Essence-A sauce made from a concentrated vegetable juice. Flambe- Food flamed by use of alcohol for flavor. Nappe- A certain consistency in liquid that coats the back of a spoon. Parboiling- To partial cook a food in simmering/boiling water. Similar to blanching, but Zushi- The seasoned rice used in preparing sushi. Truss- Tying whole poultry or meat to encourage even cooking. Steep- Soaking food in a hot liquid in order to extract flavor or remove impurities. Sear- Brown food quickly over high heat, done as a preparatory step for further methods such as braising or roasting. Scald- To heat a liquid, usually milk to just below boiling. Render- To transform solid fat into liquid form by use of heat. Paupiette- Thin slice of meat, poultry or fish spread with savory stuffing and rolled and braised or poached. Jacquarding- The process of poking holes into the muscle of meat in order to tenderize. Flavonoids- Plant pigments that dissolve readily in water, found in red, purple and white vegetables such as blueberries, red cabbage and beats Duxelles- Coarse paste made from finely chopped mushrooms sauteed with shallots in butter