BS5911-200 (1994)

BRITISH STANDARD BS 5911-200:
1994
Incorporating
Amendments Nos.1
and 2
Precast concrete pipes

and ancillary concrete
products
Part 200: Specification for unreinforced
and reinforced manholes and
soakaways of circular cross-section
Licensed copy:Arup, 23/04/2013, Uncontrolled Copy, BSI
ICS 23.040.50; 91.140.80; 93.030
NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BS 5911-200:1994
Committees responsible for this

British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical

Committee (B/505), Waste water engineering, to Subcommittee B/505/9,
Concrete pipes, fittings and ancillary concrete products, upon which the
following bodies were represented:
Association of Consulting Engineers

British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd.
Concrete Pipe Association
Concrete Society
County Surveyors Society
Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency)
Department of Transport
Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Highways and Transportation
Institution of Water and Environmental Management
Pipe Jacking Association
Water Services Association of England and Wales
This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Technical
Committee B/505, was
published under the authority
of the Standards Board and
comes into effect on
15 September 1994
BSI 07-2001
Amendments issued since publication
First published May 1989
Second edition September 1994 Amd. No. Date Comments
11031 January 2001

The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard: 13205 July 2001 Indicated by a sideline
Committee reference B/505/9
Draft for comment 90/3938 DC
ISBN 0 580 22545 3

BS 5911-200:1994
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword iii
Section 1. General
1.1 Scope 1
1.2 References 1
1.3 Definitions 1
Section 2. Materials
2.1 Cement 3
2.2 Aggregates 3
2.3 Other concrete materials 4
2.4 Concrete mix, casting and finish 4
2.5 Reinforcement 6
Section 3. Dimensions and tolerances
3.1 Nominal size (DN) 9
3.2 Internal manufacturing diameter and actual diameter 9
3.3 Variation in the thickness of wall 9
3.4 Squareness of ends 9
3.5 Joints 9
3.6 Components 11
Section 4. Tests
4.1 General 21
4.2 Test requirements 21

Section 5. Inspection procedures and marking
5.1 Inspection procedures 25
5.2 Marking 30
Annex A (informative) Information to be supplied in an enquiry
and order 32
Annex B (informative) Method of assessment of surface finish 32
Annex C (normative) Method of test for water absorption by concrete 33
Annex D (normative) Method of test for works proof load crushing
strength for chamber and shaft sections 33
Annex E (normative) Method of load test for slabs and cover frame
seating rings 38
Annex F (normative) Methods of measuring depth of cover to
reinforcement 46
Annex G (informative) Recommended facilities for purchasers 46
Figure 1 Effective length of shaft, chamber and taper sections 2
Figure 2 Typical joint designs 10
Figure 3 Typical manhole arrangements 13
Figure 4 Typical cover slabs 17
Figure 5 Typical reducing slabs 19
Figure 6 Typical cover frame seating rings 19
Figure 7 Typical landing slabs 20
Figure 8 Inspection procedure for the works load test and test
for depth of cover to reinforcement for slabs and cover frame seating rings 29
Figure B.1 Gauge for assessing surface voids 32
Figure D.1 Crushing test arrangements 36
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BS 5911-200:1994
Page
Figure D.2 Dimensions of feeler gauge for inspecting cracks in
reinforced sections 37
Figure E.1 Arrangement of cover slabs 41
Figure E.2 Arrangement of landing slabs 43
Figure E.3 Arrangement of reducing slabs 44
Figure E.4 Arrangement of cover frame seating ring 45
Table 1 Limits of chloride content of concrete 5
Table 2 Nominal sizes and tolerances for shaft and chamber
sections 9
Table 3 Dimensions of chamber and shaft sections and tapers 14
Table 4 Dimensions of chamber and shaft cover slabs 15
Table 5 Dimensions of reducing slabs 15
Table 6 Dimensions of landing slabs 16
Table 7 Summary of test requirements and inspection procedures 22
Table 8 Works load tests for slabs and cover frame seating rings 24
Table 9 Maximum number of individual defectives in
last 10 batches permitted for switching to reduced inspection
(works proof load crushing test) 26
Table 10 Inspection plans for works proof load crushing test 27
List of references 47
ii BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Foreword
This part of BS 5911 has been prepared under the direction of Technical
Committee B/505, Waste water engineering. This edition is a reissue of
the 1989 edition, incorporating editorial corrections, and is not a technical
revision of the standard.
As part of the new approach to harmonization of standards in Europe, work on a
specification for manholes is being undertaken in CEN/TC 165, Waste water
engineering, and the requirements for manholes specified in the 1989 edition are
now subject to a standstill agreement. Standstill is an obligation accepted by the
members of CEN/CENELEC not to take any action, during the preparation of a
European Standard (EN), which could prejudice the harmonization process.
The opportunity was taken, when part 1 was revised and replaced by part 100, to
rationalize the BS 5911 part numbering system whereby part 100, part 101, etc.
would cover various types of concrete pipes and part 200, etc. would cover
manholes and other ancillary concrete products.
As regards performance of units in the ground, it should be noted that this part
of BS 5911 is a specification based principally on testing units in the
manufacturers works or in testing stations. The criteria are, however, intended
to ensure that the units will be capable of withstanding earth and traffic loading
without suffering structural damage, provided that the method of installation
and the general conditions under which the units are operating are suited to a
proper design concept. Units in contact with sea water, industrial waste, etc., and
those to be installed in an environment aggressive to concrete, should be the
subject of special consideration.
BS EN 752-3, BS EN 1295-1 and BS EN 1610 deal with design, installation and
testing of manholes on drains and sewers. The original National Annex NB of
BS EN 752-3:1997 gave information about traditional UK practice as described in
BS 8301 and BS 8005-1, both of which are now withdrawn. The national annex
was amended on 15 November 2000 to take account of Safe Work in Confined
Spaces Approved Code of practice, Regulations and Guidance, issued by the
Health and Safety Commission under the provisions of the Confined Spaces
Regulations 1997 (SI 1997 No. 1713) [1]. Members of CEN/CENELEC are
permitted under the duty of care owed by the publisher of documents having a
recognized national status to amend their existing national standards
accordingly in such circumstances. Therefore, Amendments Nos. 1 and 2 to this
standard together reflect the revised information in National Annex NB of
BS EN 752-3:1997, as amended by Amendments Nos. 1 and 2 to that standard, as
regards safe working in manholes.
In order to allow users and specifiers time to amend specifications and the orderly
disposal of stock by the manufacturers, Amendment No. 2 comes into effect on
01 November 2001.
For an enquiry or order to be fully understood it is essential that the
manufacturer be given the information set out in Annex A.
BSI 07-2001 iii

BS 5911-200:1994
Product certification/inspection/testing. Users of this British Standard are

advised to consider the desirability of third-party certification/inspection/testing
of product conformity with this British Standard. Appropriate conformity
attestation arrangements are described in BS EN ISO 9002:1994. Users seeking
assistance in identifying appropriate conformity assessment bodies or schemes
may ask BSI to forward their enquiries to the relevant association.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv,
pages 1 to 48, an inside back cover and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
Sidelining in this document indicates the most recent changes by amendment.
iv BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Section 1. General 1
1.1 Scope
This part of BS 5911 specifies requirements for precast concrete components for manholes of circular
cross-section, either unreinforced or reinforced with steel, intended to be used in pipelines for the
conveyance, under atmospheric pressure, of sewage or surface water. Requirements for soakaways are also
specified. Requirements are given for materials, finish, dimensions and inspection procedures. Dimensions
are specified for ogee, rebated and tongued and grooved type joints.
1.2 References
1.2.1 Normative references
This part of BS 5911 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are made at the appropriate places in the text and the cited publications are listed on
page 47. For dated references, only the edition cited applies; any subsequent amendments to or revisions
of the cited publication apply to this part of BS 5911 only when incorporated in the reference by
amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the cited publication applies, together
with any amendments.
1.2.2 Informative references
This part of BS 5911 refers to other publications that provide information or guidance. Editions of these
publications current at the time of issue of this standard are listed on the inside back cover, but reference
should be made to the latest editions.
1.3 Definitions
For the purposes of this Part of BS 5911, the following definitions apply.
1.3.1
unit
a manhole or soakaway component

1.3.2
manhole
a vertical chamber of circular cross-section, with or without an access shaft, constructed over a sewer or
drain to permit inspection and access
1.3.3
soakaway
a vertical chamber of circular cross-section, perforated to allow the passage of water and with or without
an access shaft
1.3.4
shaft
a vertical passageway of circular cross-section providing access for a person to work in a manhole or
soakaway
1.3.5
nominal size (DN)
a numerical designation of the bore of a shaft or chamber section, which is a convenient round number
approximately equal to the internal diameter in millimetres
1.3.6
manufacturing diameter
a diameter of a shaft or chamber section that a manufacturer seeks to achieve
1.3.7
actual diameter
a diameter found by measurement
1.3.8
effective length
the length of a shaft, chamber or taper section measured (see Figure 1)
BSI 07-2001 1
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 1
1.3.9
characteristic strength of concrete
that value of cube strength below which 5 % of all possible strength measurements of the specified concrete
are expected to fall
1.3.10
batch
the number of units of a particular specification produced under uniform conditions during a given
production period by one particular process
1.3.11
reinforcement
steel, other than stainless steel, cast within a unit so as to reinforce the concrete or to locate steel for that
purpose
Figure 1 Effective length of shaft, chamber and taper sections
2 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Section 2. Materials 2
2.1 Cement
The cement shall either:
a) be factory-produced by the cement manufacturer and conform to one of the following standards as
appropriate:
Type of cement Standard

ordinary and rapid-hardening BS 12
Portland
Portland blast-furnace BS 146
Sulfate-resisting Portland BS 4027
Portland pulverized fuel ash BS 6588
(p.f.a)
or
b) consist of one of the following combinations of cement conforming to BS 12 and ground granulated
blast-furnace slag (g.g.b.s.) or p.f.a., in accordance with the following, to be included as part of the
concrete mix by simultaneously combining them with the other concrete materials at the concrete mixer:
Cementitious component other than Standard % (m/m) of total cementitious content

cement
g.g.b.s. BS 6699 0 % to 65 %
p.f.a. BS 3892-1 15 % to 35 %
Where special combinations of cement conforming to BS 12 and g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. are to be used for
additional resistance to sulfate attack (see note), the percentage by mass of the total cementitious content
shall be in the ranges 70 % to 90 % or 25 % to 40 % respectively.
In all cases where combinations of cement conforming to BS 12 and g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. are used, the relevant
proportion of g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. shall be fully documented in the production records.
NOTE The requirements specified in 2.4.1 for minimum cement content and maximum water/cement ratio will ensure that any of
the permitted cements or standard combinations of cement conforming to BS 12 and g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. should provide resistance to
sulfate attack equivalent to classes 1 and 2 of Table 6.1 of BS 8110-1:1985. Where either class 3 or class 4 conditions as specified in
Table 6.1 of BS 8110-1:1985 are required, see 2.4.1. The advice of the pipe manufacturer should be sought where class 5 conditions
exist.
2.2 Aggregates
2.2.1 General
Aggregates shall consist of materials conforming to BS 882.
NOTE The manufacturer may modify the gradings to suit the manufacturing process. (See clause 0 of BS 882:1992.)
2.2.2 Mechanical properties

The limiting values on the mechanical properties of coarse aggregates shall be either:
a) a minimum 10 % fines value of 100 kN when tested in accordance with BS 812-111; or
b) a maximum aggregate impact value of 30 % when tested in accordance with BS 812-112.
When tested in accordance with BS 812-105.1, the flakiness index shall be not more than 35.
2.2.3 Nominal maximum size
The nominal maximum size of aggregate shall not exceed the lesser of the following:
a) 20 mm;
b) the size of concrete cover (see 2.5.2).
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BS 5911-200:1994 Section 2
2.3 Other concrete materials

2.3.1 Water
Water shall be clean and free from harmful matter in such quantities as affect the properties of the concrete
in the plastic or hardened state.
NOTE 1 See Appendix A of BS 3148:1980.
NOTE 2 As a general rule, potable water, whether treated for distribution through the public supply or untreated, is suitable for
making concrete.
2.3.2 Admixtures
2.3.2.1 Admixtures shall conform to BS 5075.
NOTE Admixtures, when used (see Annex A), should not impair the durability of the concrete, nor combine with the ingredients to
form harmful compounds nor increase the risk of corrosion of reinforcement.
2.3.2.2 The chloride ion content of admixtures shall not exceed 2 % (m/m) of the admixture nor 0.03 %
(m/m) of the cement, when used in:
a) any concrete containing reinforcement or other embedded metal; and
b) any concrete made with cement conforming to BS 4027.
2.4 Concrete mix, casting and finish
2.4.1 Cement content
2.4.1.1 The fully compacted concrete shall contain not less than 360 kg/m3 of cement (inclusive of any
g.g.b.s. or p.f.a.) and shall have a water/cement ratio of not greater than 0.45.
2.4.1.2 Where a special combination of cement conforming to BS 12 and g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. is used (see 2.1b),
the minimum cementitious content shall be increased from 360 kg/m3 to 380 kg/m3 where class 3 sulfate
resistance conditions as specified in Table 6.1 of BS 8110-1:1985 are required (see Annex A).
NOTE Class 3 resistance is also obtained by use of cement conforming to BS 4027 alone.
2.4.1.3 When making class 4 conditions, as specified in Table 6.1 of BS 8110-1:1985, as may be required by
the purchaser (see Annex A), cement conforming to BS 4027 shall be used and the minimum cement
content shall be increased from 330 kg/m3 to 370 kg/m3.
NOTE Where class 5 conditions exist, the pipe manufacturers advice should be sought.
4 BSI 07-2001
Section 2 BS 5911-200:1994
2.4.2 Chloride content

The total chloride ion content of the concrete mixes shall be as given in Table 1.
Table 1 Limits of chloride content of concrete
Type of concrete Maximum total chloride content expressed as a
percentage of chloride ion by mass of cement (inclusive
of g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. when used)
% (m/m)
Heat-cured concrete containing embedded metal 0.1
Concrete made with cement conforming to BS 4027 0.2
Concrete containing embedded metal and made with
cement conforming to BS 12, BS 146, or combinations
of cement conforming to BS 12 and g.g.b.s. or p.f.a. 0.4
2.4.3 Temperature of concrete and other materials
Concrete, when placed, shall have a temperature of at least 5C, which shall be maintained until the
concrete is hardened. If aggregates and water are heated before mixing, the temperature shall not
exceed 60C.
The temperature of any other materials and moulds used shall be at least 0 C.
2.4.4 Compaction
All units shall be compacted so that, when hardened, they shall be free from honeycombing and from any
individual large void as defined in 4.4.1 of BS 1881-120:1983.
NOTE Any individual void larger than 6 mm is unacceptable. Blistering should not be regarded as a void.
2.4.5 Surface finish

With the exception of the external edges of slabs and of cover frame seating rings, surfaces of units, when
tested in accordance with Annex B, shall be free from voids which permit diametrically opposite points of
the rim of the gauge to touch simultaneously the surface of the unit.
NOTE Voids up to and including 12 mm deep may be made good using material conforming to 2.4.6. Voids up to 12 mm deep in the
external edges of slabs and of cover frame seating rings need not be made good.
2.4.6 Making good

2.4.6.1 Materials
Materials for making good shall be one of the following:
a) neat cement grout, with or without the addition of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), the type of cement
being compatible with that in the unit to be made good;
b) 1 : 3 cement/sand mortar proportioned by mass with or without the addition of SBR; the cement shall
be compatible with that in the unit to be made good, and the sand shall conform to the requirements for
fine sand in BS 882 but have a grading such that 100 % of the material passes through a 5 mm sieve;
c) a sample of the concrete mix minus the aggregate retained on the 5 mm sieve, with or without the
addition of SBR;
d) epoxy or polyester resin, or polymer latex mortar.
NOTE For guidance on the use of epoxy and polyester resins, see CIRIA Report 69 Effective use of epoxy and polyester resins in civil
engineering structures [2]. See also The repair of concrete structures [3] published by the Cement and Concrete Association, which also
deals with polymer latex mortars, and 6.10.5 of BS 8110-1:1985.
2.4.6.2 Blistering
Any blistering shall be made good using material conforming to 2.4.6.1.
NOTE Flaking of the surface of a unit does not constitute blistering.
BSI 07-2001 5
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 2
2.4.6.3 Joint surfaces

Prior to testing, making good of joint surfaces shall only be carried out in the following circumstances.
a) If the requirements of 2.4.4 have been met, a joint profile may be reworked for conformity to 3.5 by one
of the following methods:
1) Whilst the concrete is green, by application of material conforming to 2.4.6.1b) or c) to a depth not
exceeding 5 mm;
2) by the application of material conforming to 2.4.6.1d);
3) by grinding off.
b) If the requirements of 2.4.4 have been met and the conditions given in 1) and 2) apply, any spalling of
the arrises of spigots or sockets that has occurred during demoulding or handling may be made good by
the application of material conforming to 2.4.6.1b) or c).
1) In any unit the total exposed area of broken concrete does not exceed 6 (DN) mm2 and no
individual area exceeds 3 (DN) mm2.
NOTE For example. The total area for a DN 900 shaft unit is 5 400 mm2 with no individual area exceeding 2 700 mm2.
2) No exposed area of broken concrete is in contact with both the outer and inner surface of the spigot
or socket of the unit.
c) If the requirements of 2.4.4 have been met, any spalling of the arrises of spigots or sockets that has
occurred during demoulding or handling may be made good by the application of material conforming
to 2.4.6.1d) provided that in any unit the total exposed area of broken concrete does not exceed
12 (DN) mm2 and no individual area exceeds 6 (DN) mm2.
2.4.6.4 Exposed steel
Where, on de-moulding, bar steel not forming part of the reinforcement of a unit is visible, or is found to be
within the concrete cover and a manufacturer wishes to make good rather than discard the unit, a
maximum of two such pieces shall be removed, each having a length not exceeding half the thickness of the
unit, and the void(s) shall be made good with material conforming to 2.4.6.1d) before the unit is assessed
for conformity.
2.5 Reinforcement
2.5.1 Materials and arrangement
Reinforcement and steel lifting facilities shall conform to one of the following standards as appropriate.
Type of reinforcement Standard

carbon steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete BS 4449
cold reduced steel wire for the reinforcement of
concrete BS 4482
steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete BS 4483
NOTE It is permissible to use main reinforcement in the form of loose rings, either hooked, butt welded or lap welded, or in the form
of a continuous helix or fabric, suitably welded.
Longitudinal bars or wires or any other effective method shall be used to control spacing and shape and to
ensure safe handling.
The clear space between bars shall be not less than the nominal maximum size of the coarse aggregate plus
5 mm.
2.5.2 Protection for reinforcement
The concrete cover over all reinforcement shall be such that, in any finished unit, it is nowhere less
than 12 mm in depth and in slabs or cover frame seating rings nowhere less than 20 mm in depth (see 4.2.5
and Annex F).
An effective means shall be provided for maintaining the reinforcement in position and for ensuring correct
cover during manufacture of the unit. Spacers for this purpose shall be of grade 316S31 austenitic stainless
steel conforming to BS 970-1, or other rustproof material.
NOTE Units exhibiting rust marks that originate from steel within the unit are not acceptable.
6 BSI 07-2001
Section 2 BS 5911-200:1994
Except for the exposed section of steel lifting facilities to slabs there shall be no steel, other than stainless
steel, within the concrete cover.
Reinforcement and steel lifting facilities shall be free from mud, oil, paint, retarders, loose rust, loose mill
scale, snow, ice, grease or any other substance which can be shown to affect adversely the steel or concrete
chemically, or to reduce the bond between steel and concrete.
BSI 07-2001 7
8
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BS 5911-200:1994
Section 3. Dimensions and tolerances 3
3.1 Nominal size (DN)

The nominal sizes (see 1.3.5) of shaft and chamber sections shall be as specified in Table 2.
3.2 Internal manufacturing diameter and actual diameter
The maximum and minimum internal manufacturing diameters of a shaft or chamber section (see 1.3.6),
shall be as specified in Table 2.
The actual internal diameter shall not deviate from the manufacturing diameter by an amount greater
than that specified in column 3 of Table 2.
NOTE The external manufacturing diameter of the barrel of a shaft or chamber section should be stated by the manufacturer if so
required (see Annex A).
3.3 Variation in the thickness of wall

The variation in radial thickness of the wall of a shaft or chamber section shall not exceed the amount
specified in Table 2.
3.4 Squareness of ends
Sections shall be capable of being jointed in any orientation with their axes coincident.
NOTE Squareness of ends of shaft, chamber and taper is significant only as it relates to the jointing of units and to the verticality
of the chamber or shaft.
3.5 Joints
Joints shall be of the ogee, rebated or tongued and grooved type.
The axial length of each ogee or rebated end of a section shall be not less than (0.03 DN + 7) mm, where
DN is the nominal size of the section.
NOTE 1 For example, for a section of DN 1 200, the axial length should be not less than (0.03 1 200 + 7) mm = 43 mm.
The profile of a joint shall be in accordance with the design dimensions and tolerances of mating surfaces
(spigot and socket) as recorded by the manufacturer.
NOTE 2 Typical joints are shown in Figure 2.
Table 2 Nominal sizes and tolerances for shaft and chamber sections
Nominal size of sections Limits of internal Deviation of actual internal Variation of wall thickness
manufacturing diameter diameter from manufacturing
diameter
Chambers Shafts Maximum Minimum
diameter diameter
DN DN mm mm mm mm
900 920 880 6 6

1 050 1 050 1 070 1 030 6 6
1 200 1 200 1 220 1 180 10 10
1 350 1 380 1 330 10 10
1 500 1 530 1 480 10 10
1 800 1 830 1 780 10 10
2 100 2 135 2 075 16 16
2 400 2 435 2 375 16 16
2 700 2 740 2 675 16 16
3 000 3 040 2 975 16 16
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BS 5911-200:1994 Section 3
Figure 2 Typical joint designs
10 BSI 07-2001
Section 3 BS 5911-200:1994
3.6 Components
3.6.1 General
A manhole or soakaway shall consist of two or more of the following precast components:
a) cover frame seating ring;
b) shaft cover slab;
c) shaft section;
d) reducing slab;
e) taper;
f) chamber cover slab;
g) chamber section (perforated for soakaways);
h) landing slab.
Tapers, shaft and chamber sections shall be jointed by means of one of the joints specified in 3.5.
NOTE Typical manhole arrangements are shown in Figure 3.
3.6.2 Dimensions
The dimensions of components shall be as specified in Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6,
and 3.6.8. For cover frame seating rings, shaft and chamber cover slabs, reducing slabs and landing slabs,
it is permissible for the vertical face(s) of an opening to be cast with a nominal release angle away from the
opening.
NOTE All sections within a given manhole or soakaway should be of the same 150 mm or 125 mm module.
Soakaway chamber sections shall have holes not less than 45 mm and not greater than 80 mm in diameter,
or slits 15 mm or 25 mm wide, arranged in one or more rows spaced around the circumference. The number
and area of holes or slits shall be such that there is a minimum aperture area in each unit of 50 000 mm2
per metre of depth per metre of nominal size of chamber.
3.6.3 Tapers
Tapers shall be of the straight-back type, to facilitate access, and of the dimensions given in Table 3.
3.6.4 Lifting facilities
Arrangements for lifting shall be incorporated in all units.
3.6.5 Steps
Steps conforming to BS 1247, which are installed by the manufacturer of the unit, shall be fitted unless
required otherwise by the purchaser (see Annex A). Steps shall be fitted with the tail always within the
wall thickness.
The nominal vertical interval between all steps within a given manhole [dimension K in Figure 3a)] or
soakaway shall be 300 mm or 250 mm (see Table 3) and, with the exception of sections immediately below
a cover slab, there shall be a step at a distance equal to half this vertical interval below the top of each unit
[dimension L in Figure 3a)].
3.6.6 Cover slabs for shafts and chambers
3.6.6.1 External dimensions
The external dimensions of cover slabs shall be as specified in Table 4.
NOTE Typical cover slabs are shown in Figure 4.
3.6.6.2 Cover slabs for shafts

DN 900 shaft cover slabs shall be provided with a central access hole 600 +200 mm square located in
accordance with Figure 4f). Access holes in cover slabs for DN 1 050 units shall be 600 +20 mm square and
0
for DN 1 200 units shall be 750 +20 mmm 600 +20 6 mm located eccentrically in accordance with Figure 4e).
0 0
All access holes shall be provided with corners radiused or chamfered at least 75 mm as shown in
Figure 4c).
BSI 07-2001 11
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 3
Shaft cover slabs shall be of either type 1, having a lip which locates outside the shaft wall, or type 2 having
a lip which locates inside the shaft section [see Figure 4a)]. Type 2 slabs shall have an outside diameter not
less than that of the shaft that they are supplied to fit.
3.6.6.3 Cover slabs for chambers
Chamber cover slabs shall be of either type 1, having a lip which locates outside the chamber wall, or
type 2, having a lip which locates inside the chamber section [see Figure 4b)]. Type 2 slabs shall have an
outside diameter not less than that of the chamber which they are designed to fit.
DN 1 050 chamber cover slabs shall be provided with an eccentric access hole 600 +20 mm square or a
0
central access hole 750 +20 mm square located in accordance with Figure 4e) and Figure 4f) respectively.
0
DN 1 200 to DN 1 500 chamber cover slabs shall be provided with an eccentric access hole
750 +20 mm 600 +20 mm or a central access hole 1 200 +20 mm 675 +20 mm located in accordance with
0 0 0 0
Figure 4e) and Figure 4f) respectively.
DN 1 800 and above chamber cover slabs shall be provided with an eccentric access hole
750 +20 mm 600 +20 mm or 1 200 +20 mm 675 +20 mm located in accordance with Figure 4e).
0 0 0 0
All access holes shall be provided with corners radiused or chamfered at least 75 mm as shown in
Figure 4c).
3.6.6.4 Text deleted
3.6.7 Reducing slabs

Dimensions of reducing slabs shall be as specified in Table 5.
NOTE 1 Typical reducing slabs as alternatives to tapers are shown in Figure 5.
NOTE 2 It is permissible to incorporate short cut sections of shafts to provide the first stage of shafts seated on the reducing slab.
3.6.8 Cover frame seating rings

Cover frame seating rings shall be either circular or rectangular and shall be reinforced. The access hole
shall be 600 +20 mm square with all four corners radiused or chamfered at least 75 mm. The access hole
0
shall be eccentric (type 1) or central (type 2) (see Figure 6).
3.6.9 Landing slabs

External dimensions of landing slabs shall be as specified in Table 6. Landing slabs shall have an access
hole not less than 900 mm in diameter and located eccentrically in accordance with Figure 7.
12 BSI 07-2001
Section 3 BS 5911-200:1994
Chamber cover Cover frame Cover frame

slab type 1 seating rings seating rings
L
or B1
B
Step Shaft cover

slab type 1
K
A D
Reducing
slab
or B1
L
Chamber
B
section type 1C
a) Typical shallow manhole

A
Cover frame
seating rings
Shaft cover
slab type 2
Nominal release
angle Landing
slab type 2
or B1
D
B
Shaft section
Taper
or C1
Nominal release angle

C
Steps or ladder
A Chamber not shown
or B1
section
B
Steps or ladder
not shown
or B1
B
b) Using taper in typical manhole c) Using a reducing slab and landing platform in typical deep
manhole
Figure 3 Typical manhole arrangements
BSI 07-2001 13
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 3
Eccentric cover frame

seating ring
Cover slab type 2
Chamber section
Double steps
125 mm nom.
d) Using double steps with eccentric cover frame seating ring
Figure 3 Typical manhole arrangements (concluded)
Table 3 Dimensions of chamber and shaft sections and tapers

Nominal sizes Nominal effective lengths
A D C or C1 B or B1 K L
DN DN mm mm mm mm
600 500 300 to 1 200 in 250 to 1 000 in 300, where 150, where
1 200 900 600 500 multiples of 300 multiples of 250 B applies, or B applies, or
1 350 900 900 1 000 except for bottom except for bottom 250, where 125, where
sections and those sections and those B1 applies B1 applies
1 500 900 or 900 1 000
immediately below immediately
1 050 900 1 000 a cover slab, below a cover slab,
1 800 See See where multiples where multiples
2 100 note 2. note 2. of 150 shall apply of 125 shall apply
900,
2 400
2 700 1 050 or
1 200
3 000
NOTE 1 Dimensions A, B, B1, C, C1, D, K and L are shown in Figure 3.

NOTE 2 For sizes of A greater than DN 1 800, reducing slabs are normally used.
14 BSI 07-2001
Section 3 BS 5911-200:1994
Table 4 Dimensions of chamber and shaft cover slabs

Chamber Shaft Overhang Thickness, Register, Nominal clear opening Figure reference
nominal size, A nominal (where H (min.) G (min.) Shaft/Chamber
size, D applicable),
F (min.)
DN DN mm mm mm mm
900 50 125 12
600 600 (central) Figure 4f)
1 050 50 125 12 600 600 (eccentric) Figure 4e)
1 200 50 125 12 750 600 (eccentric) Figure 4e)
1 050 50 125 12 600 600 (eccentric) or
Figure 4e)
750 750 (central) Figure 4f)
1 200 to 50 125 12
1 350 750 600 (eccentric) or Figure 4e)
1 200 675 (central) Figure 4f)
1 500 50 150 12
750 600 (eccentric) or Figure 4e)
1 200 675 (central) Figure 4f)
1 800 to 50 150 12
3 000 750 600 (eccentric) or Figure 4e)
1 200 675 (eccentric) Figure 4e)
NOTE Dimensions A, D, F, G and H are shown in Figure 4a) and Figure 4b).
Table 5 Dimensions of reducing slabs

Chamber nominal Shaft nominal size, D Overhang (where Thickness, T, (min.) Register, G, (min.)
size, A applicable), F (min.)
DN DN mm mm mm

1 200 900 125
1 350 900 125

1 500 900 or 1 050 150
1 800 50 150 12

2 100 150

2 400 900, 1 050 or 1 200 150
2 700 150

3 000 150
NOTE Dimensions A, D, F, G and T are shown in Figure 5.
BSI 07-2001 15
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 3
Table 6 Dimensions of landing slabs

Chamber nominal size, Overhang (where applicable), Register, G, (min.) Thickness, T, (min.)
A F (min.)
DN mm mm mm
1 500 100

1 800 100

2 100 150
2 400 150
50 12
2 700 150
3 000 150

NOTE Dimensions A, F, G and T are shown in Figure 7.
16 BSI 07-2001
Section 3 BS 5911-200:1994
F
H
G
G
D D
Type 1 Type 2
a) Shaft cover slabs cross-sections
F Nominal release angle
H
H
A A
G
G
Type 1 Type 2
b) Chamber cover slab cross-sections

75
45
45
R 75 min. 75
c) Detail of access hole
All dimensions shown are in millimetres
Figure 4 Typical cover slabs
BSI 07-2001 17
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 3
75 nom.
A
45
R 75nom.
X = (A/2 - 150) 10
Type 1 Type 2
e) Location of eccentric access hole with double step
A A
75 nom. 75 nom.
45 45
R 75 nom. R 75 nom.
Type 1 Type 2 Type 1 Type 2
f) Details of central access holes

All dimensions shown are in millimetres.
Figure 4 Typical cover slabs (concluded)
18 BSI 07-2001
Section 3 BS 5911-200:1994
D D
Shaft wall
T
T
T
T
Chamber wall
G
G
G
F F
A A
a) b)
D
D
T
T
T
G
F F
A A

c) d)
Figure 5 Typical reducing slabs

65 min.
External corners square, External corners square,

radiused or chamfered radiused or chamfered
R 75 min. R 75 min.
75
75
45 45
a) Type 1: Eccentric opening b) Type 2: Central opening
Figure 6 Typical cover frame seating rings
BSI 07-2001 19
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 3
900 nom.
Chamber wall
Nominal
release
angle
Type 1 Type 2
(A/2 - 600) 10
Figure 7 Typical landing slabs

20 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Section 4 . Tests 4
NOTE Table 7 summarizes all test requirements and inspection procedures.
4.1 General
4.1.1 Routine and type testing
4.1.1.1 Type tests shall be carried out to prove the design of a unit. They shall be undertaken whenever
there is a change in design, type of material or method of manufacture.
4.1.1.2 Units shall be considered ready for dispatch only after the design has been proven by type tests and
the batch of which the units form part has been routinely tested.
All units within any batch shall be cured and matured under similar conditions. They shall not be
dispatched until they are at least 10 days old.
4.1.1.3 Records of all tests shall be kept.
4.1.2 Test equipment and facilities
4.1.2.1 Suitable equipment and facilities shall be available for sampling and testing the units before
dispatch.
NOTE This may be provided either at the manufacturers works or elsewhere.
4.1.2.2 All test equipment shall be calibrated at least annually and certification to that effect shall be
provided.
4.2 Test requirements
4.2.1 Cube crushing test
For all tapers, slabs and cover frame seating rings, sets of cubes shall be made, cured and tested in
accordance with BS 1881-108, BS 1881-111 and BS 1881-116 respectively. When assessed in accordance
with BS 5328, the 28-day characteristic strength of concrete having the whole cementitious content in
accordance with BS 12 shall be not less than 40 N/mm2. For all other cements, the strength shall be not
less than 45 N/mm2.
NOTE 1 It is permissible to show conformity to the required 28-day characteristic strength before 28 days have elapsed by testing
additional cubes cured and stored under the same regime as the units that they represent.
NOTE 2 Cube tests for the concrete used in chamber and shaft sections are not required because the concrete used in the
manufacture of these units is generally compacted in a different way from the method specified in BS 1881-108.
BSI 07-2001 21
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 4
Table 7 Summary of test requirements and inspection procedures

Unit Nominal Test Requirements Test method Inspection
size given in clause given in procedures
given in clause
Cover, reducing and All Surface finish 2.4.5 Annex B See note 1
landing slabs and All Cube crushing 4.2.1 4.2.1 5.1.4
cover frame seating All Water absorption 4.2.2 Annex C 5.1.3
rings
All Works load 4.2.4 Annex E 5.1.6
All Protection for
reinforcement 2.5.2 Annex F 5.1.6
Taper All Surface finish 2.4.5 Annex B See note 1
All Cube crushing 4.2.1 4.2.1 5.1.3
All Water absorption 4.2.2 Annex C 5.1.4
All Protection for
Shaft, manhole or All Surface finish 2.4.5 Annex B See note 1
soakaway section All Water absorption 4.2.2 Annex C 5.1.4
All Works proof load crushing 4.2.3 Annex D See note 2
All Protection for
NOTE 1 This test is to be carried out as and when required.
NOTE 2 Inspection procedures are not given in this part of BS 5911 for works proof crushing tests applied to isolated batches of
shaft and chamber sections. See note to 5.1.5.3.
NOTE 3 Excluding the test for surface finish, to which all units may be subjected, all tests shall be performed as both type tests
and routine tests.
4.2.2 Water absorption test

When sampled in accordance with 5.1.4 and prepared and tested in accordance with Annex C, the increase
in the dry mass of a single test piece by absorption of water shall not exceed:
a) 3.6 % after 30 min;
b) 6.5 % after 24 h.
The hole in a unit from which a core specimen has been taken shall be sealed with material conforming
to 2.4.6.1d).
NOTE A hole sealed in this way does not preclude a unit from conforming to this standard.
4.2.3 Works proof load crushing test for shaft and chamber sections
4.2.3.1 Unreinforced sections
When tested in accordance with either of the procedures described in D.1, D.2, D.3 and D.4 inclusive, an
unreinforced shaft or chamber section shall withstand for 1 min without showing signs of distress either:
a) a load of 20 kN/m of effective length, when tested in accordance with D.3.1 and D.4.1 (horizontal
arrangement); or
b) a load of 20 kN/m of effective length plus 0.75 times the self-weight of the unit per metre of effective
length, when tested in accordance with D.3.2 and D.4.2 (vertical arrangement).
NOTE Cracks other than visible crazing within any cement-rich surface layer are not acceptable.
22 BSI 07-2001
Section 4 BS 5911-200:1994
4.2.3.2 Reinforced sections

When tested as described in 4.2.3.1 and D.5, a reinforced shaft or chamber section shall withstand for at
least 1 min the appropriate works proof load specified for its size and class without developing a crack
penetrable by an 0.25 mm feeler gauge to a depth of 2 mm on inspection at intervals of 20 mm to 50 mm
over a length of 300 mm or more.
NOTE 1 Given the inspection procedures specified in this part of BS 5911 and the minimum cover specified in 2.5.2 for units not
exposed to particularly aggressive environments, the permissible crack width of 0.25 mm is consistent with the crack control
provisions given in BS 8110-1 and BS 8110-2.
NOTE 2 Other cracks, whether or not they are caused by testing, are not acceptable. Visible crazing within any
cement-rich surface layer is acceptable.
4.2.4 Works load tests for slabs and cover frame seating rings
When sampled and tested in accordance with the appropriate procedure described in Annex E, using the
appropriate test load(s) given in Table 8, a unit shall not show cracks of width greater than 0.15 mm on the
under surface after removal of the test load(s).
4.2.5 Test for depth of cover to reinforcement
When sampled and tested in accordance with Annex F, reinforced units shall have a depth of cover that is
in accordance with 2.5.2.
Units that have been successfully tested shall be made good with material conforming to 2.4.6.1d) before
dispatch.
NOTE When made good in this way, a unit is not precluded from conforming to this standard.
BSI 07-2001 23
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 4
Table 8 Works load tests for slabs and cover frame seating rings
Type of unit Nominal size of Access size Figure reference Test load(s) Loading position
shaft or
chamber
section
DN mm
Shaft cover 900 600 600 See Figure 4f) Not applicable Not applicable
slab (central)
1 050 600 600 See Figure 4e) Two 112 kN loads See Figure E.1b)
(eccentric) applied
1 200 750 600 simultaneously
(eccentric)
Chamber
cover slab
1 050 600 600 See Figure 4e) Two 112 kN loads See Figure E.1b)
(eccentric) applied
1 200 to 1 800 750 600 simultaneously
(eccentric)
1 050 750 750 See Figure 4f) See Figure E.1c)
(central)
1 200 to 1 500 1 200 675

(central)
1 800 and 1 200 675 See Figure 4e) See Figure E.1b)
2 100 (eccentric)
2 100 to 3 000 750 600 Three 112 kN loads
(eccentric) applied
2 400 to 3 000 1 200 675 simultaneously
(eccentric)
Landing slab 1 500 to 3 000 900 diameter See Figure 7 One 35 kN load See Figure E.2
Reducing 1 200 and To suit 900 See Figure 5 One uniformly See Figure E.3
slab 1 350 shaft distributed 112 kN
load
1 500 To suit 900 or One 112 kN load and
1 050 shaft one uniformly
1 800 to 3 000 To suit 900, distributed 112 kN
1 050 or 1 200 load
shaft
Cover frame 600 600 See Figure 6 One 112 kN load See Figure E.4
seating ring
24 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Section 5. Inspection procedures and marking 5
NOTE Table 7 summarizes all test requirements and inspection procedures.
5.1 Inspection procedures

5.1.1 Batch inspection
Inspection procedures for the works proof load crushing test, the works load test and the test for depth of
cover to reinforcement shall be on the basis of batches.
5.1.2 Size of batch
Excluding slabs and cover frame seating rings, any batch of units chosen for inspection that consists of
more than 150 units shall be produced within a 24 h period.
For slabs and cover frame seating rings, a suitable batch production period shall be selected up to a
maximum of 1 month (see 5.1.6).
5.1.3 Inspection procedure for cube crushing test
When carrying out the cube crushing test (see 4.2.1), the inspection procedure for each mix design shall be
as follows.
a) Take samples of freshly made concrete at random intervals from not less than 2 % of the total number
of batches of concrete. Sampling shall be at a rate of not less than one sample/50 m3 of fresh concrete,
and in any case not less than one sample per day.
b) From each sample, make, cure and test a set of cubes in accordance with 4.2.1.
c) If a series of cube tests shows failure to meet the required characteristic strength (see 4.2.1), adjust
the mix design.
5.1.4 Inspection procedure for water absorption test
When carrying out the water absorption test (see 4.2.2), the following inspection procedure shall be used.
a) From each manufacturing process, select one in 500 or two units/week, whichever is the greater, and
take specimens as described in Annex C. Use the same type of specimen for all tests on a given product.
b) Test the specimens for water absorption in accordance with 4.2.2.
c) If the specimens pass the test, accept the units in the batch or batches from which they were taken. If
any specimen fails, repeat a) and b), using a second sample.
d) If the specimens obtained from the second sample of units pass the test, accept the units in the batch
or batches from which they were taken. However, if any of these specimens fail, proceed as follows.
1) Reject the batch or batches. If wished, take specimens from all the remaining units and test them.
Accept only those units that pass the test.
2) Investigate the cause of failure and take any necessary remedial action.
3) Resume production and increase the rate of inspection to one in 250 or four units/week, whichever
is the greater.
4) Resume the rate of inspection given in a) only after all samples taken during a production period
of 5 consecutive weeks have passed the test.
5.1.5 Inspection procedures for works proof load crushing test
5.1.5.1 Type of inspection
5.1.5.1.1 Normal inspection
Normal inspection shall be used when a process has been in operation long enough to be in a state of
control.
5.1.5.1.2 Tightened inspection
Tightened inspection shall be used:
a) when inspecting a new product, a redesigned product or a new production line; or
b) when so directed by the switching rules in 5.1.5.2.
BSI 07-2001 25
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 5
5.1.5.2 Switching rules

5.1.5.2.1 Normal to tightened inspection
Normal inspection shall be switched to tightened inspection if two in five or less consecutive batches have
been rejected.
5.1.5.2.2 Tightened to normal inspection
When using tightened inspection, five consecutive batches shall be accepted before a switch to normal
inspection may be considered.
5.1.5.2.3 Normal to reduced inspection
When using normal inspection, a switch to reduced inspection may be considered only if:
a) the last 10 batches (see Table 9) shall have been subject to normal inspection and shall have all been
accepted; and
b) the total number of defectives in samples taken from the last 10 batches shall be less than or equal to
the number given in Table 9. When double sampling is used, all samples inspected shall be included,
i.e. not the first samples only.
Where the sample consists of less than 30 sections, more batches shall be used, provided that the batches
used are the most recent ones in sequence, that they have all been on normal inspection, and that none has
been rejected.
NOTE A total of less than 30 sections sampled is not sufficient for switching to reduced inspection.
Table 9 Maximum number of individual defectives in last 10 batches permitted for switching
to reduced inspection (works proof load crushing test)
Number of sections sampled from last 10 batches Total number of defectives in last 10 batches on normal
inspection
30 to 79 0
80 to 129 2
130 to 199 4
200 to 319 8
320 to 499 14
500 to 799 25
800 to 1 249 42
NOTE The values in this table are consistent with those in Table VIII of BS 6001-1:1991 for a target acceptable quality level
(AQL) of 6.5 %.
5.1.5.2.4 Reduced to normal inspection

Reduced inspection shall be switched to normal inspection if:
a) a batch is rejected; or
b) a batch is accepted where the acceptance number given in column 4 (single sampling) or 6 (double
sampling) of Table 10 has been exceeded, but the rejection number in column 5 (single sampling) or 7
(double sampling) of Table 10 has not been reached; or
c) production becomes irregular or delayed.
5.1.5.2.5 Tightened inspection to stopping production
When using tightened inspection, production shall be stopped if it is not possible to switch to normal
inspection (see 5.1.5.2.2) after 10 consecutive batches.
The cause of failure shall be investigated and any necessary remedial action shall be taken. Production
shall be resumed using tightened inspection.
26 BSI 07-2001
Section 5 BS 5911-200:1994
Table 10 Inspection plans for works proof load crushing test

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Inspection type Batch size Sample size Accept Reject Accept Reject
(see note 2)
Numbers of defectives
Normal 2 to 25 2 (single) 0 1
26 to 150 5 (double) 0 2 1 2
151 to 280 8 (double) 0 3 3 4
281 to 500 13 (double) 1 4 4 5
501 to 1 200 20 (double) 2 5 6 7
Tightened 2 to 25 3 (single) 0 1
26 to 150 8 (double) 0 2 1 2
151 to 280 8 (double) 0 2 1 2
281 to 500 13 (double) 0 3 3 4
501 to 1 200 20 (double) 1 4 4
Reduced 2 to 25 2 (single) 0 1
26 to 150 2 (double) 0 2 0 2
151 to 280 3 (double) 0 3 0 4
281 to 500 5 (double) 0 4 1 5
501 to 1 200 8 (double) 0 4 3 6
NOTE 1 This table follows tables in BS 6001-1:1991 and is consistent with a target acceptable quality level (AQL) of 6.5 % at
General Inspection Level 1.
NOTE 2 Sample sizes given in this table are not suitable for assessing conformity to the standard on an isolated batch basis
(see 5.1.5.3).
5.1.5.3 Procedure
NOTE The sampling plan in this clause follows BS 6001-1:1991, which is intended primarily to be used for a continuing series of
batches and warns that for isolated batches more stringent sampling plans will be required to give the desired protection (see also
BS 6000). On that basis, therefore, more stringent inspection criteria should be specified where batches are not to be produced as part
of a regular production process.
When carrying out the works proof load crushing test (see 4.2.3), the inspection procedure given in items
a), b), c), d), e) and f) shall be used whenever a regular process is in operation and sections are being
produced on a continuing basis.
a) Determine the appropriate inspection type (see 5.1.5.1).
b) Select the batch size (see 5.1.2).
c) Take a random sample of size as given in column 3 of Table 10 for the appropriate inspection type and
size of batch.
d) Subject the sample to the works proof load crushing test specified in 4.2.3.
e) Assess the acceptability of the batch, as follows.
1) For batches of 25 or less (single sampling), if the number of defectives is nil (see Accept number in
column 4 of Table 10), accept the batch. If the number of defectives is one or more (see Reject number
in column 5 of Table 10), reject the batch.
2) For batches of 26 or more (double sampling), if the number of defectives is equal to or less than the
Accept number in column 4 of Table 10, accept the batch, with the exception of any defectives. If the
number of defectives is equal to or greater than the Reject number in column 5 of Table 10, reject the
batch.
BSI 07-2001 27
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 5
However, if the number of defectives is greater than the Accept number in column 4 but less than the
Reject number in column 5, take a second random sample of the same size as the first one. Then, if
the cumulative number of defectives for both samples is less than the second Reject number
(column 7), accept the batch, with the exception of any defectives [see also 5.1.5.2.4b)] and for reduced
sampling, switch to normal sampling. If the cumulative number of defectives is equal to or greater than
the Reject number in column 7, reject the batch.
f) Record the results.
5.1.6 Inspection procedure for the works load test and test for depth of cover to reinforcement
on cover frame seating rings and slabs
When carrying out the works load test for slabs and cover frame seating rings (see 4.2.4) and the test for
depth of cover to their reinforcement (see 4.2.5), the inspection procedure shall be as follows.
a) When regular production begins, select a sample of three units of a particular specification.
b) Subject each unit to the works load test in accordance with 4.2.4 and the test for depth of cover to
reinforcement in accordance with 4.2.5.
c) If there is no failure, commence routine testing as follows.
1) Select one sample unit at random from the next declared batch production period (see 5.1.2) for the
particular specification and subject it to tests as described in 5.1.6b).
2) If there is no failure, accept the batch and repeat the procedure given in item 1) above.
3) If there is any failure, proceed as follows.
i) If there was any failure in the sample from the batch immediately preceding, for the same
specification, reject the current batch, stop production, investigate the cause of failure and take any
necessary remedial action. If wished, subject the remaining unit(s) in the batch to the tests,
accepting only those that pass both tests, subject to making good as in 4.2.5 before dispatch. Restart
the process and repeat the procedure given in item a) above.

ii) If there was no failure in the sample from the preceding batch as described in item i) above, select
a sample of three more units from the declared batch production period (or of every unit if less than
three remain) and subject each one to tests as described in 5.1.6b).
iii) If there is no failure in any of these units, accept the current batch and repeat the procedure given
in item 1) above.
iv) If there is any failure, reject the current batch as in item 3) i) above.
NOTE The procedures set out in 5.1.6 are shown diagrammatically in Figure 8.
28 BSI 07-2001
Section 5 BS 5911-200:1994
Carry out successful

type tests
Subject each of first

three units produced to
both tests (see 4.2.4 and 4.2.5)
Stop production
No Pass
investigate
both
failure and
tests ?
remedy
Yes
Subject each of
Select one unit after Accept batch and
next three units
declared batch period continue routine
produced to
(10 days to 28 days) tests
test(s) failed
Select three more

Subject the units from
No Pass Yes unit to both declared batch (or
both tests all if less than
tests ? three remaining)
Yes
Pass Subject each unit
both to the test(s)
tests ? failed
No Yes
Pass Yes
Sample
the
from any
tests ?
preceding batch
pass both
tests ? No
Reject any other
No units from declared
batch and if wished
do appropriate test(s)
on each
Figure 8 Inspection procedure for the works load test and test for depth of cover to
reinforcement for slabs and cover frame seating rings
BSI 07-2001 29
BS 5911-200:1994 Section 5
5.1.7 Inspection procedure for test for depth of cover to reinforcement (chamber and shaft
sections and tapers)
When carrying out the test for depth of cover to reinforcement for chamber and shaft sections (see 4.2.5),
and tapers, the following inspection procedure shall be used as appropriate.
a) Select at random:
1) one in 600 tapers of the same dimensions; or
2) one section from each 30 sections selected for the works proof load crushing test (see 5.1.5.3).
b) Subject the unit to the test for depth of cover to reinforcement specified in 4.2.5.
c) If the unit passes the test, continue routine testing.
d) If it fails, record the result, discontinue the manufacturing process, investigate the cause of failure and
take any necessary remedial action.
e) Restart the process and test the first three units made thereafter.
f) If all three units pass the test, resume production and inspection, using the tightened rate of inspection
for the works proof load test (see 5.1.5.1.2).
However, if any unit fails, discontinue the manufacturing process and carry out further investigations
and remedial action.
g) Repeat the procedures given in items e) and f) above until satisfactory results have been obtained.
Where a unit fails the test, reject the batch from which it was selected. If wished test the remaining units
in the batch. Accept only those units that pass the test, subject to making good with material conforming
to 2.4.6.1d) before dispatch.
5.1.8 Records
Records shall be kept of all inspection procedures.

5.2 Marking
Each unit shall be visibly and legibly marked with the following information:
a) the number of this British Standard, i.e. BS 5911-2001);
b) the letter R, if the unit is reinforced;
c) the letter S, or a blue mark, where sulfate-resisting Portland cement has been used;
d) the letter B, where g.g.b.s. has been used;
e) the letter P, where p.f.a. has been used;
f) the letter A, where an admixture has been used;
g) text deleted;
h) the manufacturers mark and works identification mark;
i) where tests, as specified in 4.2.2, 4.2.3 or 4.2.4 have been successfully carried out on the unit:
1) the words Abs, Proof or Works, as appropriate;
2) a reference symbol after the words in item 1) to identify the results of the tests in the manufacturers
quality control records.
1)Marking BS 5911-200 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on
behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is solely the
claimants responsibility. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be
desirable.
30 BSI 07-2001
Section 5 BS 5911-200:1994
NOTE The following is an example of marking.

C X
BS 5911-200 RSA
The above marking on a manhole section would signify the following:
Claimed by manufacturer C to have been made at his works X and to conform to BS 5911-200, to be reinforced, and made with
sulfate-resisting Portland cement; to contain an admixture.
Units shall be marked with either:
a) indelible marker applied as soon as possible after removal from the mould; or
b) impressed characters approximately 2 mm deep.
For all units except slabs and cover frame seating rings, marking shall be on the internal surface of the
unit.
BSI 07-2001 31
BS 5911-200:1994
Annex A (informative)
Information to be supplied in an enquiry and order
The following particulars cover essential details required by the manufacturer so that an enquiry or order
may be fully understood:
a) quantity and nominal sizes of units (see 3.1);
b) type of cover slab required including access size and position (see 3.6.6);
c) the classification of exposure conditions for sulfate attack, if higher than class 2 (see 2.4.1);
d) if samples of aggregates and/or evidence of satisfactory performance of concrete made with such
aggregates are required (see Annex G);
e) if any restriction on admixtures is required (see 2.3.2);
f) if additional concrete cover is required (see foreword);
g) if details of external diameter are required (see note to 3.2);
h) the number and type of tests to be witnessed and if any additional tests are required (see Annex G);
i) if steps are not to be fixed (see 3.6.5);
j) if the products are to be covered by a third party certification scheme (see Annex G);
k) if shaft and chamber sections are not to be produced as part of a continuing series of batches, the
specified inspection procedures for the works proof load crushing test (see 5.1.5.3).
Annex B (normative)
Method of assessment of surface finish
Apply the ball of the gauge (see Figure B.1) to the void and observe whether or not diametrically opposite
points in the rim touch simultaneously the surface of the unit.
Figure B.1 Gauge for assessing surface voids
32 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Annex C (normative)
Method of test for water absorption by concrete
C.1 Apparatus
C.1.1 Ventilated drying oven, conforming to BS 2648.
C.2 Preparation of test specimens
From each unit selected for test, specimens taken shall be either:
a) a specimen of the full thickness of the wall of the unit, taken from each unit, that is either
approximately 100 mm square or a core approximately 75 mm in diameter; or
b) for all units other than shaft and chamber sections, a concrete test cube compacted, cured and stored
in the same way as the concrete in the unit.
C.3 Procedure
Dry the specimen at a temperature of 100 C 5 C for not less than 72 h in a ventilated drying
oven (C.1.1). On removal from the oven, allow to cool to room temperature, weigh (M1) and immediately
submerge in potable water at a temperature of 20 C 2 C.
After 30 min, remove the specimen and immediately wipe with a dry towel for a total period of 30 s to
remove surface water and reweigh (M2).
After weighing, re-immerse the specimen in water for a further 23.5 h. Then remove, dry with a towel and
weigh as before (M3).
C.4 Expression of results
Calculate the absorptions of dry mass W (in %) after 30 min and 24 h from the following equation:
M 2 or M 3 ( M 1 )
W = -------------------------------------------------------- 100
M1
Annex D (normative)
Method of test for works proof load crushing strength for chamber and shaft
sections
D.1 Principle
The purpose of this test is to evaluate whether chamber and shaft sections conform to the requirements
of 4.2.3 for crushing strength.
D.2 Apparatus
D.2.1 Testing machine, having a device to apply the load at a uniform rate of about 30 kN/m per minute,
or in increments of not more than 1.5 kN/m at the same rate.
The testing machine shall be substantial and rigid throughout, so that the distribution of the load is not
affected appreciably by the deformation or yielding of any part and so that, under the maximum load, the
deflection of the section is uniform throughout its length. The bearings shall be attached to the machine so
as to receive and uniformly transmit the maximum loads required in the tests without lost motion,
vibrations or sudden shock. The machine and bearings shall be designed to transmit the load in a vertical
plane through the longitudinal centre lines of the bearings and section. Where the testing machine is so
constructed that, instead of a single load, a number of equal individual loads, equally spaced, are applied
along the bearer, the resultant of all such individual loads shall act at the centre of the overall length of
the section.
NOTE The loaded length of the section used in this test may extend over the socket, at the discretion of the manufacturer.
For horizontal arrangement [see Figure D.1a)]
The bearings shall consist of a lower member, being a rigid beam, on which two bearing strips are
symmetrically disposed parallel to a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the section, and
an upper member, also being a rigid beam, on which one bearing strip is centred and disposed so that it lies
in the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the section.
BSI 07-2001 33
BS 5911-200:1994
The bearing strips shall consist of rubber cut or formed from material having a hardness between 55 IRHD
and 65 IRHD when measured in accordance with BS 903-A26. The top bearing strip shall be of rectangular
cross-section having a width of 150 mm and a thickness of not less than 25 mm and not more than 40 min.
The two bottom bearing strips shall be of equal width and thickness, being 150 mm wide and 25 mm thick.
For vertical arrangement [see Figure D.1b)]
The bearings shall consist of a back member, being a rigid beam, on which two rubber bearing strips are
symmetrically disposed parallel to a plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the section, and a front
member, also being a rigid beam, on which one bearing strip is centred and disposed so that it lies in the
plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the section.
The bearing strips shall consist of rubber cut or formed from material having a hardness between 55 IRHD
and 65 IRHD, when measured in accordance with BS 903-A26. The front bearing strip shall be of
rectangular cross-section having a width of 150 mm and a thickness of not less than 25 mm and not more
than 40 mm. The two back bearing strips shall be of equal width and thickness, 150 mm wide and 25 mm
thick.
NOTE 1 The machine may apply the test load either upwards or downwards on the section under test. For convenience, the
description given here is for top loading.
NOTE 2 A timber packing strip may be interposed between the beam and the rubber bearing strip as shown in Figure D.1.
D.3 Procedure
D.3.1 Using horizontal arrangement
D.3.1.1 Support the section to be tested in a horizontal position on two bearings parallel to its longitudinal
axis. Apply the load to it along the length of the section through a third bearing on top of the section.
D.3.1.2 Use a low carbon steel plate measuring 330 mm 25 mm to face the upper flange of the bottom
beam. Ensure that the facing is straight and free of warping or twisting and is centrally and permanently
located on the flange of the beam. The cross-section of the facing shall be rectangular, 330 mm 25 mm
minimum, without a joint and with the addition of steel wedge strips attached to it as shown in Figure D.1.
D.3.1.3 Use the single top bearing strip with the 150 mm face in contact with the section.
NOTE 1 This strip may be positioned on the bearing by the use of wood or metal strips along its outside edges, provided that the
thickness of each positioning strip does not exceed one-half the thickness of the rubber bearing strip.
Lay the lower bearing strips on the 150 mm face.
NOTE 2 The strips may be positioned on the bearing with wood or metal strips between them and adjacent to their outside edges,
provided that the thickness of each positioning strip does not exceed one-half the thickness of the rubber bearing strips.
Ensure that the two strips are parallel and 25 mm apart for all nominal sizes of section.
NOTE 3 The rubber bearing strips may be attached to the facings or, in the case of the single upper strip, directly to the upper beam
by adhesive, if desired, provided that such method of attachment results in the strip remaining firmly fixed in position when carrying
the specified load.
D.3.2 Using vertical arrangement

D.3.2.1 Rest the section to be tested on a level floor. Apply the load to it along the length of the section
through a third bearing on top of the section.
D.3.2.2 Use a low carbon steel plate to face the inside flange of the back beam. Ensure that the facing is
straight and free of warping or twisting and is centrally and permanently located on the flange of the beam.
The cross-section of the facing shall be rectangular, 330 mm 25 mm minimum, without a joint and with
the addition of steel wedge strips attached to it as shown in Figure D.1.
D.3.2.3 Use the single front bearing strip with the 150 mm face in contact with the section.
NOTE 1 This strip may be positioned on the bearing by the use of wood or metal strips along its outside edges, provided that the
thickness of each positioning strip does not exceed one-half the thickness of the rubber bearing strip.
Lay the back bearing strips on the 150 mm face.
NOTE 2 The strips may be positioned on the bearing with wood or metal strips between them and adjacent to their outside edges,
provided that the thickness of each positioning strip does not exceed one-half the thickness of the rubber bearing strips.
Ensure that the two strips are parallel and 25 mm apart for all nominal sizes of section.
NOTE 3 The rubber bearing strips may be attached to the facings or, in the case of the single front strip, directly to the front beam
by adhesive, if desired, provided that such method of attachment results in the strip remaining firmly fixed in position when carrying
the specified load.
34 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
D.4 Loading procedure

D.4.1 Using horizontal arrangement
D.4.1.1 Apply the load to the top bearing at a point distant from the spigot end of the section equal to
one-half of the overall length of the section including the socket, if any.
D.4.1.2 Apply the test load to the top bearing in such a way that the bearing is free to rotate in a vertical
plane through the longitudinal centre lines of the top and bottom bearings.
D.4.1.3 Ensure that the loading of the section is a continuous operation, and that the section is not under
load longer than is required to apply the load.
D.4.1.4 Inspect the section and measure any cracks in accordance with D.5.
D.4.2 Using vertical arrangement
D.4.2.1 Apply the load to the front bearing at a point distant from the spigot end of the unit equal to
one-half of the overall length of the section.
D.4.2.2 Apply the test load to the front bearing in such a way that the bearing is free to rotate in a
horizontal plane through the longitudinal centre lines of the front and back bearings.
D.4.2.3 Ensure that the loading of the section is a continuous operation, and that the section is not under
load longer than is required to apply the load.
D.4.2.4 Inspect the section and measure any cracks in accordance with D.5.
D.5 Inspection of cracks (reinforced sections)
Inspect any cracks by means of a 0.25 mm feeler gauge conforming to BS 957-2 and having the dimensions
shown in Figure D.2.
BSI 07-2001 35
BS 5911-200:1994
Figure D.1 Crushing test arrangements
36 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
Figure D.1 Crushing test arrangements (concluded)
Figure D.2 Dimensions of feeler gauge for inspecting cracks in reinforced sections
BSI 07-2001 37
BS 5911-200:1994
Annex E (normative)
Method of load test for slabs and cover frame seating rings
E.1 Principle
The purpose of this test is to evaluate whether slabs conform to the requirements of 4.2.4 for structural
strength.
This test applies to all cover, reducing and landing slabs above DN 900, and cover frame seating rings.
E.2 Loading procedure
E.2.1 Cover slabs
E.2.1.1 Uniformly support each cover slab to be tested on a rigid support around the full width of the
bearing surface appropriate to, and with an internal diameter not less than, that of the unit for which the
slabs are supplied. Use a layer of cement/sand mortar conforming to 2.4.6.1b) without the addition of SBR,
to form a uniform bedding, or use rubber 25 mm thick of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD.
E.2.1.2 Apply each load to the upper surface of the cover slab through a rigid plate measuring 375 mm
by 75 mm, faced on the underside with 25 mm thick rubber of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD, in the
position(s) shown in Figure E.1.
E.2.1.3 Apply the appropriate test load(s) given in Table 8 at a rate not exceeding 100 kN/min for each
loading position.
E.2.2 Landing slabs
E.2.2.1 Uniformly support each landing slab to be tested on a rigid support around the full width of the
bearing surface appropriate to, and with an internal diameter not less than, that of the unit for which they
are supplied. Use a layer of cement/sand mortar conforming to 2.4.6.1b) without the addition of SBR, to
form a uniform bedding or use rubber 25 mm thick of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD.

E.2.2.2 Apply each load to the upper surface of the landing slab through a rigid plate measuring 375 mm
by 75 mm, faced on the underside with 25 mm thick rubber of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD, in the
position shown in Figure E.2.
E.2.2.3 Apply the appropriate test load(s) given in Table 8 at a rate not exceeding 30 kN/min.
E.2.3 Reducing slabs
E.2.3.1 Uniformly support each reducing slab to be tested on a rigid support (e.g. a section of shaft) around
the full width of the bearing surface appropriate to, and with an internal diameter not less than, that of
the unit for which they are supplied. Use a layer of cement/sand mortar, conforming to 2.4.6.1b) with the
addition of SBR, to form a uniform bedding or use rubber 25 mm thick of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD.
E.2.3.2 Apply each load to the upper surface of the reducing slab through rigid plates measuring:
a) the appropriate dimensions for the DN 900, 1 050 and 1 200 shaft sections; and
b) 375 mm 75 mm.
The plates shall be faced on the underside with 25 mm thick rubber of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD, as
shown in Figure E.3.
E.2.3.3 Apply the appropriate test load(s) given in Table 8 at a rate not exceeding 100 kN/min for each
loading position.
E.2.4 Cover frame seating rings
E.2.4.1 Uniformly support each cover frame seating ring to be tested on a rigid support (e.g. a cover slab)
having minimum internal dimensions of 750 mm 600 mm. Position the unit so that three edges of the
access are aligned and fully supported to give maximum overhang on the fourth edge as shown in
Figure E.4. Use a layer of cement/sand mortar, conforming to 2.4.6.1b) with the addition of SBR, to form a
uniform bedding or use 25 mm thick rubber of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD.
38 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
E.2.4.2 Apply the load to the upper surface of a rigid bearer with external dimensions 170 mm greater than
the access in the cover frame seating ring. The bearer shall be faced on the underside with 25 mm thick
rubber of hardness 55 IRHD to 65 IRHD.
E.2.4.3 Apply the appropriate test load given in Table 8 at a rate not exceeding 100 kN/min.
E.3 Test procedure
E.3.1 Using the appropriate loading procedure specified in E.2, increase the load(s) from zero up to a level
equal to the test load(s) given in Table 8.
E.3.2 After the removal of the load(s), measure the width of any residual crack in the undersurface of the
unit. Use a feeler gauge conforming to BS 957-2, and being 0.15 mm thick (see Figure D.2) in accordance
with D.5 for chamber and shaft sections.
BSI 07-2001 39
40
BS 5911-200:1994
BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
2 loads of 112 kN each 3 loads of 112 kN each
75
= =
75
375
900
375
75
75
900
Type 1 Type 2
375
375
DN 1050 - 600 x 600 access
DN 1200 to DN 1800 - 750 x 600 access Type 1 Type 2
DN 2100 to DN 3000 - 750 x 600 access

375 75
75
375
75
900
375
900
75
75
375
Type 1 Type 2
Type 1 Type 2
75
DN 1800 to DN 2100 - 1200 x 675 access DN 2400 to DN 3000 - 1200 x 675 access
b) Cover slabs with eccentric access hole

Figure E.1 Arrangement of cover slabs (continued)
BSI 07-2001 41
BS 5911-200:1994
375
75 75
75
75
375
Type 1 Type 2
75
75
Type 1 Type 2
DN 1050 - 750 x 750 access DN 1200 to DN 1500 - 1 200 x 675 access
c) Cover slabs with central access hole

Figure E.1 Arrangement of cover slabs (concluded)
42 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
35 kN
75
900 nom.
375
75
Type 1 Type 2
Figure E.2 Arrangement of landing slabs
BSI 07-2001 43
BS 5911-200:1994
112 kN
112 kN
75
375
900
50
Type 1 Type 2
DN 1500 to DN 3000
for chamber sections 1 500 to 3 000 diameter
112 kN
50
Type 1 Type 2
DN 1200 to DN 1350
for chamber sections 1 200 to 1 350 diameter
NOTE Load distributed over shaded area.
Figure E.3 Arrangement of reducing slabs
44 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
600 nom.
85 5 85 5
= =
112 kN
Type 1 Type 2
+20
750 0
Type 1 Type 2
NOTE Load distributed over shaded area.

All dimensions shown are in millimetres
Figure E.4 Arrangement of cover frame seating ring
BSI 07-2001 45
BS 5911-200:1994
Annex F (normative)
Methods of measuring depth of cover to reinforcement
Either make a channel at least 300 mm long and 25 mm wide to expose the reinforcement on all surfaces
of the unit and measure the depth of cover, or determine the depth of cover by taking cores or cut sections.
NOTE For checking units not forming part of the sample, it is permissible to use an electromagnetic covermeter in accordance with
BS 1881-204 and suitably calibrated for size of reinforcement and curved surfaces, where appropriate.
Annex G (informative)
Recommended facilities for purchasers
The purchaser or his representative, by arrangement with the manufacturer, should at all reasonable
times have free access to the place where the units are manufactured and/or tested, for the purpose of
examining quality control procedures and records and of witnessing the testing and marking of units.
Representative samples of the aggregates should be supplied to the purchaser on request.
When required by the purchaser, evidence of satisfactory performance of the concrete manufactured with
such aggregates should be made available at the time of placing the order.
Where the manufacturer is not covered by a scheme of third party certification, the purchaser should be
permitted to select samples for test, using the appropriate inspection criteria specified in this part of
BS 5911.
NOTE The allocation of the cost of carrying out any additional tests over and above the tests specified in this part of BS 5911 is
generally agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser prior to testing.
46 BSI 07-2001
BS 5911-200:1994
List of references (see clause 2)
Normative references
BSI publications
BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London
BS 12:1991, Specification for Portland cement.

BS 146:1991, Specification for Portland blastfurnace cements.
BS 812, Testing aggregates.
BS 812-105, Methods for determination of particle shape.
BS 812-105.1:1989, Flakiness index.
BS 812-111:1990, Methods for determination of ten per cent fines value (TFV).
BS 812-112:1990, Methods for determination of aggregate impact value (AIV).
BS 882:1992, Specification for aggregates from natural sources for concrete.
BS 903, Physical testing of rubber.
BS 903-A26:1969, Determination of hardness.
BS 957, Specification for feeler gauges.
BS 957-2:1969, Metric units.
BS 970, Specification for wrought steels for mechanical and allied engineering purposes.
BS 970-1:1991, General inspection and testing procedures and specific requirements for carbon, carbon
manganese, alloy and stainless steels.
BS 1247, Manhole steps.
BS 1247-1:1990, Specification for galvanized ferrous or stainless steel manhole steps.
BS 1247-2:1990, Specification for plastics encapsulated manhole steps.
BS 1247-3:1991, Specification for aluminium manhole steps.
BS 1881, Testing concrete.

BS 1881-108:1983, Method for making test cubes from fresh concrete.
BS 1881-111:1983, Method of normal curing of test specimen (20 C method).
BS 1881-116:1983, Method for determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes.
BS 1881-120:1983, Method for determination of the compressive strength of concrete cores.
BS 2648:1955, Performance requirements for electrically-heated laboratory drying ovens.
BS 3892, Pulverized-fuel ash.
BS 3892-1:1993, Specification for pulverized-fuel ash for use with Portland cement.
BS 4027:1991, Specification for sulfate-resisting Portland cement.
BS 4449:1988, Specification for carbon steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete.
BS 4482:1985, Specification for cold reduced steel wire for the reinforcement of concrete.
BS 4483:1985, Specification for steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete.
BS 5075, Concrete admixtures.
BS 5075-1:1982, Specification for accelerating admixtures, retarding admixtures and water reducing
admixtures.
BS 5075-2:1982, Specification for air-entraining admixtures.
BS 5075-3:1985, Specification for superplasticizing admixtures.
BS 5328, Concrete.
BS 5328-4:1990, Specification of the procedures to be used in sampling, testing and assessing compliance of
concrete.
BS 6588:1991, Specification for Portland pulverized-fuel ash cement.
BS 6699:1992, Specification for ground granulated blastfurnace slag for use with Portland cement.
BS 8110, Structural use of concrete.
BS 8110-1:1985, Code of practice for design and construction.
BSI 07-2001 47
BS 5911-200:1994
Informative references
BSI publications
BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London
BS 497, Specification for manhole covers, road gully gratings and frames for drainage purposes.
BS 497-1:1976, Cast iron and cast steel.
BS 1881, Testing concrete.
BS 1881-204:1988, Recommendations on the use of electromagnetic covermeters.
BS 3148:1980, Methods of test for water for making concrete (including notes on the suitability of the
water).
BS 5911, Precast concrete pipes and ancillary concrete products.
BS 5911-100:1988, Specification for unreinforced and reinforced pipes and fittings with flexible joints2).
BS 5911-101:1988, Specification for glass composite concrete (GCC) pipes and fittings with flexible joints2).
BS 6000:1972, Guide to the use of BS 6001, sampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes.
BS 6001, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes.
BS 6001-1:1991, Specification for sampling plans indexed by acceptable quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot
inspection.
BS 8005, Guide to sewerage2).
BS 8005-1:1987, Guide to new sewerage construction.
BS 8110, Structural use of concrete.
BS 8110-2:1985, Code of practice for special circumstances.

BS 8301:1985, Code of practice for building drainage2).
BS EN 752-3:1997 including Amendments Nos.1 and 2, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings
Planning2).
BS EN 1295-1, Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading General
requirements2).
BS EN 1610, Construction and testing of drains and sewers2).
BS EN ISO 9002:1994, Quality systems Model for quality assurance in production, installation and
servicing2).
Other references
[1] GREAT BRITAIN. Confined Spaces Regulations 1997. London: The Stationery Office.
[2] CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY RESEARCH AND INFORMATION ASSOCIATION (CIRIA). Effective
use of epoxy and polyester resins in civil engineering structures, CIRIA Report 69, 1978. Obtainable from
CIRIA, 6 Storeys Gate, London SW1P 3AU.
[3] CEMENT AND CONCRETE ASSOCIATION. The repair of concrete structures, 1985. Obtainable from
BCA, Century House, Telford Avenue, Crowthorne, Berks.
2) Referred to in the foreword only
48 BSI 07-2001
blank
BS 5911-200:
1994
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BRITISH STANDARD BS 5911-200:

Precast concrete pipes

ICS 23.040.50; 91.140.80; 93.030

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

Committees responsible for this

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical

Association of Consulting Engineers

This British Standard, having

11031 January 2001

ISBN 0 580 22545 3

4.2 Test requirements 21

BSI 07-2001 iii

Product certification/inspection/testing. Users of this British Standard are

a manhole or soakaway component

Figure 1 Effective length of shaft, chamber and taper sections

Type of cement Standard

Cementitious component other than Standard % (m/m) of total cementitious content

2.2.2 Mechanical properties

2.3 Other concrete materials

2.4.2 Chloride content

2.4.5 Surface finish

2.4.6 Making good

2.4.6.3 Joint surfaces

Type of reinforcement Standard

Section 3. Dimensions and tolerances 3

3.1 Nominal size (DN)

3.3 Variation in the thickness of wall

900 920 880 6 6

Figure 2 Typical joint designs

3.6.6.2 Cover slabs for shafts

3.6.7 Reducing slabs

3.6.8 Cover frame seating rings

3.6.9 Landing slabs

Chamber cover Cover frame Cover frame

Step Shaft cover

a) Typical shallow manhole

Nominal release angle

Figure 3 Typical manhole arrangements

Eccentric cover frame

Cover slab type 2

d) Using double steps with eccentric cover frame seating ring

Figure 3 Typical manhole arrangements (concluded)

Table 3 Dimensions of chamber and shaft sections and tapers

NOTE 1 Dimensions A, B, B1, C, C1, D, K and L are shown in Figure 3.

Table 4 Dimensions of chamber and shaft cover slabs

Table 5 Dimensions of reducing slabs

Table 6 Dimensions of landing slabs

a) Shaft cover slabs cross-sections

F Nominal release angle

b) Chamber cover slab cross-sections

c) Detail of access hole

All dimensions shown are in millimetres

Figure 4 Typical cover slabs

e) Location of eccentric access hole with double step

Type 1 Type 2 Type 1 Type 2

f) Details of central access holes

Figure 4 Typical cover slabs (concluded)

Type 1 Type 2 Type 1 Type 2

Figure 5 Typical reducing slabs

External corners square, External corners square,

a) Type 1: Eccentric opening b) Type 2: Central opening

All dimensions shown are in millimetres.

Figure 6 Typical cover frame seating rings

All dimensions shown are in millimetres.