Bildungsroman, or apprenticeship novel, that deals with the youth and development of an individual who becomesor is on the threshold of becominga painter, musician, or poet. The classic example is James Joyces Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916). The type originated in the period of German Romanticism with Ludwig Tiecks Franz Sternbalds Wanderungen (1798; Franz Sternbalds Wanderings). Later examples are Knut Hamsuns Hunger (1890) and Thomas Wolfes Look Homeward, Angel (1929). Unlike many Bildungsroman, where the hero often dreams of becoming a great artist but settles for being a mere useful citizen, the Knstlerroman usually ends on a note of arrogant rejection of the commonplace life. A Portrait is a key example of the Knstlerroman (an artist's bildungsroman) in English literature. Joyce's novel traces the intellectual and religio-philosophical awakening of young Stephen Dedalus as he begins to question and rebel against the Catholic and Irish conventions he has been brought up in. He finally leaves for Paris to pursue his calling as an artist. The work pioneers some of Joyce's modernist techniques that would later come to fruition in Ulysses and Finnegans Wake. The Modern Library ranked Portrait as the third greatest English-language novel of the twentieth century.