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Abusir was the origin of the largest find of Old Kingdom papyri to date the
Abusir Papyri. In the late nineteenth century, a number of Western museums acquired
collections of fragmentary papyri from the administrative (temple) records of one
Abusir funerary cult, that of king Neferirkare Kakai. This discovery was
supplemented in the late twentieth century when excavations by a Czech expedition
to the site revealed papyri from two other cult complexes, that of the pharaoh
Neferefre (also read Raneferef) and for the king's mother Khentkaus II.
There are considerable catacombs near the ancient town of Busiris (Pliny xxxvi. 12.
s. 16). To the south of Busiris one great cemetery appears to have stretched over
the plain. The Heptanomite Busiris was in fact a hamlet standing at one extremity
of the necropolis of Memphis.
Contents [hide]
1 Necropolis
1.1 Major pyramids
1.2 Smaller pyramids
1.3 Mastabas of courtiers
1.4 Abusir-south
1.5 Saite-Persian cemetery
2 Site looting during 2011 protests
3 Climate
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Necropolis[edit]
Abusir necropolis
Abusir, pyramids
There are a total of 14 pyramids at this site, which served as the main royal
necropolis during the Fifth dynasty. The quality of construction of the Abusir
pyramids is inferior to those of the Fourth Dynasty; perhaps signalling a decrease
in royal power or a less vibrant economy. They are smaller than their predecessors,
and are built of low quality local stone. All of the major pyramids at Abusir were
built as step pyramids, although the largest of them the Pyramid of Neferirkare
is believed to have originally been built as a step pyramid some seventy metres in
height and then later transformed into a true pyramid by having its steps filled in
with loose masonry.
Major pyramids[edit]
The three major pyramids are