Radial Turbines Numerical Problems

MEE 304 Turbomachines

Lecture 24
Dr. Y. Mukkamala
 P 13.11 (S.M.Yahya) A cantilever blade type IFR receives air at
p01 = 3 bar, T01 = 373 K. Other data for this turbine are :
Rotor tip diameter 50 cm
Rotor exit diameter 30 cm
Speed 7200 rpm
Rotor blade width at entry 3 cm
Air angle at rotor entry 60
Air angle at nozzle exit 25
Nozzle efficiency 97%
Stage pressure ratio (p01/p3) 2.0
The radial velocity is constant and the swirl at the rotor exit is
zero. Determine : 1)the flow and loading coefficients (2)the
degree of reaction and stage efficiency (ts) (3)the air angle and
width at the rotor exit (4)the mass flow rate and power developed.
Given : p01 = 3 bar, T01 = 373 K, dt = 50 cm, N = 7200
rpm, d3 = 30 cm, b2 = 3 cm, 2 = 25, 2 = 60, N =
97%, p01/p3 = 2.0.

Soln. Inlet Velocity Triangle

V2
Vr2
v2
2 2

u2
V2

Exit velocity triangle v3

Vr3 = V3

u3
 d 2 N dt N 0.5 7200
1) u 2 188.5 m/s
60 60 60
Vr2 (cot 25 cot60) = 188.5
Vr2 (2.145 0.58) 188.5
Vr2 120.44 m/s
V 120.44
2 r 2 0.639
u2 188.5
1
V 2 Vr 2 cot 25 = 120.44 258.3 m/s
tan25
u V u V V 258.3
Similarly 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 1.37 [V 3 0]
u2 u2 188.5
From the exit velocity triangle
Vr3 Vr2 = 120.4 m/s
d3 N 0.3 7200
u3 113.1 m/s
60 60
V 120.4
3 r 3 1.06
u3 113.1
Degree of Reaction
h 2 h 3 c p (T2 T3 ) c p (T2 T3 )
R=
u2V 2 u2V 2 u2V 2
V22
N 2
c p (T01 T2 s )
V22 V22
N 2 2 0.97
c p (T01 T2 s ) 1005 (373 T2 s )
Also, V2 sin 25 = Vr2
120.4
V2 285 m/s
sin 25
2852
373 T2s
2 1005 0.97
T2s 331.34 K
 1
p01 T01
( )
p2 T2 s
1
3 373
( ) ( )
p2 331.54
3
1.514
p2
p2 1.98 bar
1 1
R = (1 2 cot 2 ) (1 0.639 cot 60) 0.3155 31.55%
2 2
 Total-Static Efficiency
h02 h03 T01 T03
ts
h02 h3s T01 T3 s
1
p T01
( 01 )
p3 T3s
373
(2.0) 0.287
T3s
T3s 305.7 K
u 2V 2 c p (T01 T03 )
u2V 2 188.5 258.3
T03 T01 373
cp 1005
v32 (Vr32 u 32 )
T03 324.6 = T3 = T3
2c p 2 1005
(120.42 113.12 )
T03 T3 324.6 K
2 1005
T3 = 311.02 K.
373-324.6 48.4
ts 71.92%
373 305.7 67.3
 u 22
Alternatively, ts 1
p3
c p T 0 1 [1 ( ) ]
p 01
1 .3 7 1 8 8 .5 2
ts 7 2 .1 4 %
1 0 .2 8 7
1 0 0 5 3 7 3 [1 ( ) ]
2
3) 3 ?
Vr3 1 2 0 .4 4
ta n 3
u3 1 1 3 .1
3 4 6 .8 ( A n s .)

M a s s C o n tin u ity
2 V r 2 ( d 2 b 2 ) 3V r 3 ( d 3 b 3 )
p 2 1 .9 8 b a r
V 22
T0 2 T0 1 3 7 3 = T2
2c p
 Vr 2 2
2
( )
V2 sin 2
T2 373 373
2c p 2c p
120.44 2
( )
T2 373 sin 25
2 1005
T2 332.59 K
p2 1.98 1.01325 105
2 2.1 kg/m 3
RT2 287 332.59
3
Similarly p3 1.5 bar; T3 311.02 K
2
p3 1.5 1.01325 105
3 1.7 kg/m3
RT3 287 311.02
2.1 0.5 0.03 1.7 0.3 b3
b3 6.18 cm (Ans.)
 Mass flow rate
.
m 3Vr 3 ( d3b3 )=1.7 120.4 ( 0.3 0.0618)
.
m 11.92 kg/s. (Ans.)

Power
.
P = m c p (T02 T03 ) 11.92 1005 (373 324.6)
Power = 579.81 kW (Ans.)