UE15ME 301Design of Machine Elements I (2017-18 - 5th Sem) Unit - I

UNIT I: Introduction to design for static strength

Design of Machine elements under uni-axial load

1. Find the diameter of a rod made of C14 material subjected to the load as shown in Figure 1.
Assume the factor safety as 3.
F = 2 kN

Figure 1

2. Find the diameter of a rod made of C14 material subjected to the load as shown in Figure 2.
Assume the factor safety as 3.

F = 2 kN
F = 2 kN

Fig. 2

3. Find the diameter of a rod made of C14 material subjected to the load as shown in Figure 3.
Assume the factor safety as 3.
F = 2 kN

30 mm
Fig. 3

1 | Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore, Dr. C V Chandrashekara

UE15ME 301Design of Machine Elements I (2017-18 - 5th Sem) Unit - I

4. Determine the required thickness of the steel bracket at section A-A when loaded as shown in
Figure 4. The material of the element is C35. Assume the factor of safety as 3.

5000 N
50 b
50

A A
50

Fig. 4 Steel Bracket

5. A grey cast iron FG 200 bracket shown in Figure 5 is subjected to a pull of 5 kN. The bracket
has a rectangular cross-section whose depth is twice the width. Determine c/s of the bracket,
assuming the factor of safety as 3.5.

300

600
5 kN
150
X t
A 2t

X
Fig. 5 Steel Bracket

Design of Machine elements under bi-axial load

Principal stresses:

6. The stresses on two mutually perpendicular planes through a point in a body are 30 MPa and
15 MPa, both tensile along with a shear stress of 25 MPa. Find the Principal Stresses.

Theories of Failure:

7. A plate of C45 steel is subjected to the following stresses:

= 150 , = 100 = 50
Find the factor of safety using,
2 | Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore, Dr. C V Chandrashekara
UE15ME 301Design of Machine Elements I (2017-18 - 5th Sem) Unit - I

a. Maximum Principal Stress Theory

b. Maximum Shear Stress Theory and
c. Maximum Distortion Energy Theory (Hencky - Mises Theory)
8. A carbon steel C15 shaft of 60 mm diameter is subjected to a bending moment of 25 x 105 N-
mm and Torque T. Find the maximum value of Torque that can be transmitted without
causing yield of the shaft according to: (Assume the FOS = 1.5)
a. Maximum Principal Stress Theory
b. Maximum Shear Stress Theory and
c. Maximum Distortion Energy Theory

9. A circular rod of diameter 50 mm is subjected to loads as shown in Figure 6. Determine the

nature and magnitude of stresses at the critical points.

1 kNm 3 kN
A
50
15 kN

B 250

Fig. 6

10. Determine the maximum normal stress and maximum shear stress at section A-A for the
crank shown in Figure 7, when a load of 10 kN is assumed to be concentrated ,is applied at
the centre of crank pin. Neglect the effect of transverse shear.

50 Crank Pin
25
10 kN
0
30

75
Crank Shaft 125
A

A Crank Web
75 38 25

Fig. 7 Crank
3 | Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore, Dr. C V Chandrashekara
UE15ME 301Design of Machine Elements I (2017-18 - 5th Sem) Unit - I

Design machine elements under Impact Load:

11. A bar made of C60 material is 40 mm diameter and 1.2 m long, has a collar securely fitted to
one end. It is suspended vertically with the collar at the lower end and a mass of 2,000 kg is
placed on the collar producing an extension in the bar of 0.25 mm. Find the height from
which the same load could be dropped on to the collar without causing yielding. Also find
the impact factor. Assume a factor of safety as 4.

12. An unknown weight falls through 20 mm on a collar rigidly attached to the lower end of a
vertical bar 2 m long and 500 sq. mm section. If the maximum instantaneous extension
known to be 2 mm, find the corresponding stress, value of unknown weight and the impact
factor. [Take E = 200 GPa]

13. A cantilever beam of width 50 mm, depth 150 mm is 1.5 m long. It is struck by a weight of
1,000 N that falls from a height of 10 mm at its free end. [Take E = 20.6 x 104
N/mm2].Determine:
a. Impact factor
d. Instantaneous maximum deflection
e. Instantaneous maximum stress and
f. Instantaneous maximum load

14. A steel rope runs at a speed of 2.5 m/s between the rails of a narrow gauge. The weight of a
loaded car which must be connected with the steel rope of pulling force 8 kN. Area of cross-
section of the rope is 100 mm2, the length of the rope between the driving pulley and the
point where the car is hooked is 300 m. Determine the stress induced in the rope by the
impact of hooking in the car. [Take E = 20.6 x 104 N/mm2]

15. A weight of 1 kN is dropped from a height of 50 mm at the free end of cantilever beam of
effective length 300 mm. Determine the cross-section of the cantilever beam of square cross-
section. If the allowable stress in the material is limited to 80 MPa

16. A beam of I cross-section with 300 mm depth is resting on two end supports 5 m apart. It is
loaded by a weight of 5,000 N falling through a height h and striking the beam at its mid-
point. Moment of inertia of the section is 9.6 x 107 mm4. Modulus of elasticity is given as 21
x 104 N/mm2. Determine the permissible value of h if the material of the beam is taken as
C40 with a factor of safety 3.

4 | Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore, Dr. C V Chandrashekara

UE15ME 301Design of Machine Elements I (2017-18 - 5th Sem) Unit - I

Design of Curved Beams:

17. A crane hook having an approximate trapezoidal cross-section is shown in Figure 8. It is

made of plain carbon steel 45C8 and the factor of safety is 3.5. Determine the load carrying
capacity of the hook.

Fig. 8 Crane hook

18. A C-clamp is subjected to a maximum load of W, as shown in Figure 9. If the maximum

tensile stress in the clamp is limited to 140 MPa, find the value of loads W.

Fig. 9 C-clamp

5 | Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore, Dr. C V Chandrashekara

UE15ME 301Design of Machine Elements I (2017-18 - 5th Sem) Unit - I

19. A machine member is made from a circular section rod and is loaded as shown in Figure 10.
If the maximum stress at any section or point is not to exceed 18 N/mm2, determine the
diameter of the rod.

Fig. 10

20. A ring of steel bar has a diameter of 20 mm and carries a pull of 4 kN as shown in Figure 11.
Determine the stresses at points A, B, C and D of the rim. The mean radius of the rim is
100mm.

Fig. 11 Ring of a steel bar

6 | Department of Mechanical Engineering, PESU, Bangalore, Dr. C V Chandrashekara