Apuntes INGLES2 Bach 1 E1617

ENGLISH
2nd BACHILLERATO
1st Term
La Inmaculada Padres Franciscanos School
Academic Year 2016/ 2017

1st Term
1. ESTNDARES BSICOS Y NO BSICOS

2. GRAMMATICAL POINTS
1. AS. Difference between prepositions AS and LIKE.
2. Conditionals.
3. Concessive clauses.
2. VOCABULARY
1. Synonyms: nouns, adjetives, verbs, prepositions,etc.
2. Adjetives+ preposition.
3. FALSE FRIENDS.
4. Conjunctions and connectors.
3. PAU TEXTS ( Pruebas de Acceso a la Universidad).
4. ANNEX. Tenses / prefixes and suffixes. Modal Verbs.
5. PAU SUGGESTIONS.
1. ESTNDARES BSICOS Y NO BSICOS
LISTENING
Bsicos
LISTENING 1 Difficult situations
1. Fill the gaps with the correct option from the box.
Friend / dad / her dog got hit by a car / he failed his exam / mum / the mobile phone he
borrowed got stolen
1. The boy is telling his __________ that _________________________________.
2. The girl is telling her __________ that _________________________________.
3. The boy is telling his ___________that __________________________________.
2. Are the sentences true or false?
A - The boy revised all weekend for his Economics exam.

True False
A - It wasn't an important exam.

True False
A - His mum is worried about the cost of retaking the course.

True False
B - The girl and the dog were playing in the park.

True False
B - She took Bonzo to the vet's straight away.

True False
B - She had only had Bonzo for a short time.

True False
C - The boy was using the phone when someone stole it.
True False
C - The boy thinks he would recognise the thief. 1

True False
C - The dad will see if the phone is insured.
True False
3. Have you been in any difficult situations recently? What happened?
LISTENING 2 New inventions The British Council Learn English Teens B2
1. Put the inventions in the correct groups.
Digital running shoes (that give you performance statistics)

Wing-suits (that enable you to fly)
Air-maker (for use on other planets)
Solar water distiller
Sign language translation gloves
Bio-fabric clothes (that change according to the wearer's mood)
Time travel machine
Cloud-maker machine
Real inventions Fictional inventions
2. Are the sentences true or false?
1.Wing-suits allow people to fly or glide.

True False
2.Wing-suits are getting cheaper.

True False
3.Gabriele Diamanti's water distiller is powered by the sun.

True False
4.The "enable talk gloves" help people to use sign language in really cold conditions.
True False
5.James Cameron invented a new underwater camera. 2

True False
6.MIT students have invented a new type of ketchup.
True False
7.The last invention is a way of producing clouds indoors.

True False
8.The science correspondent thinks the clouds are ugly.

True False
3.Write the word to fill the gaps.
1. Wing-suits are not very ______________________ but the modern ones are better
than ever.
2. Last October was the first ever wing-suit world _________________
in China.
3. You can buy a wing-suit for 600 to ______________________ dollars.
4. The water distiller is for places where it's hard to get clean
_____________________ water.
5. To produce the water distiller properly, they still need help with
__________________________.
6. The "enable talk gloves" were invented by some Ukrainian
__________________________.
7. The gloves use sensors to turn sign language into__________________ and then into
spoken _______________________.
8. James Cameron was part of a team which designed a submarine capable of
descending to ____________________ kilometres down.
9. James Cameron was the first person to do a solo __________________
so deep under the sea.
10. MIT students have invented a product that helps people get the contents out of
______________________.
11. A Dutch _______________has found a way of creating clouds indoors.
12. You can't make clouds for yourself at _______________________ yet.
3
LISTENING
No Bsicos
Listening 1 The British Council Learn English Teens A2
WEATHER FORECAST
Listen to the weather forecast and do the exercises.
1. (Do this exercise while you listen). Match the two parts of the sentences.
Rainy / cloudy and sunny / dry and cloudy/ windy.
a. The weather in the north is mostly __________________________

b. The weather in the east is mostly __________________________
c. The weather in the west is mostly __________________________
d. The weather in the south is mostly __________________________
2. Listen to the recording again and write the word to fill the gaps.
a. Welcome to the weather forecast. Now, let's see what the weather
is _______________________ today.
b. In the north of the country it's very windy and cold. There is a
_______________________ of some rain too, so don't leave home
without your umbrella!
c. The temperature is around 10 ________________ centigrade.
d. In the east its rainy all day today, I'm afraid. There may be a thunderstorm in
the afternoon. The ____________________ is
a bit higher, at around 13 degrees.
e. In the west and middle of the country the weather is dry
________________________ cloudy.
f. The south of the country has the _________________ weather
today. It's cloudy most of the time but sunny this afternoon.
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LISTENING 2
How to study
1. (Do this exercise before you listen).

Put the study ideas in the correct groups.
Answer emails, text messages and Facebook messages immediately
Take regular breaks
Think long term
Make a study timetable
Work where there are distracting noises
Just read your notes, but dont highlight them or write anything extra
Good study habits Bad study habits
2. (Do this exercise while you listen).
Are the sentences true or false?
a. The students will be taking exams soon.

True False
b. A revision timetable could be from one to six weeks.
True False
c. No one can really concentrate properly with music on.
True False
d. You should try to forget about the internet, text messages, Twitter, Facebook, etc.
while you're studying.
True False
e. You should try not to have a break until you really need one.
True False
f. Underlining or highlighting your notes is better than writing more notes. 5
True False
g. Mind maps are good because they mirror the way the brain works.
True False
h. The most important thing is to remember the information. You don't have to
understand it.
True False
3. (Do this exercise while you listen).

Complete the sentences with one to three words.
1. Some of you are probably fantastic at studying, really organised and

_______________________.
2. It's a good idea to have some kind of _____________________

or_____________________________.
3. If you're studying for an important exam, it's important to think

___________________________.
4. Make sure the place where you're going to study is __________,
with no distracting _______________________.
5. If you have to work near a TV, you might have to use

_____________________ to drown out the sound of the TV.
6. While you're studying, you should _______________________
the internet, text messages, Facebook, etc.
7. You should plan your studying and take regular _____________.
8. It is better to write notes, so your mind is __________________

the information more.
9. Mind maps seem to work in the same way the_______________

works.
10. Which study method you choose all depends on your personal
______________________.
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SPEAKING
1- Haz una presentacin sobre el desarrollo de un experimento cientfico, un
anlisis de la guerra en Siria, el problema del hambre en frica, la migracin de
los sirios hacia Europa, la cuestin del fanatismo musulmn o cualquier otro
anlisis de otros aspectos histricos, sociales o econmicos. ( Bsico)(Individual)
2. Representa una conversacin telefnica entre tu y un servicio tcnico de un

electrodomstico con el fin de resolver un problema con el mismo; solicita por
telfono informacin detallada sobre cursos de ingls en el extranjero y pregunta
sobre los problemas que puedan surgir una vez all; escribe el texto de una
videoconferencia entre dos personas que estn reunidas por trabajo; escribe el
texto de mensajes de voz entre dos personas, una de ellas habla con el servicio del
Padrn Municipal para inscribirse con otro domicilio. ( No bsico ) (Parejas)
READING
Bsicos
job_adverts_-_adverts_0.pdf
job_adverts_-_exercises_0.pdf
my_city_-_flyer_3.pdf
my_city_-_exercises_4.pdf
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1. AS
Puede ser conjuncin temporal, causal y modal. Tambin puede usarse para expresar una correlacin y
adems puede significar lo que `.
1) Temporal. (cuando, mientras, a medida que ).
George arrived as I left `.

The man slipped as he was getting off the train `.
As the day went on, the weather got worse `.
Seguida de JUST : Just as I sat down, the phone rang.
2) Causal. ( porque, ya que, como )
As they live near us, we see them quite often.
3) Modal (como).
As you know, its Toms birthday tomorrow `.
En este caso puede ir seguido de IF :
They looked at me as if I were mad `
AS IF es igual a AS THOUGH ( como si )
Es muy comn el uso de IF detrs de los verbos LOOK, SOUND, FEEL y SMELL.
You look as if you havent slept.
4. Correlacin ( comparativo de igualdad)
As as / not so as
She is as intelligent as they told me.
5) LO QUE.
Do as you are told `.
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AS y LIKE como preposiciones
Los dos significan como, pero like se usa para decir que algo o alguien es similar a otra cosa o persona.
What a beautiful house. Its like a palace `.
Like va seguido de un nombre o pronombre, mientras que as slo puede ir seguido de nombre.
You should have done it like this `.
Like tambin se usa detrs del verbo TO LOOK cuando ste va seguido de un nombre. Significa parecerse
a.
You look like your sister.
Ambas preposiciones pueden ir seguidas de gerundios o de sustantivos, pero as debe llevar such delante.
Some sports, such as motor-racing, can be dangerous `.

like motor-racing
Expresiones con AS: AS USUAL (como siempre, como de costumbre)

AS A DOCTOR, TEACHER, etc
I work as a doctor. ( Trabajo de doctor)
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AS ______ Practice
1. Say what the use of AS is in the following sentences: Time, reason, manner or comparison.
1. As I promised, here are the books by Shakespeare. __________________.

2. It started to rain as I arrived at the beach. __________________________.
3. I will make you some coffee as you dont like tea. ___________________.
4. As he was climbing the ladder, he slipped. ________________________.
5. He is not so clever as everyone thinks. ___________________________.
2. Complete the sentences with AS ( reason ).
1. As tomorrow is a public holiday, ______________________________________________.
2. As it was a nice day, ________________________________________________________.
3. As we didnt want to wake anyone up, ___________________________________________.
4. As there isnt anything to eat in the house, ________________________________________.
5. As the door was open, _______________________________________________________.
6. As I didnt have money for a taxi, ______________________________________________.
3. Use the sentences below to make sentences with AS IF.
she was enjoying it they hadnt eaten for ages you need a good rest
she was going to throw it at him he was half-asleep
1. They were extremely hungry and ate their dinner very quickly.
They ate their dinner as if ____________________________________________________.
2. When you talked to Jack on the phone last night, he spoke with difficulty. And he
said some strange things. He sounded ___________________________________________.
3. Tom looks very tired. You say to him: You look ___________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
4. Ann and Tom were having an argument. She was very angry. Suddenly she picked up a
plate. She looked __________________________________________________________.
5. Carol had a bored expression on her face during the concert.

She didnt look ____________________________________________________________.
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4. Complete each sentence with as if + oracin.
1. Im not a child, but sometimes you talk to me _____________________________________.
2. She doesnt know me, so why did she smile at me ________________________________?
3. Hes not my boss, but he sometimes acts _________________________________________.
4. Dont look at me ____________________________________________________________.
5.I love the way she sings. She sings ______________________________________________.
5. Complete with AS y LIKE. AS can also appear as a conjunction.
1. Do you think Ann looks ________________________ her mother.

2. He really gets on my nerves. I cant stand people _____________________ him.
3. Why didnt you do it ________________ I told you to do it?
4. He never listens. Talking to him is ____________________ talking to a wall.
5. _________________ I said yesterday, Im thinking of going to Canada.
6. Toms idea seemed a good one, so we did ________________ he suggested.
7. Its a difficult problem. I never know what to do in situations _____________ this.
8. Ill phone you tomorrow evening ________________ usual, okay?
9. This coffee is terrible. It tastes __________________ water.
10. Suddenly there was a terrible noise. It was ________________ a bomb exploding.
11. She s a really good swimmer. She swims ________________ a fish.
12. My feet are really cold. Theyre _______________ blocks of ice.
13. Hes 35 but he sometimes behaves __________________ a child.
14. Hes decided to give up his job ______________ a journalist and become a teacher.
15. His house is full of lots of interesting things: Its ____________ a museum.
16. Your English is very fluent. I wish I could speak _______________ you.
17. When we asked Jack to help us, he agreed immediately, _______________ I knew he would.
18. While we were on holiday, we spent most of our time doing energetic things _____________
Sailing, water-skiing and swimming.
19. Anns been working _____________ a waitress for the last few weeks.
20. I think I prefer this room ____________ it was, before we decorated it.
21. He wastes too much time doing things _______________ sitting in cafs all day.
22. The weather is terrible for the middle of summer. Its ______________ winter.
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2. CONDITIONAL CLAUSES
Van introducidas por la conjuncin IF (si). Existen tres tipos.
TYPE I
Oracin subordinada condicional Oracin principal
Present simple -------------------------------------------- Future simple

Modal+infinitive
Imperative
If you work this summer, you will earn some money.

you can meet new people.
If you dont like this food, have a sandwich.
Otra posible combinacin dentro de este tipo consiste en poner el verbo de la subordinada en present
continuous o con la forma TO BE GOING TO y el de la principal en future simple.
If youre studying tonight, youll have to drink some coffee to keep yourself awake.
TYPE II
Past simple ------------------------------------------------- Conditional Simple

Would + Infinitivo
Could
Might
If they drank coffee, they would sleep badly.
El verbo en past simple se traduce al espaol por pretrito imperfecto de subjuntivo.

En este tipo de condicional la forma de pasado del verbo to be es WERE para todas las personas puesto
que se trata de un subjuntivo, aunque es ms usado WAS.
If I were / was taller, Id be happier.
Existe la expresin IF I WERE YOU ( si yo fuera tu, yo de ti, yo en tu lugar ), que se usa para expresar
consejo.
If I were you, I wouldnt do that.
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TYPE III
Past Perfect -------------------------------------------- Conditional Perfect
Would + HAVE + PP
Could
Might
If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.
El verbo en past perfect se traduce por pretrito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo.
Existe tambin un tipo de condicional llamado ZERO CONDITIONAL, que consiste en expresar las dos
oraciones en present simple. En este caso la condicin siempre se cumple.
If you pour oil on water, it floats.
En las condicionales, el orden de las oraciones no importa. Puede ir primero la subordinada condicional y
despus la principal o viceversa. En el primer caso, hay que poner una coma entre ambas.
If you pour oil on water, it floats.

Oil floats if you pour it on water.
Las oraciones condicionales pueden tambin ir introducidas por la conjuncin UNLESS, que se
traduce por SI NO, A NO SER QUE o A MENOS QUE.
UNLESS es igual a IF + NOT, por lo que el verbo de su oracin tiene que ser afirmativo.
I wont go out unless it stops raining.

I wont go out if it doesnt stop raining.
Otras conjunciones condicionales son SUPPOSING ( suponiendo que, en caso de que, si) y IN CASE( por
si).
Supposing I said yes, would that surprise you?
Take your umbrella with you in case it rains
Las conjunciones PROVIDED (THAT) , PROVIDING (THAT) y AS LONG AS pueden

sustituir a IF enfatizando la condicin. Se traducen por SLO EN CASO DE QUE o A CONDICIN DE
QUE.
Providing (that) you work harder, youll have a rise.

You can use my car as long as you drive carefully.
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CONDITIONALS _________________ Practice
1. Complete with the PAST SIMPLE or CONDITIONAL SIMPLE.
1. What would happen if you (not go) _________________________ to go to work

tomorrow?
2. Many people would be out of work if that factory (close) ___________________ down?
3. Ann gave me this ring. She (be) ____________________ terribly upset if I lost it.
4. If someone (walk) ______________________ in here with a gun, Id be very frightened.
5. If she sold her car, she (not/ get) ________________________ much money for it.
6. Would George be angry if I (take)_________________________ his bicycle without
asking?
7. They would be disappointed if we (not come) _____________________________.
8. If I was offered the job I think I (take) _____________________________.
9. If I found one hundred pounds in the street, I (keep) ______________________________
it.
10. Theyd be rather angry if you (not visit) ____________________________them.
11. If I (know) _____________________ her number, I would telephone her.
12. If I were you, I (not marry) ________________________ him.
13. Id help you if I (can) ____________________, but Im afraid I cant.
14. I wouldnt mind living in England if the weather (be) _____________________ better.
15. I (give) __________________________ you a cigarette if I had one but Im afraid I
havent.
.
2. Complete with the PAST PERFECT or the CONDITIONAL PERFECT
1. If I (know) __________________________ that you were ill last week, Id have gone to
see you.
2. Tom (not enter) ____________________________ for the examination if he had known that
It would be so difficult.
3. We might not have stayed at this hotel if George (not recommend) _____________________
_______________________ it to us.
4. Its good that Ann reminded me about Toms birthday. I ( forget) ______________________
________________________ if she hadnt reminded me.
5. Id have sent you a postcard while I was on holiday if I (have) _________________________
your address.
6. Tom got to the station in time.If he (miss) ____________________________the train, he
would have been late for his interview.
7.If you had told me the truth before, I (believe) _________________________________ you.
8. Kathryn wouldnt have become ill if she (not eat) __________________________________
so many chocolates.
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3. Write the sentences again beginning them with UNLESS.
1. We wont buy any fish today if it isnt cheaper than yesterday.
___________________________________________________________________________.
1. If you dont go to the party, theyll be disappointed.
___________________________________________________________________________.
2. I cant help her if she doesnt want to talk to me.
______________________________________________________________________________.
3. If it doesnt stop raining, well stay at home.
______________________________________________________________________________.
4. If he doesnt go to the post office, he wont buy the stamps.
______________________________________________________________________________.
5. George wont come out of hospital if he doesnt feel better.
______________________________________________________________________________.
4.Correct the sentences.
1. If I will have time this afternoon, Ill visit you. _________________________________________.

2. If I was you, Id take a taxi. _______________________________________________________.
3. We would have stayed in for dinner if we would have known you were coming.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
4. Unless he phone now, we wont wait for him.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
5. If it will be warm and sunny tomorrow, well go to the beach.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
6. If I were rich, Ill buy a yacht. ______________________________________________________.
7. You wont go to the cinema unless you dont study.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
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5. Translate.
1. No cogeremos el tren a menos que nos demos prisa.

_______________________________________________________________________________.
2. Si Peter no hubiera conducido tan deprisa, no habra tenido un accidente.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
3. Solo en caso de que me despierte a tiempo, te acompaar.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
4. Yo de ti, no comprara ese abrigo.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
5. Si no estuviera lloviendo, podramos comer en el jardn.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
6. No podramos haber comprado el coche si no nos hubieses prestado el dinero.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
7. A no ser que descanses, maana no podrs ir a trabajar.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
8. Me casar slo en caso de que conozca a un millonario.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
9. Si el tiempo fuera bueno, no me importara vivir all.
_______________________________________________________________________________.
10. Qu haras si alguien robara tu bolso ?
_______________________________________________________________________________.
6. Writing.
1. If you were on a desert island, what would you do? ( 25-50 words)
2. Imagine there have been a fire in your house and you just had time to take some objects. What would
you have taken and why? ( 25-50 words).
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3. CONCESSIVE CLAUSES
Cuando queremos contrastar dos hechos, usamos una oracin concesiva, que pueden ir introducidas por las
conjunciones ALTHOUGH, THOUGH o EVEN THOUGH. Otras palabras que pueden expresar estas
oraciones son las preposiciones IN SPITE OF y DESPITE.
a. ALTHOUGH/ THOUGH/ EVEN THOUGH.
1. Significan aunque.
2. THOUGH puede usarse en lugar de ALTHOUGH en estilo informal. EVEN
THOUGH es la forma enftica de ALTHOUGH. Es decir, se usa cuando queremos
darle una mayor importancia al hecho de la oracin que va introducida por esa
conjuncin.
3. Como son conjunciones, las tres van seguidas de una oracin.
Although she smokes a lot, shes quite fit.

I didnt get the job though I had the necessary qualifications.
Even though I tried hard, I couldnt solve the problem.
b. DESPITE/ IN SPITE OF
1. Significan a pesar de.

2. Van seguidas de un nombre, pronombre o verbo en gerundio
In spite of the rain, we enjoyed our holiday.

Despite the rain, we enjoyed our holiday.
In spite of this, I still love you.

Despite this, I still love you.
Im not tired in spite of working hard all day.

Im not tired despite working hard all day.
3. Slo pueden ir seguidas de una oracin cuando van acompaadas de the fact (that).
In spite of the fact that I was tired, I couldnt sleep.

MAL: In spite of I was tired, I couldnt sleep.
Despite the fact that I was tired,I couldnt sleep.
MAL: Despite I was tired, I couldnt sleep.
A pesar de que estaba cansado, no pude dormir. 17

CONCESSIVE CLAUSES_____ Practice
1. Complete the sentences with ALTHOUGH, THOUGH,DESPITE o IN SPITE OF.
1. ______________________ being tired, we carried on walking.

2. Karen decided to give up his job _______________________ I advised him not to.
3. They went to the beach _______________________ the bad weather.
4. I love music ____________________ I cant play a musical instrument.
5. He decided to go home ______________________ he didnt want to.
6. ________________________ it was raining, we went out for a walk.
7. ________________________ not having slept for two days, he looked perfectly fine.
8. Even ____________________ she didnt like him, she had to accept the invitation.
9. _________________________ all my careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.
10. _________________________ I had planned everything carefully, a lot of things went
wrong.
11. The heating was on but, ______________________ this, the house was still cold.
12. Even ______________________ she was very unhappy, she couldnt cry.
13. _________________________ it was very hot, he didnt take his coat off.
14. ________________________ the fact I hadnt studied for the exam, I passed it.
15. She didnt look depressed ________________________ the terrible situation she was going
through.
16. We decided to go swimming _____________________ the rain.
17. _______________________ my children are 12 years old, they still believe in Father
Christmas.
18. _______________________ we worked a lot last year, we didnt earn enough.
2. Rewrite the sentences using first ALTHOUGH and then IN SPITE OF.
a.It was raining but she didnt take an umbrella.
_______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. The meal was very expensive but he enjoyed it.

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
c. Spain lost the match but they played better than Italy
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
d. She lives on the first floor but she never takes the lift.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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3. Rewrite the sentences again using the words in brackets.
1. In spite of his young age, he had travelled around the world. (although).
Although __________________________________________________________________.
2. Although we enjoy watching films very much, we seldom go to the cinema. (despite)
Despite ___________________________________________________________________.
3. He rescued the little girl although he couldnt swim very well. ( in spite of)
In spite of _________________________________________________________________.
4. I decided to accept the job although the salary was low. (in spite of).
In spite of _________________________________________________________________.
5. We finally bought the car in spite of the fact that it was very expensive.(although).
Although __________________________________________________________________.
6. Although hes got lots of money, he never spends a penny. (in spite of).
In spite of __________________________________________________________________.
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VOCABULARY
1. SYNONYMS
ADJECTIVES
1. Write down a synonym for each of the words on the left.
1. exciting _______________________ dreadful

2. sad _______________________ dear
3. polite _______________________ furious
4. shy _______________________ evil
5. amusing _______________________ unhappy
6. expensive _______________________ unattractive
7. stubborn _______________________ witty
8. hard-working _______________________ inquisitive
9. boring _______________________ wealthy
10. wicked _______________________ reserved
11. curious _______________________ obstinate
12. rich _______________________ well-mannered
13. terrible _______________________ industrious
14. angry _______________________ uninteresting
15. ugly _______________________ thrilling
1. funny _______________________ hopeful

2. angry _______________________ furious
3. glad _______________________ clever
4. dull _______________________ simple
5. optimistic _______________________ terrible
6. handsome _______________________ amusing
7. impolite _______________________ huge
8. nice _______________________ marvellous
9. easy _______________________ inexpensive
10. intelligent _______________________ peculiar
11. awful _______________________ good-looking
12. quiet _______________________ pleasant
13. cheap _______________________ rude
14. strange _______________________ boring
15. very big _______________________ silent
16. wonderful _______________________ happy
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1. giddy ____________________________ insane

2. chatty ____________________________ dependable
3. stingy ____________________________ likeable
4. intentional ____________________________ aware
5. hopeless ____________________________ childish
6. absurd ____________________________ deliberate
7. mad ____________________________ disgusting
8. pensive ____________________________ dizzy
9 immature ____________________________ mean
10. reliable ____________________________ really hungry
11. disgraceful ____________________________ ridiculous
12. weird ____________________________ talkative
13. amiable _____________________________ thoughtful
14. famished _____________________________ pathetic
15. conscious _____________________________ peculiar
1. odd ______________________________ good-looking

2. cheeky ______________________________ pleasant
3. enormous ______________________________ conceited
4. hilarious _______________________________ terrible
5. bashful _______________________________ peculiar
6. enjoyable _______________________________ huge
7. ample _______________________________ stubborn
8. vital _______________________________ shy
9. attractive _______________________________ enthusiastic
10.unbelievable ______________________________ genuine
11. big-headed _______________________________ rude
12. keen _______________________________ sufficient
13. authentic _______________________________ incredible
14. obstinate _______________________________ essential
15. appalling _______________________________ very funny
1. Annoyed _____________________________ huge

2. Peculiar _____________________________ affluent
3. Impolite _____________________________ industrious
4. Unbelievable _____________________________ obstinate
5. Hard-working _____________________________ irritated
6. wealthy ______________________________ odd
7. enormous ______________________________ incredible
8. stubborn ______________________________ dependable
9. reliable ______________________________ exciting
10. thrilling ______________________________ rude 21
VERBS
1. talk ________________________ depart

2. love ________________________ help
3. hate ________________________ adore
4. fall ________________________ mend
5. phone _________________________ receive
6. swim _________________________ allow
7. leave _________________________ comprehend
8. let _________________________ ring
9. ask _________________________ loathe
10. cry _________________________ require
11. assist _________________________ weep
12. get _________________________ speak
13. need _________________________ inquire
14. understand _________________________ stumble
15. repair _________________________ bathe
1. detest _________________________ go in
2. inform _________________________ disappear
3. enter _________________________ buy
4. brag _________________________ loathe
5. purchase _________________________ stumble
6. accomplish _________________________ achieve
7. moan _________________________ change
8. vanish _________________________ remember
9. spoil _________________________ postpone
10. put off _________________________ frighten
11. recollect _________________________ ruin
12. scare _________________________ happen/ take place
13. trip _________________________ notify
14. alter _________________________ complain
15. occur _________________________ boast
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3. Complete the sentences with a synonym of the verbs in brackets in the same form or tense.
a. Being a gentleman, I allowed the women to ( go in) _______________________ first.

b. They were all watching the U.F.O. when it suddenly (disappeared) _________________.
c. This is something I (bought) ___________________ from an antique dealer in Chelsea.
d. I love watching football, but my wife (loathes) ________________________ it.
e. He (stumbled) ______________________ and fell as she was leaving the church.
f. You wont (achieve) _________________________ anything if you dont work harder.
g. The manuscript is basically good but there are still parts of it that need to be (changed)
______________________________.
h. I couldnt (remember) _____________________________ where I had first met her.
i. The match has been (postponed) __________________________ until next week.
j. Alfred Hitchcocks films really (frighten) _________________________ me; especially
the one he made about a lot of birds attacking people.
k. Bad weather completely (ruined) ___________________________ the Garden Party.
l. I dont like the new secretary very much; shes always (complaining)
____________________ about something or other.
m. Can you tell me in your own words exactly what (happened) ____________________?
n. Would you please (notify) _________________________ me the moment Miss Baker
(gets back) ________________________________?
o. I cant stand Doreen. Shes always (boasting) ________________________ about the
places shes been to.
4. Complete the sentences with a synonym of the adjectives in brackets.
1. Theres only one way of describing Hitler. He was completely (insane)___________________.

2. Our new neighbours are very (talkative) __________________________, arent they?
3. I wish youd grow up! Youre so (childish) _____________________________.
4. A good friend is someone who is kind, considerate and totally (dependable) ________________.
5. Our new neighbour isnt too bad at all. In fact shes quite (likeable) _______________________.
6. He was one of the most (good-looking) __________________________ men she had ever seen.
7. Have you seen Janes house? Its really (enormous) ______________________.
8. He wont take my advice. Hes so (stubborn) ______________________.
9. I always get very (dizzy) _______________________ when I stand on the top of high buildings.
10. We had a really (pleasant) _______________________ time in Brighton last week.
11.You must read this story. Its quite (incredible) _____________________________.
12. Hard work and ambition are (essential) _______________________ if you want to get on in life.
13. I was always very (shy) _______________________ as a child and hated going to parties or
meeting new people.
14. It looked like ( a genuine) an __________________________ Picasso, but it was a copy.
15. You are (conscious) ___________________________ of the fact that hes married, arent you?
16. My son loves school. In fact in some ways hes too (enthusiastic) _____________________. I
mean, its the only thing he talks about.
17. I could eat a horse! Im (really hungry) _____________________________!
18. David is always telling people how good he is at everything. Hes so (conceited)
_____________________________.
23
19. Theres something very (peculiar) ___________________________ about Mr Browns

behaviour today. Havent you noticed?
20. I didnt mean to break it. It wasnt (deliberate) _____________________________.
21. Take those trousers off! You look (ridiculous) _________________________ in them!
22. Your behaviour last night was absolutely ( disgusting)__________________________.
23. The play last night was (terrible) _______________________ .
24. I think she is going to have a lot of problems with her children. Theyre so ( rude )
________________________ to everyone.
2. ADJETIVES + PREPOSITION
1. Nice/kind/good/generous/mean/stupid/silly/intelligent/clever/sensible/(im)polite/rude/ unreasonable OF.
Thank you. It was very kind of you to help me.
Nice/kind/good/generous/mean/(im)polite/rude/(un)pleasant/(un)friendly/cruel TO.
Why were you so rude to Ann?
2. Angry/ annoyed/ furious ABOUT something.

WITH someone FOR doing something.
I was angry about the noise you made.

They were furious with me for not inviting them to the party.
3. Delighted/ pleased/ satisfied/ disappointed WITH.

I was delighted with the present you gave me.
4. Bored/ fed up WITH. You get bored with doing the same every day.
5. Surprised/ shocked/ amazed/ astonished AT/ BY. Everybody was surprised at/by the news.
6. Excited/ worried/ upset ABOUT. Ann is upset about not being invited to the party.
7. Afraid/ frightened/ terrified/ scared OF. Im terrified of dogs.
8. Proud/ ashamed OF. Im not shamed of what I did.
9.Jealous/ envious/ suspicious OF. He is always jealous of other people.
10. Aware/ conscious OF. I wasnt aware of the fact that he was married.
11. Good/ bad/ excellent/ brilliant/ hopeless AT. Im not very good at repairing things.
12. Married/ engaged TO. Linda is married to an American. (not with an American).
13. Sorry ABOUT something. Im sorry about the noise last night.
FOR doing something. Im sorry for shouting at you yesterday. Aunque es ms usual decir
Im sorry I shouted at you yesterday.
14. To feel sorry FOR. I feel sorry for Tom. 24

15. Impressed BY/ WITH. I wasnt very impressed by/ with the film.
16. Famous FOR. The city of Florence is famous for its arts treasures.
17. Responsible FOR. You are responsible for all this disaster.
18. Different FROM/ TO. The film was quite different from/to what I expected.
19. Interested IN. Are you interested in art?
20. Capable/ incapable OF. Im sure you are capable of passing the examination.
21. Full OF. The writing was full of mistakes.
22. Short OF. Im a bit short of Money.
23. Tired OF. Come on, lets go! Im tired of waiting.
24. Similar TO. Your hat is similar to mine.
25. Crowded WITH. The city centre was crowded with tourists.
25
ADJECTIVES + PREPOSITION _______________ Practice

1. Complete with the right preposition.
1. I dont feel sorry ______________________ him. All his problems are his own fault.
2. I cant stop to talk to you now. Im a bit short __________________ time.
3. The editor is responsible ___________________ what appears in the newspaper.
4. This part of town is lively at night. Its always crowded __________________ people.
5. Im not interested ____________________ football.
6. Travelling is great at first but you get tired __________________ it after a while.
7. Im sorry ____________________ the smell in this room.
8. Man is now capable _________________ destroying the world with nuclear weapons.
9. Britain isnt famous _________________ its food.
10. Our house is similar _________________ theirs. I think ours is a bit larger.
11. Its very nice _________________ you to let me use your car. Thank you very much.
12. Why do you always get so annoyed ________________ little things?
13. Mr Davis spends a lot of time gardening. His garden is very well-kept and hes very proud
_________________ it.
14. I had never seen so many people before. I was ashtonished __________________ the crowds.
15. Bill has been doing the same job for years. Hes bored ________________ it.
16. Did you know that Linda is engaged ______________ a friend of mine?
17. I was disappointed _________________ the film about this book.
18. These days everybody is aware _________________ the dangers of smoking.
19. Are you still upset ________________ what I said to you yesterday?
20. We come from the same town but my accent is different __________________ his.
21. In the cupboard I found a box full _______________ old letters.
22. I felt sorry _______________ the children when we went on holiday. It rained every day.
23. I wasnt very impressed _________________ the service in the restaurant.
24. I was surprised ______________ the way he behaved.
25. Im hopeless _______________ repairing things.
26. Why are you so rude ________________ your parents? Cant you be nice _____________ them?
27. We enjoyed our holiday but we were disappointed ______________ the hotel.
28. She doesnt often go out at night. Shes afraid ______________ the dark.
29. It wasnt very polite ______________ him to leave without saying thank you.
30. She is very good ______________ languages. She speaks ten.
26
3. FALSE FRIENDS
Se denominan as las palabras que, aunque se parezcan a otras en castellano, tienen un significado
completamente distinto en ingls.
En la siguiente lista las palabras espaolas aparecen en cursiva.
Palabra Significado (ingls/castellano)
Actual _________________ real

Actual _________________ present, current
Actually __________________ en realidad, en efecto

Actualmente ______________ nowadays, at present, at the moment, these days, today
Advise _________________ aconsejar

Avisar _________________ warn
Advice _________________ consejo

Aviso _________________ warn, notice
Argument _______________ discusin, debate, disputa

Argumento ______________ plot (de una novela), topic, matter, issue
Assist __________________ ayudar, auxiliar

Asistir _________________ attend
Attend ________________ asistir a, ir a

Atender _______________ pay attention, take care of, look after
Avocado _______________ aguacate

Abogado _______________ lawyer
Career _______________ carrera (desarrollo de una profesin), aos de ejercicio.

Carrera ______________ race (coches, caballos), University studies (carrera universitaria)
Carpet _______________ alfombra, moqueta

Carpeta _______________ folder
Casual _______________ informal, desenfadado

Casual _______________ accidental
Conductor ____________ cobrador/revisor de autobs, director de orquestra

Conductor ____________ driver
Discussion __________ discusin (intercambio de ideas), debate.

Discusin __________ argument
27
Disgust _____________ repugnancia, asco
Disgusto _____________ annoyance, sorrow
Educated ____________ culto

Educado ____________ polite (corts), trained (preparado)
Embarrassed _________ avergonzado, desconcertado

Embarazada _________ pregnant
Eventually __________ finalmente, en definitiva

Eventualmente ________ temporarily, by chance
Exit _______________ salida

xito _______________ success
Firm _______________ empresa

Firma _______________ signatura
Idiom _______________ expresin idiomtica, modismo

Idioma ______________ language
In front _____________ delante

Enfrente ____________ opposite
Large _______________ grande

Largo _______________ long
Library _____________ biblioteca

Librera _____________ bookshop
Matters _____________ asuntos

Materias, asignaturas __ subjects
Notes ______________ notas, apuntes

Notas, calificaciones __ marks
Notice _____________ aviso, anuncio

Noticia _____________ news
Parents _____________ padres

Parientes ___________ relatives
Presume ___________ suponer

Presumir __________ be conceited (ser presumido)
28
Pretend __________ fingir

Pretender _________ intend, try, want, seek
Quiet ____________ callado

Quieto ___________ still
Realise ___________ darse cuenta

Realizar __________ do, make
Remove __________ quitar

Remover _________ stir
Sensible _________ sensato

Sensible _________ sensitive
Signature _________ firma

Asignatura ________ subject
Suburb ___________ barrio residencial en las afueras (no pobre)

Suburbio _________ slum
Succeed _________ tener xito

Suceder _________ happen, occur
Success _________ xito

Suceso _________ event, happening
Sympathetic _____ compasivo, comprensivo

Simptico _______ nice, friendly
Sympathy ______ compasin, psame

Simpata _______ affection, kindness
Vase __________ jarrn, florero

Vaso __________ glass
1. Choose the right words in brackets.
1. Our new neighbours invited us in for a cup of tea this morning. I must say they seem a very ( nice/
sympathetic) couple.
2. The question of equality between the sexes is very ( actual/ current ) nowadays.
3. How many ( idioms/ languages) can you speak?
29
4. Have you heard the ( notice/ news) today?
5. Tau library is ( opposite/ in front of ) Franciscanos school.
6. A ( director/ conductor) is someone who conducts an orquestra.
7. The (plot/ argument) of the film was very interesting but I didnt like the way it was directed.
8. Can you bring the (vase/ glass), please? Im going to drink some water.
9. What ( happened/succeeded) when you talked to your friend about it?
10. ( Actually/ At present ) there are a lot of people without jobs.
11. I went to the meeting last Monday. Did you (go/assist)?
12. Ive forgotten my (carpet/folder) at home. Ill have to come back.
13. That boy was not ( polite/ educated ). He was very rude to us.
14. Do you know how to ( realize/ make ) a cake?
15. Im sure this year Ill pass the course because so far Im having good ( marks/ notes) at the different
( matters/ subjects ).
16. He didnt ( intend/ pretend ) to go on holiday in June but his boss made him do it.
17. Mary is a very ( sensitive /sensible) girl. Everything affects her.
18. They are ( educated/ polite) people. They know about everything.
19. I know the ( conductor/ driver ) of this bus.
20. Why did you go to see that horrible film? Nobody ( advised/ warned) us it was a bad film.
21. When we were driving, we saw a terrible accident. We stopped and ( attended/ assisted) the people
because nobody had ( advised/ warned ) the police.
22. She was very happy when the doctor told her she was ( embarrassed/ pregnant ).
23. Do you have to study a lot of ( subjects/ matters ) at school?
24. It was an interesting ( career/ race). The car in the last position finally won it.
25. It was (sensible/ sensitive) to evacuate the building.

30
4. CONJUNCTIONS AND CONECTORS
CONJUNCTIONS
1. Conjunciones coordinantes: AND, OR, BUT.
2. Conjunciones subordinantes:
a. Temporales: AFTER ( despus de que ). We went out after the rain had stopped.
( Salimos despus de que la lluvia parase).
BEFORE ( antes de que ). Before he started to sing, everybody shouted at him.

( Antes de que empezara a cantar, todos le gritaron).
AS LONG AS ( tanto tiempo como)
Stay as long as you like.

( Qudate el tiempo que quieras.)
TILL, UNTIL ( hasta que). We wont go away until you return.

No nos iremos hasta que regreses.
WHEN (Cuando).
WHILE (Mientras). I was having a shower while you were reading the paper.
Estuve duchndome mientras leas el peridico.
AS ( Cuando, mientras, a medida que).
WHENEVER ( Siempre que ).
Whenever you tell me the story, I cry.

( Siempre que me cuentas la historia, lloro).
AS SOON AS ( en cuanto, tan pronto como).
Ill phone you as soon as I can. ( Te telefonear en cuanto pueda).
SINCE ( desde que).
I havent gone to the theatre since I last saw you.

( No he ido al teatro desde que te v por ltima vez).
31
BY THE TIME ( para cuando )
I intend to have travelled around the world by the time I am 30.

( Tengo la intencin de haber viajado por todo el mundo para cuando tenga 30 aos)
THE MOMENT THAT, THE MINUTE THAT, THE INSTANT THAT

(en el momento en que, en el minuto en que, en el instante en que ).
Ill phone you the moment/minute/instant that he comes back.

(Te telefonear en el momento/minuto/instante en que l regrese).
b. De lugar: WHERE ( donde)
WHEREVER ( dondequiera que)
Ill follow you wherever you go. ( Te seguir dondequiera que vayas).
c. Causales: BECAUSE ( porque)
SINCE ( ya que, puesto que)
I want you to go to bed, since its time to do it.

( Quiero que te acuestes, ya que (puesto que) es hora de hacerlo.
AS ( ya que, como)
He left early as he had to be home by 10.

( Se march temprano ya que tena que estar en casa a las 10 ).
As he had to be home by 10, he left early.

( Como tena que estar en casa a las 10, se march temprano).
d. Finales: IN ORDER THAT ( para )
Ill show you how to do it in order that I can teach you better.
(Te demostrar cmo hacerlo para poder ensearte mejor).
SO THAT ( para que)
We told him the truth so that he wouldnt discover it by himself.

(Le contamos la verdad para que l no lo descubriera por s mismo)
32
e. Consecutivas: SO ( as que )
So I could have gone./ As que podra haber ido.
SO + adjetivo o adverbio + THAT ( tan que)
He is so intelligent that he can speak ten languages.

(Es tan inteligente que sabe hablar diez idiomas ).
SUCH + ( A/AN) + adjetivo + nombre + THAT ( tan que)
He is such an intelligent man that he can speak ten languages.

(Es tan inteligente que sabe hablar diez idiomas )
f. Concesivas: ALTHOUGH, THOUGH, (Aunque ).EVEN THOUGH ( Aunque, an cuando)
Although I didnt want to go, I finally accepted.

Though I didnt want to go, I finally accepted.
Even though I didnt want to go, I finally accepted.
( Aunque no quera ir, al fin acept ).
g. Modales: AS ( Como).
As I told you, Im studying at university this year.

Como te dije, Estoy estudiando en la universidad este ao.
AS IF, AS THOUGH. ( Como si )
Why are you looking at me as if ( though ) you have seen a ghost?

( Por qu me miras como si hubieras visto un fantasma ?)
h. Condicionales: IF ( si )
If you had told me the truth, it would have been better.
( Si me hubieras dicho la verdad, habra sido mejor).
UNLESS ( si no, a no ser que, a menos que ).
You wont go out unless you study.

( No saldrs a menos que estudies ).
SUPPOSING
Supposing I said yes, would that surprise you?

( Suponiendo que dijera que s, te sorprendera? )
33
IN CASE
Take your umbrella with you in case it rains
( Coge el paragas por si llueve)
PROVIDED THAT/ PROVIDING THAT ( con tal de que/

a condicin de que )
Providing / provided that you get good marks, I will buy you the car.
( Te comprar el coche a condicin de que saques buenas notas ).
AS LONG AS ( con tal que ) Ill buy you the car as long as you get good marks
CONECTORES Y OTRAS EXPRESIONES TILES
BESIDES ( adverbio ) ( adems, encima, para colmo, por si fuera poco )

BESIDES THAT ( preposicin ) ( aparte / adems de eso )
FURTHERMORE ( adverbio ) (adems )

MOREOVER ( adverbio ) ( adems )
IN ADDITION ( adems, por aadidura ) / IN ADDITION TO ( adems de )
APART FROM THAT ( por lo dems)
AS WELL AS ( adems de, as como tambin )
AS WELL / TOO / ALSO ( Tambin) ( As well y too en posicin final )

( Also en posicin intermedia )
BOTH AND ( tanto como )

NOT ONLY BUT ALSO ( no solo sino tambin )
EITHER OR ( o o )
NEITHER NOR ( ni ni )
WHETHER OR ( si o )
LIKEWISE ( asimismo, del mismo modo)
OTHERWISE ( de otra manera, de otro modo, si no, aparte de eso )
. The dress is a little long, but otherwise it fits all right

( El vestido es un poco largo, pero aparte de eso le queda bien ).
You must think otherwise ( Debes pensar de otro modo )
34
OR ELSE ( si no, de otro modo ) Wed better hurry, or else well be late.
( Mejor que nos demos prisa, si no, vamos a llegar tarde ).
ON THE CONTRARY ( al contrario, por el contrario )
HOWEVER (sin embargo) ( se usa a principio de oracin )
I didnt tell him the truth; however he discovered it.

( No le cont la verdad; sin embargo la descubri.
STILL Conjuncin ( sin embargo, no obstante, con todo ) ( se usa a principio de oracin )
I thought we didnt have anything to eat; still we found some bread.

( Pensaba que no tenamos nada para comer; sin embargo encontramos pan)
Adverbio ( todava, an ) ( se usa en posicin media )

I still love him ( todava le quiero )
YET Conjuncin ( sin embargo, pero, y eso que ) ( se usa a principio de oracin)
Its a simple yet effective solution. ( Es una solucin sencilla pero efectiva)
Theyve done it and yet I told them to wait.

( Lo han hecho y sin embargo/ eso que les dije que esperaran).
Adverbio ( todava, an : frases negativas) ( se coloca al final de la oracin ).
Mary hasnt arrived yet. ( Mara todava no ha llegado).
( ya: frases interrogativas)
Has the teacher come yet? ( Ha llegado ya el profesor?)
Ocasionalmente puede significar todava en frases interrogativas cuando se quiere dar nfasis o para
expresar sorpresa.
Hasnt she gone yet? ( Todava no se ha ido ?
THOUGH Adverbio ( sin embargo) Se coloca al final de la oracin.
We had to queue for an hour. It was worth it, though.

( Tuvimos que hacer cola durante una hora. Sin embargo vali la pena).
35
INDEED ( De hecho, realmente ) Para introducir informacin adicional )
Many of the students, indeed 60%, are from overseas.

Muchos de los estudiantes, de hecho alrededor del 60%, son extranjeros.
WHEREAS ( Mientras que )
NEVERTHELESS ( No obstante )
DESPITE, IN SPITE OF ( A pesar de )
CONSEQUENTLY ( En consecuencia)
THEREFORE ( Por lo tanto, por consiguiente)
AS A RESULT ( Como resultado )
BECAUSE ( Porque)
FOR THIS REASON ( Por esta razn )
DUE TO ( Debido a ) + Noun or pronoun
The game was cancelled due to bad weather.

( El juego se cancel debido al mal tiempo).
DUE TO ( THE FACT THAT) (debido a que ) + sentence
El juego se cancel debido a que estaba lloviendo.

(The game was cancelled due to the fact that it was raining)
REGARDING, AS REGARDS, AS FOR, AS FAR AS IS CONCERNED ), WITH REGARD TO,

IN REGARD TO ( En cuanto a, por lo que se refiere a )
Regarding the project, I dont think it will be good for the town.
As regards the project, I dont think it will be good for the town.
As for the project, I dont think it will be good for the town.
As far as the project is concerned, I dont think it will be good for the town.
As far as the projects are concerned, I dont think theyt will be good for the town.
With regard to the project, I dont think it will be good for the town.
In regard to the project, I dont think it will be good for the town.
IN THIS REGARD ( Con respecto a esto )
36
IN FACT, ACTUALLY, AS A MATTER OF FACT, REALLY. (De hecho, en realidad)
TO BEGIN WITH/ TO START WITH ( Para empezar )
To begin with,I want to give an exact account of what happened.

( Para empezar, quiero dar un relato exacto de lo que sucedi).
FIRSTLY / IN THE FIRST PLACE, FOR ONE THING ( En primer lugar)

FIRST OF ALL ( Lo primero de todo)
AT FIRST SIGHT ( A primera vista)
SECONDLY/ IN THE SECOND PLACE. ( En segundo lugar)
FINALLY/ LASTLY ( Finalmente, por ultimo) IN CONCLUSION ( En conclusin)
IN MY OPINION/ IN MY VIEW ( En mi opinin)

FROM MY POINT OF VIEW ( Desde mi punto de vista)
PERSONALLY ( Personalmente)
AS I SEE IT ( Segn mi modo de entenderlo).
AS FAR AS I AM CONCERNED ( Por lo que a m respecta)
AS FAR AS I KNOW ( Que yo sepa)
ON THE ONE HAND ON THE OTHER HAND ( Por un lado/ parte por otro lado/parte).
THAT IS / THAT IS TO SAY ( Es decir)

IN OTHER WORDS ( En otras palabras)
IN THE SAME WAY ( De la misma forma)
TO SOME EXTEND/ TO A CERTAIN EXTEND/UP TO A POINT ( Hasta cierto punto, en cierto modo)
MORE OR LESS ( Ms o menos)
ANYWAY ( De cualquier manera) / IN ANY CASE ( En cualquier caso)
ON THE WHOLE/ IN GENERAL ( En general)
BASICALLY ( Bsicamente) / ESSENTIALLY ( Esencialmente) / IN ESSENCE ( En esencia)
ACCORDING TO ( Segn)
According to the doctor, Ill improve in a few days.

( Segn el doctor, mejorar en unos dias).
AFTER ALL ( Despus de todo)
37
IN CASE ( Por si )
IN ORDER TO ( Para)
ABOVE ALL ( Sobre todo)
IN SHORT ( En resumen)
TO SUM UP ( Resumiendo)
CONJUNCTIONS AND CONNECTORS . Practice
Translate.
1. Estoy de acuerdo con lo que ha dicho. Hasta cierto punto tiene razn.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
2. Desde mi punto de vista los idiomas deben aprenderse desde que se nace.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
3. En primer lugar, no creo que se hayan casado por amor. De otra manera lo habran demostrado.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
4. No te dejar salir hasta que me digas la verdad.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
5. Segn mi modo de entenderlo, eso es una grave equivocacin.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
6. No vine antes a causa de la lluvia.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
7. De cualquier modo regresar en cuanto pueda.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
8. Por lo que se, los precios subirn todava ms.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
9. No he estado en la biblioteca todava. Sin embargo, he visitado el comedor.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
10. Segn el doctor, mejorar si tomo estos comprimidos.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
38
11. En realidad, no dije lo que pensaba.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
12. Para empezar, l no est haciendo un trabajo muy bueno.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
13. La verdad es que no llegaron a tiempo. Por tanto, se perdieron el principio de la pelcula.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
14. Me quedar contigo hasta que haya una habitacin libre.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
15. Aunque el asesinato de ese hombre fue la causa inmediata, las verdaderas razones fueron mucho
ms complicadas.
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________.
16. De hecho, no pudimos regresar a tiempo.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
17. Haba muchos cuadros en la exposicin. No me gustaron, sin embargo.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
18. Ni Pedro ni Juan trabajan en la actualidad.

_____________________________________________________________________________.
19. Por lo que se refiere a los asuntos econmicos, creo que no se van a resolver.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
20. Por una parte el autor muestra la pobreza del pas, pero por otro lado ensea sus maravillosos
monumentos. __________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________.
39
1ST TERM SYNONYMS AND GRAMMAR . Practice
Translate
1. Su hermano ( de l ) se le parece a su padre, que es bajo y delgado.

____________________________________________________________________________________.
2. El piano sonaba como si estuviera desafinado

___________________________________________________________________________________.
4. James es un chico muy maleducado y adems muy engredo.

____________________________________________________________________________________.
5. Siento pena por aquellos nios.

____________________________________________________________________________________.
6. Quin es el responsable de todo este lo ?

___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Las nubes se desvanecieron de repente. ___________________________________________________.
8. Mara est casada con Jorge. ___________________________________________________________.
9. Ayer me pas algo muy extrao. _________________________________________________________.
10. Un amigo tiene que ser alguien de confianza y educado.

___________________________________________________________________________________.
11. Es muy amable por tu parte dejarme usar tu coche.

___________________________________________________________________________________.
12. Estoy encantado con la novela que me prestaste. Me gust mucho.

___________________________________________________________________________________.
13. Estos productos son muy caros. Necesito encontrar algo ms barato.
___________________________________________________________________________________.
14. Ojal no hubieras bebido tanto. Ahora no puedes conducir !

___________________________________________________________________________________.
15. Haca tanto fro que tuvimos que encender la calefaccin.

___________________________________________________________________________________.
16. Nos levantamos temprano para no llegar tarde.

___________________________________________________________________________________.
17. Ojal hubieras venido a la fiesta ______________________________________________________.
18. Par el coche para descansar un rato. Estaba bastante cansado.

___________________________________________________________________________________.
40
19. A pesar de que haba estudiado mucho, no aprob el examen.
___________________________________________________________________________________.
20. La calle era tan ancha que todas las cafeteras tenan sillas y mesas fuera.
___________________________________________________________________________________.
REWRITING
Rewrite the sentences with the beginning given.
1. It isnt necessary for you to go shopping.

You ________________________________________________________________________.
2. We were going to buy a flat, but he didnt have enough money.

If __________________________________________________________________________.
3. I havent eaten in a restaurant for three months.

The last time _________________________________________________________________.
4. Everyone has replied to the invitation except Robin.

The only _____________________________________________________________________.
5. If he doesnt pay the rent by Friday, Im going to be angry.

Unless _______________________________________________________________________.
6. I came to live here five years ago.

I have ________________________________________________________________________.
7. In spite of her rudeness, I still love him.

Even though ___________________________________________________________________.
8. Even though he was tired, he went on working.

Despite _______________________________________________________________________.
9. Henry is taller than John.

John isnt ______________________________________________________________________.
15. He fell off his horse at the last fence, so he didnt win the race.
If ____________________________________________________________________________.
16. Nothing important happened, so I didnt ring you.

If anything important had _________________________________________________________.
17. He kept quiet because he didnt want to be heard.

He kept quiet so that _____________________________________________________________.
41
42
1. Link each of the words or expressions listed below with one word or expression in the column (as
numbered in the text) [1 mark]. Please copy the correct pair of words on your answer sheet, e.g.
common and ...
Frontier selling prize matter benefit
award (1) and

border (2) and
profit (3) and
sale (4) and
issue (5) and
2. Reading comprehension
2.1. Choose the best option [0.75 marks]. Please copy the complete correct option on your answer
sheet.
About 54% of the ticket sales for Hollywood studios come from the United States.
About 54% of all movies are produced in Hollywood studios.
About 45% of the ticket sales for Hollywood studios now come from outside the United States
About 54% of the ticket sales for Hollywood studios come mainly from Europe and Asia.
sheet.
Hollywood is not interested in looking outside America's borders for new actors and actresses.
Hollywood has rarely looked outside the US for new stars and new markets.
Hollywood is more interested than ever before in looking outside the US for stars and profit.
Hollywood has never been interested in looking outside the US for new talent and new markets.
3. Complete the sentences using information from the text [2 marks]. It is important that phrases
from the text are not reproduced literally, unless this is unavoidable.
a) Hollywood star Javier Bardem was

b) Hollywood has lost market share because
c) Illegally copied movies are
d) More than eighteen billion dollars
4. Complete with one or more adequate words [1.5 marks]. Do not copy the complete text on your
sheet, only the letter (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) followed by the word or words that you find
suitable for the gap. It is important that phrases from the text are not reproduced literally.
Foreign markets may also influence how people get their movies. Different nations (a) different
levels of technology.Efforts to settle on (b) next-generation DVD got a lot of attention recently. Sony's Blu-ray
technology for high-definition televisions won the competition with Toshiba's HD DVD format.
Yet DVD sales have dropped (c) recent years. This may be a sign that people (d) increasingly
getting their movies off the Internet. The Internet is another front in Hollywood's war on piracy. But
more (e) that, it presents complex business questions for (f) industry now built mostly on DVD
and ticket sales.
5. From the information in the text, what are Hollywoods main problems? (25-50 words) [2 marks]
You are expected to draw information from the text, but please use your own words.
6. Which do you think are the reasons for copying movies illegally? (25-50 words) [2 marks]. Express
your own ideas by using your own words.
43
HOLLYWOOD LOOKS OVERSEAS FOR TALENT AND PROFIT
Synonyms
- Overseas ________________ abroad, in foreign countries

- Supporting _______________ secondary
- Increasingly ______________ more and more
- Look for _________________ try to find
- About ___________________ approximately, around, more or less, some
- Each ____________________ every
- As ______________________ because, since
- Develop _________________ make something bigger and more successful, expand, produce, make.
- For example ______________ for instance
- Today ___________________ nowadays, these days, now, currently, at present, at the moment, at the present time
- Movies __________________ films
- Major __________________ very important, primordial, leading, chief, principal, main
- More than ________________ over
- Worldwide _______________ all over the world, around the world
- Released ________________ launched
- Release (noun) ____________ announcement
- Aim ___________________ aspire, attempt, intend, try
44
PRUEBAS DE ACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD PARA ALUMNOS DE BACHILLERATO LOE
Junio 2010 INGLS. CDIGO 133 Opcin A About Martenitsa
About Martenitsa
A martenitsa is made of white and red yarn and worn from March 1 until the end of March, or until the first
time you see a stork1 . The name of this holiday is Baba Marta. Baba means grandmother in Bulgarian and
Mart is the month of March. It is a Bulgarian tradition (1) for welcoming the spring.
This is an old pagan tradition and remains almost unchanged today. The common belief is that by wearing
the red and white colours of the martenitsa, people ask Baba Marta for mercy (2). They hope that it will
make winter pass faster and bring spring. Many people wear more than one martenitsa. They receive them
as presents from relatives (3), close friends and colleagues. Martenitsa is usually worn pinned on the
clothes, near the collar, or tied around the wrist.
On the first day of March and the next days, the Bulgarians and also the foreigners living there, exchange
and wear white and red tassels, small dolls and flowers.
There are different rituals when to take the martenitsa off: for example when you see the first stork or a tree
with blossoms (4). If you dont see any of these at all by the end of March, you can tie (5) the little
martenitsa to a tree, so a stork can pick it up!
It is a very popular Bulgarian tradition. At the end of February there are dozens of stalls in the street selling
the newest types of martenitsi and everybody is buying a bag full of them to give away.
PREGUNTAS (NO RESPONDER EN ESTA HOJA) READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE
FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. BE CAREFUL TO FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR EACH
QUESTION.
1 Cigea
45
1. Link each of the words or expressions listed below with one word or expression in the column (as
numbered in the text) [1 mark]. Please copy the correct pair of words on your answer sheet, e.g.
common and ...
compassion family fasten flowers custom

tradition (1) and
mercy (2) and
relatives (3) and
blossoms (4) and
tie (5) and
sheet.
Martenitsi are worn from March 1 until the end of spring.

Martenitsa is a very popular Ukrainian tradition.
The martenitsa symbolises new life, conception, fertility and spring.
The colours of the martenitsa are interpreted as symbols of death and evil.
sheet.
The name Baba Marta is related to an old lady.

People wearing martenitsi ask Baba Marta for wealth and money.
Only Bulgarians exchange and wear martenitsi.
People always buy martenitsi for themselves.
3. Complete the sentences using information from the text [2 marks]. It is important that phrases
from the text are not reproduced literally, unless this is unavoidable.
a) In Bulgarian folklore the name Baba Marta

b) People believe that wearing
c) Martenitsi are always given as
d) The colours of the martenitsa are interpreted
4. Complete with one or more adequate words [1.5 marks]. Do not copy the complete text on your
sheet, only the letter (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) followed by the word or words that you find
The martenitsa is also (a) stylized symbol of Mother Nature. At that early-spring/late-winter time of
the year, Nature seems (b) of hopes and expectations. The white symbolizes the purity (c) the
melting white snow and the red symbolizes the setting of the sun which becomes more and (d)
intense as spring progresses. These two natural resources (e) the source of life. They are also
associated (f) the male and female beginnings.
5. From the information in the text, is martenitsa a religious tradition? (25-50 words) [2 marks] You
are expected to draw information from the text, but please use your own words.
6. Do you know any old pagan Spanish tradition? (25-50 words) [2 marks]. Express your own ideas
by using your own words.
46
ABOUT MARTENITSA
Synonyms
Until _____________till
Holiday ___________festivity, festival, public holiday ( A holiday is a day when people do not go to work or school because of a
religious or national festival).
Welcoming ________ receiving

Pagan _____________ popular
Remains ___________continues
Almost ____________ nearly
Unchanged _________ intact, unaltered
Today _____________ these days, nowadays, at the moment, currently, at present,now, at the present time
Common ___________general, popular, widespread (generalizada)
Wear ______________ put on
More than __________ over
Also _______________ too ( final de oracin)
Foreigners __________ foreign people
Exchange ___________interchange
To take off __________ remove
For example _________ for instance
Pick up ____________ gather, (recoger, coger), grasp (agarrar)
Popular ____________accepted, famous
Tradition ___________ custom
Give away __________ give something free
Ask for _____________ request
Vocabulary related to the text
Recall: rememorar
Charm/ amulet _______________amuleto
Saint Johns night
Bonfire _____________________ hoguera
Purify ______________________ purificar
Spell _______________________ hechizo
Enchanted ___________________ encantado
Carnival
Wear/ put on a costume _________ ponerse un disfraz
Dress up / disguise_____________ disfrazarse
Parade _______________________ desfile
Float ________________________ carroza
Valentines Day
Cards, presents, flowers, roses, chocolates, jewellery, poems, romantic, humorous, parents, relatives, friends, friendship, lovers,
anonymous, to sign.
Ancient ______________________ antiguo
The festival of San Fermn
The running of the bulls __________ el encierro
Folkloric events ________________ acontecimientos folclricos
47
48
49
BULLFIGHTING IN CATALONIA
Synonyms
- Looks like _______________ seems

- Ban ____________________ prohibit
- Major ___________________ important, primordial, leading, chief (principal, main)
- Outlaw ___________________illegalise
- Completely _______________ totally, entirely, fully, wholly
- Across the region __________from one side of the region to the other
- However _________________ yet, still, nevertheless, though (final de oracin o posicin
intermedia).
- Since ____________________because/ as
- Surrounding _______________ around
- Abuse ____________________ mistreat, misuse
- In favour _________________ for
- Rivalry ___________________ conflict, antagonism
- Including _________________ as well as, together with
- Die out __________________ disappear, vanish decline, decay
- Dates back ________________ starts
- The early 1990s ____________ the beginnings of the nineties
- Hosted ___________________ organised

- More than _________________ over
- Even though _______________ although, though
- Proper ___________________ really
- Actually __________________ in fact, as a matter of fact, indeed, really, truly
Vocabulary related to the text

- To support: apoyar
- To be in favour of/ to be for: estar a favor de
- To go in favour of: ir a favour de
- To oppose: oponerse
- To be against of: estar en contra de
- To go against of: ir en contra de
- Torture: torturar.
50
51
1. Link each
of the
words/expressions below with a word/expression in the column (as

numbered in the text). Copy the correct pair of words on your answer sheet. [1 mark]
stand out brother or sister show natural ability fight

(1) display and
(2) struggle and
(3) sibling and
(4) gift and
(5) excel and
2.1. Choose the best option. Copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet. [0.75
marks]. According to the text,
a) children who are born second usually have problems to find their place in their families and in the
world.
b) in large families, the youngest siblings do not have difficulties to find their place in the family or in
the world.
c) in families with three or more children, the child born in the middle can have problems to find
his/her place in the family.
d) in large families, first-borns have the most difficulties to find their place in the family.
2.2. Choose the best option. Copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet. [0.75
marks]. To help children develop their own identity, parents
a) should allow them to decide what the family watches on TV or what they eat at home.
b) should make it clear that they do not expect the younger children to be like their older siblings.
c) should encourage the oldest children to transmit their younger siblings their gifts and talents.
d) should encourage the youngest children to take their oldest sibling(s) as an example to follow.
3. Complete the sentences using information from the text. Do not reproduce phrases from
the text literally, unless this is unavoidable. [2 marks]
a) Oldest or youngest children in a family

b) Parents can do
c) Children who can shine
d) Above all, try not
4. Complete each gap with one or more adequate words. Do not copy the complete text on
your sheet, only letters (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f) followed by the word(s) that you find suitable for
the gap. [1.5 marks]
Praise your middle child ___ (a) the things she does well. Look for the things that make her different
___ (b) her brothers and sisters and encourage her in those areas. Spend at least an ___ (c) a week
with each of your children. Take that child to the park or to a movie: the activity you choose ___ (d)
matter as much as the fact that you are spending one-to-one time with that ___ (e). Finally, dont
confront children with each other in races, sports ___ (f) other games that encourage
competitiveness.
5. Why do middle children have more difficulties to find their place in the family? You are
expected to draw information from the text, but please use your own words. (25-50 words) [2 marks]
6. Explain the advantages of being an only-child or the oldest child in the family. Express
your own ideas and use your own words. (25-50 words) [2 marks]
52
THE MIDDLE-CHILD SYNDROME
Synonyms
- Shown ___________________ proved, revealed ( to reveal)

- As well as ________________ in addition to, and also
- Moms and dads ____________ fathers and mothers
- Develop _________________ acquire, make something stronger. ( fortalecer algo)
To help their child develop a powerful sense of identity.

To help their child make his sense of identity stronger.
- For example _______________ For instance

- Allow ____________________ permit, enable, let.
- Also _____________________ besides, moreover, furthermore, on top of that, too, in addition.
- Gifts _____________________ qualities.
- Opportunities _______________ possibilities.
- Likely _____________________ possible.
- Unique ____________________ matchless.
- To encourage _______________ to animate, console, comfort.
- Likewise __________________ In the same way, furthermore, moreover, besides, too, also.
- Stress (verb) _______________ lay emphasis upon, emphasize.
Vocabulary related to the topic
adoration adoracin excitement entusiasmo

affection afecto fondness cario
agitation agitacin frustration frustracin
amusement diversin gaiety alegra
anger clera, ira grief pena
anguish angustia happiness felicidad
annoyance molestia hate odio
anxiety ansiedad homesickness nostalgia
bitterness amargura hope esperanza
contempt desprecio hopelessness desesperacin
dislike aversin hostility hostilidad
disappointment desilusin
envy envidia
First-born Primognito The baby of the family El benjamn/la benjamina

Succession Sucesin Satisfied Satisfecho
Eldest child Hijo mayor Feeling Sentimiento
Heir Heredero Bored ; Weary Aburrido
Heiress Heredera Selfish ; Egoistic Egosta
To inherit Heredar Individualistic Individualista
53
PRUEBAS DE ACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD
BIODIVERSITY AND ITS THREATS
The fragile balance of plants and animals that share (1) the earth took millions of years to develop. Some
life-forms have persisted in nearly (2) their original state, surviving episodes of mass extinction. Some, like
ourselves, are relative outcomers. The ones that have perished (3) will not return. Neither will the thousands
of species that are disappearing each year due in large part to such human influences as habitat destruction,
introduction of invasive species, and overharvesting *. If we continue reducing Earths biodiversityat this
rate, the consequences will be profound. The web of life connects (4) the smallest bacterium to the whale.
When we put that web in peril, we become agents of calamity.
Since the development of agriculture some 12,000 years ago, the human population has grown
exponentially. So has Homo Sapiens use of the Earths resources. Today humans consume or directly use
nearly half the lands biological production and more than half of all available fresh water.
Humans have long had insatiable appetites and the technology to satisfy them. At present the greatest
threat to Earths biodiversity is habitat loss and degradation stemming from ** such activities as commercial
logging *** and fishing. Both (5) are destroying environments and stripping **** them of key species.
Other threats include pollution and invasive human-introduced species.
Loss of habitat not only threatens individual species but also brings more widespread ecological
consequences. In China, for instance, protecting the highland ***** habitat of the panda benefits humans
living at lower elevations: recent floods of unprecedented scale have been attributed to deforested uplands
******.
* overharvesting: (here) the abuse of agriculture.

** stemming from: due to.
*** logging: work of cutting down forest trees for timber.
**** strip of: deprive of, take away from.
***** highlands, uplands: (here) mountainous regions.
Read the preceding text and answer the following questions as specified.
1. Link each of the words or expressions listed below with one word or expression in the column ( as
numbered in the text) ( Share and ) (1mark).
almost die have or use in common the two link
share(1) and
nearly (2) and
perish (3) and
connect (4) and
both (5) and
54
2. Reading comprehension.
Choose the best option (0.75 marks). Please copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet.
- It would be a good idea to protect the highlands where the panda lives, because this
would avoid floods which are dangerous for humans.
- In China, the highland panda lives at lower elevations.
- It would be a good idea to protect pandas instead of humans.
- Recent floods of unprecedented scale have benefited humans living at lower
elevations.
2.2.Choose the best option. (0.75 marks). Please copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet.
- The main cause of habitat loss is commercial logging.

- Habitat loss and degradation are causes of biodiversity.
- Habitat loss is the main consequence of degradation.
- Habitat loss and degradation can affect Earths biodiversity a great deal. They are
threats to it.
2. Complete the sentences using information from the text (2 marks). It is important that phrases from
the text are not reproduced literally, unless this is unavoidable.
a. Biodiversity _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
b. When a species disappears __________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
c. Humans _________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
d. Habitat loss and degradation _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Complete with one or more adequate words (1.5 marks). Do not copy the complete text on your
answer sheet., only the letter-(a),(b),(c),(d),(e),(f)- followed by the word or words that you find
Since the Swedish botanist Linnaeus (a) _____________________ in the mid 1700s his Systema
Naturae, a system (b) ______________________ classifying living things, taxonomists
(c)_____________________ between 1.5 million (d) _____________________ 1.75 million
species, some 4,500 of them mammals. (e) _____________________ more species have yet to be
named and described (f) ________________________.
4. Which is the principal factor involved in the disappearance of biological species nowadays? (25-50
words) (2 marks). You are expected to draw information from the text, but please use your own
words.
5. From your point of view, what should be done to preserve biodiversity? (25-50 words) (2 marks).
Express your own ideas by using your own words.
55
Synonyms BIODIVERSITY.
-Develop: evolve. - Profound: important, serious, severe.

-Persisted: continue, go on. - Connects: links
-Nearly: almost - Peril: danger
-Perished: died, extinguished -Calamity: disaster
-Return: come back. -Development: evolution
-Disappear:vanish -Some (L.8): approximately, about, more or less
-Each year: every year -Grown: increased.
-Due to: because of. -Today: these days, at present, nowadays
-In large part: partly. -More than: over
-Such as: like -Long: for a long time.
-Continue: go on -Both. And: not only.but also
-Reducing: decreasing -Widespread: generalised
-Consequences: effects, results. -For instance: for example

Acid rain _________________ Lluvia cida
Carbon dioxide ___________ Dixido de carbono
Chemicals _______________ Productos qumicos
Climate change ___________ Cambio climtico
Conservation _____________ Conservacin
Deforestation _____________ Deforestacin
Eco-friendly _____________ Que no daa el medio ambiente
Ecologist ________________ Ecologista
Ecosystem _______________ Ecosistema
Endangered species ________ Especies en peligro
Environment- environmental _ Medio ambiente - medioambiental
Environmentalist __________ Ecologista
Environmentally friendly ____ Que no daa el medio ambiente
Extinction _______________ Extincin
Global warming __________ Calentamiento global, terrestre
Greenhouse effect _________ Efecto invernadero
Noise pollution ___________ Contaminacin acstica
Nuclear radiation __________ Radiacin nuclear
Ozone layer ______________ Capa de ozono
Pollution/ pollute/ polluting __ Contaminacin, contaminar/ contaminante
Radioactive substance/ waste _ Sustancia / residuos radioactivos
Recycle, reuse, reduce ______
Reforestation _____________ Reforestacin
Sewage __________________ Aguas residuales
Sewage works _____________ Depuradora
Solar energy
Toxic waste _______________ Residuos txicos
Waste separation ___________ Separacin de resduos
Waste disposal _____________ Eliminacin de resduos
Wind power _______________ Energa elica
To become extinct __________ Extinguirse
To conserve / preserve / protect _ Conservar, mantener en buen estado, proteger 56
PRUEBAS DE ACCESO A LA UNIVERSIDAD
DR. ATKINS DIET
Dr. Robert Atkins died on April 17, 2003. He had suffered a severe head injury on April 8 after falling on an icy sidewalk (1)
while walking to work. He was 72.
Atkins first advocated his heterodox weight-loss plan -- which emphasizes meat, eggs and cheese and discourages bread,
rice and fruit in his 1972 book, Dr. Atkins Diet Revolution . Its publication came at a time when the medical establishment
was encouraging (2) a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. Most doctors argued that Atkins diet could affect kidney function, raise
(3) cholesterol levels and deprive the dieter of important nutrients. Despite (4) this, his book sold 15 million copies, and millions
of people tried the diet. Atkins philosophy enjoyed a resurgence in the 1990`s with Dr. Atkins` New Diet Revolution , which
sold more than 10 million copies worldwide.
This year, his approach received some support from half-dozen studies, which showed that people on the Atkins diet lost
weight without endangering their health, and that their overall cholesterol levels changed for the better. Still, many of the
researchers were reluctant to recommend the Atkins diet, saying a large new study now in progress could settle (5) persistent
questions of its long-term effects.
Read the preceding text and answer the following questions as specified.
1. Link each of the words or expressions listed below with one word or expression in the column ( as numbered in the text)
(1mark).
(here) increase in spite of (here) resolve (here) stimulate, support pavement
sidewalk (1) and

encourage (2) and
raise (3) and
despite (4) and
settle (5) and
2. Reading comprehension.
2.1 Choose the best option (0.75 marks). Please copy the complete correct option on your answer shhet.
- Dr Atkins died on April 17, 2003. He had suffered a severe offense from a sidewalk.
- Dr Atkins died on April 17, 2003, nine days after he had a serious accident.
- Dr Atkins died on April 17, 2003. When he died he was walking to work.
- Dr Atkins died the day he fell on an icy sidewalk while walking to work.
2.2 Choose the best option. (0.75 marks). Please copy the complete correct option on your answer sheet.
- Atkins first publication was not very successful.

- Atkins first publication was very successful.
- Doctors liked Atkins first book. His diet was medically correct.
- Doctors recommended Atkins first book.
57
3. Complete the sentences using information from the text (2 marks). It is important that phrases from the text are not
reproduced literally, unless this is unavoidable.
e. The medical establishment________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________.
f. According to Atkins ___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________.
g. Dr Atkins books _______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________.
h. The authors of the recent studies ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________.
4. Complete with one or more adequate words (1.5 marks). Do not copy the complete text on your answer sheet.,
only the letter-(a),(b),(c),(d),(e),(f)- followed by the word or words that you find suitable for the gap.
It is important that phrases from the text are not reproduced literally.
_______________ (a) 1973, the American Medical Association said that Atkins diet _____________ (b)
very healthy and Congress ordered Atkins to _________________ (c) to the Senate to ____________(d)
his diet. To Atkins, the key dietary problem in obesity was carbohydrates. He ______________ (e)
carbohydrates make some people produce too much insulin, which in turn causes them to ___________(f).
5. What did Dr Atkins diet consist of and how was it received by doctors and by ordinary people ? (25-50 words) (2
marks). You are expected to draw information from the text, but please use your own words.
6. If you were overweight, would you go on a diet? What would you do? (25-50 words) (2 marks). Express your own ideas
by using your own words.
58
DR. ATKINS DIET
Synonyms
- Severe ______________ serious, important

- First ________________ for the first time
- Advocated ___________ defended
- Emphasizes __________ gives importance to
- Discourages _________ gives less importance to
- Publication __________ release
- Time _______________ moment
- Establishment ________ institute, institution, association
- Most _______________ the majority of
- Affect ______________ alter, change
- Deprive _____________ take something away from someone
- Despite _____________ in spite of
- Resurgence __________ revival
- Worldwide __________ all over the world, around the world
- Approach ___________ method
- Support _____________ approval
- Showed _____________ manifested, evidenced
- Endangering _________ putting in danger
- Overall _____________ total, global
- Changed for the better _ improved
- Still ________________ yet, nevertheless, however, though ( final de oracin y posicin intermedia)
- Many ______________ a lot of, lots of
- Reluctant ____________ unwilling ( poco dispuesto a )
- Recommend __________ advise, counsel, suggest
- Large _______________ big
- Persistent ____________ constant, continuous
- Effects ______________ consequences, results
- Eating disorders
- Anorexia
- Bullimia
- To go/be on a diet
- Health problems
- Illness/disease
- Ill/ sick
- Healthy
59
4. ANNEX
TENSES
60
61
TENSES . Practice
THE PRESENT TENSE
PRESENT SIMPLE / PRESENT CONTINUOUS
1. Put the verb into the correct tense.
1. Listen! Can you hear all those people next door? They (shout) __________________________
at each other again.
2. I want to lose wait. I (not eat) ________________________ anything today.
3. Why you ( look ) _____________________________________ at me like that?
4. How many cigarettes you (smoke) ____________________________________?
5. The swimming bath ( open ) ______________________ at 9.00 and ( close ) ______________
at 10.30 every day.
6. You ( make) ________________________ a lot of noise. Can you be a bit quieter?
7. ( In the cinema ) Its a good film, isnt it? You ( enjoy ) ________________________________it?
8. Where your father ( come ) _______________________________________ from?
He ( come ) _____________________________ from Scotland.
9. I ( play ) ______________________________ the piano, but I (not play) ___________________
very well.
10. If you need money, why you (not get) __________________________________ a job?
11. I have a car but I (not use) ________________________________ it very often.
12. I (not work) ________________________________ this week. Im on holiday.
13. Please, be quiet. I ( try ) _________________________________ to concentrate.
14. I ( not wear) _________________________ my hat today because its very warm.
15. What you (do) _______________________________? Im engineer.
THE PAST TENSE
1. Put the correct tense of the verb. Use the PAST SIMPLE or CONTINUOUS.
1. I lit the fire at 6.00 and it ( burn ) ___________________________ brightly when Tom (come)
________________________ in at 7.00.
2.He (not allow) _________________ us to go out as a strong wind (blow) __________________.
3.He was very polite. Whenever his wife entered the room, he (stand) _____________________up.
4. I (watch) _______________________ TV when the phone (ring) _______________________.
I (turn) _____________________ the sound and ( go) ____________________ to answer it.
5. She ( clean) ____________________ her gun when it accidentally (go) _________________off
and (kill) _________________________ her.
62
2. Use the PAST SIMPLE or PRESENT PERFECT.
1. I (not see) _______________________ your aunt recently. No, she (not be)
_________________________ in her house since she (buy) _______________________ her
colour TV.
2. I just (remember) ______________________________ that I (not pay) _____________________
the rent yet.
3. This is my house.
How long you (live) ________________________ there?
I (live) ________________________ here since 1970.
4. You (be) _____________________________ here before?
Yes, I (spend) ____________________________ my holidays here last year.
3. Use the PAST SIMPLE or the PAST PERFECT.
1. He (keep) ______________________ at her, wondering where he (see) _____________________

her before.
2. I (think) _______________________ my train (leave) _________________________ at 14.33
and (be) ___________________ very disappointed when I (arrive) ____________________ at the
station at 14.30 and (learn) _____________________ that it just (leave) ___________________.
3. It (be) ____________________ 6 p.m and Jack was tired because he (work) _________________
hard all day.
63
PREFIXES
1. UN- Convierte un adjetivo en su opuesto. Able __________ Unable.
2. OVER- Se traduce por Sobre o Ms. Charge ________________ Overcharge.
SUFFIXES
1. FUL Sirve para convertir un nombre abstracto en un adjetivo. Beauty _______ Beautiful
2. LESS Convierte un nombre en un adjetivo. Significa sin o menos. Care _______ Careless
3. Y Sirve para convertir un nombre incontable en un adjetivo con el significado de

parecido a o cubierto de. Hair ______________ Hairy.
4. NESS Convierte un adjetivo en un nombre. Mad _____________ Mandness.
5. ISH Sirve para transformar un nombre o adjetivo en adjetivos.
Scotland __________________ Scottish

Child ____________________ Childish
Yellow ___________________ Yellowish
6. ABLE Convierte un verbo en un adjetivo. Wash ________________ Washable
7. SHIP Convierte un nombre en otro abstracto.
Fellow ____________________ Fellowship

Dictator ___________________ Dictatorship
8. HOOD Convierte un nombre en otro abstracto.
Child _____________________ Childhood

Brother ___________________ Brotherhood
64
6. MODAL VERBS
Tienen las siguientes caractersticas generales:
1. Forman la negacin aadiendo el adverbio de negacin NOT.
I must not go.
La negacin de CAN es CANNOT o CANT, pero nunca CAN NOT.
2. Forman la interrogacin invirtiendo el orden sujeto-verbo.
Can you stay?
3. Admiten contracciones:
He mustnt come.
4. Sirven para construir las question tags.
I must go, mustnt I?
5. Sirven para sustituir a un verbo previamente mencionado.
I cannot type, but she can.
6. Carecen de participios y de infinitivo,por lo que no pueden enunciarse

precedidos de TO.
7. Tienen la misma forma verbal invariable para todas las personas, excepto
HAVE TO, que tiene has en la tercera persona del singular.
She should tell me.
8. Van seguidos de infinitivo sin TO, con excepcin de OUGHT TO, HAVE
TO y 65
USED TO.
9. Son defectivos. Tienen slo una o dos formas y carecen de la mayora de

los tiempos.
Adems de infinitivo y, por consiguiente, de futuro y condicional, todos carecen
de la forma en ing y de todos los tiempos progresivos. Tampoco tienen
participio de pasado y carecen, por tanto de todos los tiempos compuestos.
17
CAN (poder)
Tiene dos formas: CAN para el present simple y COULD para el past simple y
conditional.
La negacin de CAN es CANNOT o CANT.
Para los tiempos de que carece se usa el verbo TO BE ABLE TO (ser capaz de).
They wont be able to go.

Usos
1. Poder fsico. I can see him now.

2. Habilidad. I can play the piano.
3. Permiso. Can I come in?
4. Prohibicin en frases negativas. You cant go yet.
5. Posibilidad e imposibilidad. What can we do? We can go to the cinema.
I cant go to the cinema tonight.
6. Peticiones: Can you do me a favour?

7. Deduccin en frases negativas. They cant be at home. The lights are
off.
COULD tiene los mismos usos que CAN. Cuando expresa peticin, es
ms formal que
CAN. Tambin puede expresar:
- especulaciones: This book could be hers. 66

- sugerencias: We could watch a video tonight.
- crticas: You could have told me the truth!
MAY (poder)
Tiene dos formas: MAY para el present simple y MIGHT para el past simple y
conditional. Para los tiempos de que carece puede emplearse la expresin
TO BE ALLOWED TO ( permitir) como sustituto cuando se usa como
permiso.
You wont be allowed to sing there
Usos
1. Permiso en situaciones formales. May I smoke?

2. Posibilidad. It may rain this afternoon.
MAY expresa la posibilidad de que algo ocurra y CAN expresa la

posibilidad de hacer algo.
Para expresar la posibilidad en frases interrogativas, as como la
imposibilidad,
utilizamos CAN. Can it be true? It cant be true.
3. Peticiones corteses. May I have a cup of tea, please?
4. Especulaciones. She may still be asleep because the room is dark.
MIGHT tiene los mismos usos que MAY excepto el 1 y el 3.
They might invite us to the party.

They might have broken the window while I was having a
shower. 18
MUST ( Deber )
Tiene esta nica forma, que sirve para el present simple y el past simple.
Para los
tiempos de que carece puede emplearse TO HAVE TO ( tener que ).
Usos
67
1. Deber u obligacin. Puede tener varios matices:
a. Deber moral. You must obey your parents.

b. Orden. You must paint that door, too.
c. Necesidad que tenemos de hacer algo. I must go now.
La ausencia de obligacin o necesidad se expresa con NEEDNT /DONT HAVE

TO.
We neednt hurry/ We dont have to hurry.
2. Prohibicin cuando est en negacin.
You musnt do that.
3.Deduccin afirmativa o suposicin.
The news must be true.
Tanto MUST como TO HAVE TO expresan la necesidad de hacer algo, pero

MUST va ms ligado a la voluntad del hablante y TO HAVE TO seala una
circunstancia independiente de la voluntad del hablante.
I must write to Ann. I havent written to her for ages.

Anns eyes are not very good.She has to wear glasses for
reading.
In Spain you have to be eighteen to drive a car.
( En Espaa se han de tener 18 aos para conducir un coche)
SHALL /SHOULD
1. Usos de SHALL
a. Ofrecimiento. En primera persona del singular. Se traduce por presente de

indicativo.
Shall I call a taxi?
b. Sugerencia. En primera persona del plural. Se traduce por presente de

indicativo. 68
Shall we stay at home tonight?
2. Usos de SHOULD
a. Consejo. Se traduce por debera. You should tell your father.
19
WILL/WOULD
1. Usos de WILL.
a. Como auxiliar de future simple. I will do it at once.

b. Predicciones, promesas, ofrecimientos.
It will be cloudy tomorrow morning.

I will write to you every day.
I will help you with your bags.
c. Para expresar que se acaba de tomar una decisin en el momento de

hablar.
I think I will have a sandwich now.
2. Usos de WOULD.
a. Como auxiliar de conditional. He would like some cheese.

b. Peticiones corteses.
Would you please switch off the light?

c. Invitaciones. 69
Would you have another drink?
d. Hbito en el pasado. Se traduce por pretrito imperfecto de indicativo del

verbo que se conjuga o por sola seguido del infinitivo del verbo. En este sentido
es igual a USED TO.
He would go to his office at 8 oclock every day.
En cualquier caso no se puede emplear WOULD para expresar

hbito o costumbre cuando no interviene en absoluto la voluntad del sujeto.
He used to suffer from headaches.
OUGHT TO ( Debera )
Equivale practicamente a SHOULD con el significado de debera. No tiene ms

usos o formas.
Expresa consejo.
You ought to tell him as soon as possible.
20
NEED ( Ser necesario )
No debe confundirse con el verbo ordinario TO NEED (necesitar), verbo de

conjugacin completa. 70
Tiene una nica forma, que se emplea solamente en frases interrogativas y
negativas, aunque es ms usual utilizar en su lugar HAVE TO, especialmente en
preguntas.
La negacin expresa ausencia de obligacin.
Need you be so sarcastic? / Do you have to be so sarcastic?

You neednt come/ You dont have to come.
Otros verbos
USED TO ( sola )
Es la nica forma que tiene este verbo y slo se utiliza en past simple.
Expresa hbito o rutina en el pasado, para acciones que se realizaban
habitualmente en el pasado y que ya no se realizan en el presente.
I used to take my nephews to the zoo when they came to town.
HAD BETTER ( sera mejor que )
Expresa consejo y sugerencia. Va seguido de infinitivo sin TO.
Its getting dark. We had better (wed better) go home now.
Youd better not tell him the news.
WOULD RATHER ( preferira )
Expresa preferencia y va seguido de infinitivo sin TO. I would rather stay at

home.
Si se comparan dos acciones, el segundo verbo va precedido de THAN.
I would rather laugh than cry.
Puede contraerse en d.
Esta forma tambin puede ir seguida de una oracin subordinada, cuyo sujeto es
distinto del de would rather y cuyo verbo va en past simple.
71
MODAL VERBS. Practice
1. Complete with a modal verb.
1. You ________________________ bring an umbrella. It isnt going to rain.

2. It __________________________ rain, youd better take a coat.
3. ______________________ you tell me the time, please?
4. ______________________ I borrow your umbrella?
5. Havent you eaten for a whole day? You ______________________ be
starving!
6. Im late. ______________________ I call a taxi.
7. Your hands are full. Dont worry. I _____________________ open the
door for you.
8. I feel tired and depressed. You ____________________ have a
holiday.
9. You ____________________ be hungry! Not after that huge meal.
10. Jim ____________________ play the piano when he was 4 years old.
Mary ____________________ read until she was 6.
11. You _____________________ turn on the light.I can see quite well.
12. ____________________ I come in? Please do.
13. Its still quite early. Im sure its not ten oclock. It
_____________________ be ten oclock.
14. You ___________________ ask for permission. You can use it whenever
you like.
15. _____________________ I use your phone?
16. How can we come back home? ____________________ we get a taxi?
2. Explain the meaning of the modal verb in these sentences: ABSENCE of

OBLIGATION/PERMISSION/ SUGGESTION/ PROBABILITY/ ADVICE/
REQUEST/ ABILITY.
72
1. It may have been the wind.
2. May I open the window?
3. I think it may rain. Look at those clouds.
4. May I borrow your grammar books?
5. You ought to go today. It may rain tomorrow.
6. Will you help me move this tree?
7. Could you tell me the time, please?
8. I can play tennis very well.
9. You neednt go to the supermarket. There is enough food.
10. Shall we stay at home or shall we go to the restaurant?
22
3. Choose the suitable modal verb.
a. Take your umbrella. It ___________________ rain in a minute.
a. should b. cant c. may
b. Excuse me, ______________ you tell me the way to Victoria Station,

please?
a. may b. must c. could
3. The children ___________ be sleeping now. There are no lights

in their bedroom.
a. cant b. must c. can

4. We __________ go to your party tomorrow.
a. cant b. ought c. will be able
5. You ____________ smoke in class.
a. neednt b. mustnt c. shouldnt
6. ________________ you speak Italian?
a. may b. might c. can
7. This is my advice: you _____________ work so much.

a. mustnt b. shouldnt c. may
8. You ________________ get up early tomorrow. Its Sunday.
a. cant b. mustnt c. neednt
4. Choose the modal verb that best completes the sentences.
a. When I was a child I was used to /used to play football.

b. You might/should do more physical exercise. It would do you good.
c. Im afraid I cant /mustnt help you now. Im too busy.
d. If you dont study, you wouldnt/wont be able to pass your exams.
e. We might/can go to the beach on Saturday. It all depends on the weather.
f. Can/May you ski? Yes, I learnt to ski a long time ago.
g. Im not used to / used to reading at night.
74
5. PAU SUGGESTIONS
Prof Lourdes Cerezo
Coordinadora PAU Lengua Extranjera: Ingls
Dpto. Filologa Inglesa - Facultad de Letras
Campus La Merced - Murcia 30071
T. +34 868 888 797 / lourdesc@um.es / http://webs.um.es/lourdesc
PAU
Materia: Lengua Extranjera: Ingls
Para la realizacin de los ejercicios de la prueba de ingls, se recomienda:

1. Leer el texto, ntegramente.
2. Leer el encabezado de los ejercicios, tambin ntegramente, para averiguar exactamente

qu se pide en cada uno de ellos. Aunque se supone que ya sabis qu pide cada ejercicio,
pues habis practicado durante el curso, es recomendable leer las instrucciones siempre.
3. Realizar los ejercicios en el mismo orden en que aparecen en el examen contribuir a

una mejor comprensin del texto. Hay que tener en cuenta que sin una adecuada
comprensin del texto es muy difcil realizar la mayor parte de los ejercicios correctamente.
As pues, aunque respetar el orden de los ejercicios propuestos no es obligatorio, s es
altamente recomendable.
4. Para el Ejercicio 1, es recomendable que apliquis vuestros conocimientos lxicos y

gramaticales. Por ejemplo, para averiguar el significado de una determinada palabra, es
aconsejable prestar atencin a la propia forma de la palabra. A veces, la palabra en
cuestin puede parecerse a alguna palabra de nuestra lengua materna, y de esa manera
puede averiguarse su significado, aunque sea slo de manera aproximada.
En este sentido, sin embargo, hay que tener cuidado con los false friends ya que,
como su nombre indica, son falsos amigos y pueden jugar una mala pasada. Esto, sin
embargo, no tiene por qu ocurrir en el examen, o en el menor de los casos.
Otra estrategia es tener en cuenta la categora gramatical (nombre, adjetivo, verbo,
etc.) de las palabras propuestas y de sus sinnimos. Por lo general, suele haber
correspondencia de clase gramatical entre las palabras del texto y los equivalentes
propuestos (excepto, a veces, en el caso de los adverbios, cuyo sinnimo puede ser una
expresin preposicional o de otro tipo, como, por ejemplo, en legally: in accordance with
the law, respecting the law, etc.).
Debis tener en cuenta que las palabras de la columna estn en el mismo orden en
que aparecen en el texto, lo que tambin os ayudar a localizar el sinnimo adecuado de
entre las palabras/expresiones propuestas. Una vez realizado este ejercicio, podris utilizar
los sinnimos en los ejercicios de comprensin y expresin escrita en los que se os indica
que no debis reproducir el texto literalmente. Si realizaseis antes los ejercicios de
comprensin no podrais serviros de la ayuda que proporcionan los sinnimos presentados
en este ejercicio.
75
Prof Lourdes Cerezo
5. Para el Ejercicio 2, es aconsejable releer el texto para decidir cul de las cuatro opciones
propuestas en cada parte (2.1 y 2.2) es la ms adecuada. Una vez hayis decidido cul es
la respuesta ms adecuada, es necesario copiarla por completo en el cuadernillo.
nicamente hay que copiar la respuesta correcta en cada caso (2.1 y 2.2).
Por supuesto, lo mejor para seleccionar la respuesta correcta es haber comprendido
el texto. Adems, debis leer detenidamente cada una de las opciones presentadas y
fijaros, por ejemplo, si alguna de ellas contiene informacin que no se ha dado en el texto,
lo que os ayudar a detectar las opciones incorrectas.
Si hubiere diferencia en la extensin de cada una de las respuestas propuestas, no
debis dejaros llevar por criterios aleatorios como la opcin ms larga es la correcta, o la
opcin ms breve es incorrecta, etc.
6. En el Ejercicio 3, recordad que las oraciones deben ser completadas con informacin del
texto pero con vuestras propias palabras, en la medida en que esto sea posible. No se trata
de no repetir ninguna palabra del texto en vuestra respuesta, sino de proponer una oracin
en la que queden patentes vuestros propios recursos lingsticos.
En este ejercicio, conviene localizar la parte del texto a la que se refiere el comienzo
de cada oracin propuesta (a-d), comprender bien esa parte y pensar en la mejor manera
de completar la oracin en un ingls lo ms correcto posible, desde el punto de vista
lxicogramatical,
sin contradecir la informacin del texto.
Habis de recordar que el ejercicio pide completar cada opcin formando una
oracin completa. Una oracin no es tal si no se incluye un verbo. Las oraciones sin verbo
no se contarn como tales, por lo que obtendrais 0 puntos en cada respuesta de este tipo.
7. Ejercicio 4: Se trata de completar cada uno de los huecos del texto con la palabra
correcta o, al menos, una palabra adecuada. Se entiende por palabra correcta la palabra
que originalmente ocupaba el lugar del hueco antes de su manipulacin para la elaboracin
del ejercicio. Se entiende por palabra adecuada cualquier otra palabra que, no siendo la
que originalmente contena el texto en ese hueco, puede utilizarse para completarlo por ser
semntica y estructuralmente compatible con la palabra correcta. Tanto la palabra
correcta como cualquier otra palabra compatible o adecuada sern aceptadas en el proceso
de correccin y evaluacin del examen.
Para la realizacin de este ejercicio es recomendable, en primer lugar, leer el
fragmento completo. Seguidamente, releer oracin por oracin, detenindose
especialmente en aqullas oraciones que contengan un hueco para completar. En stas,
habis de prestar especial atencin a las palabras que preceden y siguen al hueco, y
determinar con cules de esas palabras est ms directamente relacionado el hueco, en
cuanto al significado y, muy especialmente, en lo que a la sintaxis se refiere.
Ejemplo: 76
Prof Lourdes Cerezo

Environmental Concerns
Earth is the only (0) ... we know of in the universe that can support human life. (1) ..., human
activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world (2) ... on consuming twothirds
of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so (3) ... to stay alive we are
rapidly destroying the (4) ... resource we have by which all people can survive and prosper.
Everywhere fertile soil is (5) ... built on or washed into the sea
En el hueco 0, la palabra que habis de proporcionar va ligada, por as decirlo, a la palabra
anterior, only. La respuesta correcta es place. Una respuesta adecuada puede ser
tambin planet. En el segundo hueco, separado del resto de la oracin por un signo de
puntuacin (,), la palabra que lo completa tiene cierta independencia de lo que sigue en
el texto (debido a la coma), por lo que hay que pensar qu tipo de palabra,
gramaticalmente hablando, encajara en ese hueco (sustantivo, preposicin, conjuncin,
etc.). En este caso, la opcin correcta es However, etc.
8. Ejercicio 5: En este ejercicio, la redaccin est basada en la comprensin del texto. Es

decir, hay que responder a la pregunta formulada con informacin del texto, pero utilizando
vuestras propias palabras. En cierto modo, este ejercicio es una variante ms libre del
Ejercicio 3, con la diferencia de que la extensin de vuestra respuesta tambin debe ser
mayor (entre 25 y 50 palabras).
9. Ejercicio 6. En este caso, la redaccin es totalmente libre: habis de responder a la

pregunta formulada con la informacin que consideris oportuna, sin tener en ningn caso
que relacionar vuestra respuesta con la informacin del texto. De hecho, se valora
especialmente en la correccin de este ejercicio que os alejis del texto lo mximo posible
y proporcionis una respuesta lo ms personalizada posible.
10. Finalmente, para cualquier ejercicio que requiera produccin lingstica, es preciso
recordar que una prueba de acceso a la universidad es una situacin relativamente formal,
por lo que no es conveniente utilizar expresiones lingsticas pertenecientes al registro
(demasiado) informal, coloquial o familiar. Por ejemplo, no utilizar gonna, sino going to,
no abusar de las contracciones, etc.
77

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ENGLISH

La Inmaculada Padres Franciscanos School

Academic Year 2016/ 2017

1. ESTNDARES BSICOS Y NO BSICOS

1. AS. Difference between prepositions AS and LIKE.

1. Synonyms: nouns, adjetives, verbs, prepositions,etc.

4. Conjunctions and connectors.

3. PAU TEXTS ( Pruebas de Acceso a la Universidad).

4. ANNEX. Tenses / prefixes and suffixes. Modal Verbs.

LISTENING 1 Difficult situations

1. The boy is telling his __________ that _________________________________.

2. The girl is telling her __________ that _________________________________.

3. The boy is telling his ___________that __________________________________.

2. Are the sentences true or false?

A - The boy revised all weekend for his Economics exam.

A - It wasn't an important exam.

A - His mum is worried about the cost of retaking the course.

B - The girl and the dog were playing in the park.

B - She took Bonzo to the vet's straight away.

B - She had only had Bonzo for a short time.

C - The boy thinks he would recognise the thief. 1

3. Have you been in any difficult situations recently? What happened?

LISTENING 2 New inventions The British Council Learn English Teens B2

1. Put the inventions in the correct groups.

Digital running shoes (that give you performance statistics)

Real inventions Fictional inventions

2. Are the sentences true or false?

1.Wing-suits allow people to fly or glide.

2.Wing-suits are getting cheaper.

3.Gabriele Diamanti's water distiller is powered by the sun.

5.James Cameron invented a new underwater camera. 2

7.The last invention is a way of producing clouds indoors.

8.The science correspondent thinks the clouds are ugly.

3.Write the word to fill the gaps.

Listening 1 The British Council Learn English Teens A2

Listen to the weather forecast and do the exercises.

Rainy / cloudy and sunny / dry and cloudy/ windy.

a. The weather in the north is mostly __________________________

1. (Do this exercise before you listen).

Answer emails, text messages and Facebook messages immediately

Take regular breaks

Think long term

Make a study timetable

Work where there are distracting noises

Good study habits Bad study habits

2. (Do this exercise while you listen).

Are the sentences true or false?

a. The students will be taking exams soon.

3. (Do this exercise while you listen).

1. Some of you are probably fantastic at studying, really organised and

2. It's a good idea to have some kind of _____________________

3. If you're studying for an important exam, it's important to think

with no distracting _______________________.

5. If you have to work near a TV, you might have to use

7. You should plan your studying and take regular _____________.

8. It is better to write notes, so your mind is __________________

9. Mind maps seem to work in the same way the_______________

2. Representa una conversacin telefnica entre tu y un servicio tcnico de un

1) Temporal. (cuando, mientras, a medida que ).

George arrived as I left `.

Seguida de JUST : Just as I sat down, the phone rang.

2) Causal. ( porque, ya que, como )

As they live near us, we see them quite often.

1. The boy is telling his that _______________________.

2. The girl is telling her that _______________________.

3. The boy is telling his _that ________________________.