Trade unions

1. 1. Trade Unions Chandan raj

2. 2. Nature of Trade Union Trade unions are voluntary organizations of workers or employers formed to
promote and protect their interests through collective action. According to the Trade Union Act 1926
it is a combination, whether temporary or permanent, formed primarily for the purpose of regulating
the relation between workmen and employers or between workmen and workmen, or between
employers and employers, or for imposing restrictive conditions on the conduct of any trade or
business, and includes any federation of two or more trade unions.
3. 3. Nature of Trade Union cont. The analysis reveals that Trade Union is , A combination of workers or
employers. Such a combination could be permanent or temporary. . Could include federation of two or
more unions, and To regulate relations among workmen, between workmen and employers or among
employers themselves.
4. 4. Meaning of Trade Unio A trade union is an organization of workers that is formed with a view of
protecting and promoting the interests of workers.A trade union is an association of employees
designed primarily to maintain or improve the conditions of employment of its members. A trade
union is a continuous association of wage-earners for the purpose of maintaining or improving the
conditions of their working force
5. 5. A trade union is such an organization which is created, voluntarily on the basis of collective
strength to secure the interests of workers. A union is a continuous association of persons in industry-
whether employer or independent workers- formed primarily for the purpose of the pursuit of the
interests of its members of the trade they represent.
6. 6. Principles of Trade Unionism Trade unions function on the basis of three fundamental principles.
Unity is strength. Equal pay for equal work or for the same job. Security of service.
7. 7. Why do Workers Join Trade Unions? To attain economic security- permanent employment with
higher salary and benefits. To improve their bargaining power or resist the managements irrational,
illogical and discriminatory actions. To inform workers views, ideas aims and dissatisfaction to the
management. To satisfy social needs. To satisfy their needs for a sense of belonging. To secure power.
Minimizes Discrimination Sense of Participation Betterment of Relationships.
8. 8. Functions of Trade Union The basic functions of trade unions is to protect and promote the interest
of the workers and conditions of their employment Militant Functions Fraternal Function Social
Functions Political Functions Ancillary Functions
9. 9. Militant/Protective Functions Ensuring adequate wages, better working conditions and better
treatment from employers fight with the management in the form of strikes, boycotts, gheraos etc.
Achieve higher wages and better working conditions. Raise the status of workers as a part of industry
and Protect labour against victimisation and injustice.
10. 10. Fraternal Functions Providing financial and non-financial assistance to workers Extension of
medical facilities during sickness and casualties, Provision of education, recreation, and housing
facilities, Provision of religious and social benefits. To encourage sincerity and discipline among
workers. To provide opportunities for promotion and growth.
11. 11. Social Functions :- carrying out social service activities discharging social responsibilities through
various sections of the society like educating the customers. Political Functions :-Affiliating a union to
a political party Helping the political party in enrolling members Collecting donations Seeking the
help of political parties during the strikes and lockouts .
12. 12. Ancillary Functions :- Communication : trade union communicates its activities, programmes,
decisions achievements etc, through publication of news letter. Welfare Activities : acquiring of house
sites, construction of houses, establishment of co-operative housing societies, organising training
activities etc. Education : educational facilities to its members and their family members. Research :
arrange to conduct research programme. collect and analyse data and information for collective
bargaining, preparing notes for union officials.
13. 14. Types and Structure of Trade Unions According to the purpose for which they are established
Types of their membership Trade unions based on their purposes :Reformist Revolutional
14. 15. Reformist Unions : aims to preserve the capitalist economy and maintenance of competitive
production based industrial relations. like to continue the existing social, economic and political
structure. Seek to improve the wages, working conditions, quality of work life by increasing the
productivity level and by bargaining for a share in the increased productivity.
15. 16. Reformist further divided into Business Union : They believe in congenial employee-employer
relation , protect the workers interest by participating in collective bargaining, prefer voluntary
arbitration and conciliation Uplift Union : they concentrate on education, health insurance and
benefits, aspire to elevate the moral, intellectual and social life of workers, these unions are interest-
conscious of the workers.
16. 17. Revolutionary Unions :- They aim at replacing the present system with the new and different
situations that are preferable. aims at destroying the capitalistic system abolish private property and
installing socialist or communistic systems.
17. 18. Revolutionary divided into 2 types Political Unions : gain power through political actions. These
resort to political action to protect the workers interest. Anarchist Unions : try to destroy the existing
economic system by revolutionary means.
18. 19. Trade Union Structure Craft Unions if the workers of the same craft or category of the job form
into an union, that union is called Craft union. Such organizations include those workers having
similar skills, training and specialization. The Ahmedabad Weavers Union, the Kanpur Suti Mill
Mazdoor Sabha General Unions if the workers of any industry, any region and of any job or
occupation form into one union in order to protect the overall interests of the workers The Jamshedpur
labour Union, the National Union of Municipal and General Workers
19. 20. Industrial Unions workers of different categories form into a union that is called industrial union.
It links all craftsmen and skilled workers in any one industry. It is organized upon and industry-wise
rather than a craft-wise basis. Textile Labour Association of Ahmedabad, The Rashtriya Mill Mazdoor
Sangh, Bombay.
20. 21 Federations : Industrial unions, either of same industry or of the different industry may form into
an association in order to improve Trade Union Unity. Such Unions of Unions are called federations.
During critical situations the unions in different industries may resort to concerted action without
losing their individuality. In such situation the federations form into an Association and such and
association is called Confederation. Eg; Federation of Indian Railways
21. 22. Trade Union Act, 1926 Provide for registration of T.U. Confers certain protection and privileges.
Formation and Registration :- 7 members can form a trade union and may apply to the registrar of
Trade Unions for registration. Application accompanied by Schedule :- I, II and bye law and a
resolution authorizing 7 members of the union to make an application for registration of the union
Registration Fees
22. 23. After making necessary enquiry the registrar issues a registration certificate:- It may be cancelled
or withdrawn on the application of a trade union in Form-D or If the registrar is satisfied that the
certificate is obtained by fraud or the trade union has ceased to exist or wilfully and after notice from
the registrar contravened any provisions of the Act. Appeal person aggrieved :- by any order of the
registrar may appeal within 2 months to the Civil Court not inferior to the court of Additional or
Assistant Principal Civil Court
23. 24. Change of Name :- any registered trade union may with the consent of not less than 2/3 of its total
members may make application in Form H, for the change of its name. Annual Returns :- Every
union shall send annual returns to the registrar in triplicate on or before the Ist day of June of the year
succeeding the calendar year in Form-L in case of individual trade unions and in Form-LL in case of
federation of trade unions.
24. 25. Obligations of Registered Trade Unions The general funds of a registered trade union should be
spent only for the objects specified. The account books and membership register of the union should
be kept open for inspection by any of its office-bearers.
25. A copy of every alteration made in the rules of the union should be sent to the Registrar with in 15
days of making the alteration. annual statement of receipts and expenditure and assets and liabilities
of the union for the year ending 31 st December in a prescribed form and duly audited be sent to the
Registrar within the prescribed time.
26. 26. Principal Trade Unions in India All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) 1920 Indian National
Trade Union Congress Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) 1948 Centre of Indian Trade Unions
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