bushings

PNO
Condenser Bushings
52-245 kV

OIL-TO-AIR - Oil-impregnated Paper

IEC STANDARDS 60137
AN ALSTOM COMPANY

PNO bushings are capacitance graded bushings with an oil-impregnated paper core.
They meet IEC 60137 Standards: insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V.
They are designed for use in power transformers and can be installed up to a maximum
of 45 inclination off the vertical.
Design, components and manufacturing
technology promote an average lifetime in
excess of 30 years under normal operating
conditions.

The bushing is designated as follows:

PNO.145.650.800.X.Y
PNO IEC type Condenser Bushings,
Oil-Impregnated Paper (OIP)
oil-to-air application
145 Insulation class in kV
650 BIL in kV
800 Rated current in A
X Cantilever load:
N = Normal
H=H  eavy
Y Oil side shield: Voltage and current ratings
N = Normal
L=R  emovable upwards Rated voltage range for PNO bushings, normal
(for 245 kV only) cantilever load, is 52 to 170 kV. Heavy canti-
lever load is 52 to 245 kV. PNO bushings, for
Customer Benefits a rated voltage, are designed in order to have
Bushings with longer the same overall dimensions for all the normal
lifetime and higher reliability service currents. There are three connection
Utilization under extreme alternatives for the conductor:

weather condition (lower  raw lead connection for 800 and 1250 A
D
 raw rod connection for 1250 A
D
pour-point value)
No oxidation phenomena  ottom connection, using a rigid conductor,
B
for 1600 A
typical with mineral oil
Using suitable accessories, any draw rod
No performance reduction
1250 A bushing can be converted to draw lead
with age
bushings, only for minimum under flange sleeve
length, and vice versa. Minimum 1250 A draw
lead conductor sections are listed in fig. 11.

GRID

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 Condenser Bushings PNO

Main Features
PNO: IEC Standards Condenser Bushings
 ange 52 to 245 kV
R Fig. 1: Bushings 245 kV
Heavy Cantilever load
 urrent up to 1600 A
C 1

O
 il-Impregnated Paper
A
 ir side: porcelain insulator or composite insulator 2
O
 il side: epoxy resin insulator
Fig. 2: Bushings 52 to 170 kV
 artial discharge: max. 5 pC at 1.5 Un
P Normal Cantilever load
S
 ynthetic impregnating oil DDB
Dodecylbenzene fully miscible with transformer oil 1
3
P
 rovided with power factor tap
(voltage tap upon request)
2
 raw lead for 800-1250 A - draw rod for 1250 A
D 4
bottom connection for 1600 A applications
H
 ead made of special UHV filter prismatic glass
with oil level indication visible at any angle of sight 5 3
F
 lange made of cast aluminum alloy.
Standard angle of installation max of 45 off vertical

7
6

7
1.  V Terminal
H
2. UHV filter glass
3. Porcelain
4. OIP Condenser
8 8
5. Winding tube
6. Power factor tap or voltage tap
7. Flange
8. Epoxy resin insulator 9
9. Oil side shield 9

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 Condenser Bushings PNO

Manufacturing Air side

The main electrical component is the condenser body, manufactured
using a continuous sheet of pure kraft paper, wound around a central
conductor tube or rod. During the winding process, the paper is
dried by heated cylinders in order to reduce its water content to 1%
maximum. A series of aluminum foils are coaxially inserted between
the layers of the paper, to achieve the best possible distribution of
the radial and longitudinal electrical gradients between the central
tube and the flange, which is grounded. The winding is made by
computer-controlled machines, with subsequent machining to achieve
the final shape. After winding, each bushing is individually assembled
and placed into an oven and then processed under vacuum for the
appropriate period of time. Each one is then impregnated with
synthetic oil, which has been degassed and processed so that it has
a maximum water content of 3 ppm. Each bushing is placed under
pressure to insure thorough impregnation and to test that it is properly
The air side insulator is made of brown porcelain. Grey porcelain or
composite insulator (resin fiberglass envelope covered by silicone sheds)
is available upon request. The typical creepage distance is suitable for
very heavy polluted atmospheres. The shed configuration is an alternating
type: short-long shed. This is the most effective solution, proven by
salt spray tests. The shed profile complies with IEC 60815 - 1986
recommendations. A one-piece porcelain or multiple pieces porcelain,
in order to meet Standards or special requirements, are used for bushings.
Multiple pieces are glued using epoxy resin, without use the of gaskets,
and the final porcelain is considered as a single piece (it passes
IEC 60233 - 1974, clause 6 tests).
Flange
The flange is made of cast aluminum, and is equipped with the
following accessories:

Lifting holes
sealed. After impregnation, the bushing head is filled with a nitrogen

Power factor tap, tested at 2 kV for 60 s (fig. 3),

cushion. This process is automatic and computer controlled.

and/ or voltage tap, upon request (fig. 4)

Buchholz relay connection: 1/2 gas outlet plug
Top terminal
The standard bushing top terminal is made of aluminum without
any surface treatment. Upon request, it can be supplied in tinned or
Oil sampling plug (for 145 kV bushings).
silvered copper. Draw lead or draw rod type bushings (800 and
1250 A) have a removable top terminal. This terminal is connected to 6
7 4 6 5
the copper inner terminal lug or the draw rod by means of multiblade
contacts and is secured to the bushing head by screws. In bottom 7 4 5 8

connected bushings (1600 A), the inner non-removable rod also acts as
top terminal.

Head and oil level indication

The metal components of the head are made of a cast aluminum
alloy. Bushings have an oil head reservoir, prismatic in shape, made of
borosilicate glass, and containing a UHV filter, which allows for an easy 3 2 1 3 2 4 1

check of the oil level even from a distance and at any angle of sight.

Fig. 3: Power Factor Tap Fig. 4: Voltage Tap

1.  losing and grounding cap

C 1. C  losing and grounding cap
2. Measurement electrode 2. M  easurement electrode
3. Insulation tap 3. I nsulation tap
4. Gasket 4. G asket
5. Tap flange 5. F illing plug
6. Bushing flange 6. B ushing flange
7. Last layer 7. C onnection to internal layer
8. T ap external housing

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 Condenser Bushings PNO

Oil side Fig. 6: DDB dodecylbenzene synthetic oil

The oil side envelope is made of a molded epoxy resin. This resin is
Saturated lateral chain
a two-part compound consisting of a resin base and a hardener; the
filler material is quartz sand. The epoxy resin envelope permits shapes,
thickness and dimensional tolerances not possible with porcelain.
Under flange sleeve length for CT accommodation, different from ---(CH2)9-13---(CH3)
standard, is available upon request. In this case, the grounded part is
obtained by means of a metallic tube or directly by the last metallic Benzenic ring

layer inside the condenser body.

Oil side shield Insulating fluid

The bottom end of the bushing is shielded by a proper deflector, made We have over 20 years of field-proven experience with oil-impregnated
of aluminum alloy. It is designed to reduce the electric field stress paper bushings using synthetic oil dodecylbenzene (DDB). DDB oil is a
in oil and to screen the connection between the lead coming from mixture of monoalkylbenzols: a benzenic ring with lateral saturated chain
the transformer winding and the bushing itself. Bushings up to and (fig. 6). This oil has superior dielectric and insulating characteristics than
including 170 kV have a deflector integrated in the epoxy resin tail. mineral oil:
245 kV 1600 A bushings have an aluminum shield that can be moved
Superior and constant dielectric qualities (non aging)
upwards. The same shield is available, upon request, for 800 and
High gas absorption under electrical field stress and high temperature
1250 A bushings.
Negligible toxicity
Excellent biodegradability
Assembling
Full miscibility with transformer mineral oil
The mechanical coupling among all the parts of the bushing is made A very low pour point and higher flash point
by means of springs placed into the head of the bushings. 245 kV
bushing are always assembled using (air side) porcelain cemented to
No PCB content
flange (fig. 5) as well as the ones for heavy cantilever (H) loads. The
cement used is quick setting monocalcicaluminized type. All cemented
surfaces, potentially in contact with the external environment, are
silicone sealed (fig. 5).

1
5

Fig. 5: Cemented porcelain 2

1.  orcelain
P 3
2.  ement
C
3.  etal cemented ring
M 4
4.  lange
F
5.  ilicone sealing
S 5

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 Condenser Bushings PNO

Gaskets
Made of Viton, a fluorocarbon rubber elastomer (FPM), o-ring
type. They are compatible with all the fluids they are in contact with
(bushing impregnating synthetic oil and transformer mineral oil). Air
side gaskets are carefully protected, by means of a sealing, against
influence of polluting weather elements. For special requirements, such
as low ambient temperatures (down to -55C), special o-rings are
used.

Arcing horns
Adjustable arcing horns are available upon request. The upper arcing
horn is fixed by means of one screw used to secure the top terminal,
while the bottom one is fixed on a proper threaded flange hole (fig. 7).

Transformer oil
Synthetic oil DDB used in bushings is completely miscible with Fig. 7: Discharge distance for a bushing
transformer mineral oil. This oil must have a water content less than equipped with arcing horns

15 ppm for voltage up to 145 kV and less than 10 ppm for 170 kV and
above rated voltage. Its dielectric strength must be higher than 60 kV,
according to IEC 60156.

Tests
All bushings have electrical characteristics and are tested in compliance
with the latest edition of IEC 60137 Standards: insulated bushing for
alternating voltages above 1000 V and Main National Standards.
H 10

Type tests

Measurement of dielectric dissipation factor (tan ),

d
capacitance and partial discharge quantity before and
after the series of type tests
Wet power-frequency voltage withstand test
Temperature rise test
Verification of thermal short-time current withstand
Cantilever load withstand test
Tightness test
Verification of dimensions

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 Condenser Bushings PNO

PNO
Range 52 to 245 kV

K min. (CT pocket)

Flexible draw lead
impulse withstand

creepage distance

C: Arcing distance
(for Normal/eavy

(for Normal/eavy
BIL (Dry lightning

Rated continuous

distance) +/-10%
power frequency

voltage (for 60s)

Nominal System

cantilever load)

cantilever load)
Rigid draw rod

cantilever load

cantilever load

Max operating
Rated line-to-
earth voltage

H (discharge
Dry and wet

connection

connection

connection
withstand

Minimum
Head Size

altitude
Normal
Voltage

Bottom

Weight
voltage

current

Heavy
Dimensions
Type kV kV kV A kV mm mm mm N N kg m mm
800 800 X 1000 25
52.250. 1250 52 30 250 1250 95 X* X 50 1722/1662 610/550 1600 32 4000 320
1250
1600 1600 X 40
800 800 X 1000 29
72.5.325. 1250 72.5 42 325 1250 140 X* X 0 2359/2299 760/700 2000 38 3000 450
1250
1600 1600 X 48
800 800 X 1000 43
100.450. 1250 100 58 450 1250 185 X* X 50 3100/3040 985/925 2000 52 2000 600
1250
1600 1600 X 80
800 800 X 1250 84
123.550. 1250 123 71 550 1250 230 X* X 0 3886/3806 1155/1075 3150 95 3000 750
1600
1600 1600 X 106
800 800 X 1250 105
145.650. 1250 145 84 650 1250 275 X* X 100 4539/4459 1405/1325 3150 120 2000 900
1600
1600 1600 X 150
800 800 X 1250 120
170.750. 1250 170 98 750 1250 325 X* X 0 5333/5253 1595/1515 4000 130 2000 1000
1600
1600 1600 X 162
800 800 X - 230
245.1050. 1250 245 142 1050 1250 460 X X 0 --/8224 --/2310 - 4000 265 1000 1450
1600 1600 X - 248
(*) possible only for K minimum - Note: for ratings not listed, consult us.
Head
Size

Dimensions D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 R7 D10 D11 D13 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L8 L9 t1 n. F

Type kV kV kV A kV mm mm mm N N kg m mm
800 - -
30 35 860 80 705 14
52.250. 1250 100 185 225 170 100 100 60 95 32 695 240 25 -100 6 16
1600 40 - - 915 125 - - -
800 - -
30 35 1010 80 855
72.5.325. 1250 100 185 225 170 100 125 60 95 32 845 240 25 -100 14 6 16
1600 40 - - 1065 125 - -
800 - -
30 35 1245 80 1090
100.450. 1250 115 250 290 170 115 175 70 130 32 1080 325 50 -100 16 8 16
1600 40 - - 1300 125 - -
800 - -
30 35 1410 80 1255
123.550. 1250 115 250 290 230 115 200 70 130 32 1240 325 50 -100 16 8 16
1600 40 - - 1465 125 -
800 - -
30 35 1660 80 1505
145.650. 1250 145 290 335 230 145 225 70 130 32 1490 475 50 100 19 12 16
1600 40 - - 1715 125 - -
800 - -
30 35 1850 80 1695
170.750. 1250 145 290 335 230 145 225 70 130 32 1680 475 50 100 19 12 16
1600 40 - - 1905 125 - -
800 - -
30 50 110 200 2745 80 2550 80
245.1050. 1250 175 400 450 270 195 325 40 2525 620 130 22 12 23
1600 40 - 175 250 - 2850 125 - 180 -

1. HV terminal M12 1. HV terminal M12

2. Copperlug 1. Top closing cap

6. Multi blades 6. Multi blades
3. Pin 3. Pin
2. Draw rod
4. Belleville washers

2. Belleville washers
4. Belleville washers
3. Solid rod
5. Winding tube 5. Winding tube

Fig. 8: 52-170 kV bushing head: Fig. 9: 52-170 kV bushing head: Fig. 10: 52-170 kV bushing head:
draw lead connection drawarod connection bottom connection
66
 200
100
0
Condenser Bushings PNO
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
I (A)

rated voltage < 170 kV

800
700 k=500
k=0 rated voltage 170 kV
600 900

Section (mm2)
k=500
500 800 k=0
400 700
300 600

Section (mm2)
200 500
400
100
300
0
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 200
I (A) 100
0
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
I (A)

rated voltage < 170 kV rated voltage 170 kV rated voltage 245 kV
800 900 1000
k=500 900 k=500
700 k=500 800 k=0 k=0
k=0 800
600 700
700
Section (mm2)

600

Section (mm2)
Section (mm2)
500 600
500
400 500
400 400
300
300 300
200 200 200
D5
100 100 100D4

L4
0 0 0
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
I (A) I (A) I (A)

D5
Fig. 11: Draw lead conductor sections
D4
L4

rated voltage 245 kV

1000
900 k=500
k=0
rated voltage 170 kV 800
900 700
Section (mm2)

k=500
800 k=0 600
700 M12 500 M12
600 1. HV terminal 1. HV terminal
400
Section (mm2)

500 2. 300
Copperlug 6. Multi blades 6. Multi blades
400 200
3. Pin L2 1 - Top closing plate

L3

L6
100

C
300 3. Pin 2. Draw rod
0
200 4. Belleville washers 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
100 I (A)
0
L6
L2

L3

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
C

I (A)

2 - Springs
4. Belleville washers

rated voltage 245 kV

10005. Winding tube 5. Winding tube 3 - Solid rod
900 k=500
k=0
800
700
Section (mm2)

600
Fig. 500: 12 245
kV bushing head: draw lead connection Fig. 13: 245 kV bushing head: draw rod connection Fig. 14: 245 kV bushing head: bottom connection
t1

400
t1

D5
D7
K

300
200 D4
D1
L4

D7
K

100
0 D1 45
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
I (A) D6 5
L5

D5 4 D6
L5

D4 R7 R7
L4

L8

L8

D10
D11 1. Air drainingD10
plug
2. Lifting holesD11
3. Power factor tap
L2

L3

L6
C

1 1

2 2
D2
L6
L2

L3

D3
C

D2
D3

3 3
t1

D7 +
K
t1

D1
D7 n holes F
45
K

D1
D6
L5

D6 45
L5

R7
R7
5

t1
L8

L8

D10 D10
D11 D11 F+8

Fig. 15: PNO Bushings 52 through 170 kV Fig. 16: PNO Bushings 245 kV Fig. 17: Flange fixing holes
1

7
1

2
D2
D3

2
2
3
 Condenser Bushings PNO

technical and other data contained in this document are provided for information only. Neither Alstom, its officers nor employees accept responsibility for or should be taken as making any representation or warranty (whether express or implied) as to the accuracy
or completeness of such data or the achievements of any projected performance criteria where these are indicated. No liability is accepted for any reliance placed upon the information contained in this brochure. Alstom reserves the right to revise or change these
Grid-Products-L3-PNO_light-71961-2011_02_EN - Alstom, the Alstom logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of Alstom. The other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies. The

data at any time without further notice. Printed on paper made with pure ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) ecological cellulose produced from trees grown in production forests under responsible management, and selected recycled three-layer fibres.
Routine tests
Dielectric dissipation factor (tan ), capacitance and partial
d

K
discharge quantity measurement

K
Dry lightning impulse voltage withstand test (BIL)

L9
Dry power-frequency voltage withstand test
D13

L5
Measurement of partial discharge quantity D13

L5
Test of tap insulation

30

L8
Tightness test

120
Tightness test at the flange L8
Visual inspection and dimensional check
30 40

Fig. 18: 5
 2-170 kV bushing tail: Fig. 19: 5
 2-170 kV bushing tail:
draw rod connection bottom connection
Packing - transportation
After tests and before packing, the bushing is cleaned of any oil or dust.
Thanks to a special device to prevent the diffusion of the nitrogen cushion
out of the head and into the lower end of the bushings, each bushing L9

can be packed and shipped secured in horizontal position. This insures

minimal crate dimensions and reduced transportation costs.
D13
Proper protection is used for oil side shields. Bushings up to and inducing D13

170 kV are normally shipped in crates containing three pieces.

Nameplate
30

Each bushing is provided with a nameplate, containing complete

120
electrical data and its serial number, in accordance with the requirements
30
38 40
of IEC Standards. The stainless steel nameplate is secured to the flange
Fig. 20: 245 kV bushing tail: Fig. 21: 2
 45 kV bushing tail:
with rivets and includes the following information (fig. 22): draw rod connection bottom connection

Fig. 22: Identification Nameplate Fig. 23: Test Nameplate (from 123 kV above)

MILAN 1. B ushing type

I TA LY 2. I nsulating voltage
8 SERIAL NR.
PASSANTE-BUSHING-TRAVERSEE-DURCHFUHRUNG 3.  ated current
R MILAN - I TA LY
1 4.  ax. mouting angle off
M STANDARD REF.
N 7 of the vertical
kV A 5.  eight
W CAP. C1 pF CAP. C2 pF
2
50-60Hz Kg 3 6.  lank (available)
B DISSIPATION FACTOR AT 10 kV - 20 C %
7.  erial number
S
8.  onth - year of final tests
M
4 5 6

Following the acquisition of PASSONI & VILLA, Alstom Grid now offers a large portfolio of condenser bushings for AC or
DC operation. If you require any further information, please address your queries to

AN ALSTOM COMPANY rpv@alstom.com

To contact the manufacturer

Alstom Grid Worldwide Contact Centre Viale Suzzani, 229 20162 MILANO (Italy)
www.grid.alstom.com/contactcentre Tel.: +39 02 661 221
Tel.: +44 (0) 1785 250 070 Fax: +39 02 647 09 06
www.grid.alstom.com Email: rpv@alstom.com
GRID

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