujuan dan Sasaran...........................................................................I-2
1.2.1 Maksud.................................................................................................I-2
1.2.2 Tujuan...................................................................................................I-2
1.2.3 Sasaran..................................................................................................I-2
1.3 Ruang Lingkup Tugas Besar.............................................................................I-2-3
1.4 Sistematika Penulisan....................................................................................I-3

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................................II-1

2.1 Umum............................................................................................................II-1-2
2.2 Sumber-Sumber Air........................................................................................II-2-4
2.3 Prinsip Dasar Penyediaan Air Bersih...............................................................II-5
2.3.1 Kualitas Air...........................................................................................II-5-8
2.3.2 Kuantitas..............................................................................................II-9
2.3.3 Kontinuitas...........................................................................................II-9-10
2.4 Jaringan Distribusi...........................................................................................II-10
2.4.1 Sistem Distribusi Air Bersih..................................................................II-11
2.4.2 Jenis Jaringan Distribusi........................................................................II-12-13
2.4.3 Metode Distribusi..................................................................................II-13
2.5 Proses Pengolahan Air Bersih..........................................................................II-13-16
2.6 Alternatif-Alternatif Sistem Pengolahan Air Bersih........................................II-17-20
2.7 Rencana Desain..............................................................................................II-20
2.7.1 Bangunan Pengambil Air Baku.............................................................II-20-24
2.7.1.1 Bangunan Penyadap (Intake)......................................................II-24
2.7.1.2 Bangunan Bak Pengumpul.........................................................II-24

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 2.7.1.3 Koagulasi...................................................................................II-25
2.7.1.3.1 Kriteria Perencanaan Unit Koagulasi.............................II-25
2.7.1.3.2 Koagulan....................................................................II-25-26
2.7.1.3.3 Bak Koagulan.............................................................II-26
2.7.1.4 Floktulasi..................................................................................II-26-27
1.7.1.5 Sedimentasi..............................................................................II-27-28
1.7.1.6 Filtrasi......................................................................................II-29-30
1.7.1.7 Desinfektan..............................................................................II-31
2.8 Standar Kebutuhan Air...................................................................................II-31
2.8.1 Standar kebutuhan Air Domestik...........................................................II-31-32
2.8.2 Standar Kebutuhan Air Non Domestik..................................................II-32-34

BAB III GAMBARAN UMUM WILAYAH STUDI...................................................III-1

3.1 Umum...........................................................................................................III-1
3.2 Topografi.....................................................................................................III-1
3.3 Aspek Sosial, Ekonomi, dan Budaya...............................................................III-1
3.3.1 Tata Guna Lahan................................................................................III-1
3.3.2 Kependudukan...................................................................................III-2
3.3.2.1 Jumlah Penduduk....................................................................III-2
3.3.2.2 Mata Pencaharian....................................................................III-2
3.4 Fasilitas Perkotaan.......................................................................................III-3
3.4.1 Sarana Pendidikan.............................................................................III-3
3.4.2 Sarana Kesehatan...............................................................................III-3
3.4.3 Sarana Peribadatan............................................................................III-3
3.4.4 Saranan Perdagangan..........................................................................III-4
3.4.5 Sarana Transportasi............................................................................III-4
3.4.6 Air Bersih.............................................................................................III-4
3.5 Curah Hujan................................................................................................III-5
3.6 Kualitas Air Baku........................................................................................III-5
3.7 Debit Air Baku............................................................................................III-5

BAB IV PENENTUAN KEBUTUHAN AIR MINUM..................................................IV-1

4.1 Proyeksi Penduduk..........................................................................................IV-1
4.1.1 Metode Aritmatika.................................................................................IV-2
4.1.2 Metode Geometri...................................................................................IV-3

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 4.1.3 Metode Logaritma.................................................................................IV-4
4.1.4 Metode Eksponensial.............................................................................IV-5
4.1.5 Dasar Pemilihan Metode Proyeksi Penduduk.........................................IV-6-7
4.1.6 Pemilihan Proyeksi Jumlah Penduduk....................................................IV-8-9
4.2 Proyeksi Fasilitas Umum Dan Fasilitas Sosial.................................................IV-9-12
4.3 Proyeksi Kebutuhan Air...............................................................................IV-12-13
4.3.1 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Di Kelurahan Rengas Pulau..........................IV-13
BAB V PERHITUNGAN DAN PERENCANAAN......................................................
5.1 Umum.................................................................................................................
5.2 Perhitungan Debit Infiltrasi Air Hujan................................................................
5.3 Perhitungan Jumlah Air Buangan........................................................................
5.3.1 Perhitungan Debit Air Buangan Sistem Onsite Sanitasi.............................
5.3.2 Perhitungan Debit Air Buangan Sistem Offsite Sanitasi............................
5.4 Perhitungan Panjang Saluran...............................................................................
5.4.1 Saluran Terpisah.........................................................................................
5.4.2 Saluran Tercampur.....................................................................................
5.5 Penentuan Blok Pelayanan dan Ekivalensi Penduduk Terpilih............................
5.5.1 Penentuan Luas dan Ekivalensi Penduduk untuk Domestik......................
5.5.2 Penentuan Ekivalensi Penduduk untuk Non Domestik..............................
5.6 Penentuan Dimensi Pipa, Cek Penggelontoran, Waktu Tempuh,
dan Profil Saluran................................................................................................
5.6.1 Dimensi Pipa, Waktu Tempuh, dan Profil Saluran Drainase
Air Hujan...................................................................................................
5.6.2 Penentuan Dimensi Pipa, Waktu Tempuh, dan profil Saluran
Air Buangan...............................................................................................
5.7 Perlengkapan Saluran..........................................................................................
5.7.1 Street Inlet..................................................................................................
5.7.2 Bangunan Pelengkap..................................................................................
5.7.3 Perhitungan Dimensi Tangki.....................................................................
5.7.4 Perhitungan Debit air Buangan Onsite Individual Black Water.................
5.7.4 Perhitungan Debit air Buangan Onsite Individual Grey Water...................

BAB VI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN........................................................................

6.1 Kesimpulan.........................................................................................................
6.2 Saran..................................................................................................................

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Analisa Frekuensi Curah Hujan.....................................................................II - 7

Tabel 2.2 Nilai Variabel Reduksi Gauss.........................................................................II - 8
Tabel 2.3 Koefisien Aliran Permukaan (C)....................................................................II - 12
Tabel 2.4 Harga Koefisien Kekasaran Dinding Saluran (n)...........................................II - 16
Tabel 2.5 Bentuk-Bentuk Geometris Penampang..........................................................II - 18

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Tabel 2.6 Penempatan Manhole Pada Jalur Lurus.........................................................II - 26
Tabel 3.1 Tata Guna Lahan Kelurahan Belawan II........................................................III - 1
Tabel 3.2 Jumlah Penduduk Kelurahan Belawan II Tahun 2000-2014..........................III - 2
Tabel 3.3 Jenis Pemukiman Penduduk Belawan II........................................................III - 3
Tabel 3.4 Mata pencaharian Penduduk Belawan II ......................................................III - 3
Tabel 3.5 Sarana Pendidikan Di Belawan II..................................................................III - 3
Tabel 3.6 Sarana Kesehatan Di Kelurahan Belawan II..................................................III - 4
Tabel 3.7 Sarana Peribadatan Kelurahan Belawan II.....................................................III - 4
Tabel 3.8 Sarana Perdagangan Di Belawan II...............................................................III - 4
Tabel 3.9 Data Curah Hujan Kota Medan....................................................................III - 5
Tabel 4.1 Metode Aritmetika Kelurahan Belawan II.....................................................IV - 4
Tabel 4.2 Metode Geometri Kelurahan Belawan II.......................................................IV - 5
Tabel 4.3 Metode Eksponensial Kelurahan Belawan II.................................................IV - 7
Tabel 4.4 Metode Logaritmik Kelurahan Belawan II....................................................IV - 9
Tabel 4.5 Proyeksi Penduduk Kelurahan Belawan II Tahun 2015-2029.......................IV - 10
Tabel 4.6 Pemilihan Metode Proyeksi...........................................................................IV - 11
Tabel 4.7 Data Curah Hujan Maksimum.......................................................................IV - 12
Tabel 4.8 Perhitungan Analisa Frekuensi.......................................................................IV - 12
Tabel 4.9 Regresi Linear Pada Extreme Probability Paper............................................IV - 13
Tabel 4.10 Rainfall Intensity ...........................................................................................IV - 14
Tabel 4.11 Desain Rainfal Intensity Untuk Periode Ulang .............................................IV - 14
Tabel 4.12 Intensitas Hujan Untuk Periode Ulang Hujan 2 Tahun..................................IV - 15
Tabel 4.13 Intensitas Hujan Untuk Periode Ulang Hujan 5 Tahun..................................IV - 15
Tabel 4.14 Intensitas Hujan Untuk Periode Ulang Hujan 10 Tahun................................IV - 16
Tabel 4.15 Intensitas Hujan Untuk Periode Ulang Hujan 25 Tahun...............................IV - 16

Tabel 4.16 Asumsi Penambahan Fasilitas Kota...............................................................IV - 21

Tabel 4.17 Rekapitulasi Kebutuhan Air Bersih................................................................IV - 22
Tabel 4.18 Jarak Manhole Menurut Diameter.................................................................IV - 23
Tabel 4.19 Diameter manhole Menurut Kedalaman .......................................................IV - 24
Table 5.1 Nilai Koefisien Limpasan Permukaan (C)......................................................V - 2
Table 5.2 Perhitungan Debit Pengaliran Air Hujan Belawan II.....................................V - 4
Table 5.3 Jumlah Air Buangan Kelurahan Belawan II...................................................V - 4
Table 5.4 Perhitungan Panjang Saluran Terpisah ..........................................................V - 7
Table 5.5 Perhitungan Panjang Saluran Tercampur ......................................................V - 7
Table 5.6 Distribusi Penduduk Domestik di Kelurahan Belawan II..............................V - 9

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Table 5.7 Distribusi Penduduk SR dan HU di Kelurahan Belawan II...........................V - 9
Table 5.8 Persebaran Fasilitas Nondomestik di Kelurahan Belawan II.........................V - 10
Table 5.9 Ekivalensi Penduduk Non Domestik Daerah Pelayanan Blok A....................V - 11
Table 5.10 Ekivalensi Penduduk Non Domestik Daerah Pelayanan Blok B....................V - 12
Table 5.11 Ekivalensi Penduduk Non Domestik Daerah Pelayanan Blok C....................V - 13
Table 5.12 Penentuan Dimensi Pipa, Waktu Tempuh, dan Profil Saluran Air Buangan...V - 22

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Penempatan Pipa Di Pinggir Jalan ..............................................................II - 22

Gambar 2.2 Penempatan Pipa Di Tengah Jalan ..............................................................II - 22
Gambar 2.3 Penempatan Pipa Di Kiri Dan Kanan Jalan .................................................II - 22
Gambar 2.4 Penempatan Pipa Bila Elevasi Jalan Lebih Rendah .....................................II - 22
Gambar 2.5 Penempatan Pipa Di Kedua Sisi Jalan .........................................................II - 23
Gambar 2.6 Bentuk Saluran Air Buangan Yang Terbuka ...............................................II - 23
Gambar 2.7 Bentuk Saluran Air Buangan Untuk Fluktuasi Aliran Yang Besar ..............II - 23
Gambar 2.8 Bentuk Saluran Air Buangan Untuk Saluran Tertutup ................................II - 24
Gambar 2.9 Istilah Jaringan Perpipaan Air Buangan ......................................................II - 24
Gambar 3.1 Peta Administrasi Kelurahan Belawan II ....................................................III - 2
Gambar 3.2 Peta Topografi Kelurahan Belawan II..........................................................III - 3
Gambar 3.3 Peta Tata Guna Lahan Kelurahan Belawan II..............................................III - 4
Gambar 4.1 Peta Pembagian Blok Kelurahan Belawan II...............................................III - 3
Gambar 5.1 Peta Saluran Air Buangan dan Drainase Kelurahan Belawan II..................V - 16

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Gambar 5.2 Gambar Penampang Melintang Saluran Drainase Kelurahan Belawan II

Gambar 5.3 Gambar Penampang Saluran Air Buangan Kelurahan Belawan II Jalur 2-4
Gambar 5.4 Gambar Penampang Saluran Air Buangan Kelurahan Belawan II Jalur 1-2
Gambar 5.5 Gambar Penampang Saluran Air Buangan Kelurahan Belawan II Jalur 2-3
Gambar 5.6 Gambar Bangunan Pelengkap (Street Inlet) Kelurahan Belawan II
Gambar 5.7 Gambar Bangunan Pelengkap (manhole tipe A) Kelurahan Belawan II
Gambar 5.8 Gambar Bangunan Pelengkap (manhole tipe B) Kelurahan Belawan II

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