Steels

P20
Category Steel
Class Tool steel
Type General mold steel
Designations Germany: DIN 1.2330
United States: ASTM A681 , UNS T51620

Composition

Element Weight %
C 0.28-0.40
Mn 0.60-1.00
Si 0.20-0.80
Cr 1.40-2.00
Mo 0.30-0.55
Cu 0.25
P 0.03
S 0.03
Mechanical Properties

Conditions
Properties
T (°C) Treatment
Density (×1000 kg/m3) 7.85 25
Poisson's Ratio 0.27-0.30 25
Elastic Modulus (GPa) 190-210 25
Thermal Properties

Conditions
Properties
T (°C) Treatment
Thermal Expansion (10-6/ºC) 12.8 20-425 more

1.2083
 Steels
1.2083 is a chromium alloyed stainless plastic mould steel, which is characterised by good polishability, good hardenability
giving high hardness, with fair corrosion resistance.
TYPICAL ANALYSIS
C. Si. Mn. Cr.
0.38% 0.75% 0.50% 13.50%
Forging:
Heat slowly and uniformly to 1000°C. After forging cool slowly.

Annealing:
Heat slowly to 780°C. Slowly cool in furnace.

Hardening:
Pre heat to 600-700°C until heated through. (Austenitizing temperature 1025°C.) Continue heating to the
final hardening temperature of 980-1050°C and allow the component to be heated through. Protect
against decarburisation by using neutral salt bath, controlled atmosphere furnace or vacuum. Air cool or
quench in oil.

Tempering:
Heat uniformly and thoroughly at the selected tempering temperatures and hold at heat for one hour per
inch of total thickness. Double tempering is recommended.

Tempering °C 100 200 300 400 500 600

HRc 56 54 52 54 53 34

Nitriding:

Nitriding of 1.2083 gives it a hard surface which is very resistant to wear and corrosion. However , the nitrided
surface reduces the corrosion resistance. Surface hardness after nitriding at 525°C in ammonia gas will be
approximately 1000HV.
Temperature Time Approximate Depth of Case
525°C 20 hours 0.20mm
525°C 30 hours 0.30mm
525°C 60 hours 0.40mm

Welding:
Due to the high risk of crack formation welding of 1.2083 stainless steel should be avoided, if possible.
When, however welding is essential, the following serves as a guide:

A. Welding of soft annealed 1.2083 stainless steel.

•Preheat to 300 - 500°C
•Weld at 300-500°C
•Immediately stress relieve

B. Repair welding of 1.2083 stainless steel in hardened and tempered condition.

•Preheat to the tempering temperature (min. 200°C) previously used.
•Start welding at tempering temperature
•Re heat immediately to tempering temperature, but max. 300°C.Soaking time 3 hours.
•Cool in air to approximately 80°C.
 Steels
Re heat immediately to tempering temperature, but max. 300°C.Soaking time 3 hours.
Electrode: Hard facing electrode.

Physical Properties: Temperature

(50 HRc) 20°C 200°C 400°C
Density
kg/m³ 7.8 7.75 7.70
Coefficient of thermal expansion
per °C - 11.0 x 10-6 11.4 x 10-6
from 20°
Thermal conductivity
cal/cm.s °C 54.9 x 10-3 57.3 x 10-3 59.7 x 10-3
Modulus of elasticity
Kp/mm² 21 900 21 400 19 400
N/mm² 215 000 210 000 190 000
Specific Heat
cal/g °C 0.110
Tensile Strength
kp/mm² 180 168 158
N/mm² 1 780 1 650 1 550
Yield Point
kp/mm² 150 139 129
N/mm² 1 460 1 360 1 250
Reduction of Area
% 30 40 40
Elongation
% 10 12 12