10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 2: Motion in 2-D

ShootingoveraHill

Aprojectileisfiredwithspeedv 0 atananglefromthehorizontalasshowninthefigure.

PartA
Findthehighestpointinthetrajectory,H .
Expressthehighestpointintermsofthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationduetogravityg,theinitialvelocityv 0 ,and
theangle.

Hint1.Velocityatthetop
Atthehighestpointofthetrajectoryy = H ,v y = 0.

Hint2.Whichequationtouse
Thethreekinematicequationsthatgovernthemotionintheydirectionare

v y = v 0y gt ,

1 2
y= y
0
+ v0y t gt ,
2
and
2
vy = v
2
0y
2gy .

Thethirdequationcontainstheheightvariabley,andalltheotherquantitiesareknown(aty = H ),soyoucould
useittofindH .Thiswouldbethesimplestmethod.

Alternately,ifyouprefer,youcouldfirstfindthetimerequiredtoreachthemaximumheightfromthefirstequation,
andthenusethistimeinthesecondequationtosolveforH .

ANSWER:

2 2
v0 sin ()
H =
2g

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 2: Motion in 2-D

Correct

PartB
Whatistherangeoftheprojectile,R?
Expresstherangeintermsofv 0 ,,andg.

Hint1.Findthetotaltimespentinair
Findthetotaltimetheprojectilespendsintheair,byconsideringthetimetH ittakestoreachthehighestpoint
(foundinPartA)andthenthetimeittakestofallbacktotheground.
Expressyouranswerintermsofv 0 ,,andg.
ANSWER:

2v0 sin()
tR =
g

Hint2.Findx(t)
Whatisthexcoordinateoftheprojectile'sposition?
Expressyouranswerintermsoft,v 0 ,and.

ANSWER:

x(t) = v 0 cos()t

ANSWER:

2
2v0 sincos
R =
g

Correct

Consideryouradvicetoanartilleryofficerwhohasthefollowingproblem.Fromhiscurrentpostition,hemustshootoverahillof
heightH atatargetontheotherside,whichhasthesameelevationashisgun.Heknowsfromhisaccuratemapboththe
bearingandthedistanceRtothetargetandalsothatthehillishalfwaytothetarget.Toshootasaccuratelyaspossible,he
wantstheprojectiletojustbarelypassabovethehill.

PartC
Findtheangleabovethehorizontalatwhichtheprojectileshouldbefired.
ExpressyouranswerintermsofH andR.

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 2: Motion in 2-D

Hint1.Howtoapproachtheproblem
Inthefirsthalfofthisproblem,youfoundH andRintermsofv 0 and.Solvethesetwoequationstofindinterms
ofH andR.

Hint2.Setuptheratio
FindtheratioofH toR.
Theonlyvariableinyouranswershouldbe.
ANSWER:

tan()
H /R =
4

ANSWER:

4H
= atan{ }
R

Correct
Recallthefollowingtrigonometryformulas:
opposite
sin = ,
hypotenuse

adjacent
cos = ,
hypotenuse

and
oppposite
tan = .
adjacent

Inthiscase,sincetan() = 4H /R,youcandrawaright
trianglewithasoneoftheangles,an"opposite"sideoflength4H ,andan"adjacent"sideoflengthR.Youcanthen
usethistriangletofindsin() andcos(),afteryoufindthelengthofthehypotenuseusingthePythagoreanTheorem.

PartD
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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 2: Motion in 2-D
Whatistheinitialspeed?

Expressv 0 intermsofg,R,andH .

Hint1.Howtoapproachthispart
UseoneoftheequationsthatyouhadderivedforH andR.Youwillneedtofindanexpressionforsin() and/or
cos()tofindv 0 .

Hint2.Findsin()
Usetheexpressionyouderivedfortan()andthePythagoreantheoremtofindsin() .

LeaveyouranswerintermsofH andR
ANSWER:

4H
sin() =
2 2
R +16H

Hint3.Findcos()
Nowfindtheexpressionforcos().

LeaveyouranswerintermsofH andR.
ANSWER:

R
cos() = 2 2

R +16H

ANSWER:

g 2 2
v0 = (16H +R )
8H

Correct

PartE
Findtg ,theflighttimeoftheprojectile.

ExpresstheflighttimeintermsofH andg.

Hint1.Howtoproceed
First,findtg intermsofv 0 and.YoucanusehintsinPartBintheprevioushalf.

ANSWER:

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10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 2: Motion in 2-D

2v0 sin()
tg =
g

ANSWER:

2H
tg = 2
g

Correct

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