COLLEGE OF NURSING

Fluids & Electrolytes

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1. The average daily urine output in an adult is: A. Fluid volume deficit
A. 0.5 L B. Fluid volume excess
B. 1.0 L C. Normal
C. 1.5 L D. None of the above
D. 2.5 L
9. All of the ff assessment parameters are
2. A febrile patients fluid output is in excess of significant for monitoring the patients consition,
normal because of diaphoresis. The nurse should EXCEPT:
plan fluid replacement based on the knowledge A. I & O C. Level of consciousness
that insensible losses in an afebrile person are B. Weight D. skin color
normally not greater than:
A. 300 mL/ 24 h 10. I & O monitoring is important. Normal urine out
B. 600 mL/ 24 h per hour is:
C. 900 mL/ 24 h A. 20mL C. 40mL
D. 1200 mL/ 24 h B. 30mL D. 50mL

3. A persons serum sodium concentration is within 11. The nurse expects that the patients urine output
normal range. The nurse estimates that the is:
serum osmolality should be: A. Decreased C. normal
A. Less than 136 mOsm/kg B. Increased D. none of the above
B. 275 to 300 mOsm/kg
C. Greater than 408 mOsm/kg 12. Important health teaching for the patient includes:
D. 350 to 344 mOsm/kg A. Limit water intake
B. Exercise everyday
4. The nurse expects that a decrease in serum C. Sun exposure is necessary
osmolality would occur with: D. Increase water intake
A. Diabetes insipidus
B. Hyperglycemia 13. All of the ff are involved in the regulation of fluid
C. Renal failure balance in the body, EXCEPT:
D. Uremia A. Renin-angiotensin C. ADH
B. Thirst reflex D. hunger reflex
5. A nurse can estimate that a patient has a serum
osmolality of ___________ if the patients serum 14. All of the ff are classified as fluid sensible loss,
sodium is 140 mEq/L EXCEPT:
A. 70 mOsm/kg A. Vomitus C. sweat
B. 140 mOsm/kg B. Urine D. water vapor
C. 210 mOsm/kg
D. 280 mOsm/kg 15. All of the ff are classified as hypertonic solution,
EXCEPT:
6. The nurse notes that a patients urine osmolality A. D5LR C. D5Water
is 90 mOsm/kg. The nurse knows to assess for B. D5NSS D. D10water
the possible cause of:
A. Acidosis 16. All of the ff are classified as hypotonic solution,
B. Fluid volume excess EXCEPT:
C. Diabetes insipidus A. D5water C. 30%NSS
D. Hyponatremia B. D5 NSS D.45% NSS

7. One of the best indicators of the renal function is: 17. All of the ff are classified as isotonic solution,
A. Blood urea nitrogen EXCEPT:
B. Serum creatinine A. Blood C. LR
C. Specific gravity B. Albumin plasma D. PNSS
D. Urine osmolality

A man with Diabetes Mellitus is rushed to the ER due
to elevated temp, flushed skin, rapid and thready
pulse.
8. Laboratory result indicates elevated hematocrit
level. The nurse suspects that the patient may be
suffering:
Water is the most abundant compound found inside
the human body. It accounts to about 2/3 of body
weight and plays important roles to sustain life.
18. All of the following are properties that make water
vital EXCEPT:

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 A. Serves as protective function
B. Serves as an important reactant 29. The nurse monitoring a trauma patient who has a
C. Absorb & release large amount of heat crushing leg wound should be alert for signs of:
D. Inhibits chemical reaction to occur. A. Tachycardia c. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypernatremia d. Hyperkalemia
19. When solute particles are exceedingly minute
mixed with water, the resulting mixture is 30. When monitoring fluid and electrolytes the nurse
classified as: should realize that the major cation regulating
A. Solvent c. suspension extracellular osmolality is:
B. Solution d. Specific heat capacity A. Sodium c. Calcium
B. Potassium d. Magnesium
20. When solute particles are fairly large when mixed
with water, the resulting mixture is classified as:
A. Solvent c. suspension
B. Solution d. Specific heat capacity

21. Water provides cushioning effects to important

organs in the body in the form of :
i. Cerebrospinal fluid iii. Gastric juice
ii. Amniotic fluid iv. Urine

A. i, ii c. i, ii, iii, iv
B. ii, iii d. iii, iv

22. Water mixed with specialized molecules provide

lubrication for organs in the body in the form of:
i. mucus iii. Synovial fluid
ii. serous fluid iv. Electrolytes

A. i, ii, iii c. i, ii, iii, iv

B. ii, iv d. ii, iii, iv

Compounds are determined by the presence or

absence of carbon and classified as organic and
inorganic.
23. All of the following are classified as organic
compounds EXCEPT:
A. Carbohydrates C. Electrolytes
B. Protein D. Lipids

24. The following contains carbon and substantial

amount of nitrogen EXCEPT:
A. Protein C. lipids
B. Nucleic acid D. amino acid

25. All of the following are Carbohydrates EXCEPT:

A. Glucose c. sugarcane
B. Starch d. enzymes

26. All of the following are Lipids EXCEPT:

A. Hormones c. steroid
B. Triglycerides d. cholesterol

27.All of the following are Proteins EXCEPT:

A. Antibodies c. hemoglobin
B. Steroid d. enzymes
28.A patient is hemorrhaging from multiple trauma
sites. The nurse expects that compensatory
mechanisms associated with hypovolemia would
cause all of the ff symptoms except:
A. Hypertension C. Tachycardia
B. Oliguria D. Tachypnea

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