DESCRIPTIVE TEXS

Descriptive Text: Kingdom of Kutai

Kutai is considered as one of the oldest kingdoms in Indonesia. Seven
inscriptions called 'Yupa' (stone monument) which is written in Pallawa and
Sanskrit language is estimated to be from 400 C.E or 5th century. The Yupa
inscription is the oldest inscription from the oldest Hindu kingdom of Kutai.
Kutai was established by Kudungga, which then continued by his son,
Aswawarman. The glory of Kutai Kingdom was reached when Mulawarman
(Aswawarman' Son) took the throne. Kutai was located at the head of Mahakam
river, East Kalimantan. Since it was located at the head of Mahakam River, it is
theorized that trading became a major livelihood of Kutai people. In terms of
Kingdom of Kutai culture, the Yupa mentioned that there was place name
"Wapakeswara", a worship place for Lord Shiva. It can be concluded that Kutai
People at that time embraced Shiva religion. There is not much information
which tells about Kingdom of Kutai. Yet Yupa described that people of Kutai
was live prosperous under the reign of Mulawarman.

Terjemahan:

Descriptive Text: Kerajaan Kutai

Kutai dianggap sebagai salah satu kerajaan tertua di Indonesia. Tujuh prasasti
yang disebut 'Yupa' (monumen batu) yang ditulis dalam bahasa Pallawa dan
Sansekerta diperkirakan berasal dari tahun 400 M atau abad ke-5. Prasasti Yupa
adalah prasasti tertua dari kerajaan Hindu tertua, Kutai. Kutai dibangun oleh
Kudungga, yang kemudian dilanjutkan oleh anaknya, Aswawarman. Kejayaan
Kerajaan Kutai tercapai saat Mulawarman (Aswawarman 'Son) naik tahta. Kutai
terletak di hulu sungai Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur. Karena berada di hulu
Sungai Mahakam, diperkirakan bahwa perdagangan menjadi mata pencaharian
utama masyarakat Kutai. Dalam hal budaya Kerajaan Kutai, Yupa menyebutkan
bahwa ada nama tempat "Wapakeswara", tempat ibadah bagi Dewa Siwa. Dapat
disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat Kutai saat itu memeluk agama Siwa. Tidak
banyak informasi yang menceritakan tentang Kerajaan Kutai. Namun Yupa
menggambarkan bahwa orang-orang Kutai hidup sejahtera di bawah
pemerintahan Mulawarman.
 NARATIVE TEXS

True Friends

Once upon a time, there were two close friends who were walking through the forest
together. They knew that anything dangerous can happen any time in the forest. So
they promised each other that they would always be together in any case of danger.

Suddenly, they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. One of them climbed a
nearby tree at once. But unfortunately the other one did not know how to climb up
the tree. So being led by his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless
and pretended to be a dead man.

The bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It smelt in his ears, and
slowly left the place because the bears do not want to touch the dead creatures.
After that, the friend on the tree came down and asked his friend that was on the
ground, "Friend, what did the bear whisper into your ears?" The other friend replied,
"Just now the bear advised me not to believe a false friend."

Moral of the Story- A true friend in need is a friend indeed.

Teman sejati

Suatu hari di masa lau, ada dua teman dekat yang berjalan melewati hutan
bersama-sama. Mereka tahu bahwa sesuatu yang berbahaya dapat terjadi setiap
saat di hutan. Jadi mereka saling berjanji bahwa mereka akan selalu bersama-sama
dalam keadaan bahaya sekalipun.

Tiba-tiba, mereka melihat beruang besar sedang semakin mendekat ke arah

mereka. Salah satu dari mereka memanjat pohon terdekat seketika. Tetapi
sayangnya satu yang lainnya tidak tahu bagaimana cara untuk memanjat pohon.
Jadi terdorong oleh akal sehatnya, ia berbaring di tanah, menahan napas, dan
berpura-pura menjadi orang yang sudah mati.

Beruang itu datang mendekati orang yang sedang berbaring di tanah tersebut.
Mencium di telinganya, dan perlahan-lahan meninggalkan tempat karena beruang
tidak ingin menyentuh makhluk yang sudah mati. Setelah itu, teman di pohon turun
dan bertanya ke pada temannya yang berbaring di tanah itu, " Teman , apa yang
beruang bisikan ke telingamu ? " Teman lain menjawab, "Tadi beruang itu
menyarankan saya untuk tidak mempercayai teman palsu."

Pesan Moral dari cerita-

Seorang teman sejati yang kita butuhkan adalah teman yang sebenarnya