Construction Sites

(Safety) Regulations

Common hazards on
construction sites
Common injuries
Fall of person from height What needs
Struck by falling object to be done?
Injured by hand tool
Slip, trip or fall on same level
Injured whilst lifting or carrying
Contact with moving machinery
or object being machined
Striking against or struck by
moving object
Trapped in or between objects
Common diseases
Silicosis
Occupational Deafness
Purpose of CSSR
Aims for promotion of health, safety & welfare of
workers on construction site

Part IX - Health and Welfare

R.61 Provision of first aid box
or cupboard To deal with
minor
injuries
First aid box required if 5 or
more workers employed
A separate first aid box for
every 50 workmen
Part IX - Health and Welfare
R.62 Persons in Charge of First Aid
Facilities

By a team of at least 2 members, at least 1 is

always available

Part IX - Health and Welfare

R.63 persons trained in first aid
at least 1 person trained in First-Aid (30-99
workmen)
At least 2 persons trained in first aid for
more than 100 workmen

"person trained in first aid" means a person who-

(a) holds a current certificate of competency in first aid issued by the
St. John Ambulance Association (or equivalent);
(b) is a registered nurse within the meaning of the Nurses
Registration Ordinance (Cap 164);
Part IX - Health and Welfare
R.64 Provision of stretchers
If 50 or more workers are
employed
R.66 Shelter and facilities for
meals
(1)(a) a room or covered area
where workmen can take shelter
during inclement weather to be
provided.
(1)(b) a supply of wholesome
drinking water (from the mains) to
be provided.

Part VII miscellaneous safety

requirements
R.42 Prevention of
Inhalation of Dust and
Fumes
if injurious dust or
fumes are given off,
there shall be
adequate ventilation or
suitable respirators

Silica is the main source

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of injurious dust
Part VII miscellaneous safety
requirements
R. 43 Protection of
eyes
(a) goggles or
screens to be
provided for the
protection of
workmen against
eyes injury
(b) workmen to use
goggles or screens

Part VII miscellaneous safety

requirements
R.44 Fencing of Machinery
(1) Fly wheel and moving part of To deal with
prime mover;
machine
Transmission machinery; and
safety
Dangerous partto be
securely fenced
(2) fencing is kept in position
while the parts are in motion or in
use, except where the parts are
necessarily exposed for
examinations or any lubrication or
adjustment shown by the
examination to be immediately
necessary
 Part VII miscellaneous safety
requirements
R.45 Trained and Competent Workman to
Operate Mechanical Equipment
(1) trained and competent workmen To deal with
to operate mechanical equipment, struck by
unless supervised moving
(2) over 18 years of age to operate the objects
equipment including giving signals
(3) equipment includes any bulldozer,
compactor, excavator, loader, lorry,
scraper, truck Truck
Excavator

Lorry

Forklift

Bulldozer Loader compactor Dumper

Part VII miscellaneous safety

requirements
R.48 Safety Helmets
Contractor to ensure:
(1)(a) safety helmet is provided To deal with
(1)(b) workmen remaining on falling
objects
site to wear safety helmet
(2) No person to enter a
construction site unless wearing
a suitable safety helmet.
 Part VII miscellaneous safety
requirements
R.49 Protection from
Falling Object To deal with
falling
Materials not
objects
thrown, tipped or hitting
shot down from workmen
height
lower materials
by lifting
appliance or
lifting gears /
Chute

Part VII miscellaneous safety

requirements
R.50 Lighting
adequate and suitable lighting to secure workmans safety

R.51 Projecting nails

R.52 Materials kept on construction sites

Passageway kept clear of loose materials not for immediate use
Materials are securely stacked, not to cause overloading the floor or
structure

R.53 Power to prohibit smoking

Use of flammable liquid
Part VII miscellaneous safety
requirements
R.54 Maintenance of Fire Escapes and Fire
Fighting Equipment
Properly maintained and free from obstruction

R.55 Sanitary conveniences, etc.

Provide sufficient and suitable latrine and
washing conveniences
Afford proper separate accommodation for
persons of each sex

Part II Use of Hoist etc

A hoist mean a
lifting machine, with a
carriage - either platform
or cage
the movement is restricted
by guides

In Hong Kong, there are

two types of hoists for
conveying materials
upstairs
material hoist
skip hoist.

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Hoist - regulations
R.35 Test and Examination of Hoists
In the preceding 6 months using
Forms 2, 3 by competent
examiner
R.5(2)Inspection
Hoist to be inspected at least once
in each week in which it is used by
driver / competent person
using report Form 1
R.34 Safe Working Load (SWL)
Marking on Hoists
Competent Examiner
R.2(1)
registered professional engineer, and
by reason of his qualifications, training
and experience, competent to carry
out the test and examination.
Competent Person
R.2(1)
by reason of substantial training and
practical experience, competent to
perform the duty.

R.36 A hoist shall not be used for

Carrying Persons at any time

Bad Practice Good Practice

Interlocking device Keep secure gates

not function. closed
Secure gates kept
open.
 Inspection, Test and Examination of Hoist

Regulation Inspection Thorough Testing & Thorough Approved

No. Examination Examination Form No.
Cap. 69I, Within the preceding 7 1
Reg 5(2) days before use by
Competent Person
Cap. 69I, After manufacture, substantial 2
Reg 35 alteration, substantial repair, by
Competent Examiner
Cap. 69I, During the preceding 3
Reg 35 6 months before use,
by Competent
Examiner

A trained An experienced Registered Professional

experienced Engineer in mechanical/marine/structural
person engineering

Reference
Cap. 59I, Construction Sites (Safety) Regulations

Part VA: scaffolds, working platforms and

ladders, etc
Main Contractor
R.38A duty of contractor to ensure safety of
Safety of working places of work (2003)
at height (1)(a) identify hazardous conditions of working at
height
(1)(b) rectify any hazardous conditions
(1)(c) safe guard any person working at height
(2) safe access and egress
(3) ensure no person (including trespassers) gains
access to any unsafe place on site

R.38AA duty of other contractor to ensure safety

of places of work
Amended 2003
Duties similar to that of R38A

Includes any contractor who has direct control over any

construction work
Part VA: scaffolds, working
platforms and ladders, etc
R.38B Prevention of falls
take adequate steps to prevent any person on To deal with
the site from falling from a height of 2 metres or falling from
more. height

"adequate steps" () shall include the

provision, use and maintenance of one or more of
the following-
(a) working platforms;
(b) guard-rails, barriers, toe-boards and
fences;
(c) coverings for openings;
(d) gangways and runs.

Part VA: scaffolds, working

platforms and ladders, etc
R.38E Trained workmen to erect scaffold
To ensure
under supervision safety of
scaffold

R.38F Inspection of scaffolds

By competent person at regular intervals not
exceeding 14 days immediately preceding each
use
Not applicable to scaffold if no part of which a
person is liable to fall from a height of 2m or
more
 Good Working Platforms, Gangways, Runs
Top guard-rail

Intermediate guard-rail

Toe-board, to prevent fall of

object and fall of person
(min. 200mm)

Working Platform, closely planked

Scaffold

Reference

CSSR, Sch. 3, Requirements with which certain safety

equipment must comply

Working platforms, gangways and runs

toeboards working platform Width

shall be not less than
400mm.
shall be not less than
650mm for movement of
materials.
shall be as wide as is
reasonably practicable 24
 Boards and planks
The height of a toe-board shall be not <
200mm
Top guard-rail : not < 900mm; not >1150mm
Intermediate guard-rail: not <450mm; not
>600mm
Boards & planks not protrude beyond its end
support to a distance exceeding 150mm
Scaffold shall rest securely and evenly on its
supports
rest on at least 3 supports, unlessspan is
very short..

guardrails
toeboards

working platform

We can have these

Min. 1 m. over the edge

Video Ref: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4eEP5P8OaDg&feature=player_embedded#!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CopMhqms8QU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LghScwXxBw&feature=related
 Protected Openings

Floor opening

Wall opening
Reference

CSSR, Reg 38B, Prevention of falls

Safety belts
R38I. Duty to wear safety belt-
To deal with
Every person working on a falling from
construction site who has been height
provided with a safety belt shall
wear it and keep it attached to a
secure anchorage whenever the
use of the belt is necessary for
his own or any other person's
safety.
 Fall Arrest System

Safety harness, carabiner (connector), lanyard with

shock absorber, fall arrestor, life-line (anchor line),
anchor

Free Fall Factor 1

1m

1.5m

0.5m
 Shoring
CSSR on Excavation
R.39 Safety of Excavations
A structure made of suitable timber
or other material shall be erected for
an excavation as soon as necessary
so as to protect workmen from a fall
or displacement of earth, rock or
other material adjacent to or forming
the side of the excavation or
earthwork.

examined weekly by competent

person Form 4

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CSSR on Excavation
R.40 Fencing of Excavations
coverings shall be provided to
excavations into which persons
can fall a vertical distance of
more than 2 m, except during
the period necessary for the
access of persons, movement of
plant, equipment and materials
or if it is not yet practicable to
erect such barriers or coverings

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CSSR on Excavation
R.41 Safe guarding the edges of
Excavations

no material is placed or stacked close

to the edge of the excavation; and

no load or plant is placed or moved

near the edge of the excavation, if it is
likely to cause the side of the
excavation to collapse.

CSSR on Excavation
R.41A Emergency Escape

where a person is employed

in an excavation, where
there is reason to apprehend
danger to this person from
rising water or from irruption
of material, ladder extending
1m above ground shall be
provided

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Shoring if excavation more than 1.2m
By Soldier-piles

Reference

CSSR, Reg 39, Safety of excavations, etc.

Shoring if excavation more than 1.2m

By sheet-piles

Reference

CSSR, Reg 39, Safety of excavations, etc.

Shoring if excavation more than 1.2m
By Timbering

References

CSSR, Reg 39, Safety of excavations, etc.

CSSR, Reg 41, Safe guarding the edges of excavations,
etc.

How to go inside
 List hazardous
activities (unsafe
acts and unsafe
conditions) and
suggest relative
control measures
Hazards Control
measures

39

Review questions
What is the meaning of competent person and
competent examiner?
What is the best method to prevent accidents
caused by falling material on construction sites?
What is a toe board?
What should be done to ensure safety of
excavation?
How often should the scaffold, hoist, and
excavation be inspected?