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Retrieved from
http://www.ehhi.org/reports/diesel/
In the United states, as of 2002, over 600,000 school busses provide transportation for
about 24 million students. Annually, these buses traveled a total of over 4.3 bilion miles with a
collective travel time of about 3 billion hours. Knowing that modern school buses are powered
by diesel fuel, students spend a large portion of time exposed to the noxious fumes that are
emitted by the diesel powered vehicles. It was reported that approximately 44,500 connecticut
students were diagnosed with some form of respiratory illness which is believed to have been
triggered by the carcinogens produced by the buses burning diesel. This study examined the
negative effect the diesel exhaust had on Connecticut studies by monitoring fine particulate and
carcinogenic concentrations exhibited in the bus exhaust in relation to the health of the
Gharagozlou, F., Mazloumi, A., Saraji, G. N., Nahvi, A., Ashouri, M., & Mozaffari, H. (2015, August).
Correlation between Driver Subjective Fatigue and Bus Lateral Position in a Driving Simulator. Retrieved
from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4578540/
One of the most dangerous things that can happen while driving is falling asleep at the
wheel. The study aimed to find the correlation between bus driver fatigue at the wheel and the
bus lateral position in a driving simulator. They found that as the amount of time spent driving
increased, the fatigue levels increased as well. The best thing to do to prevent bus drivers from
feeling fatigued is to find a way to minimize the amount of bus routes that drivers have to take in
order so that they are not on the road for as long and dont become tired.
Monica Von Dobeneck | Special to PennLive. (2011, December 05). Children's lengthy bus ride is
http://www.pennlive.com/midstate/index.ssf/2011/12/childrens_lengthy_bus_ride_is.html
Too many students have been affected by the increase in bus times over the years. For
some students, rides can last up to 90 minutes. Not only does this affect the students, but also
the budget. It costs the $953 per student per year as opposed to $313 per public-school
student. A 2007 study concluded that such students were less likely to participate in
extracurricular activities. That state suggests maximum bus rides of 30 minutes for elementary
students, 45 minutes for middle school students and an hour for high school. Shorter bus
Kenny: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.49.6645&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Efficiency of a bus is very important. Many people rely on public transportation to get them to
school or work; to get them the best education possible, or to get them to their job. The best
ways to measure the efficiency of a bus are the costs to operate and the time it takes for a bus
to finish its route. Costs include payment for the bus driver and gas costs. Therefore, it is
preferred to have less, but longer routes, over shorter, but a larger amount of routes.
School busses output an enormous amount of pollution, and In recent years several
studies have indicated that the pollution emitted from diesel school buses can pose a grave
threat to school children, bus drivers and school staff. "In Illinois, at least 70 percent of the
18,500 school buses in service today are powered by diesel fuel" (Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency). The exhaust from diesel buses contains more than 40 toxic air
contaminants, carcinogens, ozone smog-forming compounds and fine particulate matter. These
policies help schools reduce diesel pollution by curbing unnecessary idling. Illinois has a state
law that bans excessive idling from diesel school buses and other diesel vehicles in the Chicago
Angelo: Chen, X., Ko ng, Y., Dang, L., Hou, Y., & Ye, X. (2015). Exact and Metaheuristic Approaches for a Bi-
Objective School Bus Scheduling Problem. Plos ONE, 10(7), 1-20. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132600