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where t2 > t1
2
H= something like the height equivalent of a separatory funnel
L
( x )2
2 2
e
y=
2 is the familiar standard deviation
associated with a gaussian function
L2
N=
2 note that the units cancel, N is dimensionless
Hence W/4
LW
=
4t R
2 2 2
L L tR
N= 2 = 2 2 = 16
LW W
16t R2
2
tR
N = 16
W the well-known relationship for
column efficiency
2LW 2
H= =
L 16t R2 need to know L to determine H
Variables that affect N:
L2
N=
2
2LW 2
H= =
L 16t R2 how to determine HETP from a peak
Band broadening:
H = A + + (CS + CM )u
B
u
where u is the linear flow rate for the mobile phase,
A is an eddy diffusion coefficient, B is a longitudinal
diffusion coefficient, CS is a mass transfer coefficient
in the stationary phase, and CM is a mass transfer
coefficient in the mobile phase.
(Note that this relationship has a term that is
independent of u (A), a term that is inversely
related to u (B/u), and a term that is directly
related to u, ((CS+Cu)u).)
Eddy diffusion, A term in van Deemter equation: