Washing Machine

Definition :

A washing machine (laundry machine, clothes washer, or washer) is

amachine used to wash laundry, such as clothing and sheets. The term is mostly
applied to machines that use water as opposed to dry cleaning (which uses alternative
cleaning fluids, and is performed by specialist businesses) or ultrasonic cleaners.

Washing machine is electric household appliances consisting of electrical components

that are arranged in such a way, so that it can serve to wash, rinse and squeeze / drying
clothes. Washing machines are a group of household electric appliance in the
classification of mechanical conditioning for the washing machine power is converted
into mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is utilized to perform the functions of
washing, rinsing and drying clothes. Washing machine has a power electric pengerak
often referred to as an electric motor with a variety of capacities.

Washing machine is increasingly growing, even now there have been automatic
washing machine, the clothes stay where placed in the sink then operated washing
machine then automatically the machine will wash, rinse to drain. This kind of washing
machine is equipped with a control device, so that the working process can be
controlled by humans.

Structure washing machine :

Top- and front-loading washing machines are discussed in this section. The figure
below depicts the basic components of a top-loading washing machine. The top- and
front-loading washing machine discussion will be centered on this figure.
The main components of the top- and front-loading washing machines are as follows:

Front panel The front panel serves as an interface, meaning that it provides the
user with certain information for example, is it a hot or cold wash, what washing
cycle will be used etc.
Timer The timer enables timed functioning, meaning that the timer can be used to
set the wash time manually.
Switches The switches are used to select different functions and modes.
Water inlet and water inlet valve The water that is used to wash and rinse the
laundry comes from the water inlet, in older washing machines there are two inlets,
one for cold water and one for hot water, but the newer models comes with only a
cold water inlet, so if hot water is required the washing machine will heat the water.
Near the water inlet there is a water inlet valve, the valve controls the flow of water
into the washing machine. The quantity of water that is allowed into the washing
machine is determined by pressure sensors. These sensors determine the mass of
the laundry and the quantity of water needed to wash the laundry.
Water pump and hose connectors The hose connectors connect the water from
the water inlet valve to the water pump, and the water pump circulates water through
the washing machine. The water pump works in two directions, meaning that it re-
circulates the water during the wash cycle and drains the water during the spin
cycle.
Inner and outer tub For top-loading washing machines, the inner and outer tubs
are placed upright, as can be seen in the figure, and for front-loading washing
machines these tubs are placed horizontally. The laundry is washed, rinsed and half
dried in the inner tub. The inner tub has small holes in it, these holes are used to
drain the water from the inner tub into the outer tub, which is stationary. The outer
tub supports the inner tub and the water is drained from this tub by means of the
pump and drain pipe.
Agitator or rotating disc Only top-loading washing machines has agitators or
rotating discs. The agitator or the rotating disc; depending on the model; rotates
continuously, this rotation is required to mix the laundry detergent, water and laundry
thoroughly in order to clean the laundry during the wash cycle, but it also enables
the drainage of the water during the rinse cycle. In front-loading washing machines
the inner tub rotates about a horizontal axis, which causes the laundry, water and
laundry detergent to mix.
Motor The motor is connected to the agitator or the rotating disc (top-loading
washing machine) or the inner tub (front-loading washing machine), seeing that
these components cannot drive themselves. In other words, the motor rotates the
agitator or rotating disc (top-loading washing machines), or the inner tub (front
loading washing machines). These electric motors can reach high speeds very
 quickly, to smoothen the acceleration, washing machines are provided with a drive
belt, as shown in the figure, or a clutch, similar to that of a car.
Drain pipe The drain pipe is used to drain the water from the washing machine
after the wash and rinse cycles.
Power supply The power supply supplies the electrical energy that is needed to
power the front panel, switches and motor.

Function washing machine :

Clothes washing machine is a useful tool to wash clothes by using a single-phase

electric motor. The electric motor is used for washing clothes can rotate in both
directions, to flip back the linen to be washed. To reduce the speed of rotation of the
sink, then the electric motor is equipped with a belt (belt) and wheels players.

Clothes washer models quite a lot, but in general there are two models of washing
machines are filling from the front and washing machines are filling from the top.
Washing machine has a working stage (process): the washing phase, rinse phase and
sentifuse. Automatic washing machines have a washing process takes place
automatically on the stage of cleaning to drying. It is usually set program by using time.
In addition there is an automatic washing machine washing machine manual, the
transition from the initial process to the next process to be served. While automatic
washing machine, having a button in the button (washing) and an outer button. Button
holes therein, so if button outside filled with water, the laundry which is part of the join
button becomes wet. The key part in moving back and forth so key section attached to
clothing as if thrown out.
Motors pulleys made smaller than the button-driven pulleys, so that the round button is
lower than the rotational speed bike. Electric motors usually have two speeds, namely a
low speed (700 rpm) was used for washing and rinsing and high speed (3000 rpm) to
the stages of drying (centrifuges).

How to operate washing machine :

1. First, seperate your clothing. Means, you have to separate your clothing into three
categories. Whites, dark, and bright colors.
2. Second, read the labels to make sure nothing is dry-clean only or hand wash only. If
you find it, just separate these items into other new pile.
3. Third, read the label on the detergent to put the correct measure into the machine.
4. Next, add the water and wait the tub until full enough.
5. After that, close the lid and set the speed of your machine or you can choose regular
speed for most clothing. To get the best result, use hot water for white clothing, cold
for dark clothes, and warm for bright colors.
6. Turn on the washing machine and allow it to run until finished.
7. After the process of washing has finished, let the clothes drain through the drain
hose.
8. After that, see the knob of the wash timer again, set up for three minutes more.
9. Do this twice for a good rinsing.
10. Finally, put the wet clothes into the spin compartment, set the knob and wait until the
spin processing shuts off.
11. Well done! Your clothesare cleanandreadyforthe dryingfor a few minutes.

How to treath washing machine :

Your washing machine doesnt need cleaning, after all it receives a wash with
each cycle, right? Wrong!
Your washing machine can be subject to build up, grime and mould, all of which
will mean that it doesnt wash your clothes as well as it should. Particularly if you
usually always wash with cold water, which doesnt clear out all the dirt and oils
from your machine as effectively as hot water.
One of the best tips for keeping your washing machine in the best shape is not to
overload on detergent. More detergent definitely does not equal better cleaning,
so if your load is particularly stained, look into a specific stain treater instead of
just adding more detergent than usual.
Also, you usually do not need as much detergent as the box says try
experimenting with a little less detergent each time. Your clothes, washing
machine and hip pocket will thank you for it!
Every six months or so (more if you always wash in cold) you should do a
maintenance wash for your machine only. Fill it up on a hot cycle, add a cup of
vinegar and allow the machine to run through its wash and rinse cycle. If you
have noticeable amount of build up, you can also run a second maintenance
wash following the vinegar cycle with a cup of bleach, again with hot water and
allow your machine to run through its complete wash and rinse cycle.
If you have a front loader machine, you will know that the door seal can be a
cause of build up and mould. Once a month, gently pull aside the seal to inspect
it and use a cloth dipped in vinegar to wipe it down.
Make sure you leave the door open after each wash (top and front loaders) so
the machine can dry out as much as possible before the next load.
With a bit of regular maintenance, your washing machine should run more
efficiently and last you a lot longer before you need to replace it.

How to Repair a washing machine :

Causes damage to the washing machine. To find out the cause of which is common,
then you should be able to recognize the type of damage suffered by your washing
machine. The following explanation of the symptoms of damage:

1. Repair damage to the engine turns less tight. If your machine is turning very
slowly, it causes damage to the capacitor bank. Capacitor bank is an electronic
component that is shaped like a cylindrical tube. In the washing machine, the
capacitor is useful to accelerate the engine rotation frequency according to the
calculation circuit between the inductor (winding motor) with kapastior. If you do
not know what it looks like.
2. The machine does not live or lit at all. For error is a lot of possible causes. What
is certain is most likely caused by the supply voltage to the motor disconnected
players. Or it could be because the electric motor is damaged or frayed.
 3. Timer sound heard but the engine does not turn. The reason could also supply
voltage to the motor supply cable is disconnected or the switching timer is not
working properly. The following image on a washing machine timer.
4. Buzzing sounds and smells (new objects on fire). This damage is most likely
because the motor coil burning. So that the motor can not rotate.
5. Can not do the drainage. Usually caused by a rope connected to the faucet
opening disconnected. Round drainage connected to the discharge valve, when
we rotate the faucet will be drawn up and the water will come out.

After knowing the cause then determine how to repair the broken washing machine. To
repair damage to the washing machine brand Sanyo, Panasonic, Sharp, Polytron, LG
and all other brands that use mechanical controls (not digital), then the repairs are
relatively the same.

Step-by-step repair a broken washing machine is as follows:

1. If the engine turns less tight then you should replace it with a new capacitor bank.
In one machine can be one or two capacitor banks. Each for motorcycle washing
(washing) and motorcycle drying (dryer). When the capacitors of the capacitor
means having four legs (meaning on the capacitor there are two capacitors).
Note and record the maximum value of capacitance and voltage of the capacitor.
For example: 10 mikroF, 1000 volts, meaning that the value of capacitance is 10
micro farad capacitor and maximum voltage is 1000 volts. If we use 220 volt
electricity, meaning that we capacitors remain safe to use. After you record both
these values, then seek to store electronic components. If there is not exactly the
same value, you may purchase whose value is less (example 20 micro farad you
replace with 25 microfarads). Prices range from capacitor banks approximately
25ribu.
2. If the engine does not turn on at all. To fix the washing machine which is not lit at
all then do the following: 1). Check the washing machine power cable, plugs and
plugs (plugs). Make sure these parts work well. 2). Open body washer and check
the possibility of the cable is disconnected. If there is a broken cable, then do the
connection (remember the power cord in a state not connected), connect the
appropriate cable and color scheme of the circuit.
3. If all the steps above have to check and still not lit, open the hood on the engine
and check the switching system timer. Inside there is a timer as a regulator plate
tempo of life and death machine. If the timer is damaged then you just buy it to
store components, the price is not too expensive.
4. Timer sound audible but the engine does not turn. In this condition you maybe
timer is still good, but there is a voltage supply line to the motor broke. Examine
the relationship cables.
5. To fix the washing machine that hummed and exit a burning smell is to deliver
service to the electric motor armature. Because I am sure you will find it hard to
fix the armature coil or electric motor.
6. If the water would not come out, check and correct the function of opening the
discharge valve. Usually using a rope.
 WASHING MACHINE

By :
Group -

1. Robi Rianturi
2. Dadan Ramadan
3. Aryanto
4. Anton

ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL

SMK IKPI LABUAN
2016